资源简介

(共50张PPT)
Unit 4 Exploring Literature
1. devote vt. 致力于、把...奉献给...
She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.
她为照料无家可归者倾注了全部心血／奉献了一生。
devote oneself to ...致力、专心
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it.
如果你有一份工作，务必全身心地投入。
devotion n. 献身、专心
His devotion to the cause (事业) is inspiring.
devoted adj. 全心全意的
2. earnest adj. 非常认真的、诚实的、真诚的
He was a very earnest young man.
他是个非常认真的年轻人。
earnestly adv. 真诚地、认真地
3. butterfly n. 蝴蝶 butterflies [pl.]
have butterflies in one’s stomach 忐忑不安
4. in store (for sb.) 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)
You never know what's in store for you.
你永远不会知道等待你的是什么。
There's a shock in store for him when he gets home tonight!
今天晚上他回家的时候，将会有个惊人的消息等着他！
5. appeal vi. 有吸引力 (to)、呼吁
n. 吸引力、呼吁
It's a programme designed to appeal to 16 to 25-year-olds.
这个节目的目标观众主要是16到25岁的年轻人。
The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.
警方正向公众求助，请他们提供有关失踪女孩的任何信息。
Spielberg's movies have a wide appeal.
斯皮尔伯格的影片广受欢迎。
The police have issued an appeal to the public to stay away from the area over the weekend.
警察呼吁公众在周末远离这一地区。
appealing adj. 有吸引力的
6. determine vt./vi. 决心
Your health is determined in part by what you eat.
在某种程度上你的健康状况取决于你的饮食。
She determined that one day she would be an actor.
她决心将来当演员。
determine to do sth. 决心去做某事
be determined to do sth. 下定决心去做某事
determined adj. 意志坚定的
determination n. 决心
a determined look
7. significant adj. 有重要意义的
There has been a significant increase in the number of women students in recent years.
近年来，女学生的人数有了显著增加。
a significnat discovery 重大发现
significantly adv. 显著地
My piano playing has improved significantly since I started with a new teacher.
自从换了一位新老师，我的钢琴水平有了明显提高。
significance n. 重要性
8. description n. 描述、形容
Write a description of your favourite beach.
描述一下你最喜欢的海滨胜地。
She has given the police a very detailed/full description of the robber.
她向警察详细描述了抢劫者的相貌。
describe vt. 描述
He described the painting in detail.
他详细地描述了那幅油画的内容。
beyond description 难以描述
Her beauty is beyond description.
她的美无与伦比。
9. sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的、体贴的
Her reply showed that she was very sensitive to criticism.
她的回答表明她对批评很敏感。
sense n./vt. 感觉、感知
10. soul n. 灵魂、内心
She suffered greatly while she was alive, so let us hope her soul is now at peace.
她生前受过很多苦，所以我们希望现在她的灵魂能得到安宁。
For me her paintings somehow lack soul.
在我看来，她的绘画作品有些缺乏真情实感。
the soul of a book
一本书的精髓
11. reflect vt./vi. 反映、显示
The statistics reflect a change in people's spending habits.
这些统计数据显示出人们的消费习惯发生了变化。
Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature.
好的文学作品反映了人性最基本的内涵。
reflection n. 映像
In Greek mythology, Narcissus fell in love with his own reflection in a pool of water.
希腊神话中的那喀索斯爱上了自己在水池中的倒影。
On reflection, I decided I had been wrong.
经过审慎的思考，我认定以前是我错了。
reflect on ...对...进行反思
12. capable adj. 有能力的
A force ten wind is capable of blowing the roofs off houses.
10级的大风能吹走屋顶。
capability n. 能力、才能
These tests are beyond the capability of an average twelve-year-old.
这些测试超出了一个普通12岁孩子的能力。
incapable adj. 没有能力的
12. awaken vt./vi. 唤起
They were awakened by the sound of gunfire.
他们被枪声惊醒。
awake adj. 醒着的
I drink a lot of coffee to keep me awake.
我喝了很多咖啡以保持头脑清醒。
13. launch vt. 使(船)下水，发起
The programme was launched a year ago.
这项计划是1年前开始实施的。
The airline will launch its new transatlantic service next month.
这家航空公司下个月将开辟一条新的跨越大西洋的航线。
A spokesman said they hoped to launch the first submarine within two years.
船厂发言人说他们希望在两年内让第一艘潜艇下水。
launch a missile
发射导弹
14. permanence n. 永久、持久性
A loving family environment gives children that sense of stability and permanence which they need.
充满爱意的家庭氛围会给孩子带来他们所需的稳定感和安定感。
permanent adj. 永久的
temporary adj. 临时的
Are you looking for a temporary or a permanent job
你是想找一份临时的还是固定的工作？
The disease can cause permanent damage to the brain.
这种疾病可能导致大脑永久性损伤。
15. contain vt. 包含、含有、容纳
How much liquid do you think this bottle contains
你认为这个瓶可装多少液体？
I lost a file containing a lot of important documents.
我丢了一个装有大量重要文件的文件夹。
Try to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat.
尽量别吃脂肪含量高的食物。
container n.
