资源简介

Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking
教材分析
【what】本板块 Reading and Thinking的主题是：人与自然---太空探索。内容以时间为线索，介绍人类探索太空的发展历程及重大历史事件。详细阐述了人类为探索浩瀚的宇宙所付出了怎样的努力（包括宇航员在探索过程中所付出的生命代价，但是失败和挫折并没有阻止人类探索太空的脚步）。我国在太空探索领域所取得的辉煌成就以及对人类太空探索事业的贡献，从而激发学生热爱科学和勇于探索的精神，增强爱国情怀和民族自豪感。
【why】通过阅读该语篇让学生了解人类探索太空的发展历程及重大历史事件，从而引起学生思考探索太空的意义和价值所在，增强民族自信心，学习科学家们的优秀品质，树立远大目标，体会到人类命运共同体的深层意义。
【How】该语篇类型是科普文。文章按照时间顺序简要介绍了人类探索太空的历史。运用作比较（中西方太空探索的成就）、举例子（列举了一些著名的历史性事件）等说明方法准确客观地展现人类进行太空探索内容。通过仔细研读语篇和设置有效任务，帮助学生识别语篇类型、提炼语篇主题、挖掘科学家和宇航员们的精神以及树立个人正确的价值观和远大目标。
通过本板块的学习，学生能够实现单元目标中的以下几点：
熟练掌握并运用本单元词汇、短语、语法和句型。能够讲述太空探索的发展历程，并能就相关话题提出自己的想法和建议。
能够识别和学习科学家们的优秀品质，并能说服他人鼓起勇气不畏艰难努力实现梦想。学生能够正确认识太空探索带来的积极影响，树立远大志向为世界贡献自己的力量。
教学重难点：1.熟悉相关话题，了解语篇特点。2.掌握辨析主题句和细节句的能力以及明白它们之间关系。3.能够根据文章的组织结构和上下文逻辑关系判断并还原文本中缺失的信息、准确而简练地归
Learning aims：
1. To figure out the main idea of each paragraph;
2.To learn about the development of space exploration;
3.To express opinions on space exploration.
Key points and difficult points
1. Familiarize oneself with relevant topics and understand the characteristics of discourse.
2. Master the ability to distinguish topic sentences and detail sentences, as well as understand their relationships.
3. Able to judge and restore missing information in the text accurately and concisely based on the organizational structure and contextual logical relationships of the article
Teaching procedures
Before---class: Word bank
1.gravity ________ 2.frontier ________
3.vehicle________ 4.universe_______
5.determined _________ 6.determine _________
7.satellite_________ 8.launch ______________
9.orbit___________ 10.giant _______________
11.leap_______ 12. mankind ____________
13.agency________ 14. Transmit_____________
15.data_______ 16. Disappointed____________
17.desire________ 18.carry out___________
19.ongoing________ 20.on board___________
21.independently_______ 22. Independent________
23.spacecraft_________ 24. spacewalk ________
25.jade__________ 26.dock_____________
27.signal_______ 28.in the hope of doing sth_________
Step one :
1. What kind of passage is it
A. A piece of news. B. A popular science article.
C. A travel journal. D. A novel.
2. Where can you find this kind of passage
A. newspaper B. novel C. magazine D. science book
Step two : While-reading: Read to fill gaps
阅读“七选五”要求考生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处将文章补充完整，其目的在于“考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”做题时需要明白整篇文章的主旨，文章整体的思路和每一段的用意以及作者写作的意图，理清段落之间和句子之间的逻辑关系也有助于把握文章的整体结构和思路。 【解题策略】
1 .从意思上判断
2. 从词汇上锁定线索 关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。
3. 从关联词作为切入点 英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路与更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。
【试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同】
1、若问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。
2、若问题在段尾
（1）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如 therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（2）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词。
（3）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节。因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。（4）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
3、若问题在段中理清文章的逻辑和结构并在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词
（i）并列与递进；（ii）因果；（iii）转折让步；（ii）时间顺序：afterwards, at first, at last, finally等, 以及一些具体的时间。
Step three : reading and comprehending----------paragraph one
Task 1 Read para. 1 and answer the following questions.
