资源简介

本溪市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Top Coffee-producing Countries
Brazil
Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. Now, around 300,000 coffee farmers in Brazil produce about 40% of the world’s coffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% of the coffee beans grown in the country. In Brazil, 3% of export income is from coffee beans. Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long.
Vietnam
Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. Now coffee industry employs almost 3 million people. Most of Vietnam’s coffee production is the less appreciated Robusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because of that, most coffee beans grown in Vietnam are for instant coffee. Despite coffee’s popularity as an export crop, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking.
Colombia
Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. In Colombia, about 2.3 million acres of land are planted with coffee. Coffee is the most important agricultural export. There are around 555,000 coffee growers in Colombia. The majority of Colombian coffee plantations are owned by families. Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamon or other spices to jazz it up.
Indonesia
Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. In the late 19th century, the terrible coffee rust disease caused death to many of the high-quality coffee plants. To prevent this from happening again, Indonesia replanted with the disease-resistant Robusta coffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indonesian coffee market, representing about 25% of coffee beans grown there.
1．Which of the four countries started growing coffee earliest
A. Brazil. B. Vietnam. C. Colombia. D. Indonesia.
2．What is special about Vietnam
A. A unique kind of coffee drink is made there.
B. High-quality coffee beans are produced there.
C. Coffee was produced for the home market there.
D. Coffee planting met with problems in the 1990s there.
3．What do Brazil and Colombia have in common
A. Coffee exports are growing in both countries.
B. They both have a coffee-loving population.
C. They share the same number of coffee growers.
D. Coffee farms are owned by families in both countries.
As a doctoral student, I served as a hostess for famous authors and illustrators when they came to participate in the Ohio State University Children’s Literature Conference. I hosted such beloved creators of children’s books as Nikki Grimes, Jerry Pinkney and James Ransome. I would stand at the airport, holding one of their books and waiting to pick them up and then drive them around town to places they needed to go and assist them during autograph sessions. After graduating from my university and accepting a position at Clemson University in 2003, I kept in touch with James Ransome.
In 2005 I received a grant from the government to conduct a family-literacy program. I wanted to see what would happen when I exposed ten African American families with children to books by and about African Americans. I provided each of the families with copies of seven books, five of which were illustrated by James.
The families participated in a series of five monthly workshops, and the final event was a presentation by James and an autograph session with him. I believed this event would be a meaningful way to end the program, by having a famous illustrator of children’s literature come and talk about his work, especially because the families and I had read and responded to several of his books over the course of the five workshops.
James’s visit was informative and enlightening for the families. A parent, Ashley, told me that she sent a note to her son’s teacher about having participated in the program and loaned her son’s autographed copies of James’s books for the class to read. Looking back over my career, this family-literacy program is one of the accomplishments of which I am the proudest, and I am especially pleased that James was part of it.
4．How did the author come into contact with James
A. The author met him by accident at the airport.
B. The author went to him to ask for an autograph.
C. The author hosted him when he attended a conference.
D. The author was introduced to him by a university professor.
5．What can be learned about James
A. He ran monthly workshops.
B. He is an African American.
C. He has written seven books.
D. He graduated from Clemson University.
6．What did James do for the family-literacy program
A. He gave a talk to the families.
B. He loaned his books to the families.
C. He responded to the questions raised by the families.
D. He asked the government to give financial support to the families.
7．What is Ashley’s attitude towards James
A. Doubtful. B. Caring. C. Tolerant. D. Appreciative.
The Robbers Cave Experiment was part of a series of studies conducted by social psychologist Muzafer Sherif and his workmates in the 1940s and 1950s. The researchers divided boys at a summer camp into two groups, and they studied how conflict developed between them. They also investigated what did and didn’t work to reduce group conflict. The boys were left in the dark about the experiment.
In the 1954 study, boys who were approximately 11~12 years old thought that they were participating in a typical summer camp, which took place at Robbers Cave State Park. However, the campers’ parents knew that their children were actually participating in a research study.
