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选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 单词讲解
awe v. 使敬畏；使惊叹； n. 惊叹，敬畏
She seemed awed by the presence of so many famous people.
见到这么多名人出席，似乎令她惊叹不已。
awesome adj. 令人惊叹的；使人惊惧的；很困难的；难得吓人的
an awesome sight 惊人的奇观
civilization noun 文明,文明社会 civilized adj. 文明的
preserve verb 保护，维护；维持　n. preservation environmental preservation 环境保护
preserve his reputation/peace 维护某人的名誉/和平
a well preserved house 保存完好的房子
urgent adj. 紧急的, 紧迫的； 催促的；急切的 urgence n. 紧急，紧急的事
in urgent need of protection 紧急需要保护
urge that sb should do sth敦促，催促，力劝
The report urged that all children be taught to swim.
这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。
wear down︱wear sth down 使磨损，逐渐磨平
wear out︱wear sth out　磨破，穿破；使筋疲力尽
wear and tear noun [U] （正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗，损坏
The long-term natural forces can gradually wear down heritage sites.
长期的自然力量能够逐渐侵蚀遗址。
He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿坏了两双鞋。
You'll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard.
你要是继续这样拼命工作，身体会吃不消的。
ruin verb ①毁坏；破坏；②使破产（或失去地位）；毁灭
noun ①[U]毁坏；破坏；毁灭　
fall into ruin/ in ruins　成为废墟/ 毁灭；严重受损；破败不堪
The bad weather ruined our trip. 天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
Years of fighting have left the area in ruins. 经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。
incredible adj. ①不能相信的；难以置信的 ②极好的；极大的 incredibly adv.
violence noun暴力；暴行violently adv. ①强烈地；激烈地　②猛烈地；厉害地 violent adj.
conflict noun 冲突；战斗; 争论；矛盾；不一致 verb 冲突；抵触　~ (with sth)
in conflict with sb / sth
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧
civil adj. 国民的，平民的；国家的；民事的（非刑事的）
civil wars/ cases 内战/民事案件
internal adj. 内部的；国内的　OPP external
internal structure/ reasons 内部结构/ 原因
outcome noun 结果；效果
nail noun ①指甲；趾甲　②钉；钉子
verb（用钉子）钉牢，固定
a nail in sb's/sth's coffin 导致失败的事物；导致某事终结之物
assess verb 评估，评定（性质、质量）；估算
assessment noun 看法；评价= evaluation
I'd assess your chances as low. 我估计你的机会不大。
collapse verb （突然）倒塌，坍塌；昏倒
The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
collapsed adj. collapsed buildings　坍塌的建筑物
consultation noun [U]咨询；商讨；就诊
consult verb咨询；请教　~ sb｜~ sb about sth
suspend verb 悬，挂；暂停
Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out.
在进行安全检查期间生产暂停。
division noun 分开，分隔；分歧（between...and...) divide v. 分开，区分
cooperation noun 合作，协作；协助，配合
the international cooperation　国际合作
cooperate verb 合作；协作　~ (with sb)
cooperative adj. 合作的；协作的；同心协力的
interrupt verb 插嘴，打扰；使暂停，使中断 interruption
The were interrupted by a knock at the door. 他们被敲门声打断了。
conservation noun [U] 保护；保持
conservation area noun 保护区
conserve verb ①节省；节约　~ sth　②保护；保存；保藏　~ sth
motion noun 提议，动议；运动；动作 motionless adj. 静止的；一动不动的
put forward a motion 提出一项动议
reserve verb 预订，预约（座位、席位、房间等），保留（某种权利）
You can reserve seats over the telephone. 你可以打电话预订座位。
I'd prefer to reserve (my) judgement until I know all the facts.
在了解全部事实之前我不想发表意见。
All rights reserved.　版权所有。
n. （动植物）保护区；自然保护区 nature reserve 自然保护区
reservation noun 预订；预约　make a reservation
intense adj. 很大的；十分强烈的　；激烈的；有强烈感情（或意见、想法）的
intense heat/cold/pain 酷热；严寒；剧痛
intense competition 激烈的竞争
an intense look 热切的神情
primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的；落后的 primitively adv.
humble adj. 谦逊的,谦卑的　= modest
verb 使感到卑微，使感到自惭
He was humbled by her generosity. 她的大度使他觉得自己渺小。
humbly adv. humility n. 　谦逊；谦虚
pursue verb 追求；致力于, 执行；追逐
pursue a goal 追求目标
She travelled the world in pursuit of her dreams. 她走遍天下，追寻她的梦想
submit verb ①提交，呈递（文件、建议等）
submit an application呈递申请书
② 顺从；屈服；投降 ~ yourself to sth / submit to sth
She refused to submit to threats. 她面对威胁，拒不低头。
He submitted himself to a search by the guards. 他只好让卫兵搜查
submission noun 屈服；投降；归顺　
emerge verb 出现；露出；露头 ~ (from sth)｜~ (into sth)
The swimmer emerged from the lake. 游泳者从湖水中浮出来。
We emerged into bright sunlight. 我们来到明媚的阳光下。
assign assignment noun （分派的）工作，任务
verb ①分配（某物）；分派，布置（工作，任务等）~ sth (to sb)︱~ sb sth
The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.
老师给每个儿童布置的作业都不相同
②指定；指派　~ sb (to sth / as sth)︱~ sb to do sth
They've assigned their best man to the job. 他们指派了最优秀的人担任这项工作。
take shape　成形；有了模样
Our plan is beginning to take shape.
我们的计划开始成形了。
string noun ①弦；线；②一系列；一连串；一批　
a piece of string　一段细绳 a string of pearls 一串珍珠
expansion noun 扩展；扩大；膨胀
a period of rapid economic expansion 经济迅猛发展期
expand verb ①扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性）
A child's vocabulary expands through reading. 孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。
initiative noun 倡议；新方案；主动性
initial adj. 最初的 initially adv.
entry noun 进入（指权利、机会）　~ (to / into sth)
参与；加入（指权利、机会）；参赛
No Entry　禁止入内
She made her entry to the sound of thunderous applause. 她在雷鸣般的掌声中上了场。
ban verb（-nn-） 禁止（某人）做某事（或去某处等）
ban/prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth
He was banned from driving for six months. 他被禁止驾驶六个月。
noun 禁令　~ (on sth)
lift a ban on sth解除对...禁令

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