资源简介

2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考01
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．测试范围：选择性必修第二册Unit 5-选择性必修第三册Unit 1。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What would the man drink at last
A．Orange juice. B．Grape juice. C．Apple juice.
2．When will the man get his envelope
A．Tomorrow morning.
B．Tomorrow afternoon.
C．Tomorrow night.
3．What is wrong with the hat
A．It’s too small.
B．It’s the wrong color.
C．It’s the wrong way round.
4．What’s the problem with the woman’s TV
A．It’s broken.
B．It doesn’t fit in her room.
C．It has bad picture quality.
5．What color of light is showing
A．Orange. B．Green. C．Red.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man doing now
A．Reading a book.
B．Locking the door.
C．Turning off the heater.
7．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Co-workers. C．Family members.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where does the man suggest the woman stay
A．In a hotel.
B．In a flat with others.
C．In a house with a family.
9．Why does the man dislike sharing a flat
A．It is too noisy to study.
B．It wastes much time to cook and clean.
C．It is difficult to get along with the roommates.
10．Who can help to find a family to stay with
A．The travel agency.
B．The Student Union.
C．The local government.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Where does the conversation take place
A．At home. B．In a bookstore. C．At school.
12．Why is Sarah sad
A．Her pet got lost.
B．Her work is difficult.
C．Her parents have problems.
13．What does Mr. Thompson suggest Sara do
A．Get a cat. B．Read a book. C．Focus on her lessons.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What do the speakers have in common
A．They are both Chinese.
B．They always think differently.
C．They took a trip abroad together.
15．What happened to the man’s American friend
A．He got sick.
B．He missed a trip.
C．He made mistakes in speaking Chinese.
16．How did the man’s American friend feel about his suggestion
A．Excited. B．Unhappy. C．Grateful.
17．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Social skills. B．Emergency reactions. C．Cultural differences.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What’s getting less and less these days according to the talk
A．Empty land. B．Garbage. C．Water.
19．What do people suggest to deal with garbage
A．Burying it.
B．Sending it out of our planet.
C．Using it as an energy source.
20．What is the problem with burning garbage
A．It is hardly ever done.
B．It causes air pollution.
C．It is useless for hard materials.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Though differences in culture and customs can be broad, there’s at least one thing that unites people across planet—the desire to celebrate. Traveling for a holiday can give you the unique opportunity to take a deep dive into another country and make new friends along the way. Here’s a list of holidays worth traveling for.
La Tomatina
Where: Bunol, Spain
When: The last Wednesday in August
From mud to tomatoes, things also get a bit messy in summer in Bunol, a small town in Spain’s Valencia province at Tomatina, the world’s biggest food fight. Thousands of tomatoes are crushed during a whole hour of great fun. People wear goggles (护目镜) to protect themselves from the flying red fruit and the streets quickly fill with red tomato sauce.
Boryeong Mud Festival
Where: Boryeong, South Korea
When: July
Don’t expect to come home clean after experiencing the Boryeong Mud Festival in South Korea. Famous for its mineral-rich mudflats, visitors rush to Boryeong in July to cake themselves in mud, swim in grey pools and enjoy the party, complete with music and fireworks. There are even mudslides and a mud skiing competition for those who are seeking the ultimate mud adventure!
Holi Festival
Where: India
When: Between the end of February and mid-March
Known as the Festival of Colors, bright colored powder (粉末) fills the air during Holi, a Hindu celebration full of joy that celebrates and gives respect to the victory of good over evil and the end of evil. This festival is celebrated on the last full moon of the lunar month so the date varies, falling between the end of February and mid-March. Holi is one of the most important holidays in India and travelers will be impressed by the celebrations all throughout the country.
21．What should you take when you join La Tomatina
A．A bucket. B．An umbrella.
C．A large sheet. D．A pair of glasses.
22．When does the Boryeong Mud Festival take place
A．In February. B．In March.
C．In July. D．In August.
23．What may happen when Tom joins Holi Festival
A．He can get rid of evil.
B．His body may become colorful.
C．He may be attacked with tomatoes.
D．His body may be covered with mud.
B
Clara Barton, born on December 25, 1821 in Oxford, Massachusetts, has a crucial and long-lasting impact on care giving and disaster relief in America and throughout the world.
As a young child, Barton had great difficulty studying and making friends at school. For most of her early years, she was taught at home. She really began her life of caring for the sick at age 11, when her brother David was seriously injured while helping build a barn (谷仓). She nursed him carefully for two years until he was healed.