The boys arrived at the camp in two separate groups: for the first part of the study, they spent time with members of their own group, without knowing that the other group existed. The groups chose names, the Eagles and the Rattlers.
After a short period of time, the boys became aware of the existence of the other group and began to speak negatively about the other group. Then the researchers arranged a competitive tournament between the groups, consisting of games such as baseball and tug-of-war and the relationship between the two groups quickly became tense. The campers rated their own group more positively than the rival (对立) group.
To determine the factors that could reduce group conflict, the researchers first brought the campers together for fun activities such as having a meal or watching a movie together. However, this didn’t work to reduce conflict.
Next, Sherif and his workmates tried having the two groups work on common goals. For example, the camp’s water supply was cut off purposely by the researchers, and the Eagles and the Rattlers worked together to fix the problem. Working on shared goals eventually reduced conflict and friendships began to form with members of the other group. In the end, some of the campers requested that everyone from both groups take the bus home together, and one group bought drinks for the other group.
8．What can be inferred about the campers in the 1954 experiment
A. Their parents held something back from them.
B. They were asked to take part in a social practice.
C. They were participating in a typical summer camp.
D. Their groups were formed by the names they chose.
9．What is the beginning of the boys’ negative attitude to the other group
A. Being asked to rate the other group.
B. Hearing negative remarks from the other group.
C. Competing in a tournament against the other group.
D. Becoming aware of the existence of the other group.
10．Why was the camp’s water supply cut off
A. To cause a conflict between the two groups.
B. To test the campers’ problem-solving ability.
C. To get the two groups to work for a common goal.
D. To see how much the campers care about each other.
11．What can be a conclusion from Sherif’s experiment
A. Fights between different groups are unavoidable.
B. One should seek friendship with outgroup members.
C. Fun activities are the best ways to reduce group conflict.
D. Group members tend to turn against outgroup members.
For the history of life on Earth, organisms have relied on the light of the sun, moon, and stars to find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused problems in the natural world. Among the impacts of artificial light at night(ALAN), light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences, contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations, and convinces sea turtle babies to amble(缓行)away from the water instead of towards it.
Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals(珊瑚)into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce.
Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning(产卵)observations, researchers were able to show for the first time that corals exposed to ALAN are spawning one to three days earlier and closer to the full moon compared to those on unlit corals. “That shift may reduce the survival and fertilization success of gametes(配子)and genetic connectivity between nearby lit and unlit coral systems,” they explain.
“Corals are among the most biodiverse, economically important, and threatened ecosystems on the planet,” write the authors of the study.
“Climate change has led to mass bleaching(褪色)events. Habitat destruction, fisheries, and pollution have reduced corals substantially since the 1950s,” they write, adding, “The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years.”
If we want to reduce the harm ALAN is causing, we could perhaps look to delay the switching-on of night-time lighting in coastal regions to ensure the natural dark period between sunset and moonrise when coral reproduction remains undisturbed.
12．Why is the first paragraph written
A. To present the topic of the text.
B. To advocate energy conservation.
C. To explain a natural phenomenon.
D. To provide background information.
13．What does the underlined word “optimum” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Possible. B. Appropriate. C. Flexible. D. Sensitive.
14．What is the researchers’ major concern over corals
A. Extinction. B. Losing value.
C. Terrible diseases. D. Exposure to moonlight.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Creatures Rely on Natural Lights to Schedule Their Life
B. Night-time Lighting Shortens Natural Dark Period
C. Coastal Lights Trick Corals into Early Spawning
D. Light Pollution Leads to Serious Consequences
二、七选五
16．Many significant international projects have considered how schooling might change to better match the changes that have taken place in the 21st century. ① _________ One is a shift in the meaning of knowledge, and the other is the need to build education systems based around what we now know about learning.
