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八下Unit 4
一、单词拓展
(n.关系；联系；交往)→ (n.关系；联系)→ (v.把……联系起来)→ (adj.相关联的)
(v.交流；沟通)→ (n.交流；沟通)
(v.争吵；争论)→ (n.争吵；辩论)
(adj.快的；迅速的)→ (adv.快速地；迅速地)
(n.云；云朵)→ (adj.多云的)
(num.第二)→ (adv.第二:其次)
(v.解释；说明)→ (n解释；说明)
(v.竞争；对抗)→ (n.竞赛；比赛) → (n.竞争者；对手)
(v.发展)→ (n.发展；发育；成长)
(adj.通常的；寻常的)→(反义词) (adj不寻常的)→ (adv.通常地)
答案
relation(n.关系；联系；交往)→relationship(n.关系；联系)→relate(v.把……联系起来)→relative(adj.相关联的)
communicate(v.交流；沟通)→communication(n.交流；沟通)
argue(v.争吵；争论)→argument(n.争吵；辩论)
quick(adj.快的；迅速的)→quickly(adv.快速地；迅速地)
cloud(n.云；云朵)→cloudy(adj.多云的)
second(num.第二)→secondly(adv.第二:其次)
explain(v.解释；说明)→explanation(n解释；说明)
compete(v.竞争；对抗)→competition(n.竞赛；比赛) →competitor(n.竞争者；对手)
develop(v.发展)→development(n.发展；发育；成长)
usual(adj.通常的；寻常的)→(反义词)unusual(adj不寻常的)→usually(adv.通常地)
二、短语
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干某事
look through：浏览
get on / along with sb. 和某人相处
not……until：直达……才
so that：以便于，目的是
so……that……：如此……以至于……
argue with sb. 和某人争吵
offer sth. to sb./offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物
offer to do sth. 主动提出干某事
mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人干某事
compete with sb. 和某人竞争
cut out：删除
compare …… with ……：把……和……比较
compare …… to ……：把……比作……
Why not/Why don’t you…？为什么不……
instead of：代替，而不是
三、重点单词讲解
allow v.允许；准许
wrong adj有毛病的；错误的
look through 快速查看；浏览
deal n. 协议；交易
work out 成功的发展；解决；
get on with 和睦相处；关系良好
communication n.交流 ；沟通
argue v.争吵；争论
cloud cn.云
elder adj.年纪较长的
instead adv.代替；反而；却
whatever pron 任何，每一
nervous adj.焦虑的，担忧的
offer v.主动提出；自愿给予
explain v解释；说明
讲解版
allow v.允许；准许
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事。
allow doing sth （不）允许做某事。
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事。
wrong adj有毛病的；错误的
what’s wrong with sb 某人怎么了
look through 快速查看；浏览
look at 看
look for 寻找
look out 当心
look after 照顾
look up 查阅；向上看
look forward to doing sth期待做
look up to sb 敬仰某人
deal n. 协议；交易
v.处理
big deal 重要的事情或状况
处理，deal with处理，提问时，常与how连用。
work out 成功的发展；解决；
get on with 和睦相处；关系良好
get on (along) well/badly with sb 和某人相处得不融洽
communication n.交流 ；沟通
v.communicate
communicate with sb意为＂与某人交流/沟通＂
argue v.争吵；争论
n.argument
argue with sb about sth
have an argument with sb与某人辩论
cloud cn.云
adj.cloudy
elder adj.年纪较长的
older可做定语/表语，可修饰人/物
instead adv.代替；反而；却
instead adv 常放在句首或句末，在句首常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事
instead of 为介词短语＂代替，而不是＂ +n/pron/v-ing
whatever pron 任何，每一
相当于no matter what
nervous adj.焦虑的，担忧的
be nervous about sth
offer v.主动提出；自愿给予
offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 为某人提供某物
explain v解释；说明
explain sth to sb
四、提建议的表达方式
1. 用Why not... 来提出建议，表示＂何不…… ＂，not后接动词原形。＂Why not... ＂实际上是＂Why don’t we/you... ＂的简略形式。
2. 用＂Would/Could you please... ＂来提出建议或请求。此句式中的would/could并非是动词过去式，而是表示说话者的语气较为委婉。
3. 可以用＂Will you... ＂表示委婉地提建议或请求。
4. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。
5. 可以用＂Let’s...＂来提出建议或征求对方意见。
6. 用＂What about/How about... ＂来提出建议，about是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。
7. 用＂Would you like... ＂来提出建议，意思是＂你想要……吗 ＂，would you like后可接名词或动词不定式。
回答建议的表达方式
（1）同意对方的建议时，一般用：
Good idea. / That’s a good idea.
