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2024年冲刺中考---动词及动词短语辨析
知识导图
1.动词的分类
实义动词：及物动词，不及物动词
系动词：be 动词，感官动词，get/become/tum
助动词：do,does,did, will, would, have, has, had
情态动词：can,may, must 等
2.动词/动词词义辨析：关键是根据上下文读懂语境，理解词义。
3.动词短语辨析：关键是通过语境辨析动词短语的不同搭配，分三种类型记忆（1）同一介词/副词型（2）同一动词型（2）混合型
up 短语
cheer up 使振奋
clean up 清理
catch up 赶上
cut up 切碎
dress up 打扮
end up 结束
get up 起床
give up 放弃
go up 上升
grow up 长大
hurry up 赶快
look up 查阅；抬头看
make up 编造；组成
pick up 捡起
put up 张贴
set up 建立；开办
show up 出现；露面
take up 占据
stay up 熬夜
turn up 出现；发生
wake up 醒来
out 短语
blow out 吹灭
break out 爆发
bring out 使显现
cut out 切断；删除
come out 出现；出版
die out 灭绝；消失
find out 查明；发现
hang out 闲逛
leave out 遗漏，省去
look out 当心
point out 指出
put out 熄灭
run out 用光，用尽
sell out卖完，售光
work out 算出；解决
about 短語
argue about 争论
care about 关心；在意
hear about 听说
learn about 了解
think about 思考：思索
bring about 帯来；造成
dream about 梦想；梦到
know about 了解
talk about 谈论
worry about 担心
at 短语
shout at 沖……大声叫嚷
knock at 敲……
laugh at 嘲笑，取笑
smile at 对……微笑
call at 拜访，访问；停靠（车站）
arrive at 到达（小地方）
point at 指向
off 短語
break off 突然中止，中断
clean off 扫除，擦去
fall off 跌落；下降；减少：离开
give off 发出；放出
pay off 偿清（欠款等）
show off 炫耀
ring off 挂断电话，停止讲话
sel off 出发，动身前往
cut off 切除
keep off 避开，不接近
put off 推退
nun off 跑掉，迅速离开
look 短语
look after 照顾；照看
look around（四处）转转；参观
look for 寻找；寻求
look into 调查；观察
look like 看起来像
look out 小心；注意
look over 检查
look through 快速查看；浏览
look up（在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅；抬头看
look down upon 瞧不起；看低
look forward to 盼望；期待
look up to 钦佩；仰慕
turn 短语
tum down 调低；关小
turn in 上交
turn into 变成
tum off 关掉
turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）：打开（2014A.3g
turn out 结果是tum to 转向；求助于
turn up 开大；调高
come 短语
come across（偶然）遇见
come back 回来；回想起
come along 出现
come down 降落；落下
come from 来自
come in 进来
come out 出現：出版
come on 赶快；加油
come over 来访
come up to 共计：到
come up with 想出；提出（生意、计划等）
get 短语
gel away 逃离
get back 回来
get in 进人；到达；收获
get on 上车
gel off 下年
get out 离开，出去
get over 克服
get to 到达
get up 起床；站起
get into 人；参与
get out of 离开：从 出来
get used to 习惯于
get in the way 挡 的路：妨碍
get on/along with 和睦相处；关系良好
give短语
give away 捐赠
give in 屈服，让步
give out 散布，分发
give back 归还；交还
give back还给，归还
give off发出（光、热等）
give up 放弃
put 短语
put away 收起来
put back 放回原处
put down写下，记下
put into... 将 放入
put on 穿上；上演；（体重）增加
put out 熄灭；扑灭
put off 推迟
put up 搭建；张贴；举起
take 短语
take after（外貌或行为）像
take away 带走，拿走
take down 拆除；住下拽；记录
take in 吸人；吞入（体内）
take off 起飞；脱掉
take on 承担
take up 占据；开始做
take out 带出
take over 接收；接管
专项训练
1. The drivers must________the traffic rules if they want to be safe on the road.
A. follow
B. break
C. make
2. You are full of energy and thirsty for knowledge, so it is no wonder that you can________.
A. succeed
B. finish
C. suggest
3. Sometimes life isn't as perfect as we.________We may face many difficulties in our life.
A. catch
B. mind
C. imagine
4. Through these stories, we would deeply ________China's culture, history and tradition.
A. understand
B. search
C. compare
5. Don't________the chance when you can catch it, or you will regret one day.
A. choose
B. miss
C. give
6. —Hi Linda, sorry to________you. Could I borrow your camera
—OK, here you are. But you have to return it this Friday.
A. refuse
B. warn
C. trouble
7. It was hard to________my joy with words when 1 was admitted to an American university.
A. choose
B. describe
C. improve
8. My little brother________painting very much. So my parents send him to the art school.
A. likes
B. hates
C. begins
9. Please smile when you feel down! Smile can help you________your sadness.
A. accept
B. remember
C. forget
10. I had trouble________English, and my English teacher advised me to go to the English corner to talk with others.
A. saying
B. telling
C. speaking
11. —Do you enjoy Chinese folk songs
—Yes, the folk songs ________nice.
