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黔东南州2024届高三模拟统测
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Go to the playground. B. Get out of the elevator. C. Stop jumping in the elevator.
2. What will happen about the city center
A. There will be more pollution.
B. There will be more bicyele tracks.
C. There will be more parking areas.
3. How will the woman pay
A In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
4. Why is the woman unsatisfied with the fish
A. It tastes terrible. B. It is served too late. C. It's not what she ordered.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a theatre. C. At a gas station.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所维的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does the man want to speak to
A. Mary Jones. B. ack Stewart. C. David Bowie.
7. When will the training course start
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. Ob July 22nd.
听第7段材料。回答第8、9题。
8. How much is the rent for the extra large tent per day
A. $ 10. B. $ 50. C. $ 60.
9. What will the man do next
A. Reserve a tent. B. Look for a camping site. C. Change ber camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man tour the campus
A. On Monday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.
11. Which year of college are the speakers probably in now
A. The third year. B. The second year. C. The first year.
12. What activity will the man take part in on Tuesday morning
A. Library Tour. B. Student Union Induction. C. Careers Lecture.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What position is the man applying for
A. A music teacher. B. A radio host. C. A TV producer.
14. What does the man say about sending e-mails
A. He is good at it. B. He needs time to practice. C. He prefers making phone calls.
15. What does the job involve according to the woman
A. A lot of traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with complaints.
16. Who appears in the man's reference list
A. His former boss. B. His former classmate. C. His former colleague.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where does the race start
A. At the football ground. B. On the north side of the park. C. At the main entrance of the park.
19. What can every runner get this year
A. A water bottle. B. A T-shirt. C. A pair of running shoes.
20. Who can run in the race free of charge
A. Children under the age of 8. B. Children between 8 and 15. C. Adults who have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
A
Four Females Of Empowerment And Success
Given that the world has largely operated as a male-dominated society for most of human history, it comes as no surprise that women have faced lots of obstacles to succeed. But fortunately, times are changing. These four women overcame incredibly difficult barriers that enabled them to leave an everlasting mark.
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: The First Female Head of State in Africa
When Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was elected president of Liberia in 2006, she made history by becoming the first female head of an African nation. Throughout her 12 years as president, she did a lot to help rebuild civil war-torn Liberia's economy and infrastructure, and was even the 2011 winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
Benazir Bhutto: The First Female Prime Minister of Pakistan
Although Pakistan is a country where men traditionally hold power, this didn’t stop the voters from electing Benazir Bhutto as their prime minister, a first in the Muslim world. Among her contributions were championing women’s rights and improving social conditions for those struggling the most.
Jessica Cox: The World’s First Armless Pilot
The fact that Jessica Cox was born without arms didn’t stop her from achieving things that most people with arms are incapable of doing: namely, learning to fly an airplane. She did this by using her feet, which was how she performed other everyday tasks such as driving and typing! In becoming the world’s first licensed pilot without arms, she served as a powerful advocate for people with physical disabilities.
Katherine Johnson: The Mathematical Space Genius
Thanks to the 2016 film Hidden Figures, countless people are now familiar with Katherine Johnson’s amazing story. An employee at NASA who played an important role in the first moon landing, Johnson’s mathematical talents earned her the nickname "the human computer".
1. What did Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and Benazir Bhutto have in common
A. Winning a Nobel Prize. B. Urging the equality of women rights.
C. Being the first female political heads. D. Contributing to the economic recovery.
2. How was Jessica Cox different from other females
A. She devoted herself to space exploration. B. She struggled to gain access to education.
C. She was the first female to fly an airplane. D. She inspired people with physical disabilities.
3. Who rose to fame through a film
A. Katherine Johnson. B. Benazir Bhutto.
C. Jessica Cox. D. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.
B
If there’s one thing I’ve realized since becoming a male college student, it’s that finding a summer job is nearly impossible. I’ve applied to so many places and I’ve experienced so many interviews, but I always either get straight-up refusal or never hear from the company again.
One time, I even called one of the companies multiple times, but the manager avoided me. I was close to giving up. I felt like I was the only one struggling hard. I had a pretty good resume, and I always dressed nicely for my interviews, so why couldn’t I get a job
Well, the reason is actually right in front of me—I am a panies generally want students who can work all year long, but most of them aren’t willing to be flexible with schedules. I couldn’t tell you how many times interviewers told me that they were looking for someone permanent.
I tried looking for jobs marked as temporary ones. And I even once tried to apply through a temporary agency. But it didn’t work. Even if I wanted to work during the school year, none of the companies wanted to hire me because of my limited weekday availability. And despite not knowing if I could juggle (尽量兼顾) both school and a job, I even started to tell interviewers that I would like to work during the school year and give up my weekends. But I had no luck.
I’m not sure if there are others like me out there. But if you are going through something similar, what I want to tell you is to keep on trying. Despite being rejected so many times, I still applied for any job that I was qualified for. I even started my job search before the semester ended to get ahead. Eventually, I got my ideal summer job.
I know it’s frustrating, and you may feel like you’ve tried everything—that’s how I’ve felt for a long time. And now, with companies requiring years of experience, it’s even harder to get a job if you’re someone like me. But don’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up for sites that send you job offers and look on the university’s website for on-campus jobs.
4. What does the author want to convey in paragraph 2
A. His brilliant academic records.
B. The cause of his unemployment.
C. His jobless confusion in summer.
D. The social prejudice to graduates.
5. Why did the temporary agency fail the author
A. He was troubled with schoolwork.
B. He was thought to have tight work time.
C. He was unwilling to balance study and work.
D. He was regarded as an inexperienced student.
6. What can be concluded from paragraph 5
A. Well begun is half done.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Everything comes to him who waits.
D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To give advice. B. To correct an error.
C. To compare occupations. D. To recall regrettable experiences.
C
By experiencing the sensations of the reality around us, we create a subjective understanding of what reality is. Language came into being with the development of mankind. It requires the use of more than one of the basic five human senses, which shows that language is a complex process that brings huge power along with it. This power is so strong that it can demonstrate that language can influence the way we think. Language can be an amazing tool for change, both positive and negative.
