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Unit 4(1)
重点 祈使句（Imperative Sentence） ●定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。 ●祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。 ●祈使句的肯定句：行为动词原形+其他 Eg:Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。——命令 Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet.请安静。——请求 　 Be kind to our sister.对姐妹要和善。——劝告 Watch your steps.走路小心。——警告 　 Look out！Danger！小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句 　 Keep off the grass.勿践草坪。——禁止 No parking.禁止停车。——禁止 ●以Let开头的祈使句，Let后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not, Eg: Let’s not do that again.我们别再那样做了。 如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let前加助动词Don’t, Eg: Don’t let them come in.别让他们进来。 ●祈使句的否定通常使用“Don't …”，Don't+动词原形（行为动词/be动词）+其他 Eg: Don't let the dog in.不要让那只狗进来。 Don't touch, please.请不要用手触摸。 Don't be silly.别傻了。 ●祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如： Eg: You go and tell him, Chris.克立斯你去告诉他。 【典型例题】 1>________late for class! A. Don’t B. Not be C. Don’t be 2>________worry about me Mom. I’ve grown up. A. Don’t B. Don’t be C. Not D. Not be 3>Run in the hallways.（改为否定句） ________ ________in the hallways.
难 点 1.Don’t fight.不要打架。 fight作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought. ●fight for“为…而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。 Eg: They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。 ●fight against“为反对…而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。 Eg: They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。 ●fight with“和…打架”，“同…（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。 Eg: Don’t fight with him.不要和他打架。 【典型例题】They fought ________the Italians in the last war, but ________them in this war. A. with; with B. with; for C. against ; against D. with; against 2.●on time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。 Eg: He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。 ●in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。 Eg: Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。 3.hear、listen和sound 都有"听"的意思，但三者是有区别的： ? ●hear"听说"?侧重于"听"的内容。 Eg: I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了?我很难过。 I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。 ? ●listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。 Eg: Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。 The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。 ●sound"听起来"?它是系动词?后面接形容词等。 Eg: That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。 It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。 【典型例题】________carefully, or you are not able to _______anything. (be able to do sth能够做…) A. Hear; listen B. Listen; hear C. Hear; listen D. Listen; listen
练习题（1）
一．单项选择
( )1._______ eat in the classroom. A. Not B. No C. Don’t
( )2.We must come to school _________. A. in time B. on time C. late
( )3.Don’t _______music in class. A. listen B. listen to C. hear
( )4.We can’t eat ________. A. in class B. in the class C. in classroom
( )5.I like math and I ____like P.E. A. too B. either C. also
( )6.I don’t like English____ music. A. and B. or C. either
( )7.---Can I eat in class ---________
A. No, you can’t. B. No, I can’t. C. No, you don’t.
( )8.We can’t go home late ____school days. A. at B. in C. on
( )9.Please____to me. A. to listen B. listens C. listen
( )10.It take him two hours_______.
A. watch TV B. watching TV C. watches TV D. to watch TV
二．完形填空
Mary is an American __1__. She is now in Beijing with __2__parents. Mary doesn't know Chinese, but she is trying to study and __3__ it.
It's Sunday morning. She goes out. She is going to the __4__to see the elephants and monkeys, but she doesn't know how to get __5__. She asks a__6__schoolboy. The boy can't understand her. Then she takes out a pen and a piece of__7__. She__8__ an elephant on it, and shows the__9__ to the boy. The boy smiles and then he shows Mary the __10__ to the zoo.
( )1. A. schoolboy B. schoolgirl C. teacher D. worker
( )2.A. his　 B. she　 C. him　 D. her
( )3.A. speak B. say　 C. tell　 D. see
( )4.A. farm B. school C. zoo D. factory
( )5.A. the park B. there C. the school D. the farm
( )6.A. English B. American C. Australian D. Chinese
( )7.A. paper B. book C. pencil D. eraser
( )8.A. writes B. Puts C. draws D. sees
( )9.A. monkey B. horse C. picture D. dogs
( )10.A. way B. picture C. elephant D. park
三．阅读理解
Christina is an American girl. She is a good student. Every morning she gets up at 6:00. She has her breakfast at home. The she wears her uniform and goes to school. She studies hard every day. She eats in the dining room when she is in school. After school, she does her homework first, then she cleans the room and helps her mother with the dinner. Before she goes to bed, she usually reads some books. Then at 10:00 p. m. she goes to bed. She thinks she is happy every day. What do you think
( )1.Christina is a (an) _______ girl.
A. English B. Chinese C. American D. Japanese
( )2.When she is in school, she eats ______.