OK. / All right. / Yes, please. / Yes, I’d love to.
No problem. / I agree with you.
Sure. / Of course. / Certainly.
Yes, I think so.
（2）对对方的建议表示拒绝时，一般用：
I don’t think so. / Sorry, I can’t. / Sorry, but...
I’d love / like to, but... / I’m afraid...
同步检测
一、单项选择
1．— ________ reading takes up almost all my leisure time, I really get a lot from it.
—Reading helps us make progress.
A．As long as B．Although C．Unless
2．In life we all have those moments when we ________ ourselves with others. Don’t allow those moments to control you. Turn them into power and let them inspire (激励) you.
A．compare B．compete C．complete
3．Our school ________ the best learning environment for the students.
A．provides B．carries C．offers D．imagines
4．Never _______ your grades with _______. Just work hard at your lessons and try to improve yourself.
A．compete, other B．complete, others C．compare, others’
5．The girl is shy. She always feels ________ when speaking in front of her classmates.
A．excited B．lonely C．nervous
6. He has two sons. They are Jim and Tom. Jim is Tom’s brother.
A. old B. older C. elder D. young
7. The old man looks very unhappy, because he lives , and he feels very .
A. lonely；alone B. alone；lonely C. alone；alone D. lonely；alonely
8. ---Tom is very quiet, isn't he
---No, he isn't. He _______ his classmates. He is outgoing
A. get along well with B. get well with
C. is getting on well with D. is get well with
9. ---What’s wrong
---I can’t do my homework now. I my homework in the classroom this morning.
A. leave B. forget C. forgot D. left
10. I’m not sure. His father in the office.
A.maybe B. may be C. may D. is
二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone needs friends. But do you know how to find real friends and keep it ____1____ American writer named Sally tells young students some good ways to find friends.
Sally says finding friendship is just ____2____ planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.
She says you should first choose someone who can be a good friend. It doesn’t matter whether he has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and helpful. If you have a bad day, a good friend should be a good ____3____ (listen) and try his best ____4____ (help) you. If you want to make friends with someone, you should make each other live ____5____ (happy). But what should you do when you fight with your friend You may try to have a talk with him or her. If your friend ____6____ (not) want to talk, you can write a letter to tell him or her how you are ____7____ (feel).
Sally also tells us some small but important things, for example, celebrate your ____8____ (friend) success. Remember that friendship is one of the ____9____ (wonderful) things in your life. Life is great ____10____ you have friends.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 你可以给他打电话。
You can ______ him ______.
2. 他正在浏览一本杂志。
He is ________ ________a magazine.
3. 他和他的同学相处得不好。
He can’t get _______ ________his classmates.
4. 昨天他把词典还给我了。
He _______ the dictionary _______to me yesterday.
5. 商店里有各种各样的衣服。
There are all _______ ________ clothes in the store.
6. 你和你哥哥相处得怎么样
How are you　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　your elder brother
7. 不要总拿我和别的孩子做比较。
Don’t always　　　　　me　　　　　other children.
8. 他上周给我寄了张明信片。
He　　　　　a postcard　　　　　me last week.
9. 直到雨停了杰克才回家。
Jack　　　　　go home　　　　　the rain stopped.
10. 喝完咖啡之后, 我继续做作业。
After drinking a cup of coffee, I　　　　　 　　　　　my homework.
四、句型转换
1．Why don’t you ask your teacher for help （改为同义句）
______ ______ask your teacher for help
2．It’s time for breakfast. （改为同义句）
It’s time______ ______ ______.
3．He would like to offer us some help. （改为同义句）
He would like to______some help_____us.
4．I think he should tell the news to his father. （改为否定句）
I______ ______ ______ ______tell the news to his father.
5．These fans arrived very early. They could see their favorite stars. （合并成一个句子）
These fans arrived very early______ ______they could see their favorite stars.

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