Language can completely change our perception of time. The changed perception of time isn’t the only way language affects how we think. Our sense of self is also significantly changed, especially if a person is bilingual (双语的). Depending on which language a person who is bilingual is using, his sense of self changes. The differences may even become so great as to change his personalities.
Word teaching plays an important part in education, so to expand language is to expand the ability to think. We can see this in children, whose thinking develops hand in hand with language. It helps a great deal to increase their “word power” by learning new words in order to develop new ideas and new ways of thinking.
The increase in “word power” extends to those who lack the sense of hearing, thanks to the modern invention of sign language. Since the beginning, sign language has allowed deaf people to become fully literate. Whether we are deaf or not, language transforms experience and connects us to the past as well as the future. Be mindful of how important language is to our perception of reality and all its various aspects, and we can empower ourselves beyond our present limitations and expand our awareness.
8. What is the relationship between language and senses
A. Opposite. B. Correlative. C. Independent. D. Competitive.
9. What does paragraph 2 highlight about language
A. Its role. B. Its formation.
C Its changes. D. Its differences.
10. How can children’s thinking ability be developed according to the text
A. By enlarging their vocabulary.
B. By learning about their limitations.
C. By changing their ways of speaking.
D. By transforming their past experiences.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Why Does Language Connect Us Closely
B When Should We Achieve Language Skills
C. How Does Language Influence Our Thoughts
D. What Should We Do to Learn Language Well
D
A team of physicists at the University of Edinburgh, working with an infection and immunity specialist, has, via experimentation, validated a theory to explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless of humidity (湿度) levels.
Generally, paint should dry faster on an outdoor fence on a dry day than when it is humid because evaporation (蒸发) occurs faster when the air around a liquid source is drier. But evidence suggests this is not the case for paint and some other liquids. Chemist Salmon and his colleagues developed a theory to explain why. They suggested it is because large molecules in the liquid are pulled to the surface during evaporation, forming a “polarization layer” that prevents evaporation, and by extension, drying. In this new effort, the research team worked to test this theory.
The researchers drilled five holes into a short cylinder (圆柱体) and inserted glass tubes in a horizontal position — each was then sealed in place. They then added a quantity of PVA, a kind of chemical substance, into the cylinder, which they placed on a scale. They poured a thin layer of oil on top of the liquid to prevent surface evaporation. The final touch involved placing an air flow box over the top of the cylinder to allow for controlling humidity levels. The team then ran multiple 17-hour trials to determine evaporation rates, using the scale to measure how much liquid evaporated from the tubes at different humidity levels, ranging from 25% to 90%.
The researchers found that as expected, evaporation rates remained constant for approximately three hours. But then, rates plummeted, as was theorized by Salmon, regardless of humidity levels. The evaporation rate didn’t decrease as humidity increased during the initial three hours. However, the theory only appeared to hold for humidity levels up to 80% — at rates higher than that, evaporation did slow down, which the team suggested was likely due to some other forces.
The researchers suggested their work could have medical applications as recent research efforts have shown that respiratory droplets (呼吸道飞沫) tend to form skins similar to those seen in the experimental equipment.
12. What is Salmon’s theory aimed at proving
A. The link between evaporation and drying time.
B. The connection between humidity and dryness.
C. The structure of the “polarization layer” on paint.
D. The impact of humidity on the drying rate of paint.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The test result. B. The post-test evaluation.
C. The research prediction. D. The experimental process.
14. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Fell. B. Kept. C. Disappeared. D. Accelerated.
15. How do the researchers find the study
A. It is tentative. B. It is effortless.
C. It is promising. D. It is controversial.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Vertical (垂直的) farming involves using vertically piled layers and other innovative resources to help your crops grow. ____16____ You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners.
Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth. ____17____
Save space. As a small, house owner, space is a big concern. However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience. ____18____ So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.
____19____ Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons.
Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive. In addition, insects will not have easy access to your plants since you’ll be gardening in a controlled environment. ____20____
A. Increase food production.
B. Produce food consistently.
C. Having a garden means you need to work with the space available.
D. It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements.
E. However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop.
F. So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice.
G It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Britni Ricard, the CEO of her own cosmetics company, became a landlord (房东) when she bought her first investment property. The apartment building has 10 units and many of the tenants (租房) are ____21____ women with children. That made her think of her own ____22____ growing up in public housing, and how difficult holidays could be for her mom.
“It was ____23____,” said Ricard. “My mom was a single woman ____24____ three children alone. ____25____ watching her struggle in my childhood, I just wanted to figure out, ‘How can I help ’”
Inspired by her own upbringing, Ricard decided to ____26____ to support her tenants. In November, Ricard ____27____ her tenants for a pre-holiday meeting and she delivered a ____28____ to her tenants: one month of free rent. Ricard also ____29____ to organize a seminar (研讨会) to help her tenants become homeowners.
Among the tenants touched by Ricard’s ____30____ was Kedesha Dunn, a single mother raising two boys. Dunn expressed her ____31____, emphasizing how Ricard’s gift would ____32____ financial stress and allow her family to ____33____ the holiday season.
Ricard’s act of compassion and ____34____ had a deep impact on the lives of her tenants, resonating far beyond the walls of the apartment building and inspiring communities to come together in times of ____35____.
21. A. busy B. poor C. great D. single
22. A. childhood B. neighborhood C. livelihood D. motherhood
23. A. impressive B. unforgettable C. tough D. awkward
24. A. educating B. raising C. carrying D. watching
25. A. Previously B. Extremely C. Occasionally D. Continuously
26. A. keep balance B. make sense C. take action D. get access
27. A. gathered B. found C. treated D. calmed
28. A. wish B. gift C. dream D. patent
29. A. learned B. extended C. offered D. longed
30. A. news B. goal C. ambition D. kindness
31. A. approval B. gratitude C. commitment D. excitement
32. A. ease B. recognise C. endure D. ignore
33. A. affect B. summarize C. enjoy D. resist
34. A. assessment B. trial C. gesture D. support
35. A. need B. order C. peace D. danger
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has haunched six improvement plans to boost a flagship high-quality grain project. The plans, ____36____ involve green storage brand promotion, quality tracking, mechanization, emergency supply and food loss ____37____(reduce), are experted to ensure sustainable national food security.
