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7B Unit2 知识点解析
小试牛刀
1. Helping other classmates _____ (bring) the boy a lot of happiness.
2.---Who ______(cook) the meals for us tonight ---Mike is.
3.It is getting dark outside. I think it _____(rain).
4.Lily won't go to the party tonight if she_____(not be) free.
5.James with his classmates ______(design) next week's class meeting. Don't disturb them please.
6. Do you think the living room is a good place _____(chat) with my friends
7._____ (share) your sadness with good friends, and you will feel better and better.
8.What a good time my mother has _____(do)some shopping at the weekend!
知识要点
Where are you going？ 你打算去哪里？
be going此处为“现在进行时表将来”。现在进行时表将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。go, come, leave等表示位移的动词，都可以用于现在进行时表将来。
例如：I’m coming. 我要来了。
2. I’m going to visit our new neighbours．我打算拜访我们的新邻居。
be going to意为“计划，打算”，后接动词原形，用于表将来。
例如：I’m going to wash the car if I have time. 若有时间我想洗洗车。
Where are we going to stay tonight 我们今晚住哪里？
3. I’m afraid they won’t welcome visitors like you．恐怕他们不会欢迎像你一样的拜访者。
(1)welcome作及物动词，意为“欢迎’’，可与介词to连用；也可作形容词，意为“受欢迎的"。如： Welcome you to our school! 欢迎到我们学校来!
You’re welcome．不用谢。
(2)句中like是介词，意为“像，相似’’，其反义词是unlike；常用的固定搭配有be like …“像……样子”；look like …“看起来像”；如：What is Jim like 吉姆这个人怎么样
like作动词时，意为“喜欢’’，后可接动名词或不定式作宾语
like sb/sth 喜欢某人/某物 like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯）
like to do sth 喜欢做某事（具体的事）
(3)afraid adj，意为：害怕的
be afraid that ...“担心，恐怕”，是一种委婉的语气。
be afraid of sth./doing sth 表示“害怕（做）某事”
be afraid to do sth .害怕/不敢做某事
4. Most of them have 14 floors.
(1)most of意为“……中的大多数”，后面接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；也可接不可数名词，此时谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Most of them are going to Guangzhou next week. 他们中的多数人都准备下星期去广州。
Most of the water is clean. 大部分水是干净的。
【注意】most of 后的名词是单数时，谓语动词也用单数形式。
例如：Most of the apple is red. 这个苹果大部分是红的。
(2)most与most of的区分
①most+名词（不包括人称代词），泛指多数，无范围。
②most of+the/this/these/that/those/物主代词＋名词，仅指某一范围以内的多数。
5. There’s something wrong with my computer． 我的电脑出故障了。
(1)此句包含句型：There is something wrong with…(某物出毛病了／坏了。)此句型的同义结构有：Something is wrong with．．．；．．．is broken．．；．．．doesn’t work．等。
(2)something是不定代词，用于肯定句或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。在疑问句或否定句中多用anything。当形容词修饰这类不定代词时，必须后置。如：
I have something important to tell you．我有一些重要的事情告诉你。
6．They help us with all kinds of problems．他们帮助我们解决各种难题。
help sb. with sth．意为“帮助某人解决难题’’，其中with可用动词原形来代替。如：
He often helps me learn English．他经常帮助我学习英语。
7．Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them．他们中的一些人经常会去探望老人并为他们采购些物品。
（1）do some shopping意为“买东西，购物"，相当于go shopping。在疑问句中，也用some而不用 any。类似结构还有：do some reading(阅读)， do some cooking(烧饭)，do some washing(洗衣服)等。
（2）the + 形容词表示某一类人；作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数
8．You’re lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that，Simon．住在像那样的居民区，你真幸运，西蒙。
lucky是luck的形容词形式，后接不定式，其反义词是unlucky(不幸运的)。此句也可表达为：It’s lucky for you to live in a neighbourhood like that，Simon．
9．People go there when they need help with their．．．当人们在……需要帮助时，人们就去那儿(寻求帮助)。
(1)when意为“当……时’’，是连词，引导时间状语从句，从句中常用一般现在时表示将来时，而主句可用一般将来时，即所谓的“主将从现’’原则。如：
I’ll go to the park when I’m free tomorrow．当我明天有空时，我将去公园。
(2)句中的help是不可数名词，后面接介词 with。如：
I need help with my English．我英语需要帮助。
10．Will you wait for us to call back 你会等我们回电话吗
(1)wait是不及物动词，后接介词for。如：Someone is waiting for you under the tree．树下有人在等你。
(2)句中to call back是动词不定式作目的状语。call back意为“回电话’’。
11．My parents and I are planning a day out with my uncle’s family the day after tomorrow．我和我父母正计划后天与叔叔全家外出一天。
(1)a day out意为“外出一天"，out是副词，修饰名词day，作后置定语。如：
the weather today今天的天气 the people there那儿的人民
(2)the day after tomorrow意为“后天"，是与一般将来时连用的时间状语。
12．So she goes to work by train．因此她乘火车去上班
go to work by train意为“乘火车去上班"。
“by+交通工具’’表示交通方式，“go to．．．by+交通工具’’意为“乘……去某地’’。如： We go to the park by bus．=We take a bus to the park．我们乘公共汽车去公园。
13．I’m good at drawing．我擅长绘画。
be good at--do well in意为“擅长"，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
14．That sounds like a good idea．那听起来是个好主意。
sound是连系动词，意为“听起来……’’，后接形容词作表语；sound like后接名词作宾语；sound还可作名词，意为“动听、悦耳的声音"。如：
Your idea sounds great．你的主意听起来棒极了。
’ I can hear the sound of running water．我能听到流水的声音。
15．Please look at the information below．请看下面的信息。 ’
information是不可数名词，below是副词，故修饰名词时需后置。below还可作介词，意为“在……下面’’，但不是指在某物垂直的下方，而under是指在某物垂直的下方。
16．They will make you feel better!他们将使你(们)感觉更好!