1. What do people want to do when looking up at the stars
_______________________________
Why do scientists make vehicles _
______________________________________________________
2. Read the first paragraph and fill in the blanks.
People have always wanted to learn more about ______, they make _______ to carry brave people into space: to _______ the secrets of the universe and hope to discover other planets that are ____________________________________.
3.(背诵句子) Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. They also wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
Task 2 --------paragraph two :
1.Read the paragraph2 and fill in the blanks.
Before the mid-20th century, scientists were determined to_______ space; succeeded in making _______ after many experiments;
On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was _________ by the USSR and successfully ______ around Earth;
On 12 April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin went into space;
On 20 July 1969, Neil Armstrong _______ onto the moon;
On 5 September 1977, Voyager 1 was launched to _____ deep space
2.(背诵句子) Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
Task 3----------Read para. 3 and answer the questions.
1.Why did the desire to explore the universe never die
_______________________________
What does the international Space Station do _____________________________________
2.Read paragraph3 and fill in the blanks.
All the astronauts on the USSR's Soyuz 11 and America's Challenger ____ during their missions. These disasters made everyone ___________________.The desire to explore the universe _________. The International Space Station was ________. It ______ Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, __________ a continuous human presence in space.
3.(背诵句子) Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. Despite the accidents and risks ,the desire to explore the universe will never die because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. One example is the International Space Station ,which orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
Task 4---------Read paragraph 4 and answer the questions.
1. Why did the desire to explore the universe never die
_____________________________
What does the international Space Station do ._____________________________________
2.Read the paragraph 4, then fill in the table
Launching Time Missions Astronauts achievements
2003
Shenzhou 5 Yang Liwei
Shenzhou 6 Completed a second manned orbit.
Sent to the moon to study its surface
Shenzhou 7 A space lab
Tiangong 2
Chang’e 4
3.(背诵句子)China’s space programme has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Since then, China has made a series of achievements.
Task 5---------Read para. 5 and choose the correct answer.
1.What is the author’s attitude of space exploration
A:pessimistic B:disappointed C: puzzled D: positive
观点态度题攻略表中立客观的：objective, neutral，factual表赞同或支持的：positive, approval, optimistic, hopeful表否定或批评：negative, disapproval, critical, pessimistic, doubtful无态度或态度不明：indifferent，unconcerned，uninterested（一般不会选）
Tips：熟悉常用词汇,全面理解文章的内容和中心恩想抓住关键词句，抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例注意流露作者思想倾向或感彩的形容词、副词等.3.(背诵句子 )
As for the future of space exploration, in spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future
Step four: Post-reading
Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists make v______ to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the u______ . They also wish to discover other planets that are_____ (suit) enough to support life. Some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s g_____. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. Despite the accidents and risks ,the desire to explore the universe will never die because people believe in the importance of carrying___ space exploration. One example is the International Space Station ,which o _____Earth and has astronauts from different countries on b____, providing a continuous human presence in space. China’s space programme has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to__________ (independent) send humans into space in 2003, __________ Yang Liwei successfully_______ (orbit)Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Since then, China has made a s _______of achievements. As f____ the future of space exploration, in spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future .
Homework: Write an article about space exploration
教学反思：
备课是一个必不可少，十分重要的环节。备课不充分或者备得不好，会严重影响
课堂气氛和积极性。我明白到备课的重要性，因此，每天我都花费大量的时间在备课之上，认认真真钻研教材和教法，不满意就不收工。虽然辛苦，但事实证明是值得的。备课充分，能调动学生的积极性，上课效果就好。但同时又要有驾驭课堂的能力，因为学生在课堂上的一举一动都会直接影响课堂教学。因此上课一定要设法令学生投入，不让其分心，这就很讲究方法了。上课内容丰富，现实。教态自然，讲课生动，难易适中照顾全部，就自然能够吸引住学生。所以，老师每天都要有充足的精神，让学生感受到一种自然气氛。这样，授课就事半功倍。回看自己的授课，我感到有点愧疚，因为有时我并不能很好地做到这点。当学生在课堂上无心向学，违反纪律时，我的情绪就受到影响，并且把这带到教学中，让原本正常的讲课受到冲击，发挥不到应有的水平，以致影响教学效果。我以后必须努力克服，研究方法，采取有利方法解决当中困难。

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