容器
16. element n. 要素、基本部分 a part of something
The movie had all the elements of a good thriller.
这部电影具备了一部精彩的惊险片的一切要素。
17. universal adj. 普遍的
a universal truth
普遍真理
The new reforms have not met with universal approval within the party.
新的改革措施在政府内部还没有得到一致赞同。
universe n. 宇宙
uni- 统一的
18. summary n. 总结、概括
At the end of the news, they often give you a summary of the main stories.
在新闻结束的时候，他们常常会总结一下主要的新闻内容。
In summary, they decided against the proposal.
总而言之，他们决定反对这项提议。
summarize vt. 对...进行总结
feature n. 特色 [C] vt. 以......为特色
n.
Our latest model of phone has several new features.
我们最新款的电话机型有几个新特点。
面貌（特征）
Her eyes are her best feature. 她五官中眼睛最好看。
vt. 以......为特色
It's an Australian company whose logo features a red kangaroo.
这是一家澳大利亚公司，其标志是一只红色袋鼠。
This store features round-the-clock service.
这家商店的特色是24小时服务。
therefore adv. 因此、所以;
We were unable to get funding and therefore had to abandon the project.
我们无法筹到资金，因此不得不放弃计划。
We were unable to get funding; therefore, we had to abandon the project.
同义词：thus, so, ...
issue n. 重要的(社会或政治方面的)议题、争论的问题[C] vt. 宣布
①问题、议题
environmental/ethical/personal/health issues
环境／道德／个人 / 健康问题
Don't worry about who will do it - that's just a side issue.
不要担心这件事由谁来做——那只是次要问题。
②发布
The school issued a statement (声明) about its plans to the press.
学校就其计划向新闻界发表了一项声明。
novel n. 小说 [C] adj. 新颖的
historical/romantic novels
历史／爱情小说
His latest novel is selling really well.
他的最新小说非常畅销。
adj. 新颖的
a novel idea/suggestion
新颖的观点／建议
draw on v. 凭借、利用（信息或知识） draw - drew - drawn
His novels draw heavily (大多) on his childhood.
他的小说大多取材于自己的童年经历。
She had a wealth of experience to draw on.
她有丰富的经验可资借鉴。
upper adj. (位置或水平)上方的、上层的
The office building's upper floors were being repainted.
办公楼的上面几层在重新油漆。
lower adj. (位置或水平)下面的、底层的
Her lower lip trembled as if she were about to cry.
她的下嘴唇颤抖着，好像要哭的样子。
gap n. 差距、间隙
She has a small gap between her front teeth.
她的门牙之间有条细缝。
narrow the gap between rich and poor 缩小贫富差距
the generation gap 代沟
gap year 间隔年
context n. (事情发生的)背景、上下文、语境
①（事情发生的）背景
It is important to see all the fighting and bloodshed in his plays in historical context.
结合历史背景解读他戏剧作品中所有的争斗和流血事件，这点很重要。
②语境
In this exercise, a word is blanked out and you have to guess what it is by looking at the context.
在这个练习中，有一个单词被抽去了，你必须根据上下文猜测这个单词是什么。
specific adj. 特定的、明确的
①特定的
The virus attacks specific cells in the brain.
这种病毒专门攻击大脑内特定的细胞。
Is there anything specific you want from the shops
在这些商店里你有什么特别的东西要买吗？
②明确的
Can you be more specific about where your back hurts
你能不能更具体一点说你的背哪里疼？
ought to (do) 应该、应当
You ought to be kinder to him.
你应该对他好一点。
must do sth. (主观)
should do sth. 应当做某事 (客观)
shall do sth. 应当做某事(语气最强)
be to do sth. 务必做某事/即将做某事
particular adj. 特定的、具体的
①特定的
She wanted a particular type of cactus (仙人掌).
她要某一特定品种的仙人掌。
②讲究的
She's very particular about what she eats. be particular about ...对...讲究/挑剔
她对吃的非常挑剔。
in particular 尤其、特别 adv.
Are you doing anything in particular this weekend
这个周末你有什么特别的安排吗？
particularly adv. 尤其是、特别是 = especially adv.
We're particularly interested to hear from people who speak two or more European languages.
我们特别希望能收到说两种或两种以上欧洲语言的人的来信。
topic n. 话题
a hot topic 热门话题
a sensitive topic 敏感话题
Our discussion included topics such as acid rain and the melting of polar ice.
我们的讨论涉及各种话题，例如酸雨和极地冰层融化。
collection n. 收藏品、作品集
①收藏品
a private art collection
私人艺术收藏品
②一堆(东西)、一群(人)
There's quite a collection of toothbrushes in the bathroom.
浴室里有一大堆牙刷。
section n. 部分、部门、部件
the sports section of the newspaper
报纸的体育版
Does the restaurant have a non-smoking section
这个餐馆有禁烟区吗？
mean adj. 吝啬的、刻薄的
He's too mean to buy her a ring.
他太吝啬了，舍不得给她买一枚戒指。
My landlord's very mean with the heating - it's only on for two hours each day.
我的房东对使用暖气很吝啬——每天只开两个小时。
Stop being so mean to me!