make意为“使，让"，是使役性动词，后接动词原形或形容词作宾语补足语。如：
His words make me happy．他的话让我开心。
I will make Jim fix the bicycle．我将让吉姆修理自行车。
17．Are you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home 你在为参加聚会该穿什么或者怎样设计你的家而烦恼吗
（1）“worry about”
① worry可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时，意为“使烦恼，使担忧”。作不及物动词时，意为“发愁，担心，烦恼”，常与介词about连用。
例如：What’s worrying you 什么事使你烦恼？
Don’t worry about me. 不要为我担心。
Your parent is coming, don’t worry. 你的家长就要来了，不要担心。
② worry about sb./sth. 意为“为某人/某事而焦虑、烦恼、担心，担心某人/某事”。
例如：Don’t worry about me. 不要为我担心。
She worries about little things. 她为一些小事而烦恼。
【拓展】worry about与be worried about
worry about强调“担心”的动作，worry为动词；
be worried about侧重“担心”的状态，worried为形容词。
例如：Your mother will worry about you. 你妈妈会担心你。
Mrs. Brown is always worried about her son. 布朗夫人总是为她的儿子担心。
（2）what to wear与how to design是“疑问词+动词不定式"结构，此结构在句中作宾语。如：I don’t know when to leave．我不知道何时出发。
18．People will get help if there is something wrong with their washing machine or fridge．假如人们的洗衣机或冰箱坏了，他们将得到帮助。
if意为“假如，如果"，引导条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时表示将来时。如：If it rains tomorrow，I’ll stay at home．假如明天下雨，我将待在家里。
19.I want to help sick people .
sick adj，意为“生病的，恶心了”。可以用作定语、表语和宾语补足语的句子成分。
ill 也有“生病的”之意，与sick可以通用，但是ill只能作表语（俗称表语形容词）。
20. make a fire
(1)fire用作不可数名词，意为“火”，
be on fire着火了； set something on fire“引火烧某物”； catch/take fire“着火了”
(2)fire也可用作可数名词，意为“火灾，燃料”，make/start/build a fire意为“生火”
【拓展】由make构成的词组有：
make a noise发出噪音 make friends交朋友 make tea沏茶 make money赚钱
make a living谋生 make trouble 制造麻烦 make a sentence造句 make the bed铺床
make a decision决定 make a speech演讲
21.job与work
work和job作名词是同义词，都有“工作、职业”的意思。不过，它们之间还是有些区别的。
（1）job是可数名词，指特定工作。work是不可数名词，泛指工作。我们可以说a job，不能说a work。
例如：Peter has a good job in a bank. 彼得在一家银行有份很好的工作。
Tom changed jobs many times. 汤姆换了很多工作。
Looking after three cats is not easy work. 照顾三只猫咪可不是件容易事。
（2）上班用英文讲是go to work。这是一个固定搭配，我们不能说go to a job。
例如：My father goes to work at 8 am. 我爸爸八点上班。
（3）job只能用作名词，work还可以用作动词，不仅有“上班、工作”的意思，还可以作“努力”或“从事”来讲。
例如：Both of my parents work. 我父母都工作。
If you work hard, you will speak English well. 只要你努力，你的英语就会讲得很好。
22. elder与older
elder为形容词old的比较级形式，意为“年长的”。同时old还对应有一个比较级形式older，注意二者之间的区别。
【拓展】older, elder的区别：
（1）older 通常用于比较两个人的年龄大小或者两个物体之间的新旧程度。
例如：He is older than his brother. 他比他的兄弟年长。
This book is older than that one. 这本书比那一本旧一些。
（2）elder专用于同一个家庭成员之间的长幼对比，也有时指职位、身份较高的人，且只能用于形容人。
例如：Tom is my elder brother．汤姆是我的哥哥。
【巩固练习】
1．---I am not feeling ____ these days, so I go to see a doctor.