Barton began teaching at age 17 and was greatly respected by her students. Twelve years later, she started a free public school for poor children in New Jersey. But within a year, she had to leave after the school board voted to replace her as headmaster with a man.
Barton was working for the Patent Office Washington. D．C． when the Civil War broke out in 1861. The wounded soldiers flooded the streets of Washington. D．C． Then a temporary hospital was created in the uncompleted Capitol Building (国会大厦). She brought them food, clothing and other necessities from her home, and launched a campaign for more relief items from friends and the public. More importantly, she spent hours with the homesick and suffering soldiers, writing letters and offering prayers and comfort. She worked long into the night assisting the surgeons, cooking food for the soldiers and tending the wounded, despite nearby gunfire flying overhead.
Barton made a deep impression on Union army surgeons at Antietam. One surgeon, Dr. James Dunn, said, “In my estimation, General McClellan, with all his great honors, sinks into insignificance beside Barton, a true heroine of the age.”
After the war President Lincoln put Barton in charge of locating missing soldiers. When she returned to the United States, she successfully helped start the American Red Cross and became its first president.
Clara Barton died at the age of 91. A monument in her honor stands at Antietam National Battlefield.
24．Why did Barton leave the school where she worked
A．She didn’t like teaching any more. B．She needed to tend to her brother.
C．A man took her place as headmaster. D．A patent office offered her a position.
25．Which of the following can best describe Barton
A．Caring and brave. B．Determined and talkative.
C．Smart and modest. D．Optimistic and humorous.
26．What can be inferred from Dr. James Dunn’s words in Paragraph 5
A．He thought little of General McClellan.
B．He expressed his admiration for Barton.
C．He showed his worry about the wounded soldiers.
D．He attached significance to his work as a surgeon.
27．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Clerk in the Patent Office B．An Educator of the Times
C．A Surgeon During the War D．A Heroine of the Battlefield
C
Industrial agriculture is often held up as the solution to feeding the world’s growing population. But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.
“Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops, is not the only answer,” says art director Francesca Price. “We want these images to empower people to support their local food system.”
By growing traditional and non-commercial varieties, small farms support biodiversity and increase food security. With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks. However, traditional farming communities are working to preserve their ancient seed diversity.
Keeping variety alive is very important in the face of climate change. In the future, researchers might need to get particular genes from one variety to help another to adapt to warmer, stormier, or drier weather, or to save a prized variety from disease.
Contrary to the false impression held by the public, small farms that practise traditional agriculture can be highly productive. Studies show that the output of crops rises when there’s a wider diversity of crops being grown on a farm, and money is saved since the need for harmful fertilizer and other chemicals is reduced.
“The photographs of family farmers may tell just a few local stories, but the message is universal,” says photographer Cheryl Newman. “I hope that the images will leave viewers thinking deeply about where their food comes from and the impact it has on the world around us.”
28．What is the purpose of the photo exhibition
A．To help small farmers to sell their produce.
B．To show the challenges faced by small farmers.
C．To draw attention to small farmers’ contribution.
D．To help farmers to fight against industrial agriculture.
29．What can we say about the industrial agriculture
A．It produces more food than small farms in total.
B．It harms biodiversity and decreases food security.
C．It has been competing unfairly with small farms.
D．It is the only way to feed the world’s population.
30．Why is it important to preserve the traditional and non-commercial crops
A．Their genes are much better.
B．Their output is much higher.
C．They may help improve the other crops.
D．They don’t need chemical fertilizers at all.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of traditional small farms.
B．The problems with the industrial agriculture.
C．The consequences of fast-growing population.
D．The impact of climate change on agriculture.
D
Learning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in this process.
In Albert Bandura’s opinion, people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesn’t even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learning might not be immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.
Not at observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your memory is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement. Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.
Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, it’s also applied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.
32．What can we infer about observational learning from paragraph 2
A．Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.
B．Its effectiveness is determined by the mental stale.
C．It doesn’t necessarily lead to a change in behavior.
D．Its most useful means might be watching and learning.
33．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Model. B．Information.
C．Memory. D．Observational learning.
34．What might NOT be required when performing observational learning
A．Trying to be focused. B．Trying to be imaginative.
C．Looking for a motivator. D．Editing and storing information.
35．What can we learn about the social learning theory according to the text
A．It is of practical use. B．It remains to be improved.
C．It was effective at first. D．It is easily and widely applied.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The journey towards self-improvement and personal success is often paved with challenges and obstacles. 36 The power of mindset extends beyond mere positive thinking. It shapes your attitudes and actions, thereby shaping your destiny.
