资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Revision:Task-based Reading
任务型阅读专题复习
考情概览：
依据2017年重庆市初中英语教研工作会提出的2018年任务型阅读题的分值由8分增加到9分，其中最后一道开放性试题的分值由2分到3分。
此情况一直延续到2020年。
分析重庆近几年真题可知，任务型阅读的命题特点如下：
年份 2019 2018 2017
题量 4 4
分值 9分（67题半开放性2分，68题开放性试题分值3分） 9分（开放性试题分值增加1分） 8
设题特点 1道一般疑问句； 2道特殊疑问句（疑问词不重复）； 1道开放性试题 1道一般疑问句； 2道特殊疑问句（疑问词不重复）； 1道开放性试题 1道一般疑问句；
2道特殊疑问句（疑问词不重复）；
1 道开放性试题
文章特点 1. 词数：170-270词；生词量：0-5个；段落4-9段； 2. 文体：记叙文和说明文居多； 3. 话题：教育引导（8年3考）、人物故事（8年3考）、学校生活（2016A, 2013 B）、文化类（2016 B, 2015 A）和幽默故事（2013A）。 2015-2016 2012-2014
4 3
8 6
1道一般疑问句； 3道特殊疑问句（疑问词不重复） 1道一般疑问句；2道特殊疑问句（疑问词不重复）
“任务型阅读”分析
“初中英语阅读教学中如何设计问题链，帮助学生建立正确的思维路径？”
按照问题与阅读文本之间的关系，将问题分为三大类型：
问题类型 文本显性问题 文本隐性问题 超越文本问题 认知层次 识记 理解 应用 分析 综合 评价
思维层次 concrete thinking （基础性思维） critical thinking （批判性思维） creative thinking （创造性思维） 归纳和整合信息并综合运用语言2019(67.)发表自己观点并阐明理由2019(68.)任务型阅读认知能力：辩证地看待问题做出自己的回答。 In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员) on Emergency(急救) Center of the city.
Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas.
“A dispatcher’s job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in the center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.”
Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.
After many years’ hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can’t tell clearly where he is, but it doesn’t matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him.
“We are trying to be quicker than Death,” says Liang.
Passage 1 (2019重庆A卷)
65. Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong
___________________________________________
【解析】细节理解题。
从文章第三段第一句“A dispatcher’s job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center.可知答案。
Yes./Yes, he was.
解题方法与技巧
分析重庆任务型阅读的特点可知，设题形式可归为三大类： 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句及开放性试题，每类解题方法与技巧具体如下：
一、一般疑问句
一般疑问句通常为细节理解题，此时应带着问题回到原文找答案，回答方式见下表，也可用简略回答yes 或者no.
构成 肯定回答 否定回答
be+主语+（现在，过去分词）+其他？ Yes, 主语+be. No,主语+be+ not.
助动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词+其他？ Yes, 主语+助动词. No, 主语+助动词+not.
情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ Yes, 主语+情态动词. No, 主语+情态动词+not.
66. When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start
__________________________________________
In 2007.
【解析】细节理解题。从文章第三段第二节She has been working in the center since it started in 2007.可知答案。
答案在原文中直接找出。
67. To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinzhong do
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They remember every corner of the city through hand-made maps, and dispatch emergency medical workers to the right place as soon as possible.
根据 Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand. After many years‘ hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can’t tell clearly where he is, but it doesn‘t matter. As long as he describes the buildings around , the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him ．虽然现在该中心有电子地图， 但调度员仍然要穿过街道，手工绘制地图．经过多年的努力，调度员们把这座城市的每一栋建筑和每一条街道都记在心里． 他们甚至知道汽车是否能进入建筑物的大门． 有时打电话的人不能清楚地说出他在哪里， 但这并不重要． 只要他描述周围的建筑调度员可以向他派遣急救医务人员． 可知他们通过手工制作的地图
记住城市的每一个角落，并尽快将急救医务人员派往正确的地方
半开放性问题：在结合原文的基础上，进行归纳总结或转述句子，在不失原意的基础上把答案正确表达出来。
半开放试题：归纳总结
特殊疑问词 答题要点
What （8次） 回答细节：回归原文寻找与题干相关的具体要点。
Why （2次） 回答原因：寻找与题干构成因果关系的要点。
Where （3次） 回答地点：用表示地点的介词短语或地点名词。
When （3次） 回答时间：用表示时间的介词短语。
Who （3次） 回答人物：寻找与题干表述相似的原句，根据主语判断是否为该人物。
How (1次) 回答方式或感觉：寻找促成题干中做某件事情的方式；寻找个人观点或感觉的表达。
how long (1次) 回答时间或距离的长短；寻找与题干事件相关的时间或距离。
how many （3次） 回答数量：寻找与数量相关的表达。
how old 回答年龄：寻找与年龄相关的表达
Tips：有的题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；
对于半开放性问题，需要进行归纳总结或转述句子，在不失原意的基础上把答案正确表达出来。
二、特殊疑问句
回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。
(1)问目的，就应当用 for短语，to do不定式短语等来回答；
(2)问原因，就应当用 because of 短语或because 从句来回答；
(3)问方式，就应当用 By doing来回答；
(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。
(5)提问词是what 只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;
特殊疑问句解题技巧
68. Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
【解析】开放性试题。
言之有理即可。
Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes.