The green storage plan ____38____(propose) building new high-standard granaries (谷仓) and improving warehouses. A system to measure and control grain conditions should ____39____(establish), while the ability to clean grain is expected ____40____(improve).
The quality and brand improvement plan said that ____41____ 2025, the supply of high quality food will be more abundant, and the amount of high quality grain will see ____42____ annual increase of 10 percent. The country will cultivate more grain and oil brands with increasing market competitiveness.
The online and offline grain markets, which include emergency supply ____43____(center) and staple sitchens, should be improved to progress from “eating enough” to “eating ____44____(health) diet”.
The plan aims to improve quality and safety inspection and monitoring by using big data, the internet of things and other information technologies, further ______45______(ensure) authenticity and accuracy.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于本周日上午在体育中心举办武术比赛。请你给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他前去观看，内容包括：
1．比赛的时间、地点；
2．比赛内容；
3．观赛的益处。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：武术 martial arts
Dear Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being a train driver, I must concentrate on my driving when working. And on that particular day, I was glad for my outstanding attention.
From a distance, I spotted a small figure like a thin kid on the train tracks. Immediately, I rang the alarm, but no response. Observing carefully, I saw a boy lying on the tracks, unable to escape from my train, as his foot was stuck. I pulled the brakes with all my might as soon as I could. Luckily, the train stopped a few inches from the boy, who was crying loudly in fear.
I approached him, asking how he felt and whether I could give a hand. After getting his permission, I cautiously checked how his foot was stuck in the tracks. And after a few pulls, the boy's foot came out finally. Hugging him and making sure everything was okay, I asked whether I needed to call his parents. To my astonishment, the child said nothing, just looking at me with his tearful eyes. Considering it was dangerous to leave the boy alone, I decided to take him to my home after work.
Arriving at my home, I introduced him to my wife, Amelia. She looked at the child in surprise for a while, but she calmed down quickly and asked whether the boy remembered her. The boy nodded. Amelia explained to me that she had just walked out of the supermarket with some bread and vegetables the other day, when a group of bad guys blocked her way. Just then, a little boy ran toward them and screamed to attract the police, which at last saved her. Here stood the brave boy.
In the following hours, we chatted with each other, and thus we knew that the kid was named Tom and he was abandoned by his parents and became an orphan who had been alone on the streets for years. As we didn’t have any children, we were determined to adopt Tom.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told Tom our decision, waiting for his answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, we opened our bedroom door and saw Tom standing there.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________黔东南州2024届高三模拟统测
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Go to the playground. B. Get out of the elevator. C. Stop jumping in the elevator.
2. What will happen about the city center
A. There will be more pollution.
B. There will be more bicyele tracks.
C. There will be more parking areas.
3. How will the woman pay
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
4. Why is the woman unsatisfied with the fish
A. It tastes terrible. B. It is served too late. C. It's not what she ordered.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a theatre. C. At a gas station.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所维的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does the man want to speak to
A. Mary Jones. B. ack Stewart. C. David Bowie.
7. When will the training course start
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. Ob July 22nd.
听第7段材料。回答第8、9题。
8. How much is the rent for the extra large tent per day
A $ 10. B. $ 50. C. $ 60.
9. What will the man do next
A. Reserve a tent. B. Look for a camping site. C. Change ber camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man tour the campus
A. On Monday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.
11. Which year of college are the speakers probably in now
A. The third year. B. The second year. C. The first year.
12. What activity will the man take part in on Tuesday morning
A. Library Tour. B. Student Union Induction. C. Careers Lecture.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What position is the man applying for
A. A music teacher. B. A radio host. C. A TV producer.
14. What does the man say about sending e-mails
A. He is good at it. B. He needs time to practice. C. He prefers making phone calls.
15. What does the job involve according to the woman
A. A lot of traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with complaints.
16. Who appears in the man's reference list
A. His former boss. B. His former classmate. C. His former colleague.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where does the race start
A. At the football ground. B. On the north side of the park. C. At the main entrance of the park.
19. What can every runner get this year
A. A water bottle. B. A T-shirt. C. A pair of running shoes.
20. Who can run in the race free of charge
A. Children under the age of 8. B. Children between 8 and 15. C. Adults who have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
A
Four Females Of Empowerment And Success
Given that the world has largely operated as a male-dominated society for most of human history, it comes as no surprise that women have faced lots of obstacles to succeed. But fortunately, times are changing. These four women overcame incredibly difficult barriers that enabled them to leave an everlasting mark.
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: The First Female Head of State in Africa
When Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was elected president of Liberia in 2006, she made history by becoming the first female head of an African nation. Throughout her 12 years as president, she did a lot to help rebuild civil war-torn Liberia's economy and infrastructure, and was even the 2011 winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
Benazir Bhutto: The First Female Prime Minister of Pakistan
Although Pakistan is a country where men traditionally hold power, this didn’t stop the voters from electing Benazir Bhutto as their prime minister, a first in the Muslim world. Among her contributions were championing women’s rights and improving social conditions for those struggling the most.
Jessica Cox: The World’s First Armless Pilot
The fact that Jessica Cox was born without arms didn’t stop her from achieving things that most people with arms are incapable of doing: namely, learning to fly an airplane. She did this by using her feet, which was how she performed other everyday tasks such as driving and typing! In becoming the world’s first licensed pilot without arms, she served as a powerful advocate for people with physical disabilities.
Katherine Johnson: The Mathematical Space Genius
Thanks to the 2016 film Hidden Figures, countless people are now familiar with Katherine Johnson’s amazing story. An employee at NASA who played an important role in the first moon landing, Johnson’s mathematical talents earned her the nickname "the human computer".