Mindset rests on a fundamental principle: your inner beliefs and thoughts can form your reality. 37 It is also about how an optimistic mindset fosters (培养) improved decision-making, heightened problem-solving abilities, and stronger resilience against challenges.
Factors like talent and hard work are often highlighted in professional success. 38 Consider a physical therapist, who may encounter limitations in their effectiveness due to a negative or fixed mindset despite possessing the necessary skills and knowledge. This situation underlines how a growth mindset is essential.
39 It is a game-changer in personal and professional development. It is centered around the belief that abilities and intelligence are not fixed traits but can be cultivated through effort, learning, and perseverance.
To make full use of the potential of your mindset, it is crucial to confront and overcome limiting beliefs. You may never realize it. 40
A．This isn’t merely hopeful thinking.
B．Effort and ability can equal a positive mindset.
C．The growth mindset means continuous improvement.
D．In fact, mindset emerges as an equally critical element.
E．Such beliefs can act as invisible barriers to your success.
F．Mindset plays an important role in building good relationship.
G．However, a crucial element that influences this journey is the mindset.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of 41 . Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some 42 to the area.
Last summer, I found a tiny little plant in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either.
We decided to let it 43 growing until we could find out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 44 plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to 45 the weeds (杂草) around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 46 .The sunflower had not 47 where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the 48 .
That’s when I 49 that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing. If we 50 ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we 51 to go and get what we need for growth.
We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the 52 to achieve our goals. Like the sunflower, it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks because it had 53 in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be 54 of who and what we are, and then the environment will begin to 55 us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to reach our goals.
41．A．flower B．insects C．vegetables D．rocks
42．A．water B．fertilizer C．color D．shape
43．A．stop B．continue C．improve D．escape
44．A．weak B．strange C．lonely D．pretty
45．A．collect B．tend C．remove D．watch
46．A．unusual B．wonderful C．terrible D．valuable
47．A．passed B．started C．left D．died
48．A．air B．top C．sun D．house
49．A．hoped B．realized C．doubted D．regretted
50．A．fill in B．put in C．worry about D．believe in
51．A．forget B．hate C．aim D．wait
52．A．wish B．plan C．ability D．idea
53．A．faith B．energy C．virtue D．courage
54．A．aware B．afraid C．proud D．tired
55．A．forgive B．support C．upset D．affect
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
For those looking to escape the concrete jungle, maybe it’s time to dive into the bamboo forests of southern Sichuan.
A natural forest that people in Sichuan province tend 56 (visit) is the Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. The 120-square-kilometer Bamboo Sea is the 57 (large) bamboo park in China and its average temperature seldom drops below zero degrees Celsius in winter 58 many parts of the country are covered with snow and ice.
Known as one of the country’s 10 most beautiful forests, it 59 (be) a popular tourist attraction since the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon 60 (shoot), there in 2001.
Two years later, the bamboo forest received world-wide 61 (recognize) as a bamboo reserve in December 2003, 62 (become) the fourth tourism destination in China to be granted Green Globe 21 certification.
The Bamboo Sea covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties 63 the authority of Yibin. Amazed at its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, 64 poet from the Song Dynasty, described it as “bamboo waves”. As Huang was an 65 (influence) man of letters, his description gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname—the Bamboo Sea.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是红星中学高二学生李华，你校英文报正在举行主题为“Science Will Change Our Life in the Future“”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括：
1. 生活环境方面；
2. 学习方式方面；
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Life in the Future
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Blessing From A Homeless Person
On the way back from work every evening, more often than not, there would be a homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway. He seemed to be in his late 40s, but was probably a little younger. Although wearing ill-fitting clothes and a mismatched pair of shoes, he seemed neither scruffy nor gloomy. With a huge grin highlighting his face, he always waved at every car and sometimes almost danced, which made the thick moustache appear “stylish” and even adorable.
Every day after work I would remember to gather any spare change, and put it aside to give him if I saw him. A feeling of joy would come over me every time I caught sight of him while coming down the ramp. He did have that effect. I’d quickly roll down my window and give him the coins. Occasionally the red light would be on for a minute and we would ask each other about our day. His answer would always be the same— “I’m blessed!” I knew what his answer was going to be every time, yet I would still ask just as if his words could work their magic on me. It amazed me that even in his situation of being homeless he was so positive, and his answer would always remind me how blessed I was: a single mother of four amazing kids, with a place to call home and a job to provide for my family.
