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七年级英语下册Unit4知识点
【Useful expressions】
1.No talking 不许讲话 (No+动词ing,禁止......)
2.the school rules 校规
3.eat in class 上课吃东西
4.run in the hallways 在过道上追逐打闹
5.in the dining hall 在食堂
6.fight with sb.=have a fight with sb.和某人打架
7.go out on school nights 在上学期间的晚上外出
8.on school days 在上学的日子
9.arrive late for class= be late for class 上课迟到了
10.wear a/the uniform 穿制服
11.have to 不得不；必须
12.eat outside 外面吃东西
13.practice doing sth.练习做某事
14.help mom make breakfast 帮助妈妈做早饭
17.too many 太多（+可数复数）
18.too much 太多（+不可数）
19.so many 如此，这么多的（+可数名词复数）
20.so much 如此，这么多的（+不可数名词）
21.library rules 图书馆规则
22.be strict with sb.in sth.在某方面对某人严格
23.be quiet 安静
24.be noisy 吵闹
25.make the teacher unhappy 惹老师不高兴
26.make a noise/make noises 制造噪音
27.do the dishes 洗碗
28.stay at home呆在家里
29.on time 准时
30.in time 及时
31.learn to do sth.学习做某事
32.learn from sb.向某人学习
33.follow / keep /obey the rules 遵守规定
34.break the rules 破坏规则
35.make rules 制定规则
36.keep one’s hair short 留短发
37.think about 考虑
38.make one’s bed 铺床
39.in your home 在你家
40.at home 在家
41.Good luck to you! 祝你好运
42.remember doing sth.记得做过某事
43.remember to do sth 记得去做某事
44.listen to sb.听某人说
【Target sentences】
1.--What are the rules？
--Well, you must be on time for class.Don't fight with your classmates.
2.We can’t listen to music in the classroom or hallways.
3.--Can we bring music players to school
--Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
4.And we always have to wear the school uniform.
5.--Does he have to wear a uniform at school
--Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
6.--What do you have to do
--We have to be quiet in the library.
7.Don't leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
8.My dad says I can’t play basketball after school because I must do my homework.
9.After dinner, I can’t relax,either.I must read a book before I can watch TV.
10.I know how you feel.
11.There are a lot of things you can do.
12.Parents and schools are sometimes strict but remember, they make rules to help us.
13.I think it’s best to follow the rules.
14.I can’t go out on school nights.
15.I have to do my homework after school.
16.I must practice the guitar before dinner.
【Language points】
1.Don’t arrive late for class.
（1）arrive v.到达;
是不及物动词，若接地点名词，要加介词in或at。
in后接大地方(如城市或国家)。
When did you arrive in Nanchang
at后接小地方(如学校、酒店或车站)。
I usually arrive at the bus stop at 6:30 every morning.
若接地点副词(here/there/home等)，则不用介词。
My father arrives home late every night.
（2）祈使句的否定形式
本句是祈使句的否定形式，结构为“Don’t +动词原形+其他“。祈使句通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头，用于向对方发出指令、请求等。
Don’t answer the phone while crossing the road.
2.You must be on time.
（1）must modal v.必须；
must 为情态动词，无人称和数的变化。情态动词不能单独作谓语，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。
You must obey the school rules.
（2）on time 准时
The plane takes off on time.
An ambulance （救护车）arrived in time.
3.Don’t fight.不要打架。
fight v.& n.打架；战斗
（1）fight在句中作动词，意为“打架”，常用短语：fight with sb.“和某人打架”。
Don’t fight with the driver in the bus, or you’ll be punished.
（2）fight作动词，还有“战斗”的意思。
They fought against the enemy fiercely.
他们与敌人进行了殊死搏斗。
（3）fight也可作名词，意为“打架；战斗”，短语have a fight(with sb.) 表示“（和某人）打架”。
It’s not right to have a fight with your friend.
4.This is very important.
important adj.重要的，名词形式是importance,重要性
important为形容词，可作表语或定语。常用句型: It is important (for sb.) to do sth.“（对某人来说）做某事是重要的”。
For kids, it’s very important to stay healthy.
5.Can we bring music players to school
bring v.带来；取来；bring为及物动词，反义词为take(带走)。常用结构有：
Bring your ID card to school.
He brings me a big cake.= He brings a big cake for me.
6.Can we bring music players to school
Can we...我们能...吗？
该句式用于询问是否许可或征求对方同意。
—Can we eat in the classroom
—No, we can’t.
7.And we always have to wear the school uniform.
（1）have to 不得不，后接动词原形
（2）wear v.穿；戴
wear作动词，强调状态。其宾语除衣服、鞋、帽子、手套外，还可以是首饰、眼镜、耳机、胡子、假发、奖章等。
You should wear a hat for the party.
Don’t wear earphones while you are out.
She always wears a pair of glasses.