1. What did Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and Benazir Bhutto have in common
A. Winning a Nobel Prize. B. Urging the equality of women rights.
C. Being the first female political heads. D. Contributing to the economic recovery.
2. How was Jessica Cox different from other females
A. She devoted herself to space exploration. B. She struggled to gain access to education.
C. She was the first female to fly an airplane. D. She inspired people with physical disabilities.
3. Who rose to fame through a film
A. Katherine Johnson. B. Benazir Bhutto.
C. Jessica Cox. D. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几位成功女性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was elected president of Liberia in 2006, she made history by becoming the first female head of an African nation. (当埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫在2006年当选利比里亚总统时，她创造了历史，成为第一位非洲国家的女性领导人。)”和文章第三段“Although Pakistan is a country where men traditionally hold power, this didn’t stop the voters from electing Benazir Bhutto as their prime minister, a first in the Muslim world. (尽管巴基斯坦是一个传统上由男性掌权的国家，但这并没有阻止选民选举贝娜齐尔·布托为他们的总理，这在穆斯林世界是第一次。)”可知，Ellen Johnson Sirleaf和Benazir Bhutto的共同之处在于她们是各自国家的首位女性领导人。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The fact that Jessica Cox was born without arms didn’t stop her from achieving things that most people with arms are incapable of doing: namely, learning to fly an airplane. She did this by using her feet, which was how she performed other everyday tasks such as driving and typing! In becoming the world’s first licensed pilot without arms, she served as a powerful advocate for people with physical disabilities. (杰西卡·考克斯(Jessica Cox)出生时没有手臂，但这并没有阻止她完成大多数有手臂的人无法完成的事情：也就是说，学会驾驶飞机。她用脚来做这件事，这是她完成其他日常任务的方式，比如开车和打字！在成为世界上第一个没有手臂的有执照的飞行员时，她成为了身体残疾人士的有力倡导者。)”可知，Jessica Cox身残志坚，成了第一位无臂女性飞机驾驶员，这鼓舞了很多身有残疾的人。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thanks to the 2016 film Hidden Figures, countless people are now familiar with Katherine Johnson’s amazing story. (多亏了2016年的电影《隐藏人物》，无数人现在熟悉了凯瑟琳·约翰逊的神奇故事。)”可知，Katherine Johnson是通过一部电影被广泛知晓的。故选A。
B
If there’s one thing I’ve realized since becoming a male college student, it’s that finding a summer job is nearly impossible. I’ve applied to so many places and I’ve experienced so many interviews, but I always either get straight-up refusal or never hear from the company again.
One time, I even called one of the companies multiple times, but the manager avoided me. I was close to giving up. I felt like I was the only one struggling hard. I had a pretty good resume, and I always dressed nicely for my interviews, so why couldn’t I get a job
Well, the reason is actually right in front of me—I am a panies generally want students who can work all year long, but most of them aren’t willing to be flexible with schedules. I couldn’t tell you how many times interviewers told me that they were looking for someone permanent.
I tried looking for jobs marked as temporary ones. And I even once tried to apply through a temporary agency. But it didn’t work. Even if I wanted to work during the school year, none of the companies wanted to hire me because of my limited weekday availability. And despite not knowing if I could juggle (尽量兼顾) both school and a job, I even started to tell interviewers that I would like to work during the school year and give up my weekends. But I had no luck.
I’m not sure if there are others like me out there. But if you are going through something similar, what I want to tell you is to keep on trying. Despite being rejected so many times, I still applied for any job that I was qualified for. I even started my job search before the semester ended to get ahead. Eventually, I got my ideal summer job.
I know it’s frustrating, and you may feel like you’ve tried everything—that’s how I’ve felt for a long time. And now, with companies requiring years of experience, it’s even harder to get a job if you’re someone like me. But don’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up for sites that send you job offers and look on the university’s website for on-campus jobs.
4. What does the author want to convey in paragraph 2
A. His brilliant academic records.
B. The cause of his unemployment.
C. His jobless confusion in summer.
D. The social prejudice to graduates.
5. Why did the temporary agency fail the author
A. He was troubled with schoolwork.
B. He was thought to have tight work time.
C. He was unwilling to balance study and work.
D. He was regarded as an inexperienced student.
6. What can be concluded from paragraph 5
A. Well begun is half done.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Everything comes to him who waits.
D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To give advice. B. To correct an error.
C. To compare occupations. D. To recall regrettable experiences.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者作为一名大学生找暑期工作频频受挫，但他没有放弃，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One time, I even called one of the companies multiple times, but the manager avoided me. I was close to giving up．I felt like I was the only one struggling hard. I had a pretty good resume, and I always dressed nicely for my interviews, so why couldn’t I get a job (有一次，我甚至多次给其中一家公司打电话，但经理没有见我。我几乎要放弃了。我觉得只有我一个人在苦苦挣扎。我有一份很好的简历，面试时我总是穿着得体，所以为什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，作者想在第2段中表达他失业时的困惑。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Even if I wanted to work during the school year, none of the companies wanted to hire me because of my limited weekday availability. And despite not knowing if I could juggle (尽量兼顾) both school and a job, I even started to tell interviewers that I would like to work during the school year and give up my weekends. But I had no luck. (即使我想在学年期间工作，也没有一家公司愿意雇佣我，因为我工作日的可用性有限。尽管我不知道自己是否能兼顾学校和工作，但我甚至开始告诉面试官，我想在学年工作，放弃周末。但我没有运气。)”可知，临时代理机构不愿意接纳作者是因为他们认为他工作时间很紧。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Despite being rejected so many times, I still applied for any job that I was qualified for. I even started my job search before the semester ended to get ahead. Eventually, I got my ideal summer job. (尽管被拒绝了很多次，我仍然申请了任何我有资格的工作。我甚至在学期结束前就开始找工作，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。)”可知，只要一个人愿意等待，事情必将会发生。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But don’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up for sites that send you job offers and look on the university’s website for on-campus jobs. (但不要放弃。继续搜索和申请，注册向你发送工作邀请的网站，并在大学网站上寻找校内工作。)”可知，作者写最后一段的主要目的是提供建议。故选A。
C
By experiencing the sensations of the reality around us, we create a subjective understanding of what reality is. Language came into being with the development of mankind. It requires the use of more than one of the basic five human senses, which shows that language is a complex process that brings huge power along with it. This power is so strong that it can demonstrate that language can influence the way we think. Language can be an amazing tool for change, both positive and negative.