No. Because electronic maps are easier to use and can show the latest road situation.
开放性试题(opening questions)
①半开放性试题： organized facts from the passage.(材料信息归纳与整合)
②开放性试题：opinion based on the facts from the passage and also experience from your own(基于文章事实和个人经验得出观点或读后感。)
Step1：Reading 阅读
Step2：Thinking 思考
Step3：Creating 创造
Find the facts 找出要点
Organize the facts 组织要点
解题思路：
1、Opinion 给出自己的观点
2、Reasons 给出自己的理由
注意：
1、Language 语言正确、无语法，拼写等错误；
2、Attitude 态度积极向上
Connect the facts 连接要点
二、主要题型及易错点辨析
1. 年龄的回答
The twin sisters like moving to the music. When they were only three years old , they began to learn dancing. They learned the moves mostly by watching dance videos online.
-How old were they when they began to learn dancing
-_________________________.
2. 对why的回答
Zony and Yony first gained attention on the Internet for their dancing to Korean pop songs. Seeing the two girls are so popular with people on the Internet because of their videos, Ellen DeGeneres, the hostess of the talk show, invited them to perform on her show.
-What was the reason why they could gain attention on the Internet first
-___________________________________________________
They were 3 years./ 3./ 3 years old.
The reason is their dancing to Korean pop songs.
3. 简答
Have you heard of Mary and Tom They are American boys. They have been the TV stars since they were nine months old.
-Where were Mary and Tom born
-_______________________
4. 对时间段提问
Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and are burnt by the sun.
-How long do Pi and the tiger spend in the lifeboat
-_______________________________（一段时间前要加for）
5. 答案的完整
Only Pi and the tiger are left alive. He feeds fish to the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and his knowledge of animals from the zoo to control the tiger.
-How does he control the tiger
-________________________________________________
In America.
227 days.
He feeds fish...to control…./ By feeding…
6. 表范围的词不能省
Umbrellas could be one of the world’s most important inventions. The first umbrella was invented over four thousand years ago.
-When was the first umbrella invented
-___________________________________________
7. 名词问，代词答
Some schools even have special football class for students. In April this year, some students took part in the soccer clubs.
-What did some students do in April this year
-_______________________________________
Over four thousand years ago.
They took part in the soccer clubs.
8. 隐性的答案
①Language changes for several reasons. First, it changes because the needs of its speaker change. Another reason for change is that different people have different language experiences. People who have different ages, jobs, education levels may use different sets of words and expressions.
-Why do people use different sets of words and expressions according to the passage
-_______________________________________________________________
②The long neck , says Sander, was the dinosaur’s most important feature. The dinosaur could reach plants-near and far-easily. By eating quickly, dinosaurs grow to be the biggest land animals on earth.
-Why could the dinosaur reach plants-near and far-easily
-_______________________________________________________________
9. 回答动作
But you can send a simple card with a note of thanks inside to your teacher. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year.
-If Jack wants to send his teacher a card to show thanks, what could he do
-____________________________________________________________
Because they have different ages, jobs, education levels.
Because they have a long neck./ Because of their long neck.
He could write down the favorite thing he’s learned in the teacher’s class.
10. 对how 方式的回答
He was a dancer not an actor at first, so at the beginning, he didn’t know how to be an actor. But he liked to compete with himself, so he tried different roles in different works to improve his acting.
-How did the boy improve his acting
-____________________________________________________________
11. 一般疑问句的回答
When you think about competitions, you probably think of sports such as basketball and football. Not all competitions are sports, though.
-All competitions are sports, aren’t they
-_____________________________________
12. 注意时态
Many years ago, a rich man found that someone was taking valuable things from his house. He looked all he doors and all the windows. Still the things went. It must be one of the servants.
-What happened in the rich man’s house
-_____________________________________________________________
By trying different roles in different works
No, they aren’t.
Someone took valuable things from his house.
There is a man who I see on my train every morning. He always sits alone, never speaks to anyone and never listens to music.
Around eight days ago I noticed he was making a video call with a friend using signs.
After hanging up, he looked so sad. I tried to ask him if he was okay, but we could not understand each other. So I put my hand on his shoulder and just smiled.
I felt so helpless, and I wondered how lonely he felt. So I started staying up a few hours every night after work to learn American Sign Language through a video tutorial(教程)．
After several days of learning and practising, I could use sign language to communicate. When I met him again one morning, I said hello to him and asked him how he was for the first time.
The shocked(震惊的) smile he had on his face made all the late nights and tired days worthwhile.
Then he got his phone out and typed out a message and handed it to me. It just said “thank you” and when I looked up, he seemed proud of me and remembered our last meeting.
What I really want to tell him is “thank you for helping me be a better person”．
练习（一）
1. Why does the man never speak to anyone
________________________________________________________________________
2. Did the writer learn American Sign Language
________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the writer think of this experience
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it's right for us to talk with strangers Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Because he couldn't speak.　
Yes, he did.
It helps him be a better person.　
Yes, I think so. Because it can improve our communication skills and help us make more friends.
No, I don't think so. Because we don't know whether the strangers are good people or not, if we talk with them, they may hurt us.　
专题训练(学案)
Practice makes perfect!
Learn from your mistakes!
1. 语法错误
e.g.