The term “knowledge age” or “knowledge economy” refers to a reorganization away from an Industrial Age economy, where exploitation (开采) of natural resources, primary production and mass production were the standard models for economic development. ② _________ This is achieved through the rapid creation of new knowledge and has become the basis for economic development. It is argued that education for the knowledge age must focus on the development of learners’ competences to deal with new situations and environments.
③ _________ Nor does it deny the need for obvious goals for students’ knowledge development. Rather, the future-focused education literature suggests we need to adopt a much more complex view of knowledge, one that incorporates knowing, doing and being. Alongside this we need to rethink our ideas about how our learning systems are organized, resourced and supported. Research clearly shows that people do not learn well as passive recipients (接受者) of pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces of knowledge. ④ _________
Although some of these principles are understood by many teachers, our education systems and practices are often set up in ways that do not support these principles to operate in practice. Teachers and school leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. ⑤ _________
A. There needs to be wider public support for them.
B. There are two important ideas that support this work.
C. This does not mean that knowledge no longer matters.
D. Good learning requires active engagement in the “whole game”.
E. We are required to prepare young people for the knowledge age.
F. This is possible only when active learning approaches are applied.
G. In the knowledge age, the ability to generate value is put in the first place.
三、完形填空（15空）
When I was a teenager, I volunteered to work at the water station at a 10,000m race. My job was to 1 water to the runners. I remember being so 2 to see all the different kinds of people who passed by and grabbed a cup of water. Some ran past, some walked past and a few wheeled past. I saw so many types of people doing it. I thought maybe I could do it too! So the next year I 3 up for the race.
That first 10,000m race was quite an experience. I jogged, I walked, I jogged and I walked. 4 , I didn't know if I could finish. Then came a defining (起决定性作用的) 5 .
At one point near the end, a 70-year-old man ran past me, very, very fast, and I felt 6 because I was 50 years younger than he but I couldn't even keep up with him. I felt defeated for a second.
But then I 7 something. He was running his race and I was running mine. He had 8 abilities, experience, training and goals for himself. I had mine. Remember my goal was only to finish.
After a minute, it 9 me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment. I turned my embarrassment into 10 .
I decided that I would not give up on running races. In fact, I would run even more races and I would learn how to train and prepare 11 and one day I would be one of those 70-year-old persons who were still running. As I crossed the finishing line, I was proud of my 12 .
In life we all have those moments where we 13 ourselves to others. It's only natural. Don't allow those moments to 14 you. Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you. With the proper preparation and training, you can improve your result to 15 your goals in life.
17．A.bring out B.pass out C.take out D.pick out
18．A.excited B.worried C.concerned D.anxious
19．A.gave B.made C.signed D.dressed
20．A.At times B.In time C.In all D.After all
21．A.victory B.decision C.moment D.conclusion
22．A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.moved D.thrilled
23．A.realized B.lost C.noticed D.remembered
24．A.special B.evident C.common D.different
25．A.worried B.hit C.reached D.hurt
26．A.attraction B.devotion C.inspiration D.expectation
27．A.slightly B.hardly C.clearly D.properly
28．A.excitement B.accomplishment C.movement D.judgment
29．A.introduce B.relate C.present D.compare
30．A.weaken B.wound C.amuse D.cheer
31．A.reserve B.deliver C.achieve D.abandon
四、短文填空
32．A museum showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal is expected to open in Beijing next week. Some 6,000 items or sets of exhibits① _________ (close) related to Beijing and the ancient canal are to be displayed.
“The Grand Canal Museum of Beijing, also called the Capital Museum East Branch, ② _________ (locate) in the Beijing Municipal Administrative Center and has③ _________ total floor area of 99,700 square meters,” said Feng Hao, who is④ _________ charge of museum collections at the Capital Museum.
With a daily capacity of 6,000 visitors, the new museum is designed⑤ _________ (combine) boats, sailing and water elements, showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal.
The exhibition area consists of basic, ⑥ _________ (theme), open, and temporary exhibition⑦ _________ (section). “Visitors can enjoy an interactive experience⑧ _________ (reflect) the themes of Beijing and the Grand Canal in the open exhibition section through⑨ _________ (digit) technology,” Feng said.
