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Vocabularies and Expressions in Unit 4
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents
1. until, so that, although 引导的状语从句
①until 引导时间状语从句
a.主句是肯定句时，且主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，强调主句的动作一直延续到从句的动 作发生时为止，译为“直到...为止 ”
I will stay here until you come back.我会一直呆在这里，直到你回来为止。
b. not...until... 主句是否定句，且主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，强调主句的动作是在从句动 作发生之后 才开始，译为“直到...才 ”
We didn’t start our discussion until he arrived.直到他到了，我们才开始讨论
②so that=in order that 以便、为了 引导目的状语从句
I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.我乘出租车以便能早点到那里。
③although=though 虽然；尽管 引导让步状语从句, although 和 though 不能与 but 连用
Although we are neighbors, I don’t know them well.虽然我们是邻居，但我不太了解他们。 2. 提建议的句型：
Let’s do sth. 咱们做某事吧。 OK. / That sounds good. / Good idea.
Why not do sth 为什么不做某事呢？ OK. / That sounds good. / Good idea.
Why don’t you do sth 你为什么不做某事呢？ OK. / That sounds good. / Good idea.
How /What about doing sth. OK. / That sounds good. / Good idea. You’d better (not) do sth. =You had better (not) do sth. 你最好（不要）做某事
Would you like to do sth 你想要做某事吗？ Yes, I’d like/love to.(to 不可被省略)
You should/shouldn’t do sth. 你应该/不应该做某事
Do/Would you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗？ 不介意回答：Not at all./certainly not./ Of course not.
3. allow v. 允许；准许
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
My parents don’t allow me to hung out with my friends on school days.
We don’t allow smoking in the hall.我们不允许在大厅里吸烟。
People are not allowed to talk loudly in the library.人们不被允许在图书馆里大声说话。 4. get into a fight with sb.=have a fight with sb.=fight with sb. 和某人吵架、打架
I get into a fight with my best friend. 我和我最好的朋友吵架了。
5. wrong adj.有毛病；错误的
There’s something wrong with my watch. 我手表出了问题。
He gave me a wrong phone number. 他给了我一个错误的电话号码。
What’s wrong (with you) 你哪里不舒服？ / What’s the matter (with you) 你怎么了？
6. look through 快速查看；浏览
It’s a good habit to look through the newspaper every morning. 每天早上翻看报纸是个好习惯。
look around 环顾四周 look at sb./sth 看某人/某物 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像
look after 照顾 look forward to..期待... look down on/upon 看不起
7. find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
find sb. do sth. 发现某人做过某事；发现某人经常做某事
I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹在翻看我的东西。 I find him enter the building.我发现他进了大楼。
8. guess v.猜测；猜
I guess you should say sorry to her.
Can you guess the word’s meaning
9. deal n. 协议；交易 v. (过去式 dealt) 处理
big deal 重要的事情 deal with 处理；应对
How did you deal with this problem
Don’t worry. It’s not a big deal. 别担心。没有什么大不了的。
This competition is a big deal to me. 这个比赛对我来说是件大事。
10. work out 解决
This math problem was so difficult that I couldn’t work it out. (代词放中间)
I can’t work out this math problem. It’s so difficult.
11. get on with sb.与某人和睦相处、关系良好=get on (well) with sb.=get along (well) with sb.
My problem is that I can’t get on with my family. 我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处了。
12. relation n. 关系；联系；交往（去 e 加 ion） relate v.与...相联系
relations 常用作复数形式 relations with sb. 与某人的关系
relations between A and B A 和 B 之间的关系
Relations between my parents have become difficult.我父母之间的关系已经变得困难、艰难、紧张。
municate v. 沟通；交流 ing 形式 communicating(去 e 加 ing)
communicate with sb.与某人交流、沟通
Why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother
munication n. 交流；沟通（常作不可数名词用）
Talking to your parents is a useful way of communication. 和父母交谈是一种有用的沟通方式。
Communication can help you to improve your relations with your parents.