Language can completely change our perception of time. The changed perception of time isn’t the only way language affects how we think. Our sense of self is also significantly changed, especially if a person is bilingual (双语的). Depending on which language a person who is bilingual is using, his sense of self changes. The differences may even become so great as to change his personalities.
Word teaching plays an important part in education, so to expand language is to expand the ability to think. We can see this in children, whose thinking develops hand in hand with language. It helps a great deal to increase their “word power” by learning new words in order to develop new ideas and new ways of thinking.
The increase in “word power” extends to those who lack the sense of hearing, thanks to the modern invention of sign language. Since the beginning, sign language has allowed deaf people to become fully literate. Whether we are deaf or not, language transforms experience and connects us to the past as well as the future. Be mindful of how important language is to our perception of reality and all its various aspects, and we can empower ourselves beyond our present limitations and expand our awareness.
8 What is the relationship between language and senses
A. Opposite. B. Correlative. C. Independent. D. Competitive.
9. What does paragraph 2 highlight about language
A. Its role. B. Its formation.
C. Its changes. D. Its differences.
10. How can children’s thinking ability be developed according to the text
A. By enlarging their vocabulary.
B. By learning about their limitations.
C. By changing their ways of speaking.
D. By transforming their past experiences.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Why Does Language Connect Us Closely
B. When Should We Achieve Language Skills
C. How Does Language Influence Our Thoughts
D. What Should We Do to Learn Language Well
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了语言对人类感知现实、思维方式以及认知能力的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“This power is so strong that it can demonstrate that language can influence the way we think.(这种力量如此强大，它可以证明语言可以影响我们的思维方式)”可知，出语言和感官之间有相关性。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Language can completely change our perception of time. The changed perception of time isn’t the only way language affects how we think. Our sense of self is also significantly changed, especially if a person is bilingual(语言可以完全改变我们对时间的感知。时间观念的改变并不是语言影响我们思考的唯一方式。我们的自我意识也会发生显著变化，尤其是当一个人会说两种语言的时候)”可知，第二段强调了语言的作用。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Word teaching plays an important part in education, so to expand language is to expand the ability to think. We can see this in children, whose thinking develops hand in hand with language (单词教学在教育中起着重要的作用，拓展语言就是拓展思维能力。我们可以在孩子身上看到这一点，他们的思维与语言密切相关)”可知，可以通过扩大词汇量培养孩子的思维能力。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Language came into being with the development of mankind. It requires the use of more than one of the basic five human senses, which shows that language is a complex process that brings huge power along with it(语言是随着人类的发展而产生的。它需要使用人类基本的五种感官中的一种以上，这表明语言是一个复杂的过程，它带来了巨大的力量)”、第二段“Depending on which language a person who is bilingual is using, his sense of self changes. The differences may even become so great as to change his personalities(一个会说两种语言的人，其自我意识会随着使用哪种语言而变化。这种差异甚至可能变得如此之大，以至于改变了他的个性)”以及最后一段“Whether we are deaf or not, language transforms experience and connects us to the past as well as the future. Be mindful of how important language is to our perception of reality and all its various aspects, and we can empower ourselves beyond our present limitations and expand our awareness.(无论我们是否失聪，语言都会改变我们的经历，并将我们与过去和未来联系起来。注意语言对我们感知现实及其各个方面的重要性，我们可以超越目前的局限，增强自己的能力，扩大我们的意识)”可知，本文主要讲的是语言如何影响我们的思维。故选C项。
D
A team of physicists at the University of Edinburgh, working with an infection and immunity specialist, has, via experimentation, validated a theory to explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless of humidity (湿度) levels.
Generally, paint should dry faster on an outdoor fence on a dry day than when it is humid because evaporation (蒸发) occurs faster when the air around a liquid source is drier. But evidence suggests this is not the case for paint and some other liquids. Chemist Salmon and his colleagues developed a theory to explain why. They suggested it is because large molecules in the liquid are pulled to the surface during evaporation, forming a “polarization layer” that prevents evaporation, and by extension, drying. In this new effort, the research team worked to test this theory.
The researchers drilled five holes into a short cylinder (圆柱体) and inserted glass tubes in a horizontal position — each was then sealed in place. They then added a quantity of PVA, a kind of chemical substance, into the cylinder, which they placed on a scale. They poured a thin layer of oil on top of the liquid to prevent surface evaporation. The final touch involved placing an air flow box over the top of the cylinder to allow for controlling humidity levels. The team then ran multiple 17-hour trials to determine evaporation rates, using the scale to measure how much liquid evaporated from the tubes at different humidity levels, ranging from 25% to 90%.
The researchers found that as expected, evaporation rates remained constant for approximately three hours. But then, rates plummeted, as was theorized by Salmon, regardless of humidity levels. The evaporation rate didn’t decrease as humidity increased during the initial three hours. However, the theory only appeared to hold for humidity levels up to 80% — at rates higher than that, evaporation did slow down, which the team suggested was likely due to some other forces.
The researchers suggested their work could have medical applications as recent research efforts have shown that respiratory droplets (呼吸道飞沫) tend to form skins similar to those seen in the experimental equipment.
12. What is Salmon’s theory aimed at proving
A. The link between evaporation and drying time.
B. The connection between humidity and dryness.
C. The structure of the “polarization layer” on paint.
D. The impact of humidity on the drying rate of paint.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The test result. B. The post-test evaluation.
C. The research prediction. D. The experimental process.
14. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Fell. B. Kept. C. Disappeared. D. Accelerated.
