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人教版中考一轮复习八年级下册3-4单元知识汇总及练习
单词变形
1.relation (n.) →_______________(n.)关系；联系
→_______________(n.)亲戚；亲属
2.cloud (n.) →_______________(adj.)多云的
3.sweep (v.) →_______________（过去式/过去分词）打扫
4.throw (v.) →______________（过去式）→_________（过去分词）仍；掷
5.lend (v.) →___________（过去式/过去分词）借出
6.depend (v.) →_____________(adj.)独立的；自主的
→_____________(n.)独立
7.develop (v.) →_______________(adj.)发展中的→_______________(adj.)发达的→________(n.)发展；发育；成长8.drop (v.) →__________（过去式/过去分词）掉下
9.argue (v.) →_______________(n.)争吵
municate (v.) →___________(n.)沟通
11.explain (v.) →_______________(n.)解释；说明
12.compete (v.) →_______________(n.)比赛；竞争
13.ill (adj.) →______________(n.)疾病
14.fair (adj.) →_______________(n.)公正性
→_____________（反义词）不合理的
15.proper (adj.) →_____________(adv.)正确地；适当地
16.clear (adj.) →_______________(adv.)清楚地；清晰地
17.quick (adj.) →____________(adv.) 很快地
二、词组
as usual 与往常一样
feel nervous 感到紧张
not anymore 不再
instead of 而不是
in one’s opinion 以某人看来
under pressure 处于压力之下
deal with 处理
with the development of 随着…的发展
be a member of 成为…一员
become a member of 成为…的一员
argue with sb. 与某人争吵
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
compete with sb. 与某人竞争
offer sb. a job 给某人提供工作
offer sb. a seat 给某人让座
compare with sb. 与某人比较
continue to do sth. 继续去做
continue doing sth. 继续做
a quick breakfast 快速的早餐
三、重点句型
1. Could you please do sth / Could you please not do sth
=Would you please clean your room / Will you please do sth…
你能整理一下你的房间吗？
2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。
3. She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。
4. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。
5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
练习
一、单项选择
1. —Which do you like better, coffee or juice
—　　　　　of them. I like tea.
A. All　　　　B. Both　　　 C. Neither　　D. None
2. —Can I　　　　　your bike
—With pleasure. But you mustn’t　　　　　it to others.
A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend
C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow
3. —Great changes have taken place　　　　　we enter E-Times.
—Yeah. I agree with you.
A. before B. as soon as
C. when D. since
4. Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to　　　　　my sister at home.
A. take away B. take off
C. take care of D. take out of
5. —I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
—　　　　　. I have to clean up my bedroom.
A. So am I B. Neither am I
C. Neither I am D. So I am
6.A lot of old people are ________ because they usually have to live ________.
A.alone; alone B.lonely; alone
C.alone; lonely D.lonely; lonely
7.Thank you for _______ me the letter to tell me about it.
A. write B. writing C. writes D. to write
8.Your jeans are so dirty. You should do the ______.
A. reading B. dishes C. laundry D. sports
9.The rain beat ______the windows.I enjoyed the sound of rain.
A．to B．towards C．against D．at
10.My father wants to give up ________，but it's hard for him to ________．
A．smoke；give up it B．smoking；give up it
C．smoking；give it up D．smoke；give it up
二、阅读
A girl wrote to us and said that she was feeling lonely (孤独的) at break because her best friend wasn’t around. In fact, you may feel lonely at break or lunchtime if your friend moves to a different school or a different class. Then you want to have a new friend, but what can you do to make new friends Here’s our advice for the girl and for all the kids if they feel lonely sometimes.
Start by looking around your classroom and think about who you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hello to them and share something or express your appreciation(欣赏) to them. Invite(邀请) someone to play with you or say “Can I sit here ” in the dining hall.
When you’re at break, walk over to the kids you want to play with. Be friendly, and say “Hi, can I play, too ” or just join in. If you’re shy or you have trouble doing this, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually good at matching up friends.
The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind and friendly, share, say nice things and help others, and you’ll soon have one, or two, or even more new friends. You might still miss that special best friend, but when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before he or she left. You can even introduce him or her to your new friends!
1．Who is the passage written for
A．Teachers B．Parents C．Students D．Visitors
2．According to the passage, some kids feel lonely at break because they ________.
A．have trouble with their studies B．don’t have their best friends around
C．need their parents to be with them D．are too young to look after themselves
3．What does the underlined word “express” mean in Chinese
A．压榨 B．特快发运 C．隐藏 D．表达
4．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．How can we make new friends B．Why do the kids feel lonely
C．Why is friendship very important D．How can we be brave
三、完成句子
1. 不要坐在我前面, 我看不见黑板。
Don’t sit　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 me. I can’t see the blackboard.
2. 我每天下午带狗去散步。
I　　　　my dog　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 every afternoon.
3. 那个女孩整天努力学习。
The girl studied hard　　　　 　　　　　.
4. 没事时我喜欢和朋友一起闲逛。
I like to　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 my friends when I have nothing to do.5. 我妈妈总是很忙。
My mother is busy　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 .
6．上周，比尔和他的朋友打了一架。
Last week，Bill ______ ________ _____ ________ _____ his friend.
7．为什么不在电话中和她谈一下呢？
Why not talk with her ________ ________ ________
8．去年夏天他们去了北京，而今年夏天他们要去海南。
Last summer they went to Beijing. This summer they _____ ______ ___ Hainan ___．
9．让我们去爬山而不待在家里，好吗？
Let's go climbing ________ ________ staying at home，shall we
10．约翰主动提出要帮我修自行车。
John ________ ________ ________ me repair the bike.
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Sometimes parents think “Should we give the children chores Isn’t it the parents’ job ____1____ (provide) a clean and comfortable environment for children ” Now children have ____2____ (little) free time than before. Most of them have to go to after-school classes. ____3____ doing chores can really help children a lot. First, it helps children be ____4____ (independence) and learn to take care of themselves. Second, children ____5____ (help) out around the house become better team players. ____6____ (three), children will become more confident(自信的)when they find they are useful in ____7____ family. Fourth, most children do like to help their parents—they want to spend time with ____8____ (them) parents and do the same work ____9____ their parents. Finally, it is fair for children to do some ____10____ (chore). They live in one house with their parents, so they should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
五、句型转换
1．The girl is taller than her classmates. (同义句转换)
The girl is taller than ________ ________ ________ in her class.
2．I can’t work out the math problem without my teacher’s help. (改为同义句)
I am ____ ____ work out the math problem without my teacher’s help.
3．Disney characters were so cute that I kept taking photos. (改为同义句)
I ____ ____ taking photos of the Disney characters because they were so cute.
4．Simon arrived at the Hongshan Zoo 10 minutes ago. (改为同义句)
Simon____ ____ at Hongshan Zoo for 10 minutes.
5．They left Changsha an hour ago.(同义句转换）
They have _______________ Changsha for an hour.

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