A. in the hallways B. in the dining room C. in hotel D. in the classroom
( )3.Does she wear her uniform in school
A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn’t. C. I don’t know. D. OK!
( )4. After school, what does she do first
A. She watches TV. B. She does her homework. C. She eats.
( )5. What does she do before she goes to bed
She watches TV. B. She reads some books. C. She goes for a walk.
U4（2）
重点 情态动词have to 的用法：意思是"必须、不得不"?它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。 ? ●结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他 ? ●一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用has to，其它时候用have to（过去时：无论人称和单复数都用had to.） Eg: We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上?我们必须穿运动鞋。 Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。 （I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一我不得不早上5点起床。） ? ●否定形式:主语+don't have to+动词原形+其他? ●一般现在时:主语是第三人称单数时用doesn't have to,其它时候用don't have to. (过去时: 无论人称和单复数都用didn't have to)? Eg: Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。 We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。 ? ●疑问句：Do 、Does或Did+主语+have to +动词原形+其他 Eg:---Do you have to stay at home on weekends 周末你必须呆在家里吗? ---Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的?我必须。不?我不必。 Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night 昨晚?他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？ 【典型例题】Lucy has to wear sports shoes for gym class.(该为否定句) Lucy ________ ________ to wear sports shoes for gym class.? 2.情态动词must的用法： must表示说话人的主观看法，及主观上的必要性，还用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must. 在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。 Eg: You must finish your homework fist.你必须先完成作业。 表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。 Eg: The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。 以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用needn’t（不必要），不用mustn’t（不允许），mustn’t常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。 Eg:---Must I go there on foot 我必须得走过去吗？ ---No, you needn’t.不，你不需要。 You mustn’t park your car here.你的车不允许停在这儿。 【典型例题】It’s very warm outside. You ________wear the coat. have to B. hadn’t C. don’t have to D. mustn’t
难 点 辨析take,bring ●take“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方。 Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom 你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？ ●bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。 Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.请你明天把作业带到这儿来。 2.●be strict with sb “对某人严厉” Eg:Mr. White is very strict with us. 怀特先生对我们要求很严格。 We should be strict with ourselves. 我们应该对自己要求严格。 ●be strict in (doing) sth “对某事要求严格” Eg:Our boss is strict in our work. 我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。 3.remember“记得，记住”，是及物动词，可以直接加名词。 ●remember doing sth记得已做某事（已做） Eg:I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。 ●remember to do sth 记得要做某事（还没做） Eg:Remember to post the letter for me.记得给我寄这封信。 ●forget“忘记，忘了”，作remember反义词时，用法和remember相同。 4.help作动词意为“帮助”，常用的结构有： ●help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 ●help sb with sth(n.)帮助某人做某事
练习题（2）
一． 单词变化
1.rule(复数)_________ 2.outside(反义词) _________ 3.wash(单三)__________
4.get to (同义词)________ 5. late(反义词)________ 6.loud (副词)________
7.could (原形)_____ 8.with（反义词）_______ 9.piano(复数) ______
10.snow (形容词) _________
二．单词填空
1.We have to wear sports shoes for g______ class.
2.You’d better not break the r_________.
3. ________ (not fight ) with each other in the classroom.
4.We can eat in the d_________ hall every day
5.Don’t run in the h__________ . It’s dangerous.
6.No _________(talk) in class!
7.Grace is wearing the school u_______ today.
8.The girl often comes back early on s_________ nights.
9.What _______your teacher look like She is tall and thin.
10. _______(read) in the sun is bad for your eyes.
三．选择填空
（ ）1.We can eat in the cafeteria. But we _______ eat in the classroom.
A. don’t B. didn’t C. can’t D. aren’t
( )2.When Jim goes ________ the classroom the teacher is having class.
A. to B. in C. out D. into
( )3.-_______ I take some photos in the hall –No, you_________.
A. Can, needn’t B. Must, mustn’t C. Could, won’t D. May, mustn’t
( )4.Don’t forget________ me this evening.
A. to call B. call C. calls D. calling
( )5.Don’t talk ________ in the library.
A. loud B. loudly C. low D. lowly
( )6.I have _______ rules in my home. We have ________ homework to do today. A.too many, too much B. too much , many too
C. too many, much too D. much too, many too
( )7.-Can your brother swim -________.
A. Yes, he can’t B. Yes, please . C. No, he can’t D. Yes, he does
( )8.It’s raining all day , so I ________ stay at home.
A. must B. have to C. must to D. can
( )9.He’s never ________ class.