With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, ⑩ _________ served as a significant transportation route in ancient China.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Paul给你发邮件说他对中国成语感兴趣，想学习更多的中国成语。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你对中国成语的认识；
2. 学习中国成语的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I walked along the sidewalk in front of Surplus Unlimited, a car that was about to change my life had just turned onto Route 82 from the CVS parking lot. I looked up and noticed the elderly couple in the car heading toward me. As the car rolled past, the driver suddenly collapsed against the steering wheel (方向盘) right in front of my eyes. His wife stared blankly out of the passenger side window. She was unaware that her car was now rolling—without a conscious driver—down the center of a busy road.
I began to jog alongside the moving car. My mind assessed the situation. Somebody needed to stop that car!
I reached forward, but there was nothing to grab. I pounded on her window. She looked confused. “Roll down the window!” I yelled, gesturing wildly. With the window down, I was able to grab the door frame. I pulled hard against the force of the moving vehicle. On the far side of the car, the traffic streamed by in the opposite direction. Cars passed one after another. Nobody slowed down. Nobody seemed to notice.
Thankfully, the driver’s foot must have slipped off the gas pedal (踏板) when he lost consciousness. I kept pulling, and the car began to slow.
Just then, a woman appeared from behind me. She ran alongside the driver side door. She opened the door and as the car was slowing, she managed to shift it out of “Drive”. A joyful “We did it!” feeling swept over me.
But the car was now stopped in the center lane (车道) with traffic still moving in both directions around us and we need to help this man. Quickly! The woman called 911 while I checked his vital signs. He was not breathing. He had no pulse. He had about five minutes until he was dead. CPR was needed in to time.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Thoughts started running through my mind.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In an instant, the man from the black SUV was standing beside me and said, “I am a doctor.”
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. (早在18世纪，巴西就开始种植咖啡。)”；第二段“Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. (咖啡在19世纪进入越南。)”；第三段“Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. (咖啡在18世纪早期被引入哥伦比亚)”以及最后一段“Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. (印尼有着悠久的咖啡历史，可以追溯到17世纪，其间有起有落。)”可知，Indonesia是种植咖啡最早的。故选D。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. (他们还制作了一款在其他地方找不到的著名的卡布奇诺——出名是因为如果你喜欢的话，它会加一些生鸡蛋。)”可知，越南的特别之处在于那里生产一种独特的咖啡饮料。故选A。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. (巴西人喜欢喝咖啡，整天都在喝。)”和第三段中“Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. (哥伦比亚人通常以一杯tinto开始他们的早晨。它是一小杯加糖的黑咖啡。)”可知，巴西和哥伦比亚的共同之处是都有喜欢喝咖啡的人。故选B。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a doctoral student, I served as a hostess for famous authors and illustrators when they came to participate in the Ohio State University Children’s Literature Conference. I hosted such beloved creators of children’s books as Nikki Grimes, Jerry Pinkney and James Ransome.(在读博士期间，我为前来参加俄亥俄州立大学儿童文学大会的著名作家和插画家担任主持人。我邀请了尼基·格莱姆斯、杰里·平克尼和詹姆斯·兰瑟姆等受人喜爱的儿童书籍创作者)”可知，当James参加会议时，是作者接待了他，从而接触。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“I wanted to see what would happen when I exposed ten African American families with children to books by and about African Americans. I provided each of the families with copies of seven books, five of which were illustrated by James.(我想看看当我让十个有孩子的非裔美国家庭阅读非裔美国人写的和关于非裔美国人的书时会发生什么。我给每个家庭提供了七本书，其中五本是詹姆斯的插图)”可知，James是一个非裔美国人。故选B。