---But ____, you still do well in the exam.
A. good; luckily B. well; unluckily C. good; lucky D. well; luckily
【分析】表示“身体好”feel well。句子开头用副词，根据句意，幸运地
【答案】D
2．Tom’s mother is ___ in ___ hospital, so he has to look after his ___ mother.
A. ill; /; sick B. ill; the; ill C. sick; the; sick D. sick; /; ill
【分析】ill只能作表语。sick既能做表语又能做定语。in hospital表示病人住院
【答案】A
3．I ___ I ___ her again.
A. wish; to see B. hope; to see C. wish; will see D. hope; shall see
【分析】hope sb to do 是错误的短语。此题考查的是hope后面接的从句，用将来时。选C的话，要把will变成would
【答案】D
4． young men in Beijing are the housing problem now.
A. Most of; worried B. Many; worrying about C. Most; worry D. Many of ;worried about
【分析】本题固定搭配。首先第一个空考察固定搭配most of后面需要加the再加名词，后面一个空考察be worried about的固定搭配，意思是担心……，所以答案应该是B。
【答案】B
5．---I am not feeling these days, so I go to see a doctor.
---But , you still do well in the exam.
A. good; luckily B. well; unluckily C. good; lucky D. well; luckily
【分析】本题考查形容词和副词的用法。well,用作形容词，表示身体好用作副词，表示好地。lucky是形容词，幸运的；luckily,副词，幸运地；unluckily，不幸地。所以根据句意，正确答案是D.
【答案】D
6．Don't ______ your English exam. I am sure you can pass it.
A. be worry about B. worried about C. be worried D. worry about
【分析】考查固定搭配。句意：不要担心你的英语考试。我确定你能通过它的。Not后面应该加动词原形的形式，所以应该用worry about，故选D。
【答案】D
7．The goods in this charity sale（爱心义卖）seem _________. Look! Lily is looking for _________.
A. interested, special something B. interested, anything special
C. interesting, special someone D. interesting, something special
【分析】考查形容词辨析。句意：在这场爱心义卖的商品看起来很有趣。看，莉莉正在找一些特殊的东西。第一空的主语是the goods“商品”，所以应该用interesting来修饰，第二空考查固定搭配，形容词修饰不定代词应该放在不定代词的后面，所以应该用something special，故选D。
【答案】D
8．I will ask the volunteers_______ me_______ the door.
A. help; open B. to help; open C. help; to open D. help; with
【答案】B
9．My mother hopes you_______ to my home.
A. to come B. is going to come C. will come D. will can come
【答案】C
10．Do you often need help _______ your maths homework
A. to B. with C. from D. for
【答案】B
11．Miss Lu and her students_______ see a film.
A. shall go B. are going to C. is going to D. will to go
【答案】B
12．Millie, _______ her father, _______ watching TV at the weekend.
A. like, like B. like; likes C. likes; likes D. likes; like
【答案】B
13．Mike, with his brother, _______ the library tomorrow.
A. goes to visit B. go to visit C. is going to visit D. are going to visit
【答案】C
14．_______ sheep afraid of _______ tigers
A. Is, seeing B. Is: to see C. Are: seeing D. Are: to see
【分析】考查一般疑问句。句意：绵羊怕老虎吗？第一空考查sheep应该是单复同行的名词，所以be动词应该用are，第二空是固定搭配，be afraid of doing something，所以应该填seeing，故选C。
【答案】C
15．The club members each ________ ready ________ those who are in trouble.
A. is: helping B. are: helping C. is: to help D. are: to help
【分析】考查三单和固定搭配。句意：每一个俱乐部的成员都随时准备去帮助那些遇到困难的人。主语有each，所以后面的谓语动词应该用单数的形式，第二空是固定搭配，be ready to do something，准备做某事，所以第二空要用to help。故选D。
【答案】D
二、语法——一般将来时
1．基本结构
一般将来时有两种结构：be going to do / will do
例：We will have a picnic in the park this weekend.
=We are going to have a picnic in the park this weekend.
批注：如果主语是第一人称，句子是表示征求别人意见的一般疑问句时，用shall，will用于第二人称you, 而be going to则不能表示征求别人的意见。
例：Shall we go climbing tomorrow
Will you go shopping with me soon
2．用法详解
(1)将来要发生的动作。
例：We will have a writing competition next Sunday.
　 My mother will buy a coat for me. 　　　　
(2)将来一段时间内的状态。
例：I will work in the shop during this summer holiday.
(3)一般将来时的时间标志有：tomorrow, soon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, in two days, in 2020, next week等。
例：I will finish my work in two days.