One day I was called into my boss’s office and informed that I was being laid off due to the depressing economy. This came as a nasty shock for a single mother whose big family survived on this salary. A feeling of helplessness and grief engulfed me, then followed by endless worry. For the rest of that day, all I could think of was “How am I going to provide for my kids How am I going to pay rent And what am I going to do ”
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Needless to say, I was very sad and upset on my way home that day.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
You see that day he gave me more than a dollar bill; he taught me a valuable lesson.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考
全解全析
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
1．B
【原文】M: Could I have an apple juice, please
W: Sorry, we don’t have it. There’s orange, lemon and grape juice.
M: Oh, I suppose I’ll have to have grape juice instead.
2．A
【原文】M: Hi, Lucy. Did you pick up my envelope
W: Yes. Sorry, I was in such a hurry this afternoon that I took it by mistake.
M: Well, it’s too late to get it tonight. I’ll see you at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
3．C
【原文】W: This hat just doesn’t look right. I loved the color, but I think it must be too small for me.
M: Haha… I can’t believe it. You’re wearing it back to front.
4．B
【原文】W: I just bought this TV and I can’t even use it.
M: I’m sorry about that. If the picture quality was bad or you didn’t like it, you can return it.
W: Well actually, I need to replace it with a TV that can fit into my house.
5．A
【原文】W: Wait, you’re not allowed to continue driving until the traffic light is green.
M: Oh, sorry. In my country you can set off when it’s orange. Only when it’s red do you have to stop completely.
6．A 7．C
【原文】W: I am going to bed, honey. It’s been a long day.
M: OK. I still have one chapter to read for today, so I’ll stay up for a while.
W: Well, don’t forget to turn off the heater and lock the door before you go to bed. Oh, what time are you getting up tomorrow
M: I’ve got a meeting at 10:00 in the morning, so could you wake me up before you go to work Say, around 8:00 a.m.
W: OK, I will wake you up at 8:00 a.m.
M: Good. Thank you very much. Good night.
8．C 9．B 10．B
【原文】W: Henry, I will study abroad in London. Would it be the best to stay in a hotel, to share a flat, or to stay with a family
M: It would probably be the best to stay with a family to begin with.
W: You wouldn’t recommend sharing a flat
M: No, I wouldn’t move into a flat if I were you. You won’t get much studying done in a flat. You spend half your time cooking and cleaning!
W: How can I find out about families who take in students
M: There’s a list at the Student Union building on campus. The people at the Student Union should be able to help you find a family to stay with.
11．C 12．A 13．B
【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Thompson. Miss Lennon said you wanted to speak to me.
M: Yes, Sarah. And your work is suffering. Is something on your mind
W: Yes, I do feel a little bit sad.
M: Why is that Is the schoolwork too hard for you or is there a problem at home
W: No, no…it’s Tony.
M: Ah, boyfriend trouble.
W: Tony was my cat. He was lost last week. He was my best friend.
M: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. I know how that feels — and getting a new cat doesn’t always help.
W: I couldn’t do that.
M: Sarah, I’m going to give you a little book to read. It’s called Coping with Loss, and it might help you deal with your feelings.
W: OK, and I will try to focus on my lessons.
14．A 15．A 16．B 17．C
【原文】W: How was your trip to the United States
M: Pretty good.
W: I’m glad to hear that. What impressed you the most
M: Well, the cultural differences were really interesting.
W: You mean we Chinese think differently from Americans
M: That’s right, quite differently. One day one of my American friends looked pale, so I asked him whether he was sick or not. But he was not willing to answer me.
W: That’s strange.
M: And what’s more, when he told me he had been sick with a cold for several days, I suggested he go to the hospital as soon as possible.
W: That shows you really cared about your friend.
M: Yeah. But he responded by saying, “What do you mean ”
W: I’m confused. Why did he say that
M: I thought the same way at first. Later he told me that it’s not a good idea to give people suggestions about what to do when they are sick. But back in China, giving advice is always regarded as being kind.
W: Absolutely. But now I understand why he responded that way.
18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】For a long time, people have been burying their garbage. Unfortunately, there is less and less empty land that can be used as garbage places in our planet today, yet more and more garbage is being produced each year. How should we manage our garbage Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs These are two of the most important questions in the modern world, and many people are trying to find the answers. Some people think that we might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest that garbage should be used as an energy source. For example, some cities in the United States have been burning garbage to create fuel for years. But studies have shown that it is not a good idea. Burning garbage for energy causes many serious problems. Garbage that burns easily, such as plastics and paper, must be separated from metals, glass, and other materials that do not burn easily. This separation process is very costly, therefore not being done in most places. Another huge problem with burning garbage is air pollution.
