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人教版中考一轮复习八年级下册7-8单元知识汇总及练习
单词
1.protection(n.)保护；保卫
2.huge(adj.)巨大的；极多的
3.treasure(n.)珠宝；财富
4.island(n.)岛
5.hurry(v.)匆忙；赶快
6.ship(n.)船
7.tool(n.)工具
8.mark(n.)迹象；记号；分数(v.) 做记号；打分
9.sand(n.)沙滩；沙
10.towards(prep.)朝；向；对着
11.land(n.)陆地；大地
12.fiction(n.)小说
13.technology(n.)科技；工艺
14.French(n.)法语
15.rock(n.)摇滚乐
16.forever(adv.)永远
17.abroad(adv.)在国外；到国外
18.southern(adj.)南方的
19.modern(adj.)现代的；当代的
20.success(n.)成功
21.belong(v.)属于；归属
22.laughter(n.)笑；笑声
23.beauty(n.)美；美丽
24.record(n.)唱片；记录；录制；录(音)
25.introduce(v.)介绍；引见
短语
1.any other+ _______________ 其他任何一个......
2. ___________ 就...随意问某人某事
3.one of the + _______________ 最....的....之一
4. ____________________世界上最....的....是什么？
5. _____________.保护....使不受；防御
6. _______________成功做成某事
7. ____________ 教某人有关.....内容
8. _______________派某人去做某事
9. ___________有某人/物正在做某事
10. _______________对某人友好
11. _______________完成做某事
12 _______________到达某地
13. _______________学习做某事
14. ___________看到某人正在做某事
15. ___________给某人取名为.......
16. _______________ 教某人某事
17. _______________用某物做某事
18. _______________喜欢做某事
19. _______________迫不及待做某事
20. _______________希望做某事
三、重点语法
现在完成时的构成
基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done)
①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语.
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）
现在完成时的用法
1. 表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或结果。强调的是现在还存在的影响，所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
2. 表示过去的动作或状态一直持续到现在（包括现在)，要和表示延续的时间状语(for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）)连用，与之所对应的动词要用延续性动词。
have gone (to)：去（某地）了 （现在或已在某地或在路上）。
have been (to): 去过或到过（某地）（表示某人过去的经历）。
四、写作
倡议书的写作
倡议书是发动人们开展某项具体活动的一种应用文体，目的是希望大家共同完成某项任务或开展某项公益活动。
倡议书的构成：
标题：简单概括倡议的内容。英语倡议书多数情况下省略。
称呼：可根据受倡议对象选用适当的称谓，如：Dear classmates，Ladies and gentlemen，Boys and girls 等。
正文：正文是倡议书的重要部分，主要写倡议的背景，倡议的对象、目的、内容、意义和要求。
结尾：表明倡议者的决心、希望以及建议，常用“Let's...！”“Why not...？”等提建议的句型。
落款：写倡议者的单位名称或发起人姓名。
写倡议书时的注意事项：
倡议书的内容要有新的时尚和精神，要切实可行。
倡议书的背景、目的要写清楚，理由要充分，措辞要恰当，情感要真挚，同时要富有鼓动性。
篇幅不宜太长。
范文欣赏
Some middle school students aren't doing enough in “advocating thrift and being civilized”．
We're sorry to see that there is still some waste in our school！For example，some often leave the taps on after washing their hands.In the dinning hall，a lot of food can be seen left after the meals.What's worse，we often find that waste paper is thrown everywhere，which makes others feel uncomfortable.In addition，some students like to write or draw on the wall or on the desk.
As middle school students，we should develop good habits and stop wasting anything.Let's do it from now on!
练习
单项选择
1．None of the shoes in the shop _________ me well. They are either too big or too small.
A．fit B．match C．suit D．make
2．Lily has a sweet _________. Listen, she is singing in the next room!
A．look B．noise C．voice D．sound
3．－When and where were you born
－I was born_______ October 1st, 1998 _______ Suzhou.
A．on; on B．in; in C．on; in D．in; on
4．—I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ________ with my friends at that time.
A．swim B．swam C．will swim D．was swimming
5．—Did you catch what the teacher said
—No. She spoke so fast ________ I couldn’t hear her very clearly.
A．which B．that C．when D．since
6．I often go to Sun Theatre, because I can buy the tickets ________ in the city.