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The families participated in a series of five monthly workshops, and the final event was a presentation by James and an autograph session with him. I believed this event would be a meaningful way to end the program, by having a famous illustrator of children’s literature come and talk about his work, especially because the families and I had read and responded to several of his books over the course of the five workshops.(这些家庭参加了一系列每月五个的研讨会，最后的活动是詹姆斯的演讲和他的签名会。我相信这次活动将是结束这个项目的一个有意义的方式，让一位著名的儿童文学插画家来谈谈他的作品，特别是因为我和我的家人在五个研讨会的过程中阅读并回应了他的几本书)”可知，James在家庭扫盲计划中，对家庭发表了讲话。故选A。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“James’s visit was informative and enlightening for the families. A parent, Ashley, told me that she sent a note to her son’s teacher about having participated in the program and loaned her son’s autographed copies of James’s books for the class to read. Looking back over my career, this family-literacy program is one of the accomplishments of which I am the proudest, and I am especially pleased that James was part of it.(詹姆斯的访问对这些家庭来说是有益的和有启发的。一位名叫阿什利的家长告诉我，她给儿子的老师发了一张便条，告诉他自己参加了这个项目，并把儿子亲笔签名的詹姆斯的书借给了全班学生阅读。回顾我的职业生涯，这个家庭扫盲计划是我最自豪的成就之一，我特别高兴詹姆斯是其中的一员)”可推知，Ashley对James的态度是“欣赏的”。故选D。
8．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“The boys were left in the dark about the experiment. (孩子们对实验一无所知。)”和第二段中“However, the campers’ parents knew that their children were actually participating in a research study. (然而，营员的父母知道他们的孩子实际上是在参与一项研究。)”可知，1954年实验中的营员参加了一个象征性的夏令营。故选A。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“After a short period of time, the boys became aware of the existence of the other group and began to speak negatively about the other group. (过了很短的一段时间，男孩们开始意识到另一个群体的存在，并开始说另一个群体的坏话。)”可知，男孩对另一组的消极态度始于意识到另一个群体的存在。故选D。
10．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next, Sherif and his workmates tried having the two groups work on common goals. For example, the camp’s water supply was cut off purposely by the researchers, and the Eagles and the Rattlers worked together to fix the problem. (接下来，谢里夫和他的同事们试着让两个小组为共同的目标而努力。例如，研究人员故意切断了营地的供水，老鹰队和响尾蛇队共同努力解决了这个问题。)”可知，营地的供水被切断了是为了让两组人为了一个共同的目标而工作。故选C。
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“After a short period of time, the boys became aware of the existence of the other group and began to speak negatively about the other group. Then the researchers arranged a competitive tournament between the groups, consisting of games such as baseball and tug-of-war and the relationship between the two groups quickly became tense. The campers rated their own group more positively than the rival (对立) group. (过了很短的一段时间，男孩们开始意识到另一个群体的存在，并开始说另一个群体的坏话。然后，研究人员在两组之间安排了一场竞争性比赛，包括棒球和拔河等游戏，两组之间的关系很快变得紧张起来。营员们对自己那一组的评价比对手那一组更积极。)”可知，在这个实验过程中，两个组的孩子们在得知对方存在的时候，就开始表现出敌意，后面的研究项目是看在什么情况下敌意会加剧，什么情况下敌意会被消除。故可推知，Sherif的实验可以得出结论：群体成员倾向于反对群体外成员。故选D。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容“For the history of life on Earth, organisms have relied on the light of the sun, moon, and stars to find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused problems in the natural world. Among the impacts of artificial light at night(ALAN), light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences, contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations, and convinces sea turtle babies to amble(缓行)away from the water instead of towards it.(在地球上生命的历史中，生物一直依靠太阳、月亮和星星的光来找到自己的路，安排自己的生活。虽然19世纪末开始的电灯可能给人类带来了好处，但它也给自然界带来了问题。在夜间人造光(ALAN)的影响中，光污染将候鸟吸引到城市，带来令人震惊的后果，导致昆虫数量惊人的下降，并使海龟宝宝远离水而不是靠近水。)”可知，文章第一段介绍了始于 19 世末的人造光源对自然产生的不好的影响，结合第二段“Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals(珊瑚)into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”讲述文章主题是阐述人造光对于珊瑚的危害可推断，第一段的目的是提出提供了背景信息。故选D。