21．D 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了世界上几个值得参加的节日。
21．细节理解题。根据La Tomatina中“People wear goggles to protect themselves from the flying red fruit and the streets quickly fill with red tomato sauce.”（人们戴上护目镜来保护自己免受飞来的红色水果的伤害，街道上很快就布满了红色的番茄酱。）可知，参加西班牙的La Tomatina节日时，参加者应该戴上眼镜来保护自己。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据Boryeong Mud Festival中When: July（时间：七月）可知，Boryeong Mud Festival通常是在七月。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据Holi Festival中“Known as the Festival of Colors, bright colored powder fills the air during Holi, a Hindu celebration full of joy that celebrates and gives respect to the victory of good over evil and the end of evil.”（在被称为“色彩节”的胡里节期间，鲜艳颜色的粉末充满空气。胡里节是印度教的一个充满欢乐的节日，庆祝并尊重正义战胜邪恶和邪恶的终结。）可知，Tom参加Holi节时，全身会染上各种颜色。故选B项。
24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了美国内战中最著名的女英雄克拉拉·巴顿在血腥的内战战场上照顾受伤的士兵，并最终成立了美国红十字会的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But within a year, she had to leave after the school board voted to replace her as headmaster with a man.（但不到一年，她就不得不离开，因为学校董事会投票决定由一名男性取代她的校长职位。）”可知，克拉拉·巴顿离开工作的学校是因为一名男子取代了她的校长职位后。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“She really began her life of caring for the sick at age 11, when her brother David was seriously injured while helping build a barn (谷仓). She nursed him carefully for two years until he was healed.（她真正开始照顾病人的生活是在11岁时，当时她的哥哥大卫在帮助建造谷仓时受了重伤。她精心照料他两年，直到他痊愈。）”可知，克拉拉·巴顿懂得照料他人，非常体贴。根据第四段中“She worked long into the night assisting the surgeons, cooking food for the soldiers and tending the wounded, despite nearby gunfire flying overhead.（她一直工作到深夜，协助外科医生，为士兵做饭，照顾伤员，尽管附近的枪声从头顶飞过。）”可知，当时战场环境恶劣，但是克拉拉·巴顿仍然坚守岗位，非常勇敢。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段中詹姆斯·邓恩医生的话“In my estimation, General McClellan, with all his great honors, sinks into insignificance beside Barton, a true heroine of the age.（在我看来，麦克莱伦将军虽然获得了很多荣誉，但在巴顿这个时代真正的女英雄面前却显得微不足道。）”可知，詹姆斯·邓恩医生认为，巴顿的贡献甚至高于麦克莱伦将军，他在表达他对巴顿的敬佩。故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了美国内战中最著名的英雄之一克拉拉·巴顿在血腥的内战战场上照顾受伤的士兵，并最终成立了美国红十字会的故事。因此D项“战地女英雄”可概括文章大意，适合作本文的标题。故选D项。
28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文说明文。文章主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面的重要作用。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.”（但是，大约25英亩或更少的小型农场生产世界70%以上的粮食。为了提高人们对这些农民贡献的认识，一个名为“我们养活世界”的全球图片展将于10月12日在伦敦开幕）可知，图片展的目的是为了提高人们对从事小型农业农民贡献的认识。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段“Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops,”（工业化农业主要集中在几种作物上）和第三段“With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks.”（只有12种植物和5种动物占世界食物的75%，食物系统很容易受到自然灾害和疾病爆发的伤害）可知，注重规模而忽视多样性的工业化农业很可能会损害生物多样性及危害粮食安全。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the future, researchers might need to get particular genes from one variety to help another to adapt to warmer, stormier, or drier weather, or to save a prized variety from disease.”（在未来，研究人员可能需要从一个品种中获得特定的基因，以帮助另一个品种适应更温暖、更暴风雨或更干燥的天气，或拯救一个珍贵的品种免于疾病）可知，保护传统作物和非商业作物可以帮助改善其它农作物。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Industrial agriculture is often held up as the solution to feeding the world’s growing population. But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.”（工业化农业往往被认为是解决世界不断增长的人口吃饭问题的办法。但是，大约25英亩或更少的小农场生产了世界上70% 以上的粮食。为了提高人们对这些农民贡献的认识，一个名为“我们养活世界”的全球图片展将于10月12日在伦敦开幕）和最后一段““The photographs of family farmers may tell just a few local stories, but the message is universal,” says photographer Cheryl Newman. “I hope that the images will leave viewers thinking deeply about where their food comes from and the impact it has on the world around us.””(摄影师 Cheryl Newman 说：“家庭农场主的照片可能只讲述了一些当地的故事，但是它传递的信息是普遍的。我希望这些图片能让观众深入思考他们的食物来自哪里，以及它对我们周围世界的影响。”）可知，本文主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面所发挥的重要作用。故选A。