15. How do the researchers find the study
A. It is tentative. B. It is effortless.
C. It is promising. D. It is controversial.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了爱丁堡大学的一组物理学家通过实验验证了一个理论，该理论解释了为什么无论湿度水平如何，油漆都会以相同的速度干燥。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A team of physicists at the University of Edinburgh, working with an infection and immunity specialist, has, via experimentation, validated a theory to explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless of humidity(湿度)levels(爱丁堡大学的一个物理学家团队与一位感染和免疫专家合作，通过实验验证了一种理论，解释了为什么无论湿度水平如何，油漆都会以相同的速度干燥)”可知，萨蒙的理论试图证明湿度对油漆干燥速率的影响，故选D项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers drilled five holes into a short cylinder(圆柱体)and inserted glass tubes in a horizontal position—each was then sealed in place (研究人员在一个短圆柱体上钻了五个孔，并在水平位置插入玻璃管，然后将每个玻璃管密封到位)”、“They then added a quantity of PVA, a kind of chemical substance, into the cylinder, which they placed on a scale.(然后，他们在圆柱体中加入一定量的PVA，一种化学物质，并将其放在天平上)”以及“The final touch involved placing an air flow box over the top of the cylinder to allow for controlling humidity levels(最后一点是在气缸顶部放置一个气流箱，以控制湿度水平)”可推理出，本段按照实验步骤讲述了实验的过程，故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“They suggested it is because large molecules in the liquid are pulled to the surface during evaporation, forming a “polarization layer” that prevents evaporation, and by extension, drying. In this new effort, the research team worked to test this theory(他们认为，这是因为在蒸发过程中，液体中的大分子被拉到表面，形成了一个“偏振层”，阻止蒸发，进而阻止干燥。在这项新的研究中，研究小组努力验证这一理论)”以及第四段“as was theorized by Salmon, regardless of humidity levels(正如萨蒙所推测的那样，无论湿度水平如何)”可推理第四段出划线词的含义为“下降”，故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers suggested their work could have medical applications as recent research efforts have shown that respiratory droplets(呼吸道飞沫)tend to form skins similar to those seen in the experimental equipment.( 研究人员认为他们的研究可能有医学应用，因为最近的研究表明，呼吸道飞沫往往会形成与实验设备中观察到的类似的表皮)”可推理出，研究人员认为这项研究室有前途的，故选C项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Vertical (垂直的) farming involves using vertically piled layers and other innovative resources to help your crops grow. ____16____ You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners.
Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth. ____17____
Save space. As a small, house owner, space is a big concern. However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience. ____18____ So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.
____19____ Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons.
Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive. In addition, insects will not have easy access to your plants since you’ll be gardening in a controlled environment. ____20____
A. Increase food production.
B. Produce food consistently.
C. Having a garden means you need to work with the space available.
D. It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements.
E. However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop.
F. So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice.
G. It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了垂直农业带来的几个好处。
【16题详解】
根据下文“You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners.(你可以利用家里的小空间种植你的植物。下面是垂直农业对小户主的一些好处。)”可知，空处应介绍垂直农业的好处。D项：It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements.(它很方便，不会给你的生活安排带来任何不便。)符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据段落小标题“Reduce water usage.(减少水的使用)”和上文“If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth.(如果你的植物以传统的方式种植，你将需要大量的水来跟上你的植物的生长。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明垂直农业可以节约用水。E项中的“water usage will dramatically drop”和标题对应。E项：However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop.(然而，如果你投资垂直农业，你的用水量将大大下降。)符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience.(然而，垂直农业确保你可以在家里创造一个花园，并充分享受这种体验。)”和下文“So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.(所以，如果你的目标是节省家里的空间，仍然有一个花园，垂直农业是完美的。)”可知，空处承上启下，讲述了垂直农业可以帮助我们充分利用闲置空间。G项：It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless.(它使你能够充分利用墙壁和空间，否则就会变得无用。)符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons.(垂直农业主要在室内进行，完全取决于你提供最好的条件。有了承诺，无论季节如何，您都可以持续确保粮食生产的一致性。)”可知，本段主要介绍了垂直农业可以不受季节的限制，一年四季都能产出食物。B项：Produce food consistently.(持续生产食物。)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive.(减少化学药品和杀虫剂的使用。垂直花园不需要你投资杀虫剂和化肥来保持你的植物存活。)”可知，垂直农业减少了对杀虫剂和化学肥料的使用，F项：So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice.(所以种植的食物是有机的，可以安全食用，是一个很好的选择。)符合语境，讲述了这么做的好处，即可以产生有机绿色食物。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Britni Ricard the CEO of her own cosmetics company, became a landlord (房东) when she bought her first investment property. The apartment building has 10 units and many of the tenants (租房) are ____21____ women with children. That made her think of her own ____22____ growing up in public housing, and how difficult holidays could be for her mom.
“It was ____23____,” said Ricard. “My mom was a single woman ____24____ three children alone. ____25____ watching her struggle in my childhood, I just wanted to figure out, ‘How can I help ’”
Inspired by her own upbringing, Ricard decided to ____26____ to support her tenants. In November, Ricard ____27____ her tenants for a pre-holiday meeting and she delivered a ____28____ to her tenants: one month of free rent. Ricard also ____29____ to organize a seminar (研讨会) to help her tenants become homeowners.
Among the tenants touched by Ricard’s ____30____ was Kedesha Dunn, a single mother raising two boys. Dunn expressed her ____31____, emphasizing how Ricard’s gift would ____32____ financial stress and allow her family to ____33____ the holiday season.
Ricard’s act of compassion and ____34____ had a deep impact on the lives of her tenants, resonating far beyond the walls of the apartment building and inspiring communities to come together in times of ____35____.