【拓展延伸】put on也可表示“穿；戴”，但它强调动作，指把衣服鞋、袜、帽子、手套等穿上或戴上。
8.practice the guitar
practice v.＆ n.练习
(1) practice 在此处作动词，其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
You need to practice English every day.
These foreigners are practicing speaking Chinese.
(2) practice还可作名词，意为“练习”。
Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
Learning English needs practice.学习英语需要练习。
9.do the dishes
（1）dish n.碟；盘
dish作可数名词，常用the dishes表示“（待清洗的）餐具”。
dish还有“菜肴；一道菜”之意。
The glass dish is beautiful.
This is an excellent hot main dish.
（2）do the dishes 清洗餐具
do the dishes相当于wash the dishes。
We must do the dishes before we go out.
10.before dinner
before prep.＆ conj.在……以前；adv.以前
before 在此处为介词，意为“在……以前”，表示时间，反义词为 after(在……以后)。
You must go to bed before 10 o’clock.
【拓展延伸】
(1) before作介词，还可表示“在……的前面”，表示位置，其反义词为behind。
There is a desk before me and a chair behind me.
(2) before还可作连词，意为“在……以前”，后接句子。
Do it before you forget.
11.At school, we have more rules — don’t be noisy, don’t eat in class, …
（1）more adj.& pron.更多（的）在此处作形容词，是many的比较级，修饰可数名词复数(rules)。more还可作much的比较级，修饰不可数名词。
I have more books than her.
You should drink more water.
（2）noisy adj.吵闹的，其反义词为quiet(安静的)。
Turn down the TV.It’s too noisy.
【拓展延伸】noisy的名词形式为noise，意为“喧闹声；噪声”，作可数名词或不可数名词均可。make a noise 制造噪音
12.After dinner, I can’t relax either.
(1)relax v.放松；休息;作及物动词和不及物动词均可。relax oneself 意为“放松自己”。
Don’t be nervous.Just relax.不要紧张，放松点。
She relaxes herself by listening to music.
【拓展延伸】
relaxing adj.令人放松的
relaxed adj 感到轻松的
(2)either adv.也 位于否定句句末
13.I must read a book before I can watch TV.
read v.读；阅读; 在句中作及物动词
My father often reads newspapers in the morning.
【拓展延伸】read也可作不及物动词，意为“阅读；朗读”。
You read and I write.
He is reading a book.
You should look at the blackboard.
You can see many flowers in the garden.
My grandparents watch TV every night.
14.I know how you feel.
feel v.感受；觉得;作系动词，在此意为“感受；觉得”，其后可接形容词、副词或介词短语。
I feel sorry for him.
【拓展延伸】feel作系动词，意为“摸起来”，后可接形容词作表语。
The silk feels very soft.这丝绸摸起来很柔软。
I don’t feel well.I may have a fever.
我感到不舒服，我可能发烧了。
15.Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us.
(1)strict adj.严格的；严厉的
(2)remember v.记住；记起
16.At school, I have to/must wear a school uniform, and I have to/must keep my hair short.
keep v.保持；保留;在此作及物动词， “keep + sb./sth.+ adj.”表示“使某人/某物保持某种状态”。
My father always keeps me very happy.
【拓展延申】
与keep相关的短语有：
keep away from/keep clear of(使)远离; 避免接近
keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系
keep up with跟上；赶上
keep...in mind 把……记在心里
keep healthy 保持健康
keep cool 保持冷静
17....because I have to/must learn to play the piano.
learn v.学习；学会;
在句中作动词，learn to do sth.“学做某事”。
He is learning to drive a car.
【拓展延伸】learn的其他常见短语：
learn from 向......学习
learn about学习; 了解
We should learn from Jim.
I want to learn about Chinese culture.
18.I never have fun.
have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快
have fun相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself。
have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很高兴”。
The students are having fun playing basketball now.
19.Don't listen to music in class.
I listen carefully.I hear a woman singing.Her voice sounds beautiful.
Abing's Erquan Yingyue sounds sad and moving.
【Grammar Focus】
1.祈使句
语法概述
祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。
2.情态动词can,have to与must
He has to leave school because his family is poor.
因为家里穷，他不得不退学。(受客观因素影响)
We must do something about it.
关于这件事我们必须做点什么。(责任感的驱使)
【拓展延伸】以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
—Must I leave now 我现在必须离开吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t (don’t have to).
是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
【Topic writing】
示例 1
At my home,my parents makesome rules for me because they think these rules can help me keep healthy.Here are some of
them.
First, I must eat breakfast everymorning.Second, I must eat
an appleevery day.They say, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Third, I can'teat unhealthy food often, This means l csn't eat a lot of ice-cream or hamburgers.Lastly, I must go to bed early and get up early.
These rules are strict but they can help me keep healthy.I should follow them.
示例2
School Rules
There are many rules in our school.For example，we can't arrive late for class.We should also keep the classroom clean.We should say hello to teachers when we see them.We are not allowed to eat in the classroom.We can't listen to music in class.We can't play games in class，either.I think these rules are good.They are good for us.What about your school rules

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