13．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。分析句子可知，后面的定语从句“when they would normally reproduce(当它们正常繁殖的时候)”修饰the optimum time可知“the optimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖时间”，所以画线词与appropriate“合适的，恰当的”。故选B。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years.( 预计珊瑚将在未来100年内完全消失。)”可知，研究人员最大的担心是珊瑚的灭绝。故选A。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段“Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals(珊瑚)into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”可知，本文主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响，因此 C 项“海岸灯光诱使珊瑚提早产卵”为合适的标题。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤BGCDA
解析：①根据下文“One is a shift in the meaning of knowledge, and the other is the need to build education systems based around what we now know about learning.”（一个是知识意义的转变，另一个是建立基于我们现在对学习的了解的教育系统的需要。）可知，这里提出了两种观念，因而空处应是对后文内容的提示，阐述有两种观点。选项B“There are two important ideas that support this work.”（有两个重要的观点,可以支持这项工作。）符合题意，故选B项。
②根据上文“The term “knowledge age” or “knowledge economy” refers to a reorganization away from an Industrial Age economy, where exploitation (开采) of natural resources, primary production and mass production were the standard models for economic development. ”（“知识时代”或“知识经济”一词指的是工业时代经济的重组，在工业时代，自然资源的开发开采、初级生产和大规模生产是经济发展的标准模式。)提到了工业时代的情况。所以空处应该承接前文，讲述知识时代的情形。选项G“In the knowledge age, the ability to generate value is put in the first place.”（在知识时代，创造价值的能力被放在首位。）开始讲述知识时代的情况，和前文的工业时代形成对比。下文“This is achieved through the rapid creation of new knowledge and has become the basis for economic development. ”（这是通过快速创造新知识来实现的，并已成为经济发展的基础。）中的This是知识时代的指代，故选G项。
③根据后文“Nor does it deny the need for obvious goals for students’ knowledge development.”（它也不否认学生的知识发展需要明确的目标。）可知本句用了否定词置于句首的部分倒装，结合nor一词可知空处也要用否定，选项C“This does not mean that knowledge no longer matters.”这并不意味着知识不再重要。）与后文在句式和语义上的衔接顺畅，符合题意。故选C项。
④根据前文“Research clearly shows that people do not learn well as passive recipients (接受者) of pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces of knowledge.”（研究清楚地表明，被动接受预先包装好的、零碎的知识不会让人学得很好。）可知，此处作者提出了他不擅长的“被动灌输”的学习的方式，因此，空处应该是作者认可的学习方式。选项D“Good learning requires active engagement in the “whole game”.”（良好的学习需要积极参与“整个游戏”。），表明积极参与是有利于学习的，符合题意，故选D项。
⑤根据前文“Although some of these principles are understood by many teachers, our education systems and practices are often set up in ways that do not support these principles to operate in practice. Teachers and school leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. ”（虽然其中一些原则被许多教师所理解，但我们的教育系统和实践往往是以不支持这些原则在实践中运作的方式建立起来的。教师和学校领导正在尝试范式转变。）可知，许多教师理解的原则在实践中并不被教育系统所支持，大大促使教师和学校领导要做出转变。作为段落的结尾句，应该提出对于教师和学校领导的转变要有支持。选项A“There needs to be wider public support for them.”（他们需要得到更广泛的公众支持。）中的“them”指代前文的“teachers and school leaders”，符合题意，故选A项。
17．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A. bring out产 生;B. pass out分配;分发; C. take out拿出; D. pick out 挑选出。根据上文"I volunteered to work at the water station at a 10,000 m race"和下文"see all the different kinds of people who passed by and grabbed a cup of water"可知，作者是给运动员分配水的。故选B。
18．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的; B.worried担心的;C.concerned不安的; D.anxious焦虑的。从后面的句子"to see all the different kinds of people who passed by"并结合常识可知，看到运动员通过应该是兴奋的。故选 A。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.gave给;B.made 使; C.signed签;在……上签名;签订; D.dressed给……穿衣服。根据上文"I saw so many types of people doing it. I thought maybe I could do it too!"可知，作者看到各种类型的人参 加跑步，认为自己也能做得到，于是第二年也报名 参加比赛。sign up for"报名参加"。故选C。
20．答案：A
解析：考查固定短语及语境理解。A. At times有时;B. In time及时;C. In all总共，共计;D. After all毕竟，根本。根据上文"I jogged, I walked, I jogged and I walked."可知，作者跑跑停停，有时 候怀疑自己是否能够完成比赛，故选A。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.victory胜利; B.decision决定;C.moment时刻;D.conclusion 结论。根据下文"I learned something about myself in that moment."以及下文的发生的故事可 知，此处说的是决定作者完成比赛的时刻到来了， 故选C。