32．C 33．B 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，学习是如此复杂，以至于有许多不同的心理学理论来解释人们如何学习。本文介绍了心理学家Albert Bandura提出的社会学习理论。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. (然而，仅仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一种行为是否被学习方面也起着重要作用)”可以推测出，观察学习并不一定会导致行为的改变。故选C。
33．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句句意“as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process(因为你需要稍后提取信息并在过程中据此采取行动)”可推测出，it指代前面的information。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, you need to be paying attention.(例如，你需要集中注意力)”、“Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed.(一旦您注意到模型并保存了信息，就该实际执行您观察到的行为了)”以及“Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.(最后，你必须有动力去模仿被模仿的行为)”可知，在进行观察学习时，需要集中注意力，编辑并储存信息以及寻找一个动机，B项“试着富有想象力”未提及，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Social learning theory can have many real-world applications.(社会学习理论可以在现实世界里有许多应用)”可知，社会学习理论具有实际用途。故选A。
36．G 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心态是自我完善和个人成功的旅程的一个关键因素，心态的力量塑造一个人的态度和行为，从而塑造个人的命运。
36．根据上文“The journey towards self-improvement and personal success is often paved with challenges and obstacles.(自我完善和个人成功的旅程往往充满了挑战和碍) ”和下文“The power of mindset extends beyond mere positive thinking. It shapes your attitudes and actions, thereby shaping your destiny.(心态的力量超越了单纯的积极思考。它塑造你的态度度和行为，从而塑造你的命运)”可知，尽管一个人在自我完善和走向个人成功的旅程中充满坎坷，但一个人的心态却可以决定其命运。选项G“然而，影响这段旅程的一个关键因素是心态。”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
37．根据上文“Mindset rests on a fundamental principle: your inner beliefs and thoughts can form your reality.(心态建立在一个基本原则上：你内心的信念和想法可以形成你的现实) ”中的“inner beliefs and thoughts”以及下文“It is also about how an optimistic mindset fosters (培养) improved decision-making, heightened problem-solving abilities, and stronger resilience against challenges.(这也是关于乐观心态如何促进决策的改进、解决问题的能力的提高以及应对挑战的更强韧性)”中的“decision-making”可知，选项A“这不仅仅是充满希望的想法。”中thinking切合段落主旨，起到街接语境作用。故选A。
38．根据下文“Consider a physical therapist, who may encounter limitations in their effectiveness due to a negative or fixed mindset despite possessing the necessary skills and knowledge. This situation underlines how a growth mindset is essential.(考虑一位物理治疗师，尽管他拥有必要的技能和知识，但由于消极或固定的心态，他们的有效性可能会受到限制。这种情况突显了成长心态的重要性) ”可知，此处说明心态的重要性。由此可知，选项D“事实上，心态是一个同样重要的因素。” 符合题意。故选D。
39．根据下文“It is a game-changer in personal and professional development. It is centered around the belief that abilities and intelligence are not fixed traits but can be cultivated through effort, learning, and perseverance. (这是个人和职业发展的游戏规则。它的核心是相信能力和智力不是固定的特征，而是可以通过努力，学习和毅力来培养的) ”可知，此外说明心心态是应该可以培养和进步的。由此可知，选项C“成长心态意味着不断进步”符合题意。故选C。
40．根据上文“To make full use of the potential of your mindset, it is crucial to confront and overcome limiting beliefs. You may never realize it. (为了充分利用你的心态的潜力，直面和克服有限的信念是至关重要的) ”可知，积极心态下的努力和能力可以使一个人自我完善并取得成功。由此可知，选项B“努力和能力可以等同于积极的心态。”符合题意，故选B。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者在院子里看见向日葵克服困难努力生长的例子，得出感悟：人需要相信自己才能实现目标取得成功。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的院子里有很多石头。A. flower花；B. insects昆虫；C. vegetables蔬菜；D. rocks岩石。根据下文“Denise or I would plant some between the rocks”（丹尼斯和我在石头之间种植）可知，说明院子里有很多石头，rocks为原词复现。故选D。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常当我们有花的时候，丹尼斯或者是我会在石头之间种一些花，就是为了给这个区域增添一些色彩。A. water水；B. fertilizer化肥；C. color颜色；D. shape形状。根据常识可知，因为花朵是有颜色的，所以种花能给这个区域增添色彩。故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们决定让它继续成长，直到发现它是什么。A. stop停止；B. continue继续；C. improve改善；D. escape逃脱。根据后文“until we could find out what it was.”（直到我们发现它是什么）可知，作者想看看它到底是什么植物，推断出作者需要让花朵继续生长。故选B。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个星期过去了，当我返回看那颗奇怪的植物时，它看起来像是一朵向日葵。A. weak虚弱的；B. strange奇怪的；C. lonely孤独的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据前文“We decided to let it ___3___ growing until we could find out what it was.”（我们决定让它继续成长，直到发现它是什么。）可知，作者还不知道这是一株说明植物，推断出作者认为这颗植物很奇怪。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定拔掉它周围的杂草。