别对我那么刻薄！
transport vt. 运输、运送 n. 交通车辆
The company will arrange transport from the airport.
公司将负责从机场开始的交通安排。
②交通工具
Do you have your own transport
你自己有车吗？
Bicycles are a cheap and efficient form/means of transport.
自行车是一种便宜而高效的交通工具。
generosity n. 慷慨、大方
Her friends take advantage of her generosity.
她的那些朋友利用她的慷慨占她的便宜。
generous adj. 慷慨大方的
stage n. 舞台、阶段 vt. 上演、举办
①阶段
The project is in its final stages and should be completed by August.
这个项目已进入最后阶段，应于8月份完成。
②舞台
The singer returns to the Oslo stage this summer.
那位歌手今夏将重返奥斯陆舞台。
on the stage 在舞台上
③vt. 上演、举办
London staged the Olympic Games in 2012.
伦敦于2012年举办了奥运会。
extremely adv. 及其、非常
They played extremely well.
他们演奏得非常精彩。
She's extremely beautiful.
她非常美。
②极度的、极端的(在程度上)
extreme pain/wealth
极其痛苦／富有
extreme weather conditions
极其恶劣的天气条件
In extreme cases, the disease can lead to blindness.
极端情况下，这种疾病可导致失明。
destroy vt. 摧毁、毁灭、破坏 destroy - destroyed - destroyed
Most of the old part of the city was destroyed by bombs during the war.
该城的大部分老城区都在战争中被炸毁了。
The accident seemed to have completely/totally destroyed his confidence.
这场事故似乎已彻底击垮了他的信心。
n. destruction 毁灭
defeat vt. 击败 n. 失败、战败 defeat - defeated - defeated
①击败 vt.
They defeated the Italian team and reached the final.
他们打败了意大利队，晋身决赛。
②失败 n.
After their defeat in battle, the soldiers surrendered.
士兵们在战斗中被打败后就投降了。
attempt vt./n.（尤指为完成难事而进行）努力，尝试、尝试、试图
①尝试 vt. attempt to do sth. 尝试去做某事
He attempted to escape through a window.
他企图跳窗逃跑。
There's no point in even attempting an explanation - he'll never listen.
试图去解释是毫无意义的——他根本不会听。
② 尝试 n.
This is my second attempt at the exam.
这是我第二次去参加那个考试。
They closed the road in an attempt to reduce traffic in the city.
他们封闭了道路，试图减少城里的交通流量。
straighten vt. 挺直、使...变直
He straightened his tie.
他把领带拉正。
Her hair is naturally curly but she always straightens it.
她的头发是自然卷，但她老是把它拉直。
straight adj. 直的
Go straight along this road and turn left at the traffic lights.
沿着这条路一直走，到了红绿灯那儿向左转。
alongside adv. 在......旁边、与......一起
A car pulled up alongside (ours).
一辆车开过来停在（我们车的）旁边。
The new pill will be used alongside existing medicines.
这种新药将配合现有药物一起服用。
Most of the staff refused to work alongside the new team.
大多数职员拒绝和这个新团队一起工作。
accomplish vt. 完成
The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes.
学生们不到10分钟就完成了任务。
I feel as if I've accomplished nothing since I left my job.
我觉得辞掉工作以后就一直在虚度光阴。
achieve vt. 完成、达成、取得成就
accomplishment n. 成就[C]
noble adj. 贵族的、高贵的、崇高的
His followers believe they are fighting for a noble cause.
他的追随者相信他们是在为一项崇高的事业而奋斗。
a noble family
贵族家庭
confused adj. 迷惑的
①迷惑的
Grandpa gets pretty confused sometimes, and doesn't even know what day it is.
祖父有的时候很糊涂，甚至不知道当天是星期几。
②混乱的
Your essay gets a bit confused halfway through when you introduce too many ideas at once.
你的文章写到一半时一下子提出了太多观点，显得有些混乱。
confusing adj. 令他人困惑的
We have two people called Paul James working here, so it's a bit confusing!
我们这里有两个叫保罗 詹姆斯的雇员，所以会有点让人糊涂！
confusion n. 困惑、迷惑
To avoid confusion, the twins never wore the same clothes.
为了避免混淆，这对双胞胎从不穿一样的衣服。
clear up (头脑)清醒；使整洁、清理
Dad was clearing up in the kitchen.
爸爸正在收拾厨房。
I'm tired of always having to clear up after you.
我厌烦了老是要替你整理东西。
be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事
As we were on the point of giving up hope, a letter arrived.
正当我们要放弃希望之时，来了一封信。
She was so tired that she was on the point of collapse.
她累得要垮掉了。
sb. is about to do sth. when + 句子: 正当某人要做某事时，突然...
flash n. 闪光、闪现 vt./vi. 使...闪光
① 使......闪光
Stop flashing that light in my eyes!
别拿那个手电筒晃我的眼睛了！
You'd better slow down, that car was flashing its lights at you.
你最好减速，那辆车正朝你闪车灯呢。
② n. 闪光、闪现
The idea came to her in a flash of inspiration/genius.
灵光一闪，她便有了这个主意。

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