A. sound
B. smell
C. look
12. The air in the morning is so fresh in the countryside that________early to exercise.
A. get up
B. turn up
C. dress up
13. When the best singer________in our class, everyone shouted in excitement.
A. picked up
B. took up
C. showed up
14. My grandpa always________at six in the morning. He plays Tai Chi in the yard to keep fit.
A. wakes up
B. cheers up
C. looks up
15. We always________our classroom every afternoon,which makes us study in a comfortable environment.
A. set up
B. clean up
C. put up
16. In a soccer game, it's important for players to play together and________ the best in each other.
A. run out
B. leave out
C. bring out
17. By reading stories of successful people, we can learn a lot from their experiences and________
their secrets to
success.
A. pick out
B. try out
C. find out
18. Students' life shouldn't just be about grades. Free time activities like sports and________with friends are important, too.
A. hanging out
B. setting out
C. coming out
19. Many people still don't have enough clean drinking water, so we should________how to save water.
A. bring about
B. dream about
C. think about
20. We have never visited the museum, but we have ________it for several times.
A. asked about
B. heard about
C. written about
21. Tell me when you will________the airport. I'd like my brother to pick you up then.
point at
shout at
arrive at
22. Listen! Is there someone_______the door You'd better go and have a look.
A. calling at
B. knocking at
C. smiling at
23. Although the two good friends moved to different countries, they haven't________their relationship.
A. cut off
B.broken off
C. shown off
24. Please
the dangerous animals when you are________taking a close-up photo with them.
A. keep off
B. fall off
C. pay off
25. These children live far away from school. They ________very early every day.
A. run off
B. clean off
C. set off
26. I lost my wallet.I________it everywhere but I still couldn't find it.
A. looked after
looked through
C. looked for
27. You can________new words in your e-dictionary. It is very convenient.
A.look up
look into
look over
28. —Peter,_______! There's a car coming on your way.
—OK! Thank you for reminding me.
A. look like
B. look down
C. look out
29. To avoid making mistakes, you should________your test paper carefully before handing it in.
A. look around
B. look over
C. look after
30. Don't forget to________the lights when they are not in use!
A. turn over
B. turn off
C. turn up
31. —Would you like to attend the party next week, Mr.Smith
—Sure, I'd love to. I have no reason to________your invitation.
A. turn into
B. turn to
C. turn down
32. —Do you remember our middle school classmate Jane
—Of course. She has been in America for 4 years. But she________last month.
A. came back
B. came on
C. came out
33. If you have nothing to do this evening, you can________ and have dinner with us.
A. come across
B. come over
C. come along
34. Please________the bus quickly. The door is going to close.
A. get over
B. get on
C. get to
35. No matter how far away or how busy we are, we should try to________to spend more time with our family.
A. get back
B. get away
C. get in
36. In order to keep us from________traffic accidents, we mustn't play with our cellphones when crossfily the road.
A. getting into B. getting off
C. getting out
37. For the old man's health, the doctor advises him to________smoking.
A. give off
B. give up
C. give away
38. In the face of difficulty, never________succeed sooner or later.
A. give in
B. give back
C. give out
39. Don't________today's work till tomorrow. Today's work must be done today.
A. put on
B. put down
C. put off
40. A primary school in England has________signs at its three entrances, saying: Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put back
41. I am going to________a new hobby like swimming or dancing this summer holiday.
A. take over
B. take up
C. take after
42. —Jack, can you help me to________the rubbish when you leave the room
—Of course, Mum.
A. take off
B. take down
C. take out
43. We shouldn't________disabled people. Instead, we should care about and be friendly to them.
A. worry about
B. talk to
C. laugh at
44. —Hi, Lucy! How do you study for a test
—Well, most of the time by________ the notes and reading the textbook.
starting with
going over
C. handing in
45. Life is a journey with troubles, but with care and wisdom you can________any problem you face.
A. agree with
B. work out
C.search for
46. Fighting for your dreams is like climbing a mountain. Whatever difficulties you meet, don't give up. Just________.
A. move on
B. break out
C. take in
47. Mike________his computer and checked his e-mail as soon as he came back.
A. turned on B. shut off
C. looked through
48. I think you'd better________before giving your answer. This problem is not so easyfly you think.
A. go across
B. think over
C. cut down
答案：1. A 2. А 3. С 4. A5. В 6. С 7. В 8. А С 9.C 10. С 11. А12. А 13. С 14. А 15. В16. C 17. C 18.A 19. С 20. В 21. С 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C.26. C 27. A 28. C 29.B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. A 37.В 38. А 39. С 40. В 41. В 42. С 43. С 44. В 45. В 46. А 47. А 48. В

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