A. collect收集；B. tend趋向；C. remove移走；D. watch观看。根据后文“As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds,”（当我从这片区域拔出石头去清除杂草时）可知，作者要移除杂草。故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从这片地区拔出石头去除草时，我发现了某件不寻常的东西。A. unusual不同寻常的；B. wonderful极好的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“The sunflower had not ___7___ where I saw it begin.”（向日葵并不是从我看见它的地方开始生长的。）可知，向日葵并没有从作者看见它的地方开始生长，推断出这件事让作者感到不同寻常。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：向日葵并不是从我看见它的地方开始生长的。A. passed传递；B. started开始；C. left离开；留下；D. died死亡。根据后文“It actually had begun under a big rock”（它实际上是在一块大石头下开始生长的）可知，向日葵是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，推断出它并不是从作者看到它的地方开始生长的。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是在一块大石头下开始生长的，他在岩石下面和周围生长是为了获得阳光。A. water水；B. top顶端；C. sun太阳、阳光；D. house房子。根据常识可知，向日葵是朝着太阳生长的，推断出它绕过岩石是为了获得阳光。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到如果一朵小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它的生长，我们也有能力做同样的事情。A. hoped希望；B. realized意识到；C. doubted怀疑；D. regretted遗憾。根据后文“if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing.”（如果一朵小小的向日葵没有让一块大石头阻碍它的发展，我们也有能力做同样的事情。）可知，这些道理作者从向日葵身上得到感悟，换句话说就是作者从向日葵身上意识到了一个道理。故选B。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己，我们就可以达到我们的目标得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. fill in充满；B. put in放入；C. worry about担心；D. believe in相信。根据后文“We need to believe in ourselves,”（我们要相信我们自己）可知，此处believe in为原词复现。故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己，我们就可以到达我们想去的地方并得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. forget忘记；B. hate憎恨；C. aim目标是、旨在；D. wait等待。根据后文“We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the ___12___ to achieve our goals”（我们需要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。）可知，坚信自己就可以让我们实现目标，这里的目标指的是前文提到的目标是到达想去的地方和得到成长的东西，aim to 为固定搭配，意为“目标是”符合题意。故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。A. wish希望；B. plan计划；C. ability能力；D. idea想法。根据后文“Like the sunflower, it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks”（就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力越过岩石。）可知，作者认为人们要知道自己有能力去实现目标，就像向日葵知道自己有能力绕过岩石一样，ability为原词复现。故选C。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力绕过岩石因为它对自己有信心并相信自己会成功。A. faith信心；B. energy能量；C. virtue美德；D. courage勇气。根据前文“it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks”（向日葵知道自己有能力会越过岩石）可知，向日葵对自己充满信心。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A. aware知道的；B. afraid害怕的；C. proud骄傲的；D. tired累的。根据前文“Stand tall like the sunflower”（像向日葵一样昂首挺胸）可知，向日葵昂首挺胸这是拟人手法，暗示了向日葵为自己的能力感到骄傲。故选C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A. forgive原谅；B. support支持；C. upset使不安；D. affect影响。根据前文“a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its way of developing,”（向日葵不会让岩石阻碍它生长的道路）可知，推断出如果我们像向日葵一样了解目标并为自己骄傲，环境也会为我们改变，换句话说环境会支持我们。故选B。
56．to visit 57．largest 58．when 59．has been 60．was shot 61．recognition 62．becoming 63．under 64．a 65．influential
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川境内的竹海。
56．考查非谓语。句意：宜宾的川南竹海是四川人常去的天然森林。tend to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”，故填to visit。
57．考查形容词最高级。句意：120平方公里的竹海是中国最大的竹林公园。根据句意和空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级，表示“最大的”，故填largest。
58．考查定语从句。句意：120平方公里的竹海是中国最大的竹林公园，在冬季，当中国的许多地方被冰雪覆盖时，竹海的平均温度很少降到零摄氏度以下。先行词为winter，作时间状语，关系副词为when。故填when。
59．考查时态。句意：作为全国十大最美丽的森林之一，自2001年奥斯卡获奖影片《卧虎藏龙》在这里拍摄以来，这里一直是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。根据句中的“since”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，故填has been。
60．考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。根据时间状语in 2001可知，此处应用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，主语Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon与shoot之间是被动关系，故填was shot。
61．考查名词。句意：两年后，2003年12月，竹林作为竹林保护区获得遍及全世界范的认可，成为中国第四个获得绿色全球21认证的旅游目的地。根据句意及前文形容词“world-wide”的修饰可知，该空填名词作宾语，故填recognition。