沟通可以帮助你改善你与父母的关系。
15. argue v.争吵；争论 argument n. 争吵；争论(去 e 加 ment)
argue with sb. 与某人争吵、争论 have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵、争论
argue about sth. 就某事争吵、争论; 争论某事
It’s impolite to argue with parents. 和父母争吵是不礼貌的。
I’m sorry to have an argument with you.我很抱歉和你吵架。
16. cloud n.云；云朵（可数名词）
cloudy adj.多云的
Look at the black clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.看天空中的乌云。要下雨了。
When they argue, it’s like a big black cloud hanging over our home.(现在分词短语做后置定语，修饰 cloud) 当他们争论时，就像一大片乌云正笼罩在我们的家上空。
17. elder adj. 年纪较长的，用于表示家人之间的长幼关系，经常用来作定语，修饰名词 my elder sister 我的姐姐
older 可作表语或定语，指人时表示年龄的大小关系，指物时表示“ 比较旧的 ” My elder brother is 2 years older than me.My mom often lets me wear his old clothes. 我哥哥比我大 2 岁。我妈妈经常让我穿他的旧衣服。
18. be nice/kind/friendly/good to sb.对某人友好
19. instead adv. 代替；反而；却
instead+句子 句子+instead instead of+短语
My brother doesn’t allow me to watch my favorite TV show. Instead, he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 我哥哥不允许我看我最喜欢的电视节目。相反，他想看什么就看什么，直到深夜。
Mary isn’t here. Ask Lucy instead. 玛丽不在，去问露西吧。
instead of 相反，代替，而不是。instead of 后面的动词要加 ing
We will stay at home instead of going out these days. 这些天我们会呆在家里, 而不是出去。 20. whatever pron. 任何；每一
Whatever she did was right.她所做的人和事都是对的。
可以引导让步状语从句 Whatever happened I must be calm. 无论发生了什么事，我都必须保持冷静。 21. nervous adj. 紧张的；焦虑的
be nervous about 对 … …感到紧张、焦虑 feel nervous 感到紧张、焦虑
Sally always feels nervous when her teachers ask her to answer some questions.
当老师让她回答一些问题时，她总是感到紧张。
She was so nervous about her exams that she couldn’t fall asleep.
22. offer v.主动提出； 自愿给予；提供
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
She offered me a job.= She offered a job to me.她给我提供了一份工作。
I wanted to watch the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered to take me to watch.
我想看京剧，所以玲玲主动提出带我去看。
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物
23. proper adj.恰当的;合适的； 一般做定语或表语 properly adv. 正确地；恰当地
You should find a proper way to solve this problem.你应该找到一个恰当的方法来解决这个问题。 I don’t think her dress is proper for the party. 我认为她的裙子不适合那个聚会。
24. secondly adv. 第二；其次
常与 firstly, thirdly, lastly 等词连用，表示列举事实或理由等。
As students, firstly, we should obey the school rules. Secondly, we should listen carefully in class. Lastly, we should finish our homework on time.
25. explain v. 解释；说明 explanation n. (去 i 加 ation)
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 explain to sb. 向某人解释
Could you please explain the meaning of the word
explain + that 从句
26. clear adj. 清楚易懂的；晴朗的 clearly adv.
The question was very clear. 这个问题很清楚。
Do I make myself clear 我讲清楚了吗？
27. copy v. 抄袭；模仿; 复制；复印
单三 copies 过去式 copied ing 形式 copying
It’s wrong to copy others’ homework.抄袭别人的家庭作业是不对的。
28. return v. 归还；回来；返回
return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人=give sth. back to sb. return to+地点名词，回到某地
You must return the books to the library before next Monday. 你必须在下周一前把书还给图书馆。 29. anymore adv. 常用语否定句和疑问句末
not … anymore “不再... ；再也不..” 表示程度上或做某事的次数不再增加，也可写成 not..any more I won’t copy his homework anymore.我不会再抄他的作业了。
30. member n.成员；分子 family members 家庭成员
31. pressure n.压力 (不可数名词=stress) press v. 压；挤；按
under pressure 压力之下；put pressure on sb. 向某人施压
Don’t give children too much pressure.不要给孩子太多的压力。
My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.我父母给了我很多学习上的压力。 I’m not able to deal with the pressure from schoolwork.我无法应付来自学业的压力。
32. compete v. 竞争；对抗
compete with sb. 和...竞争 competition n. 竞争 competitor n. 竞争者；对手
The competitors come from all over the country. They compete with each other in the competition. 竞争者来自全国各地。他们在比赛中相互竞争。
33. opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
When you have different opinions with your parents, you should listen or talk to them.