1). What did Mr. Li do before he retired
He worked on a factory.
改: He worked ____ a factory.
2). What is very important to you in dealing with the stress
As for me, I think keep confident is very important.
改：As for me, I think _______ confident is very important.
in
keeping
2. 不注意形式，直接摘抄原文
e.g.
原文： One day his son called him and asked him to have a
journey to Tokyo. He was very happy. He was afraid to travel
by plane and took the ship. On the first morning on the ship,
Mr. Ling met an Englishman at table.
1). How did Mr. Ling go to Tokyo
Ship.
改：_________________________________________
By ship. /They took the ship.
原文：……But the lift didn’t work. He had to walk upstairs.
He stopped by my door and took out a key……
2).How did Bob go upstairs
Walk./He went upstairs by walking.
改：__________________________________
On foot. /He walked upstairs.
e.g. 原文：Now, some has invented GPS-enabled walking
shoes. The shoes are very special and useful. They can help
people find old people easily, wherever they go.
3). What are GPS-enabled shoes used for
Find old people easily.
改：__________________________________________
For finding old people easily./They are used for finding
old people easily.
3. 回答不完整（形式不完整，内容不完整）
e.g. 原文：In around the year 535, people in Xinjiang started
to send raisins（葡萄干）as gifts to the emperor.
1). When did people in Xinjiang started to send raisins as gifts to
the emperor
535.
改：___________________________
In around the year 535.
2) Where is he from
Chongqing./ He is from Chongqing.
Where does he live
New York. 改：___________________________________
Where did he go
Paris. 改：___________________________________
3) How long will he stay here
Two months. 改:___________________________________
In New York.
To Paris.
For two months.
原文：……And he became famous by showing people how to
be successful.
……In 1906, Carnegie won a famous speech contest and
well-known.
4). How did Carnegie become famous
By winning a famous speech contest.
改：_____________________________________________
By showing people how to be successful./
By winning a famous speech contest and showing
people how to be successful.
4. 单词拼写错误
e.g.
1).What did Jeff talk to people about on his way from the East
to the West
He talked to people about cancer and being disable.
改：__________________________________________
2). What will you do if you fail many times Why
I will keep trying until I succedd. Because succees belongs
to those people who never give up. I will try my best to make
my dream come ture.
改：_____________________________________________
He talked to people about cancer and being disabled.
I will keep trying until I succeed. Because success
belongs to those people who never give up. I will try my
best to make my dream come true.
5. 首字母不大写,没有标点符号
What’s the main idea of this passage
the reason why sharks attack on people
改：_____________________________________________
6. 审题不仔细
原文： Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at
all. Neither of us spoke during the journey.
Did they sit in silence, or did they talk to each other
Yes, they did.
改：_____________________________________________
The reason why sharks attack on people.
They sat in silence.
Goodbye!任务型阅读专项练习
1
Once Buddha (佛) was walking from one town to another with some of his disciples (弟子). When they were traveling, they happened to pass a lake. They stopped and Buddha told one of his disciples,“I’m thirsty. Do get me some water from that lake there.”
The disciple walked up to the lake. When he reached it, he noticed that the water was very muddy (浑浊的) . The disciple thought,“How can I give the muddy water to Buddha to drink ” So he came back and told Buddha about it. After about half an hour, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back to the lake and get him some water to drink. This time too the disciple found that the lake was muddy. He returned and told Buddha the same.
After some time, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back. The disciple reached the lake to find the lake clean and clear, and the water looked fit for drinking. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to Buddha.
Buddha looked at the water and then he looked up at the disciple and said,“See what you did to make the water clean. You waited long and the mud became calm on its own and you got clear water. Your mind is also like that! When it is disturbed (打扰), just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down (安静) on its own. You don’t have to put in any effort to calm it down. It will happen easily.”
1. Who did Buddha travel with
2. Did the disciple get the water for Buddha for the first time
3. What should we do when our mind is disturbed according to the text
4. What will you do to make yourself calm down when you are disturbed And why
_____________________________________________________________________________
2
Cai Yanqiu, a man from China, has spent about 3 years traveling around the country.However, he is not enjoying the sights along the way. He is helping homeless people he meets.
Cai's journey started in 2016. One day when Cai was on the street, he saw a homeless man pass by. That man reminded him of his brother. In 1994, Cai's brother disappeared from home. Three days later, Cai's brother was found, but he was in such a bad condition that he died soon. Cai couldn't forget the hard times that his family experienced because of the loss of his brother. He decided to do something to stop other families from going through the same pain.
Cai bought a used van(面包车) and filled it up with things like quilts, clothes and toiletries(洗漱用品). He left his family to look for homeless people and helped them go home. Cai has driven over 90，000 kilometers and helped more than 50 people return home. For some who don't want to go back home, he just tries his best to make their lives better.
Since Cai started live streaming(直播) his journeys around China, his kindness has won him thousands of fans. They call him a hero and support him with donations. However, Cai says he isn't interested in being famous or rich. He only hopes one day he won't find homeless people anymore.
Is Cai Yanqiu traveling around the country to enjoy the sights _____________
2. How far has Cai Yanqiu traveled around China
________________________________________________________________________
3. What do Cai Yanqiu's fans think of him
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think Cai Yanqiu's behavior will make a big change on homeless people Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3
A young lady was driving a family car home with her father when they were caught in a heavy storm. The young lady was a little afraid and asked her father, “What should I do, stop or keep driving？”
Her father said, “Keep driving.”