21. A. busy B. poor C. great D. single
22. A. childhood B. neighborhood C. livelihood D. motherhood
23. A. impressive B. unforgettable C. tough D. awkward
24. A. educating B. raising C. carrying D. watching
25. A. Previously B. Extremely C. Occasionally D. Continuously
26. A. keep balance B. make sense C. take action D. get access
27. A. gathered B. found C. treated D. calmed
28. A. wish B. gift C. dream D. patent
29. A. learned B. extended C. offered D. longed
30. A. news B. goal C. ambition D. kindness
31. A. approval B. gratitude C. commitment D. excitement
32. A. ease B. recognise C. endure D. ignore
33. A. affect B. summarize C. enjoy D. resist
34. A. assessment B. trial C. gesture D. support
35. A. need B. order C. peace D. danger
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Britni Ricard看到自己的公寓楼里都是单身妈妈，想到了自己的童年经历，于是给房客们免除一个月房租，还提出组织一个研讨会，帮助她的房客成为房主。房客都被她的善举所感动。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公寓楼共有10个单元，许多住户都是带着孩子的单身女性。A. busy忙碌的；B. poor贫穷的；C. great好的；D. single单一的。根据后文“My mom was a single woman”以及“Inspired by her own upbringing, Ricard decided to”可知，里卡德帮助这些女性是因为这些女性和自己的妈妈一样，都是带着孩子的单身女性。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让她想起了自己在公共住房中长大的童年，以及她妈妈的假期是多么艰难。A. childhood童年；B. neighborhood邻居；C. livelihood生计；D. motherhood母亲身份。根据后文“growing up in public housing”可知，这些女性让她想起了自己在公共住房中长大的童年，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这很艰难，”里卡德说。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. tough艰难的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“how difficult holidays could be for her mom”可知，她和妈妈的日子艰难。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈是单身女性，独自抚养三个孩子。”A. educating教育；B. raising抚养，筹集；C. carrying搬运；D. watching观看。根据后文“three children alone”指里卡德的妈妈独自抚养三个孩子。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“在我的童年时代，我一直看着她的挣扎，我只是想弄清楚，‘我能帮上什么忙？’”A. Previously以前地；B. Extremely非常；C. Occasionally偶尔；D. Continuously持续地。根据后文“watching her struggle in my childhood”可知，在她的童年，一直看着母亲努力求生。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：受自己成长经历的启发，里卡德决定采取行动支持她的租户。A. keep balance保持平衡；B. make sense有道理；C. take action采取行动；D. get access进入。根据后文“one month of free rent.”可知，受自己成长经历的启发，里卡德决定采取行动支持她的租户，给租客免除一月房租。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年11月，里卡德召集房客们开了一个节前会议，她给房客们送了一份礼物：免一个月房租。A. gathered聚集；B. found找到；C. treated对待；D. calmed使平静。根据后文“her tenants for a pre-holiday meeting”指里卡德召集租客开会，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年11月，里卡德召集房客们开了一个节前会议，她给房客们送了一份礼物：免一个月房租。A. wish希望；B. gift礼物；C. dream梦想；D. patent专利。根据后文“one month of free rent”以及上文“to support her tenants”可知，免除一个月房租是她送给房客的礼物。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里卡德还提出组织一个研讨会，帮助她的房客成为房主。A. learned学习；B. extended扩大；C. offered提供，提出；D. longed渴望。根据后文“to organize a seminar”指她提出组织研讨会，应用offer。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：被里卡德的善意感动的房客中有一位叫凯德莎·邓恩的，她是一位抚养两个男孩的单身母亲。A. news新闻；B. goal目标；C. ambition抱负；D. kindness善良。根据上文“one month of free rent”以及“help her tenants become homeowners”可知指被里卡德的善意感动。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. approval赞成；B. gratitude感激；C. commitment承诺；D. excitement激动。根据上文“Among the tenants touched by Ricard’s”可知，邓恩被善举所感动，表达了感激之情。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. ease缓解；B. recognise认出；C. endure忍受；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“financial stress”以及上文提到免除了一月房租，所以是缓解了经济压力。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. affect影响；B. summarize总结；C. enjoy欣赏；D. resist抵抗。根据上文“financial stress and allow her family to”可知，里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，从而让邓恩的家人享受假期。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响，共鸣远远超出了公寓楼的墙壁，并激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。A. assessment评估；B. trial实验；C. gesture姿势；D. support支持。呼应上文“to support her tenants”指里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响，共鸣远远超出了公寓楼的墙壁，并激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。A. need需要；B. order订单；C. peace和平；D. danger危险。根据上文“inspiring communities to come together in times of”以及里卡德帮助单亲妈妈们的善举，可知，她的行为激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has haunched six improvement plans to boost a flagship high-quality grain project. The plans, ____36____ involve green storage brand promotion, quality tracking, mechanization, emergency supply and food loss ____37____(reduce), are experted to ensure sustainable national food security.
The green storage plan ____38____(propose) building new high-standard granaries (谷仓) and improving warehouses. A system to measure and control grain conditions should ____39____(establish), while the ability to clean grain is expected ____40____(improve).
The quality and brand improvement plan said that ____41____ 2025, the supply of high quality food will be more abundant, and the amount of high quality grain will see ____42____ annual increase of 10 percent. The country will cultivate more grain and oil brands with increasing market competitiveness.
The online and offline grain markets, which include emergency supply ____43____(center) and staple sitchens, should be improved to progress from “eating enough” to “eating ____44____(health) diet”.
The plan aims to improve quality and safety inspection and monitoring by using big data, the internet of things and other information technologies, further ______45______(ensure) authenticity and accuracy.