in one’s opinion 在某人看来、依某人看=in one’s view
In my opinion, jogging is a great way to keep healthy.在我看来，慢跑是保持健康的一个好方法。 34. skill n.技巧；技能（可数名词） skilled skillful adj.
reading skills 阅读技巧 life skills 生活技能、技巧
35. push 督促；鞭策
push sb. to do sth.督促某人做某事 push sb. so hard 把某人逼得太紧
36. typical adj. 典型的
He is a typical Englishman.
The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国家庭。
the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人或者夫妇二人，其做主语时谓语动词用复数形式 37. cut out 删去；删除 动副短语
The first two sentences has nothing to do with the topic. You’d better cut them out.(代词放中间) 前两句话与这个主题无关。你最好把它们删掉。
I cut out two sentences in my article.我删掉了我文章中的两句话。
38. quick adj. 快的；迅速的；时间短暂的 quickly adv.
have a quick breakfast= have breakfast quickly
39. continue v. 持续；继续存在
继续做某事 continue doing sth.=continue to do sth.
The earthquake continued for two minutes.地震持续了两分钟。
She was tired, but she continued her work.她累了，但她继续工作。
pare v. 比较
compare ...with... 与... 比较、对比 (比较双方为同类事物)
Compare this pictures with that one carefully, you’ll find their differences.
compare …to … 把 … 比作 … (常用于比喻句中，表示两个不同性质事物之间的比较) We often compare children to flowers.
41. crazy adj.疯狂的；不理智的
be crazy about 对 … …着迷、疯狂；热衷于 … Are you crazy 你是疯了吗？
42. push v. 鞭策；督促；推动
push sb. to do sth. 督促、鞭策某人做某事 push sb. so hard 紧逼某人；把某人逼得太紧 Parents shouldn’t push their children so hard.父母不应该那么紧逼他们的孩子。
43. development n. 发展 develop v. 发展
the development of... 的发展
a developed country 一个发达国家 a developing country 一个发展中国家
Too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.太多的压力对孩子的发展不利。
With the development of the Internet, it will be easier to get information from all over the world. 随着互联网的发展，从世界各地获取信息将会更容易。
With the development of China, Chinese is widely used around the world.
随着中国的发展，汉语在世界各地被广泛使用。
44. cause v.造成；导致；引起 n.起因
cause sb. sth.=cause sth. for sb. 给某人造成某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 Sad movies can cause people to think more and feel unhappy.
悲伤的电影会让人们思考得更多，并感到不开心。
Don’t drive so fast. It may cause traffic accidents.不要开得这么快。可能会导致交通事故。 What’s the cause of the fire
Dr. Alice says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.
爱丽丝博士说，所有这些活动都会给孩子们造成很多压力。
45. usual adj. 通常的；寻常的 unusual adj.不寻常的
as usual 像往常一样
As usual, he was the last to arrive. 像往常一样，他是最后一个到达的人。 46. perhaps adv. 可能；大概；也许
perhaps=maybe,副词，常放在句首。
Perhaps/ Maybe Martin will try out the football team. 马丁可能会参加足球队的选拔。 Perhaps it will rain tomorrow.也许明天会下雨。
47. turn down 拒绝（反义词为 accept）；调小、调低音量（反义词为 turn up） turn down the TV 调小电视音量
turn on/off 打开/关闭（水、电、煤气）
48. from a young age 从小
Ma Long started to practice playing ping-pong from a young age.

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