After driving a few kilometers, the storm was becoming heavier and heavier. The young lady noticed that some cars and big transport trucks were pulling over(靠边停) to the side of the road. The young lady asked her father again if they should stop. But her father said nothing. So, she had to keep on driving.
Ten minutes later, the storm started to become small and she could see a little more clearly.After a couple of kilometers, she drove out of the storm. Moreover, the sun came out and the road ahead was dry.
Her father told her to stop and get out of the car.
“But why now, Father？” she asked in surprise.
Her father said, “When you get out, you can look back at all the people in cars and big trucks that gave up and they are still in the storm. Now, your storm is over because you didn't give up.”
Don't give up, even if the stronger do. If you keep going, soon your “personal storms” will be over. The sun will shine on you again and the road ahead will be dry and clear.
1. Whom did the young lady drive home with ______________________________________
2. Did the young lady drive out of the storm at last
________________________________________________________________________
3. What did the young lady want to do when the storm was becoming heavier and heavier
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is right for us to give up in a proper time Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4
Living in a different culture can be a both exciting and challenging(挑战性的) experience. You have to learn different cultures and try to get used to them. Let's share some cultural differences between China and the US to help understand each other.
Privacy(隐私)—Chinese people talk about subjects such as ages and income(收入), which Americans think is not polite.
Family—In China, elders are traditionally treated with respect(尊重). In America, the goal of the family is to encourage independence(独立), especially that of the children. Unlike the Chinese, few elder Americans live with their children.
Friends—Chinese people have different understanding of “friends”. In China, “friendship” means a lifelong relationship between friends who think it's their duty to give each other any help. Americans always call people they meet friends.
Money—The Chinese like saving money. They are always careful when they are planning to spend money. It is different in America, where far fewer families are saving money.
Education—Chinese people value education and jobs more than Americans, who pay more attention to good nature instead.
1. Do many elders live with their children in China ___________________________________
2. What do Chinese people value more than Americans
________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the passage mainly talk about
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is necessary for us to learn from the American culture Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5
If there was an empty lot(一块地) in your neighborhood, what would you want to turn it into Some American high school students have turned one such lot into a place of hope.
The students go to Buchtel High School in Akron, Ohio. The empty lot near their school used to be messy, full of grass. Eight students decided to improve the lot so as to make it a place where people can relax.
After nine weeks of designing, researching and building, the students brought their plans to life. Now the lot is a different place. There is a wood walkway leading to a purple bench(长椅), with a few beautiful plants alongside the way. There is also a hopscotch(跳房子游戏) board painted bright blue. On a back fence, you can see a wall painted with words like “Peace” and the students' handprints on it.
The hopscotch board was created for a group of 8 to 10 school age kids who live in the neighborhood. The students heard they had nowhere to play.
“It gives the neighborhood a little hope and a little beauty，” said Lyle Jenkins, a member of the Neighborhood Network. Now a lot of people love the neighborhood and have great hopes for things getting better.
1. Have some students turned an empty lot into a place of hope ___________________________
2. How long did it take to turn the lot into the place of hope
________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the students' action mean to the neighborhood
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think these students' behavior should be praised Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6
A video of a l0-year-old blind boy who was singing the song You Are My Eyes is popular on the Internet. People are deeply touched by his story. Chen Shibo is from Chenyao village, Henan Province. He studies in an education school which is for special children in Luoyang.
At the age of one, Chen could hear sounds, but he could not tell where they came from. When Chen was 4, his parents took him to a hospital in Beijjing. The doctor said that he would never see colors or sunlight. His parents hoped that Chen could make a living on his own, so they took him to a special education school in Zhengzhou. However, they were refused. Luckily, Chen was accepted by another school in 2015.
Chen remains active and works hard in school. His teacher says that Chen is a sunny child. He has been honored for many times for his good performance. Chen likes music and sings well, so his mother took him to a music school. Every Saturday, Chen goes there to learn to paly the guitar and sing songs.
It's difficult for Chen to play the guitar because of his eyesight, but he did quite well. In singing classes, his mouth made the wrong shape when he was singing. It influenced his pronunciation seriously. Even so, he has learned several songs with his teacher's help.
“I was deeply moved by Chen when I first met him," said the kid's singing teacher. “It is his parents' love and support that give Chen confidence and courage to face the difficulties bravely and achieve success.
1. Is Chen Shibo a singer ______________________________
2. Why did Chen’s parents want to take him to a special education school
________________________________________________________________________
3. What kind of person is Chen Shibo according to the passage
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is good for a person to experience difficulties Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________Task- based Reading Training
任务型阅读专训
一、解题步骤：
1. 确定阅读任务
先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性的去读，并能提高阅读效率。
2. 读全文，了解大意
明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。
3. 仔细阅读题干，找准原文
要仔细阅读题干（即问题），明白问题的指向。读完问题，就应该能判断出问题的设计是针对一个单词、一句话、一段话，还是全文。
4. 仔细研读细节，答题必须符合题目要求
任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
※ 5. 开放性试题（open questions）
① semi-open questions (半开放性试题) ：organized facts from the passage（材料信息归纳与整合）
open questions (开放性试题) ：opinion based on the facts from the passage and also experience from your own(基于文章事实和个人经验得观点或读后感)
② 答题策略
Step1: ____________
Step2: ____________
Step3: ____________
讲练结合
In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员) on Emergency(急救) Center of the city.
Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas.
“A dispatcher’s job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in the center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.”
Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.
After many years’ hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can’t tell clearly where he is, but it doesn’t matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him.
“We are trying to be quicker than Death,” says Liang.
65. Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong
___________________________________________________________________
66. When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start
___________________________________________________________________
67. To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinzhong do
___________________________________________________________________
68. Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
二、主要题型及易错点辨析
1. 年龄的回答
The twin sisters like moving to the music. When they were only three years old , they began to learn dancing. They learned the moves mostly by watching dance videos online.
-How old were they when they began to learn dancing
-_________________________.
错误：When they were only three years old./ At the age of 3./ They were 3-year-old.
2.对why的回答
Zony and Yony first gained attention on the Internet for their dancing to Korean pop songs. Seeing the two girls are so popular with people on the Internet because of their videos, Ellen DeGeneres, the hostess of the talk show, invited them to perform on her show.
-What was the reason why they could gain attention on the Internet first
-___________________________________________________
错误：For their dancing to Korean pop songs/Because their dancing to Korean pop songs.
(because 加句子/because of 加名词或名词短语)
3.简答
Have you heard of Mary and Tom They are American boys. They have been the TV stars since they were nine months old.
-Where were Mary and Tom born
-_______________________
错误：American/America
(一般表示在某个时间/地点的简答要加介词。简答的一般可以是名词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词等)
4.对时间段提问
Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and are burnt by the sun.
-How long do Pi and the tiger spend in the lifeboat
-_______________________________（一段时间前要加for）
5.答案的完整
Only Pi and the tiger are left alive. He feeds fish to the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and his knowledge of animals from the zoo to control the tiger.
-How does he control the tiger
-__________________________________________________
（注意文章中的also/too/still 等词）
6.表范围的词不能省
Umbrellas could be one of the world’s most important inventions. The first umbrella was invented over four thousand years ago.
-When was the first umbrella invented
-___________________________________________
(在回答中around/about/over/more than/less than等词不能省)
7.名词问，代词答
Some schools even have special football class for students. In April this year, some students took part in the soccer clubs.
-What did some students do in April this year
-_______________________________________
错误：Some students took part in the soccer clubs.
8.隐性的答案
①Language changes for several reasons. First, it changes because the needs of its speaker change. Another reason for change is that different people have different language experiences. People who have different ages, jobs, education levels may use different sets of words and expressions.
-Why do people use different sets of words and expressions according to the passage
-_________________________________________________________________________
②The long neck , says Sander, was the dinosaur’s most important feature. The dinosaur could reach plants-near and far-easily. By eating quickly, dinosaurs grow to be the biggest land animals on earth.
-Why could the dinosaur reach plants-near and far-easily
-_________________________________________________________________________
9.回答动作
But you can send a simple card with a note of thanks inside to your teacher. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year.
-If Jack wants to send his teacher a card to show thanks, what could he do
-____________________________________________________________________________
错误：Write down the favorite thing he’s learned in the teacher’s class this year.
(简答不能以动词原形开头。回答作词时可以是一个完整的句子或者是动词不定式、动名词等)
10.对how 方式的回答
He was a dancer not an actor at first, so at the beginning, he didn’t know how to be an actor. But he liked to compete with himself, so he tried different roles in different works to improve his acting.
-How did the boy improve his acting
-_____________________________________________________
错误：tried different roles in different works
(回答how的方式一般要用by加具体的方式或者回答一个完整的句子)
11.一般疑问句的回答
When you think about competitions, you probably think of sports such as basketball and football. Not all competitions are sports, though.
-All competitions are sports, aren’t they
-_____________________________________
(反义疑问句要根据事实回答。一般疑问句可以简答yes/no,如果完整回答要注意人称代词、be情助的选择)
12.注意时态
Many years ago, a rich man found that someone was taking valuable things from his house. He looked all he doors and all the windows. Still the things went. It must be one of the servants.
-What happened in the rich man’s house
-_______________________________________________________________
错误：Someone was talking valuable things from his house/ Someone take valuable things from his house.
(回答要和问句的时态一致)
练习一：
There is a man who I see on my train every morning. He always sits alone, never speaks to anyone and never listens to music.
Around eight days ago I noticed he was making a video call with a friend using signs.
After hanging up, he looked so sad. I tried to ask him if he was okay, but we could not understand each other. So I put my hand on his shoulder and just smiled.
I felt so helpless, and I wondered how lonely he felt. So I started staying up a few hours every night after work to learn American Sign Language through a video tutorial(教程)．
After several days of learning and practising, I could use sign language to communicate. When I met him again one morning, I said hello to him and asked him how he was for the first time.
The shocked(震惊的) smile he had on his face made all the late nights and tired days worthwhile.
Then he got his phone out and typed out a message and handed it to me. It just said “thank you” and when I looked up, he seemed proud of me and remembered our last meeting.