62．考查非谓语。句意：两年后，2003年12月，竹林作为竹林保护区获得遍及全世界范的认可，成为中国第四个获得绿色全球21认证的旅游目的地。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，且the bamboo forest与become之间是主动关系，故填becoming。
63．考查介词。句意：竹海覆盖了宜宾管辖的长宁和江安两个县。under the authority of意为“在……管辖下”，故填under。
64．考查冠词。句意：宋朝诗人黄庭坚惊叹于它的浩瀚，将其形容为“竹波”。根据句意可知，此处作前文Huang Tingjian的同位语，补充说明黄庭坚是一位宋朝诗人，poet首字母的发音为辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
65．考查形容词。句意：由于黄庭坚是一位有影响力的文学家，他的描述为这片森林带来了一个流行的绰号——竹海。根据句意和空后的名词可知，该空用形容词修饰名词man，故填influential。
66．One possible version:
Life in the Future
With the rapid advance of science and technology, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now.
First of all, more advanced and effective transport vehicles will be used. We’ll be living on a greener and more pleasant planet, where animals and human beings will live in harmony and peaceful enjoyment. As for our study, it will be a common way to combine online learning with school learning. Besides, students will enjoy easy access to whatever they want in an instant by scanning their minds.
I believe the future life I describe will come true in the not-too-distant future.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以Life in the Future为题写一篇短文进行投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first of all→to begin with
常见的：common→usual
实现：come true→realize
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the rapid advance of science and technology, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now.
拓展句：As science and technology develop rapidly, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We’ll be living on a greener and more pleasant planet, where animals and human beings will live in harmony and peaceful enjoyment. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] With the rapid advance of science and technology, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
67．One possible version:
Needless to say, I was very sad and upset on my way home that day. I had forgotten to have the change prepared beforehand. I wasn’t feeling the joy when going off the ramp, either. Yet there he was as always! Absent-minded and in low spirits, I almost ran a red light. While I was waiting at traffic lights, he strolled over to my car. Wearing a comforting smile, he looked me straight in the eyes and said: “Today I will give you a dollar. Wish you a happy day!”. He then reached into his pocket and pulled out a dollar bill. Instantly, a tough mom was close to tears.
You see that day he gave me more than a dollar bill; he taught me a valuable lesson. No matter what material things are taken from you, no one can take away your choice to be joyful. I nodded in gratitude. Thanks to his comforting gesture and positive attitude towards life, my ride home was smooth sailing. I had indeed lost my job and had no savings, but I knew I was blessed! Faced with such an immediate crisis, I gathered my confidence and faced up to it. Since then, every time when I get stuck and couldn’t see a way out, the homeless man’s valuable lesson will come to my mind.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者每天晚上下班回家的路上，经常看到有一个40多岁无家可归的人站在高速公路的出口处，作者总是给他一些零钱。某天作者被告知下岗了，非常失落，忘了给男人准备零钱，结果男子却给了作者一美元，祝愿作者快乐，作者也因此鼓起了对生活的勇气。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不用说，那天在回家的路上我非常伤心和不安”可知，第一段可描写作者和男子相遇，男人给了作者一美元的经历。
②由第二段首句内容“你知道那天他给了我不止一美元的钞票；他给我上了宝贵的一课”可知，第二段可描写作者对于这一行为的感悟。
2.续写线索：伤心不安——没有准备零钱——流浪汉给作者一美元——作者感悟——找回信心——勇于面对困难
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓起勇气：gather confidence / nerve oneself
②拿出：pull out/take out
③拿走：take away/ deprive sb. of
情绪类
①快乐：joyful/happy/pleasant
②低落：in low spirits/in down spirits/frustrated/depressed
【点睛】[高分句型1] I wasn’t feeling the joy when going off the ramp, either. (运用了状语从句的省略)
[高分句型2] No matter what material things are taken from you, no one can take away your choice to be joyful. (运用了no matter what引导让步状语从句)

展开更多......

收起↑