A．more cheap B．the most cheap
C．more cheaply D．the most cheaply
7．My deskmate Lucy does her homework ________ in our class.
A．careful B．carefully C．the most careful D．the most carefully
8．This box is ________ that one.
A．heavy than B．so heavy than C．heavier as D．as heavy as
9．Lily is a kind girl. She gives me ________ help as she can.
A．as many B．as more C．as most D．as much
10．Don’t laugh at her. She is ________ any of the others in your class.
A．as clever a student as B．as a clever student as
C．so clever a student as D．so a clever student like
二、完型
As we know, COVID-19 has made our lives turn upside down. The situation is serious. We have to stay ____1____ every single day. Starting online classes is a big ____2____ because I can talk to my teachers and other students when we aren’t in the same room. But ____3____, I’m starting to get used to it.
Schoolwork is taking up most of my time here at home. But when I ____4____ breaks. I love to play board games with my family. Our favorite is scrabble（拼字游戏）.We ____5____ points by forming words from a set of tiles with letters of the alphabet（字母表）on them. It helps build up my ____6____.
We also like to play Battleship（《超级战舰》）.On ruled paper or a game board, we take turns calling “shots” at the other player’s ships. We must do it ourselves. No one can check their phones or ____7____ the TV during game time. My brother becomes more patient with me, as I like to take my time before each turn. Sometime, my mom has to ____8____ my dad to be a good loser, even though he is a grown-up.
Baking and ____9____ are always my favorite hobbies. I am trying out many new recipes. My family love the fun desserts and delicious snacks I cook, just as I love the ____10____ smell that fills the house!
1．A．outside B．outdoor C．inside D．hotel
2．A．change B．chance C．challenge D．choice
3．A．heavily B．nearly C．really D．slowly
4．A．make B．take C．shake D．spend
5．A．mark B．catch C．find D．score
6．A．grammar B．confidence C．vocabulary D．expressions
7．A．turn off B．turn on C．turn up D．turn down
8．A．let B．tell C．have D．see
9．A．cooking B．eating C．drinking D．finding
10．A．exciting B．interesting C．amazing D．smelly
三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Hong Kong is a modern city in ______（south）China.
2．The road to ________ (succeed) is to work.
3．Growing vegetables looks easy, but ________ (actual) it takes a lot of learning.
4．Alice used to enjoy the ________ (beautiful) of the sunset.
5．Happy ________ (laugh) is coming from the next room. They’re having a party now.
6．He will leave for Shanghai as soon as he ________ (finish) his work.
7．Yesterday I lost my pen so I _______ (borrow) one from my classmate.
8．Just now the cup _______ (drop) from the table.
9．Linda, turn down the music. Our _______ (neighbor) Mrs. Green and Mr. Smith can’t stand it.
10．Now lots of children don’t understand the idea of _______ (fair).
四、完成句子
1. 她开始认识到第二语言是多么重要。
She_________ _________ ____________how important a second language is.
2. 自从那时起, 海伦就当了一名服务员。
_________ _________ ____________, Helen has been a waitress.
3. 我还没去过那家超市。
I_________ _________ ____________that supermarket yet.
4. 老师已经向我们介绍过那本新书了。
The teacher_________ _________ the new book　　　　　us.
5. 那盘CD是谁录制的
Who　　　　　the CD_________ _________
6．中国是世界上最好的国家之一。
China is one of ________ ________ countries in the world.
7．保护环境并不太难。
It’s not too hard to ___________ the environment.
8．（中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。
China is one of ________ in the world.
9．据我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人造物体了。
___________, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.
10．（我们期待着游览这个小镇。
We are ________ ________ _________ _________ around the town.
五、按要求转换下列句型
1．Have you been to Shanghai Can I ask you (合并为一句)
Can I ask you ________ you ________ ________ ________ Shanghai
2．He worked here three years ago. (用since three years ago改写句子)
He ________ ________ here since three years ago.
3．Peter held a meeting with the workmates about the future plan. (一般疑问句)
________ Peter ________ a meeting with his workmates about the future plan
4．Her father has worked in the hospital for twenty years. （改为一般疑问句）
__________ her father __________ in the hospital for twenty years
5．Could we get something to drink after the movie （对问句作否定回答）
No, ________ _________. You have a basketball game tomorrow.

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