What I really want to tell him is “thank you for helping me be a better person”．
1. Why does the man never speak to anyone ___________________________________________
2. Did the writer learn American Sign Language ________________________________________
3. What does the writer think of this experience ________________________________________
4. Do you think it's right for us to talk with strangers Why or why not
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________Task- based Reading Training
任务型阅读专训
一、解题步骤：
1. 确定阅读任务
先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性的去读，并能提高阅读效率。
2. 读全文，了解大意
明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。
3. 仔细阅读题干，找准原文
要仔细阅读题干（即问题），明白问题的指向。读完问题，就应该能判断出问题的设计是针对一个单词、一句话、一段话，还是全文。
4. 仔细研读细节，答题必须符合题目要求
任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
※ 5. 开放性试题（open questions）
① semi-open questions (半开放性试题) ：organized facts from the passage（材料信息归纳与整合）
open questions (开放性试题) ：opinion based on the facts from the passage and also experience from your own(基于文章事实和个人经验得观点或读后感)
② 答题策略
Step1: ____________
Step2: ____________
Step3: ____________
讲练结合
In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员) on Emergency(急救) Center of the city.
Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas.
“A dispatcher’s job is counted in seconds,” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in the center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.”
Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.
After many years’ hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can’t tell clearly where he is, but it doesn’t matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him.
“We are trying to be quicker than Death,” says Liang.
65. Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong
___________________________________________________________________
66. When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start
___________________________________________________________________
67. To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinzhong do
___________________________________________________________________
68. Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
答案：65. Yes./Yes, he was.
66. In 2007.
67. They remember every corner of the city through hand-made maps, and dispatch emergency medical workers to the right place as soon as possible.
68. Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes.
No. Because electronic maps are easier to use and can show the latest road situation.
二、主要题型及易错点辨析
1. 年龄的回答
The twin sisters like moving to the music. When they were only three years old , they began to learn dancing. They learned the moves mostly by watching dance videos online.
-How old were they when they began to learn dancing
-__ They were 3 years./ 3./ 3 years old.
错误：When they were only three years old./ At the age of 3./ They were 3-year-old.
2.对why的回答
Zony and Yony first gained attention on the Internet for their dancing to Korean pop songs. Seeing the two girls are so popular with people on the Internet because of their videos, Ellen DeGeneres, the hostess of the talk show, invited them to perform on her show.
-What was the reason why they could gain attention on the Internet first
-___ The reason is their dancing to Korean pop songs.
错误：For their dancing to Korean pop songs/Because their dancing to Korean pop songs/ Because of their dancing to Korean pop songs
(because 加句子/because of 加名词或名词短语)
3.简答
Have you heard of Mary and Tom They are American boys. They have been the TV stars since they were nine months old.
-Where were Mary and Tom born
-__ In America.
错误：American/America
(一般表示在某个时间/地点的简答要加介词。简答的一般可以是名词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词等)
4.对时间段提问
Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and are burnt by the sun.
-How long do Pi and the tiger spend in the lifeboat
-___ 227 days.（一段时间前要加for）
5.答案的完整
Only Pi and the tiger are left alive. He feeds fish to the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and his knowledge of animals from the zoo to control the tiger.
-How does he control the tiger
-__ He feeds fish...to control…./ By feeding…
（注意文章中的also/too/still 等词）
6.表范围的词不能省
Umbrellas could be one of the world’s most important inventions. The first umbrella was invented over four thousand years ago.
-When was the first umbrella invented
-___ Over four thousand years ago.
(在回答中around/about/over/more than/less than等词不能省)
7.名词问，代词答
Some schools even have special football class for students. In April this year, some students took part in the soccer clubs.
-What did some students do in April this year
-___ They took part in the soccer clubs.
错误：Some students took part in the soccer clubs.
8.隐性的答案
①Language changes for several reasons. First, it changes because the needs of its speaker change. Another reason for change is that different people have different language experiences. People who have different ages, jobs, education levels may use different sets of words and expressions.
-Why do people use different sets of words and expressions according to the passage
-_ Because they have different ages, jobs, education levels.
②The long neck , says Sander, was the dinosaur’s most important feature. The dinosaur could reach plants-near and far-easily. By eating quickly, dinosaurs grow to be the biggest land animals on earth.
-Why could the dinosaur reach plants-near and far-easily
-__ Because they have a long neck./ Because of their long neck.
9.回答动作
But you can send a simple card with a note of thanks inside to your teacher. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year.
-If Jack wants to send his teacher a card to show thanks, what could he do
-__ He could write down the favorite thing he’s learned in the teacher’s class.
错误：Write down the favorite thing he’s learned in the teacher’s class this year.
(简答不能以动词原形开头。回答作词时可以是一个完整的句子或者是动词不定式、动名词等)
10.对how 方式的回答
He was a dancer not an actor at first, so at the beginning, he didn’t know how to be an actor. But he liked to compete with himself, so he tried different roles in different works to improve his acting.
-How did the boy improve his acting
-__ By trying different roles in different works.
错误：tried different roles in different works
(回答how的方式一般要用by加具体的方式或者回答一个完整的句子)
11.一般疑问句的回答
When you think about competitions, you probably think of sports such as basketball and football. Not all competitions are sports, though.
-All competitions are sports, aren’t they
-___ No, they aren’t.
(反义疑问句要根据事实回答。一般疑问句可以简答yes/no,如果完整回答要注意人称代词、be情助的选择)
12.注意时态
Many years ago, a rich man found that someone was taking valuable things from his house. He looked all he doors and all the windows. Still the things went. It must be one of the servants.
