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A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature of a traditional home in China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”, a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment. They are commonly seen in homes 56 (date) to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to house 57 (generation) of an extended family.
Although a skywell’s size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the core of a house, 58 enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Outdoor air being often cooler than indoor air, the incoming breeze 59 (travel) down the walls to the lower storeys, creating air circulation by replacing 60 (warm) indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) 61 harvest rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can block out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, 62 works just like a chimney.
Though they have been existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they 63 (forget) by people who prefer modern facilities. Over the past two decades, however, 64 consequence of a renewal of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making 65 comeback.
【素材来源：四校2024届高三年级第二学期期初测试英语试题】
【魔法带练】
A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature of a traditional home in China.
天井，又称“天井”，是中国传统住宅的典型特征。
Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”, a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment.
与中国北方的庭院或“元子”不同，天井较小，较少暴露于室外环境。
They are commonly seen in homes 56 (date) to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to house 57 (generation) of an extended family.
如果空格前面是名词，后面是短语或者句子，空格极有可能是非谓语动词或者关系代词引导定语从句
逻辑分析：非谓语动词做定语修饰homes所以变成dating;再者，which引导定语从句修饰dynasty;of所有格之后不定冠词表示泛指，所以逆向推导这是复数可数名词
Although a skywell’s size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the core of a house, 58 enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall.
逻辑分析：考察的是习语搭配either...or...
Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed.
在空调出现之前，人们设计天井是为了给建筑物降温。
When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening.
当风吹过天井房屋时，它可以通过开口进入室内空间。
Outdoor air being often cooler than indoor air, the incoming breeze 59 (travel) down the walls to the lower storeys, creating air circulation by replacing 60 (warm) indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
句子结构分析：outdoor air being...为句子的独立主格；句子的主干是the incoming air...;which引导定语从句修饰indoor air;所以59空填的是travels；然后用形容词比较格修饰indoor air
填入warmer;这个空格与cooler相对应的是outdoor air 与indoor air 相比较
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) 61 harvest rainwater.
如果空格前出现两个以及两个以上的逗号，如无意外都是并列的行文逻辑
逻辑分析：这是一个并列句所以采用and填入61空
In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can block out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool.
在徽州，天井小而高，天井周围的房间可以在炎热的日子阻挡阳光，使天井底部保持凉爽。
Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, 62 works just like a chimney.
因为空格后面是一个句子，所以which引导定语从句修饰the skywell
Though they have been existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they 63 (forget) by people who prefer modern facilities.
句子结构分析：who引导定语从句修饰people
句意：虽然它们在中国已经存在了数百年，但最近它们被喜欢现代设施的人们所遗忘。
逻辑分析：in recent times用现在时；所以have been existing 与前面的动词保持一致have been forgotten
however, 64 consequence of a renewal of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making 65 comeback.
请同学们注意空格后面是名词就要从介词或者形容词或者冠词，从这三方面选择，具体选择哪一个方面就要观察上下文以及行文逻辑。
64空考察的是习语搭配；in consequence of 因此；a comeback表示泛指
【逐句翻译】
A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature of a traditional home in China.
天井，又称“天井”，是中国传统住宅的典型特征。
【真题必考词汇】
typical adj.典型的; 特有的; 一贯的，平常的
This is a typical example of Roman pottery.
这是一件典型的罗马陶器。
feature n.特征; 五官; 特写; 正片，故事片
An interesting feature of the city is the old market.
这座城市的一个有趣特征就是古老的市场。
Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”, a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment.
【真题必考词汇】
different adj.有差别的，分别的; 各种的; 与众不同的
The programme was about customs in different parts of the country.
这个节目介绍全国各地的风俗习惯。
courtyard n.庭院; 天井
They walked through the arch and into the cobbled courtyard.
他们穿过拱门走进铺着鹅卵石的院子。
expose to 暴露于; 公开揭露
Do you know your partner in front, computer will expose to your privacy
你知道你眼前的伙伴(电脑或计算机)会暴露你的“多少”的隐私吗
outdoor adj.户外的; 室外的
There were outdoor cafes on almost every block.
几乎每个街区都有露天咖啡馆。
They are commonly seen in homes dating to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to house generations of an extended family.
句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰dynasty；dating to...非谓语动词做定语修饰homes
句意：它们在明清时期的房屋中很常见，这些房屋是为一个大家庭的几代人设计的。
【真题必考词汇】
date to =date back to 追溯到
The oldest deposits in the cave date back to 120,000 years ago.
这个山洞最早有人居住的日期大概是12万年前.
dynasty n.王朝; 朝代
The Bohai state was a state in thethe Tang Dynasty.
唐代的渤海国,是唐代羁縻州中的一员.
extend adj.延长的; 扩展了的
Obviously, any child who receives dedicated teaching over an extended period is likely to improve.(who引导定语从句修饰any child)
很明显，任何长期接受用心教育的孩子都有可能取得进步。
commonly adv.通常地; 一般地; 平凡地; 粗俗地
This is one of the most commonly used methods.