22．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴 尬的;B.annoyed生气的;C.moved感动的; D.thrilled兴奋的，激动的。根据下文"because I was 50 years younger than he but I couldn't even keep up with him"可知，作者比老人年轻50 岁，但却赶不上他，感到尴尬。故选A。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.realized意识到; B.lost失去;C.noticed注意到;D.remembered记 得。根据下文"He was running his race and I was running mine. He had _____ abilities, experience, training and goals for himself. I had mine,"可知，这是作者意 识到的事情。故选A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特别的; B.evident明显的;C.common共同的;D.different 不同的。根据上句"He was running his race and I was running mine."可知，作者认为他与老人走的 道路是不一样的，有不同的能力，经历，训练和目标。故选D。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.worried担心，B.hit 撞击;C.reached到达;D.hurt伤害。根据"this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment."可知， 作者突然想到这是自己可以吸取的教训。it hits sb 表示某人突然想到。故选B。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.attraction吸引; B.devotion投入;C.inspiration鼓舞;灵感; D.expectation期望。根据下文"Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you."可知，作者 把自己的尴尬转变为鼓舞。故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly轻微地; B.hardly几乎不;C.clearly清楚地;D.properly适当地。根据文章最后一段提到"With the proper preparation and training"可知，此处说的是适当 地训练和准备。故选D。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.excitement兴奋; B.accomplishment成就;C.movement运动; D.judgement判断。根据上文"As I crossed the finish line"可知，作者最终冲过了终点，这是作者取得的成就，故选B。
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.introduce介绍; B.relate联系;C.present呈现;D.compare比较。 根据上文"At one point near the end, a 70-year-old man ran past me, very, very fast, and I felt ______ because I was 50 years younger than he but I couldn't even keep up with him."可推断，此处作者说的是我们时常会把 自己与别人做比较。compare sb. to sb."把……和……相比"。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.weaken削弱; B.wound使……受伤;C.amuse使开心;D.cheer 鼓舞;喝彩。根据下文"Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you."可知，不要让这些比较的时刻削弱你，而是把它们变成动力，让它们鼓舞你。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.reserve预订;预留;B.deliver递送; C.achieve完成;达到; D.abandon放弃。根据前文"With the proper preparation and training, you can improve your result"和后文"anything you want in life"可推断， 你可以通过适当的准备和训练，改善结果，达到你 想要的。故选C。
32．答案：①closely②is located③a④in⑤to combine⑥themed⑦sections⑧reflecting⑨digital⑩which
解析：①考查副词。句意：将展出约6000件与北京和古运河密切相关的展品。空处需要副词修后面的动词。故填closely。
②考查固定搭配以及时态。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。be located in“坐落于……”。本句话描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数。故填is located。
③考查冠词。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。a total of“总计，总数为……”。故填a。
④考查介词。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。in charge of“负责”。故填in。
⑤考查动词不定式。句意：新博物馆每天可接待6000名游客，其设计结合了船只、帆船和水元素，展示了大运河的文化。be designed to do sth.“被设计来做某事”。故填to combine。
⑥考查形容词。句意：展区分为基本展区、主题展区、开放展区和临时展区。空处需要形容词和“basic, open, temporary”作并列的定语修饰后面的名词。themed为形容词“特定主题的”。故填themed。
⑦考查可数名词的复数。句意：展区分为基本展区、主题展区、开放展区和临时展区。section“部分”为可数名词，根据上文内容可知有多个展区，名词应用复数形式。故填sections。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：“游客可以通过数字技术在开放展区享受反映北京和大运河主题的互动体验，”冯说。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作定语。该动词和被修饰的名词an interactive experience之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填reflecting。
⑨考查形容词。句意：“游客可以通过数字技术在开放展区享受反映北京和大运河主题的互动体验，”冯说。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词作定语。故填digital。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：大运河连接中国东部浙江省的北京和杭州，有着2500多年的历史，是中国古代重要的交通路线。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Grand Canal。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系副词which引导该从句。故填which。
33．答案：Dear Paul,
How are you I’m excited to receive your last email and learn about your passion for Chinese idioms.