-What happened in the rich man’s house
-__ Someone took valuable things from his house.
错误：Someone was talking valuable things from his house/ Someone take valuable things from his house.
(回答要和问句的时态一致)
练习一：
无声的关怀
There is a man who I see on my train every morning. He always sits alone, never speaks to anyone and never listens to music.
Around eight days ago I noticed he was making a video call with a friend using signs.
After hanging up, he looked so sad. I tried to ask him if he was okay, but we could not understand each other. So I put my hand on his shoulder and just smiled.
I felt so helpless, and I wondered how lonely he felt. So I started staying up a few hours every night after work to learn American Sign Language through a video tutorial(教程)．
After several days of learning and practising, I could use sign language to communicate. When I met him again one morning, I said hello to him and asked him how he was for the first time.
The shocked(震惊的) smile he had on his face made all the late nights and tired days worthwhile.
Then he got his phone out and typed out a message and handed it to me. It just said “thank you” and when I looked up, he seemed proud of me and remembered our last meeting.
What I really want to tell him is “thank you for helping me be a better person”．
1. Why does the man never speak to anyone
________________________________________________________________________
2. Did the writer learn American Sign Language
________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the writer think of this experience
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it's right for us to talk with strangers Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案版： 1. Because he couldn't speak.　
2. Yes, he did.　
3. It helps him be a better person.　
4. Yes, I think so. Because it can improve our communication skills and help us make more friends./No, I don't think so. Because we don't know whether the strangers are good people or not, if we talk with them, they may hurt us.　
任务型阅读专项练习
1
Once Buddha (佛) was walking from one town to another with some of his disciples (弟子). When they were traveling, they happened to pass a lake. They stopped and Buddha told one of his disciples,“I’m thirsty. Do get me some water from that lake there.”
The disciple walked up to the lake. When he reached it, he noticed that the water was very muddy (浑浊的) . The disciple thought,“How can I give the muddy water to Buddha to drink ” So he came back and told Buddha about it. After about half an hour, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back to the lake and get him some water to drink. This time too the disciple found that the lake was muddy. He returned and told Buddha the same.
After some time, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back. The disciple reached the lake to find the lake clean and clear, and the water looked fit for drinking. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to Buddha.
Buddha looked at the water and then he looked up at the disciple and said,“See what you did to make the water clean. You waited long and the mud became calm on its own and you got clear water. Your mind is also like that! When it is disturbed (打扰), just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down (安静) on its own. You don’t have to put in any effort to calm it down. It will happen easily.”
1. Who did Buddha travel with
2. Did the disciple get the water for Buddha for the first time
3. What should we do when our mind is disturbed according to the text
4. What will you do to make yourself calm down when you are disturbed (list at least two things)
答案：1. some of his disciples.
2. No.
3.We should just let it be.
4.I can read a book or listen to music to make myself calm down.(言之有理即可)
2
Cai Yanqiu, a man from China, has spent about 3 years traveling around the country.However, he is not enjoying the sights along the way. He is helping homeless people he meets.
Cai's journey started in 2016. One day when Cai was on the street, he saw a homeless man pass by. That man reminded him of his brother. In 1994, Cai's brother disappeared from home. Three days later, Cai's brother was found, but he was in such a bad condition that he died soon. Cai couldn't forget the hard times that his family experienced because of the loss of his brother. He decided to do something to stop other families from going through the same pain.
Cai bought a used van(面包车) and filled it up with things like quilts, clothes and toiletries(洗漱用品). He left his family to look for homeless people and helped them go home. Cai has driven over 90，000 kilometers and helped more than 50 people return home. For some who don't want to go back home, he just tries his best to make their lives better.
Since Cai started live streaming(直播) his journeys around China, his kindness has won him thousands of fans. They call him a hero and support him with donations. However, Cai says he isn't interested in being famous or rich. He only hopes one day he won't find homeless people anymore.
1. Is Cai Yanqiu traveling around the country to enjoy the sights
________________________________________________________________________
2. How far has Cai Yanqiu traveled around China
________________________________________________________________________
3. What do Cai Yanqiu's fans think of him
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think Cai Yanqiu's behavior will make a big change on homeless people Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. No, he isn't.　
2. Over 90, 000 kilometers.
3. They think Cai Yanqiu is a kind/nice person.　
4. Yes, I think so. Because his kind behavior will make the homeless people feel warm and let them have the chance to go home./No, I don't think so. Because Cai Yanqiu doesn't have enough power and time to help all the homeless people go home.　
3
A young lady was driving a family car home with her father when they were caught in a heavy storm. The young lady was a little afraid and asked her father, “What should I do, stop or keep driving？”
Her father said, “Keep driving.”
After driving a few kilometers, the storm was becoming heavier and heavier. The young lady noticed that some cars and big transport trucks were pulling over(靠边停) to the side of the road. The young lady asked her father again if they should stop. But her father said nothing. So, she had to keep on driving.
Ten minutes later, the storm started to become small and she could see a little more clearly.After a couple of kilometers, she drove out of the storm. Moreover, the sun came out and the road ahead was dry.
Her father told her to stop and get out of the car.
“But why now, Father？” she asked in surprise.