【答案】36. which
37. reduction
38. proposes
39. be established
40. to improve
41. by 42. an
43. centers
44. healthy
45. ensuring
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国已经启动了六项改善计划，以推动旗舰优质粮食项目。这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为The plans，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。此处作宾语，应用名词reduction，不可数。故填reduction。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：绿色仓储规划提出新建高标准粮仓，完善仓储设施。根据句意文可知，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填proposes。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：建立粮食状况监测和控制体系，提高粮食清洁能力。A system to measure and control grain conditions与establish为被动关系，应用被动语态，should后接动词原形。故填be established。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：建立粮食状况监测和控制体系，提高粮食清洁能力。固定短语be expected to do sth“预期做某事”。故填to improve。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：《质量和品牌提升计划》指出，到2025年，优质食品供应将更加丰富，优质粮食的数量将以每年10%的速度增长。根据句意可知，此处表示“到2025年”，应用介词by。故填by。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《质量和品牌提升计划》指出，到2025年，优质食品供应将更加丰富，优质粮食的数量将以每年10%的速度增长。此处泛指“一个每年10%的速度增长”，且annual首字母的发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：完善以应急供应中心、主粮仓库为主体的线上线下粮食市场，从上到下发展，从“吃饱”到“吃的健康”。 center可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表示多个中心。故填centers。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：完善以应急供应中心、主粮仓库为主体的线上线下粮食市场，从上到下发展。从“吃饱”到“吃的健康”。此处修饰名词，应用形容词healthy，作定语。故填healthy。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在通过使用大数据、物联网和其他信息技术来改善质量安全检查和监控，进一步确保真实性和准确性。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，ensure与前面的整个句子为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填ensuring。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于本周日上午在体育中心举办武术比赛。请你给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他前去观看，内容包括：
1．比赛的时间、地点；
2．比赛内容；
3．观赛的益处。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：武术 martial arts
Dear Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Smith,
Our school will hold a martial competition at the sports center at 9 o’clock this Sunday morning. I would like to invite you to watch it. The players come from different school’s martial arts teams, many of whom have won prizes in national competitions. You’ll enjoy famous traditional Chinese martial arts. Chinses martial arts, wushu in Chinese, is an important part of Chinese traditional culture. By watching the competition, you will have a better understanding of Chinese culture and it will also bring you joy.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他前去观看学校将于本周日上午在体育中心举办武术比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不同的：different→diverse
欣赏：enjoy→appreciate
重要的：important→significant
著名的：famous→well-known
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our school will hold a martial competition at the sports center at 9 o’clock this Sunday morning.
拓展句：Our school will hold a martial competition, which will be lauched at the sports center at 9 o’clock this Sunday morning.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The players come from different school’s martial arts teams, many of whom have won prizes in national competitions.（运用了介词+关系代词引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
By watching the competition, you will have a better understanding of Chinese culture and it will also bring you joy.（运用了动名词作宾语）
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being a train driver, I must concentrate on my driving when working. And on that particular day, I was glad for my outstanding attention.
From a distance, I spotted a small figure like a thin kid on the train tracks. Immediately, I rang the alarm, but no response. Observing carefully, I saw a boy lying on the tracks, unable to escape from my train, as his foot was stuck. I pulled the brakes with all my might as soon as I could. Luckily, the train stopped a few inches from the boy, who was crying loudly in fear.
I approached him, asking how he felt and whether I could give a hand. After getting his permission, I cautiously checked how his foot was stuck in the tracks. And after a few pulls, the boy's foot came out finally. Hugging him and making sure everything was okay, I asked whether I needed to call his parents. To my astonishment, the child said nothing, just looking at me with his tearful eyes. Considering it was dangerous to leave the boy alone, I decided to take him to my home after work.
Arriving at my home, I introduced him to my wife, Amelia. She looked at the child in surprise for a while, but she calmed down quickly and asked whether the boy remembered her. The boy nodded. Amelia explained to me that she had just walked out of the supermarket with some bread and vegetables the other day, when a group of bad guys blocked her way. Just then, a little boy ran toward them and screamed to attract the police, which at last saved her. Here stood the brave boy.
In the following hours, we chatted with each other, and thus we knew that the kid was named Tom and he was abandoned by his parents and became an orphan who had been alone on the streets for years. As we didn’t have any children, we were determined to adopt Tom.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told Tom our decision waiting for his answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, we opened our bedroom door and saw Tom standing there.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I told Tom our decision, waiting for his answer. Tom stared at me, with a mix of feelings — shock, delight, or something else. Amelia couldn’t wait to say in a soft and sweet voice, “Tom, I love you and I need you.” I could feel his struggle, so I smiled at him and hugged him gently. Knowing it was hard for him to accept the whole thing in a flash, I suggested a good night to think it over.
The next morning we opened our bedroom door and saw Tom standing there. Being somewhat embarrassed, he took one of my hands, “You won’t abandon me, right ” I nodded firmly and promised that we would treat him as our own, without cheating or abandonment. On hearing this, he hugged both of us tightly, saying affectionately, “Dad! Mom!” Later, he jumped and ran full of joy, “I have a new family! I have Dad and Mom! I am no longer an orphan.” You see, love can not only make someone a day, but also make strangers a new family.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在开火车的时候，看到一个小男孩躺在铁轨上。作者尽最大努力刹车，幸运的是，火车最终停了下来。救下小男孩后，作者询问是否要联系他的父母，小男孩什么话都没说，作者把小男孩带回了家。碰巧小男孩之前帮助过他的妻子Amelia。经过了解，小男孩名叫Tom，他被父母遗弃，成为了一个孤儿，在街上流浪了很多年。由于作者和妻子没有孩子，他们决定收养Tom。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我告诉Tom我们的决定，等着他的回答。”可知，第一段可描写听到作者夫妻要收养自己后Tom的反应，作者和妻子跟Tom的交流，Tom要考虑一番。
②有第二段首句内容“第二天早上，我们打开卧室的门，看见Tom站在那里。”可知，第二段可描写Tom接受了作者的提议，成为他们的孩子，作者保证不会遗弃Tom，Tom感到高兴。
2.续写线索：Tom听到要被作者收养——Tom情绪复杂——作者妻子竭力说服Tom——作者建议Tom好好思考——Tom接受提议——作者承诺不会遗弃Tom——Tom感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱：hug/embrace
②考虑：think over/consider
③抛弃：abandon/discard
④迫不及待做某事：can’t wait to do sth./be eager for doing sth.
情绪类
①震惊：shock/amazement
②尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knowing it was hard for him to accept the whole thing in a flash, I suggested a good night to think it over. (运用了现在分词作状语，省略了that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
I nodded firmly and promised that we would treat him as our own, without cheating or abandonment. (运用了that引导宾语从句)

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