这是最常采用的方法之一。
family n.家（庭）; 子女; 祖先; (动植物的)科
I always think of you as one of the family .
我一直把你当成自家人。
Although a skywell’s size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the core of a house, either enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall.
句子结构分析：although引导让步状语从句；句子的主干是it is...
句意：虽然天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它总是矩形的，位于房屋的核心，要么被四面的房间包围，要么被三面加墙的房间包围。
【真题必考词汇】
1.skywell noun。天井
2.rectangular adj.<数> 矩形的; 成直角的; 直角坐标的; 长方
Each comb plate is a simple rectangular paddle composed of cilia.
每个栉板都是纤毛组成的矩形的桨.
locate in...在某一点设置; 在…定居
The head company decided to locate in Qingdao.
总公司决定设在青岛.
enclose v.围住，封闭; 随函附上
Make sure you enclose all the relevant certificates.
要保证把所有相关证书都放在里面。
Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed.
句意：在空调出现之前，人们设计天井是为了给建筑物降温。
【真题必考词汇】
Be designed to 目的是；被设计用于做
Each mirror is made to order and can be designed to almost any shape or size.
每面镜子都是定制的，几乎可以设计成任何形状和尺寸。
When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening.
句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句
句意：当风吹过天井房屋时，它可以通过开口进入室内空间。
Outdoor air being often cooler than indoor air, the incoming breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys, creating air circulation by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰indoor air;creating做伴随状语
句意：室外空气通常比室内空气更冷，吹来的微风沿着墙壁吹到较低的楼层，通过取代室内温暖的空气来创造空气循环，室内温暖的空气上升并通过开口离开。
【真题必考词汇】
travel down to 沿着.....往下行进
If lightening struck the conductor, it would travel down the wire to the ground.
如果闪电击中避雷器, 它就会沿着导线传到地面.
indoor adj.室内的，户内的; 在室内使用的; 待在家里的; 救济院内的
And by the way, riding the cycles of loe is definitely an indoor sport.
顺便说一下, 要跟上性爱周期的节奏,这种运动必须要在室内进行.
incoming adj.进来的，回来的; 即将就任的; 增殖的; （居民等）移来的
The airport was closed for incoming flights.
机场对进港航班关闭了。
strorey n.<英>楼层; 叠架的一层; “story”的变体
Air circulation 空气环流[循环]
On both sides of shutter vents allow air circulation.
两侧百叶窗式通风孔,便于空气流通.
opening n.开幕，开始; 空缺的职位; [商]开盘，交易开始时间; （职位的）空缺
We could see the stars through an opening in the roof.
我们从屋顶的小洞能看见星星。
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and harvest rainwater.
天井的主要目的是允许光线进入，改善通风(通风)和收集雨水。
【真题必考词汇】
ventilation n.空气流通; 通风设备; 通风方法; 公开讨论
【同义替换】air circulation 空气流通
The pit is ventilated by a steel fan.
矿井中用钢制通风机来保持空气流通。
purpose n.意图，计划; 情势需要; 重要意义; 意志
The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.
本书旨在全面介绍这所大学。
harvest v.收获; 捕猎; 采集; 获取
She had her eggs harvested and frozen for her own future use.
她的卵子已经采集下来，冷冻后以备她将来使用。
In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can block out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool.
在徽州，天井小而高，天井周围的房间可以在炎热的日子阻挡阳光，使天井底部保持凉爽。
Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell,which works just like a chimney.
句子结构分析：which引导定语从句修饰the skywell
与此同时，房屋内的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口逸出，这就像烟囱一样
【真题必考词汇】
rise v.上升; 提高，增长; 起床，站起来; 反抗; 耸立; 凸起; 脸红; 起源; 发酵; 散会; 复活
Tony had risen early and gone to the cottage to work.
托尼很早就起来去小屋干活了。
escape v.逃离; 摆脱; 幸免; 被…忘记; 逸出; 不自觉发出（声音）
They were glad to have escaped the clutches of winter for another year.
他们很高兴又一年躲过了寒冬的魔爪。
chimney n.烟囱; 狭孔
He threw the paper onto the fire and it flew up the chimney.
他把那张纸扔进火里，纸飘进了烟道。
Though they have been existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have been forgotten by people who prefer modern facilities.
句子结构分析：though引导让步状语从句；who引导定语从句修饰people
句意：虽然它们在中国已经存在了几百年，但最近它们被喜欢现代设施的人们所遗忘。
【真题必考词汇】
prefer v.较喜欢
I much prefer jazz to rock music.
我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐。
in recent times 最近
In recent times , pollution has gone from bad to worse all over the world.
近来污染在全世界日益严重.
Over the past two decades, however,in consequence of a renewal of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.
然而，在过去的二十年里，由于中国传统建筑的复兴，天井建筑又卷土重来。

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