　 We will take part in Mary’s birthday party tonight.
3．句式变化
(1)一般将来时的否定句：在be动词或者will后面直接加not。
例：He won’t go out because it is raining.
He isn’t going to play the piano this evening.
(2)一般将来时的一般疑问句：直接将be动词或will提前放到句首。
例：Will you have a test next week
Are you going to join us
(3)一般将来时的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词开头，后面加一般疑问句。
例：When will you finish your homework
4．特殊注意点
(1)主将从现：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来动作，主句用将来时。
例：If you work hard, you will get better grades.
　 If you eat too much, you will become fat.
(2)现在进行时表将来：如果该动作是计划安排好了的，且动词是come, go, arrive, leave, end, start, end等表示动向的动词时，可用现在进行时表将来。
例：Christmas is coming.
Mr. Smith is leaving for Beijing this evening.
(3)一般现在时表将来：第一种就是出现在主将从现原则中，其次考查较多的是时刻表。
例：The train leaves at three o’clock.
【巩固练习】
1．___ you ____ an English teacher when you grow up
A. Will; going to be B. Are; going to be C. Do; want to be D. Will; be
【分析】句意：当你长大，你想要当一名英语老师吗？
【答案】C
2．Why are you in such a hurry —There _____ a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 in ten minutes.
A. is going to be B. will have C. is going to have D. are going to be
【分析】本题考查There be 句型的将来时。There is going to be是固定句型，永远不会出现There is going to have 句型。
【答案】A
3．Jenny is _______. She is ready _______ others at all times.
A. helpful; to help B. help; to help C. helpful; helping D. help; helping
【分析】考查固定词组be ready to do sth 乐于做某事，be helpful乐于助人的。根据句意：珍妮是乐于助人的，她总是愿意帮助别人。所以选A。
【答案】A
4．I am lucky ____ a friend and ____ you.
A. have, like B. have, likes C. to have, like D. to have, likes
【分析】本题考查固定搭配+like的用法。be lucky to do sth.:很幸运做某事。like在句子中，表示‘像’。
【答案】C
当堂检测
一、词汇
1. I think the new songs by TFboys each ________ (sound)great.
2. If you ______(not be)careful, you won't pass tomorrow's English exam
3. Can you find anyone _______ (help)you with your history
4.My parents ask me __________(not worry) about the exam too much.
5.Are they busy ________ (practice) playing the piano
6.Be quick! Mille is waiting for us ________ (fly) kites in the park tomorrow.
7.I am afraid of ________(make)you feel sad again.
8 -Mike is having an important meeting at this moment. What about Simon
-He __________(show) his foreign friends around his working place.
9. Look at the dark clouds. Don't you think it _________ (rain)
10.We hope the doctors and nurses in Health center ________(help) the people in need.
11.There __________ (be) important meetings in the following month, aren’t they
12.Look, there are lots of students _________ (visit) the China Dinosaur Park.
13 These days the Class One students ______(plan)to hold a welcome party for the new students next week.
14. I don't know what _______(buy) for my mother as her birthday present.
【分析】1.考查谓语动词。这句话的主语是the new songs，所以后面的谓语动词应该用复数的形式，所以答案是.sound。
2.考查主将从现。If引导的从句应该用一般现在时的时态，根据语境，所以答案是aren’t。
3.考查固定搭配。Find sb. to do something，所以答案是.to help。
4.考查固定搭配。Ask sb. not to do something，叫某人不要做某事，所以答案是.not to worry。
5.考查固定搭配。Be busy doing something 是“忙于做某事”的意思，根据情境，此处是一直忙着练习弹钢琴，所以答案是practicing。
6.考查不定式表示目的。结合语境可知，这里是等我们去放风筝，所以答案是to fly。
7.考查固定搭配。Be afraid of doing，所以答案是making。
8.考查现在进行时。结合语境可知，是他正在干什么，所以答案是is showing。
9.考查一般将来时。有语境可知，天上有很多乌云，即将要下雨，所以要用一般将来时的时态，所以答案是is going to rain。
10.考查固定搭配。Hope后面加从句时，应该用一般将来时，多以答案是will help。
11.考查一般将来时。同时根据反义疑问句，可知答案是are going to be.
12.考查there be 句型。后面的动词应该用ing的形式，所以答案是visiting。
13.考查现在进行时。标志词是these days，应该用现在进行时，表示这些天一直在做的事情，所以答案是are planning。
14.考查特殊疑问词。特殊疑问词在句中，后面的动词应该用不定式是形式，所以答案是to buy。
【答案】1.sound 2. aren’t 3.to help 4.not to worry 5.practicing
6.to fly 7. making 8.is showing 9.is going to rain 10.will help
11.are going to be 12.visiting 13.are planning 14.to buy

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