Her father said, “When you get out, you can look back at all the people in cars and big trucks that gave up and they are still in the storm. Now, your storm is over because you didn't give up.”
Don't give up, even if the stronger do. If you keep going, soon your “personal storms” will be over. The sun will shine on you again and the road ahead will be dry and clear.
1. Whom did the young lady drive home with
________________________________________________________________________
2. Did the young lady drive out of the storm at last
________________________________________________________________________
3. What did the young lady want to do when the storm was becoming heavier and heavier
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is right for us to give up in a proper time Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Her father.　
Yes, she did.　
3. She wanted to stop the car.　
4. Yes, I think so. Because giving up in a proper time can prevent us from wasting time and it can help us to save time and energy to find another way to get over the difficulty./ No, I don't think so. Because if we don't stick to the last minute, we won't know whether we will succeed or not.　
4
Living in a different culture can be a both exciting and challenging(挑战性的) experience. You have to learn different cultures and try to get used to them. Let's share some cultural differences between China and the US to help understand each other.
Privacy(隐私)—Chinese people talk about subjects such as ages and income(收入), which Americans think is not polite.
Family—In China, elders are traditionally treated with respect(尊重). In America, the goal of the family is to encourage independence(独立), especially that of the children. Unlike the Chinese, few elder Americans live with their children.
Friends—Chinese people have different understanding of “friends”. In China, “friendship” means a lifelong relationship between friends who think it's their duty to give each other any help. Americans always call people they meet friends.
Money—The Chinese like saving money. They are always careful when they are planning to spend money. It is different in America, where far fewer families are saving money.
Education—Chinese people value education and jobs more than Americans, who pay more attention to good nature instead.
1. Do many elders live with their children in China
________________________________________________________________________
2. What do Chinese people value more than Americans
________________________________________________________________________
3. Which five parts did the passage mainly talk about (可否改为What did …)
________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is necessary for us to learn from the American culture Why or why not
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Yes, they do.　
Education and jobs.
3. Privacy, family, friends, money and education.　(It talked about the difference …)
4. Yes, I think so. Because they have many good thoughts and cultural customs which deserve us to learn. For example, Americans respect others' privacy more than Chinese, and American children are more independent. /No, I don't think so. Because we have different culture backgrounds, it's hard for us to change our mind.　
5
If there was an empty lot(一块地) in your neighborhood, what would you want to turn it into Some American high school students have turned one such lot into a place of hope.
The students go to Buchtel High School in Akron, Ohio. The empty lot near their school used to be messy, full of grass. Eight students decided to improve the lot so as to make it a place where people can relax.
After nine weeks of designing, researching and building, the students brought their plans to life. Now the lot is a different place. There is a wood walkway leading to a purple bench(长椅), with a few beautiful plants alongside the way. There is also a hopscotch(跳房子游戏) board painted bright blue. On a back fence, you can see a wall painted with words like “Peace” and the students' handprints on it.
The hopscotch board was created for a group of 8 to 10 school age kids who live in the neighborhood. The students heard they had nowhere to play.
“It gives the neighborhood a little hope and a little beauty，” said Lyle Jenkins, a member of the Neighborhood Network. Now a lot of people love the neighborhood and have great hopes for things getting better.
1. Have some students turned an empty lot into a place of hope
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2. How long did it take to turn the lot into the place of hope
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3. What does the students' action mean to the neighborhood
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4. Do you think these students' behavior should be praised Why or why not
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答案：1. Yes, they have.　
2. Nine weeks.
3. It made the neighborhood more beautiful and attracts more people's attention.
4. Yes, I think so. Because they did a very great job and brought happiness to others./No, I don't think so. Because helping others is our responsibility.
6
A video of a l0-year-old blind boy who was singing the song You Are My Eyes is popular on the Internet. People are deeply touched by his story. Chen Shibo is from Chenyao village, Henan Province. He studies in an education school which is for special children in Luoyang.
At the age of one, Chen could hear sounds, but he could not tell where they came from. When Chen was 4, his parents took him to a hospital in Beijjing. The doctor said that he would never see colors or sunlight. His parents hoped that Chen could make a living on his own, so they took him to a special education school in Zhengzhou. However, they were refused. Luckily, Chen was accepted by another school in 2015.
Chen remains active and works hard in school. His teacher says that Chen is a sunny child. He has been honored for many times for his good performance. Chen likes music and sings well, so his mother took him to a music school. Every Saturday, Chen goes there to learn to paly the guitar and sing songs.
It's difficult for Chen to play the guitar because of his eyesight, but he did quite well. In singing classes, his mouth made the wrong shape when he was singing. It influenced his pronunciation seriously. Even so, he has learned several songs with his teacher's help.
“I was deeply moved by Chen when I first met him," said the kid's singing teacher. “It is his parents' love and support that give Chen confidence and courage to face the difficulties bravely and achieve success.
1. Is Chen Shibo a singer
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2. Why did Chen’s parents want to take him to a special education school
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3. What kind of person is Chen Shibo according to the passage
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4. Do you think it is good for a person to experience difficulties Why or why not
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答案：1. No, he isn't.　
2. Because they hoped that Chen could make a living on his own.
3. He is active and works hard.(He is active and hard-working.)
4. Yes, I think so. Because a person will become stronger after experiencing difficulties.(言之成理即可)

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