Chinese idioms are an essential part of the Chinese language, history and culture. Behind each of them there is a story, which implies important lessons about life. There are a lot of texts, images and videos on the Internet about them, from which you can learn a great deal. It’s also beneficial to search for sentences containing the idioms you are learning.
I believe your knowledge about China will be enriched through your exploration of Chinese idioms. Hopefully, we can share our ideas about them.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
重要的：essential→vital
许多：a lot of→a number of
激情：passion→flame
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hopefully, we can share our ideas about them.
拓展句：Hopefully, we can share our ideas about them, which will deepen your understanding of these idioms.
【高分句型1】Behind each of them there is a story, which implies important lessons about life. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】There are a lot of texts, images and videos on the Internet about them, from which you can learn a great deal.（运用了介词+which引导的非限定性定语从句）
34．答案：
Thoughts started running through my mind. I needed to start CPR. But I couldn’t do CPR on a person who was sitting in a car. Did I remember how to do CPR There was no way for us two women to lift this guy and carry him through this traffic to the side of the road. By the time an ambulance arrived, he would be dead. Just then, over my shoulder, I noticed a black SUV had pulled up behind us.
In an instant, the man from the black SUV was standing beside me and said. “I am a doctor” I stepped back. He confirmed that the man indeed had no pulse. He quickly carried the unconscious driver to the sidewalk with the help of the woman. I walked around to the passenger window to check on the elderly lady. Her hands were shaking wildly, tears in her eyes. She could only manage to whisper, “Will he be OK ” “I hope so,” I told her softly, as the doctor began CPR. And his breath recovered!
解析：本文由人物线索展开，讲述了作者注意到一辆朝他驶来的小汽车，司机已经失去了意识，情况十分危急，后来，他与路人齐心协力把车子停了下来，可是车主没有呼吸脉搏，情况危急之时，一辆黑色越野车停了下来，出来了一位医生，最终救下了这位老人。
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“各种想法开始在我脑海里闪过。”可知，接下来要描述作者关于如何救这位司机的各种各样的想法，以及对于下文黑色越野车的提及。
②由第二段首句内容“刹那间，黑色越野车里的人站在我身边说。我是医生。”可知，接下来可描写这位医生是如何操作，并最终救下这位司机的，以及众人的反应和情绪。
2.续写线索:我脑海中想到各种方法—无力实施救援—注意到了一辆黑色越野车—下来一位医生—司机的老婆焦急的情绪—最终救下了司机。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举起: lift / raise / hold up
②.退后:step back / keep back/ draw back
③.检查: check / examine/inspect
情绪类
①.悲伤:tears in her eyes/ sad/ sorrowful
②.柔和: softly/gently
[高分句型1].He confirmed that the man indeed had no pulse.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. I walked around to the passenger window to check on the elderly lady. (运用了不定式作目的状语)

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