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必修一Unit 4重点单词及用法总结
rescue n.& vt.援救；营救
援救某人come to one’s rescue 把……从……中营救出来rescue…from…
发生故障break down 最终at length
2 . damage　vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失；[复数] 损害赔偿金
对……造成损害do/cause damage to 毁坏名誉damage one’s reputation
遭受严重损害be badly damaged 多少钱？What’s the damage
3 . affect　vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 effect n.作用；影响
被深深打动be deeply affected by 对……产生影响have an effect on
就我而言as far as I’m concerned 不假思索地without thinking twice
突然哭了起来burst into tears 很大程度上to a great extent
shelter　n.[C] 避难处 [U] 居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
躲避……shelter from
set up 设立，建立 roadblock n.路障
出发set off/out 记下set down 把……放在一边set aside
着手做某事set out to do = set about doing = get down to doing
come to an end 结束
以……而告终end up with... 使……结束bring...to an end
最后in the end 当……结束的时候，在……的末端at the end of
到……为止by the end of（常与完成时连用）
ruin　n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏 passer-by n.过路人 excessive adj.过量的
毁灭be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪fall into ruins
自我毁灭ruin oneself 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruin one's hope/chance
shock　n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊
shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的（形容人） shocking adj.令人震惊的（形容物）
对……吃惊be shocked at/by 做某事很吃惊be shocked to do sth
震惊地in shock 让某人震惊的是to one’s shock
对某人来说是极大的震惊be a great shock to sb
trap　vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 　n.险境；陷阱
被困……；陷于……be trapped in 掉进陷阱；落入圈套fall into a trap
诱使某人(做)某事trap sb into (doing) sth 给某人设圈套set a trap for...
哄骗某人做某事cheat sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事persuade sb into doing sth
某人可能做某事sb be likely to do sth
likely可能的 unlikely不可能的 alike像 unlike不像
bury vt. 埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
专心于；沉浸于be buried in=be absorbed in=be engaged in=concentrate on=focus on
death n.死亡 die vi.死 dead adj.死的 dying adj.垂死的
死者the dead 灭绝die out 死于……die of/from
渴望(做)……be dying/anxious/eager/thirsty for/to do...
starving adj.饿极了的 starvation n.饥饿 starve v. 饿死
effort　n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
不遗余力做某事spare no efforts to do sth 共同努力joint effort
为做成某事in an effort to do sth 不费力地without effort
努力做某事make efforts to do sth = make an/every effort to do sth
得到回报；还清pay off 迟早sooner or later
breathe v.呼吸 breath n.呼吸
吸气breathe in 呼气breathe out
上气不接下气out of breath 屏住呼吸hold one's breath
喘不过气来lose one's breath 深呼吸take a deep breath
suffer vt.遭受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
sufferer n. 受难者 suffering [C]痛苦，苦恼 [U]疼痛，折磨
因……而受苦，患……病suffer from
因为as a result/consequence of 结果是as a result/consequence, consequently
the number of ……的数量 a number of大量的
表示大量的单词或短语
接可数名词复数的有a number of, quite a few, a great many, numerous, myriads of (无数的)
接不可数名词复数的有a large amount of, a great deal of, a large sum of
接可数名词复数或者不可数名词复数的有quantities of, substantial, tons of
supply n. & vt.供应
供应短缺in short supply 供求关系supply and demand
备有充足的……have a sufficient supply of
给某人提供某物supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb
provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
轮到某人做某事It is one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人in one’s turn
轮流by turns 反过来in turn 作为回报in return 值班be on duty
survive vi.生存 vt. 幸存 survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存
幸免于survive sth 依靠……生存survive on sth
A比B活得长A survive B (by...)
crash vi.& vt.碰撞；撞击 n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；碰撞
撞到……里crash into 当场on the spot
power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 powerful adj.强大的；强有力的
停电a power failure/cut 发电厂a power plant
力所能及within one's power 不能胜任beyond one's power
掌权(强调动作)come to power 掌权(强调状态) be in power
够不着beyond one’s reach 超乎想象beyond one’s imagination
风/太阳/核能wind/solar/nuclear power ideal adj.理想的
calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 　 vt.使平静；使镇静
平静下来calm down 使……平静下来calm...down
保持镇静keep/stay/remain calm
on hand 现有(尤其指帮助)
在手边；即将到来at hand 在手头；在进行中in hand
用手by hand 手拉手hand in hand
一方面……另一方面on one hand...on the other hand = for one thing...for another...
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫 obstacle n.障碍
消灭；彻底消除sweep away 打扫；横扫sweep up 清扫地板sweep the floor
wave　n.海浪；波浪；挥手 v.挥手；招手；波动；起伏
一阵/一股……a wave of 无线电波radio waves
向某人挥手wave to/at sb, give sb a wave 挥手wave one’s hand
strike vi.& vt.侵袭；袭击；击打 　n.罢工；罢课；袭击
被……击中/打动be struck by/with 某人突然想起……It strikes/struck sb that...
使……刻骨铭心strike...into one's heart 罢工 be/go on strike
magnificent adj.壮观的
deliver vi.& vt.递送；传达 vt.发表
生产；分娩be delivered of... = give birth to... 接生deliver a baby
递送某物给某人deliver sth to sb 发表演讲deliver a speech
effect n.影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的，起作用的
对……造成影响have an effect on 副作用side effect 开始起作用take effect
使……生效(人作主语)put/bring...into effect 生效(物作主语) come into effect
采取措施take measures
wisdom n.智慧 wise adj.充满智慧的 wisely adv.充满智慧地
至理名言words of wisdom
stand at 达特定水平（或数量、高度等）
突出stand out 袖手旁观stand by 象征stand for 起立stand up

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