A. arrive B. late for C. arrive late D. late
( )10.He has to _______ by 10:00 o’clock.
be in bed B. is bed C. stay bed D. lie bed
U4（3）
重点 重点短语： 1.school rules 学校规章制度 2.break（fallow/keep）the rules 违反(遵守)规章制度 3. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到 4.dining hall饭厅，餐厅 5. in class 在课堂上 6.on time准时（in time及时） 7. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 8.. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子 9.. listen to… 听… 10.school uniforms校服 11. wear uniforms穿制服 12.I see我明白了 13. have to do 不得不做 14.be（keep）quiet保持安静 15.according to根据，依据 16.make （up）ruler 制订规则 17.share （sth ）with sb和某人分享（…） 18. on school days在上学期间 19. on school nights在校期间的晚上 20. practice (playing) the piano 练习弹钢琴 [practice doing … 练习做…] 21.go out外出 22.see friends看望朋友 23.clean (one’s) room打扫房间 24.do the dishes洗餐具 25. too many/much太多的(可数/不可数 ) 26.make (one’s) bed铺床 27.go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上） 28.think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事） 29.be strict (with sb)对某人）要求严格 30.learn to do sth学（做某事） 31. Don't talk. = No talking.不要说话。
难 点 1.too many, too much与much too 易混词组意义及用法例句too many形容词，“太，太多”，接可数名词There are too many people in the park.too much形容词，“太多”，接不可数名词I have too much homework today.much too副词，“太，非常”，接形容词或副词My mother is much too busy.
【典型例题】 I have ________skirts and this one is ________large for me, so you can take it if you like. A. too many; too much B. too much; much too C. too many; much too 2.either,too与also 易混词意义及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末时用“，”隔开I won’t go there, either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing, too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.
【典型例题】 I don’t like her, ________. A. also B. too C. either D. to 10.have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得开心，过得愉快 3.be in bed "在床上、卧床"，in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。 Eg:He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。 Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。 ?. 4 .No talking ! "禁止交谈。"no后面加上名词或动名词doing也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。 Eg: No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞? No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!?
练习题（3）
一．单选
( )1.Don’t arrive late for class, ________
A. do you B. aren’t you C. will you D. don’t you
( )2.” No______ !” says the sign.
A. smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. to smoke
( )3.His mother is ill _________ for two days.
A. in bed B. on bed C. in the bed D. on the bed
( )4.-Can you cook fish - ________. It’s easy.
A. No, I can’t B. Yes, I can C. Sorry, I can’t D. Yes, I need
( )5.-What did Mary have ______breakfast this morning -She got up late and hurried to school ____breakfast.
A. for, without B. at, without C. for , after D. at, after
( )6.This problem is too difficult. _________ students can work it out.
A. A few B. Few C. A little D. Little
( ) 7. Don’t worry! There is _________ much wrong with you.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
( )8. I hear there is going to ________ a film tomorrow.
A. is B. be C. have D. has
( )9.Do you want ________
A. else anything B. anything else C. something else D. other anythings
( )10.The doctor asked him to stay ________ for two or three days.
A. in bed B. on bed C. in the bed D . on the bed
二．根据汉语提示写出正确的单词
I learn how to use the computer(电脑) and I ________(感受；觉得)very happy.
He looks nice because he ________(穿) a new hat.
My ______(头发)is yellow, but his is black.
I think red can bring good ________(运气) to me.
You can’t eat _______(在外面).It’s dirty for you.
三．句型转换
You can’t listen to music in the hallways.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ to music in the hallways.
I have to get up at six.(改为一般疑问句)
________you________ to get up at six
I can eat in the dining hall.(就换线部分提问) ________ ________you eat
We have to clean the room.(就划线部分提问) ________do you have to ________
late, can’t, arrive, for, we, school(连词成句)
________________________________________________
四．根据汉语完成句子
1.我不得不做英语作业。 I _______ ________ do my English homework.
2.我觉得我家的约束太多了。I think I have ________ ________ rules in my house.
3.我晚上10：00 前必须上床睡觉。
I have to ______ in bed _________ ten o’clock in the evening.
4.你认为你的英语课怎么样？What do you ________ ________ your English class
5．我们不能在教室里吃东西。 We can’t ________ in the ____________.
6.放学后我得练弹钢琴 I ________ ________ practice the piano _________ school.
7.有课的晚上我们不应该看电视。
We shouldn’t _________ TV ________ school ___________.
十点钟前你必须得睡觉吗？
_______ you _______ _______be ______ ______ _____10:00
音乐课上我们可以唱歌跳。
We ________ sing and dance _________ _________ class.
10.我们可以在食堂吃饭。 We _________ eat in the school ___________ hall.

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