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八年级英语下册
M4U1预习指导
一、知识点
1.see the doctor 看医生
Eg: I feel awful, I think I need to see the doctor.
我感到不舒服，我觉得我需要去看医生。
2.ill (形容词) “不健康的；有病的”---(名词) illness “疾病”
ill级的变化：（比较级）worse --- （最高级）worst
feel ill 生病
Eg: He can’t come to the meeting, because he is ill today.
= He can’t come to the meeting because of illness today.
因为今天他生病了所以他不能来开会。
ill “有病的”作表语，不作定语，后接with和from表原因，若ill作定语，表“恶劣的；邪恶的”
sick“生病的”在句中作定语，还可表示“呕吐的，恶心的”sick后可用with表原因
Eg: That ill woman killed her own daughter.
那位邪恶的女士杀了她自己的女儿。
My daughter was sick with a cold.
我女儿生病感冒了。
3.have (got) a stomachache 胃痛；肚子疼
Eg: She has got a stomachache.
她肚子疼。
4.hurt(动词) “疼痛”
当疼痛部位作主语时为不及物动词
Eg: My legs hurt.我腿疼。
当人作主语，宾语为受伤部位时，为及物动词。
Eg: I hurt my leg.我伤了我的腿。
头痛的表达方法：
Eg: My head hurts.
= I have a headache.
= I have a pain in my head.
我头疼。
5.How long have you been like this
你这样多久了？
6.since Friday 从星期五开始
Since 后可接表时间短语也可接句子
Eg: She has started to learn English since she was five years old.
她从五岁时开始学英语。
She has lived here since 2000.
她从2000年住在这。
7.I see. 我明白了。/ 我懂了。
8.catch a cold(强调动作)
= have a cold(强调状态) 感冒
各种疾病表达：
have a bad cold 患重感冒
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
have a fever 发烧
have a headache 头痛
have a cough 咳嗽
have a toothache 牙痛
9.I (don’t) think so. 我（不）这样认为。
I think so. 我这样认为。
10.take one’s temperature 测量体温
Eg: You need to take your temperature first.
你需要先量一下体温。
11.There’s no fever. 没发烧。
12.What kind of food 哪种食物
Eg: What kind of food do you want
你想要哪种食物？
Kind用法：
Kind (名词) “种类”
常用短语：a kind of ... “一种......”；
all kinds of ... “各种各样的...”
Different kinds of... “不同种类的...”
Eg: There are all kinds of books in the library.
“图书馆中有各种各样的书。”
Kind (形容词) “善良的”用来形容人的品格
Eg: She is a kind girl.
“她是一个善良的女孩。”
Kind of “...稍微；有点儿”
注意：后面常接形容词
Eg: The little panda is kind of cute.
“这个小熊猫有点可爱。”
13.Have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃早/午/晚饭
Have a/an + 形容词 + breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃一顿...早/午/晚饭
Have ...for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 早/午/晚饭吃...
Eg: She had a quick breakfast.
她吃了一顿快速的早饭。
She has milk and bread for breakfast.
她早饭喝牛奶吃面包。
14.not usually 通常不
15.fast food 快餐
Eg: We shouldn’t fast food all the time.
我们不应该一直吃快餐。
16.That’s the problem. 这就是问题。
17.That’s why… 那就是…的原因
Eg: That’s why he’s late.
那就是他迟到的原因。
18.exercise (不可数名词) 锻炼；运动
do/ take some exercise 做运动
exercise(可数名词) 练习
Eg: I have two exercises to do today.
我今天要做两个练习。
exercise (动词) 运动；锻炼
Eg: How often do you exercise every day
你每天做多少次运动？
19.too many + 可数名词复数“太多…”
Eg: There are too many people in the park.
公园里有太多的人。
too much + 不可数名词 “太多…”
Eg: He has too much homework to do .
他有太多作业要做。
much too + 形容词 “太…”
Eg: The book is much too dear.
这本书太贵了。
20.Spend 时间 + on sth. 花时间在某事上
Spend 时间 + doing sth. 花时间做某事
Eg: She spent two hours cleaning the room.
她花两个小时打扫房间。
21.In front of 与 in the front of 区别：
In front of “在...前面（在内部）”
In the front of “在...前面（在外部）”
Eg: There is a tree in front of the classroom.
“教室的前面有一棵树。”
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
“教室的前面有一块黑板。”
22.be harmful to 对…有害
harm (动词) “伤害”
--- harmful (形容词) 有害的
--- harmless (形容词) 无害的
--- harmfully (副词) 有害地
Eg: Eating too much chocolate is harmful to your health.
吃太多巧克力对你的健康有害。
23.be in good/bad health 身体（不）好
health (名词) 健康
--- healthy (形容词) 健康的
--- healthily (副词) 健康地
--- unhealthy (形容词) 不健康的
Eg: My grandparents are in good health.
我的祖父母身体很好。
24.What should I do
我该怎么做？
25.Don’t worry. 别担心。
Be worried about ... 担心...
Eg: She is worried about her exam.
她很担心她的考试。
26.It’s not serious. 不严重。
27.stop to do sth. 停下来做另一件事
Eg: I’m tired, I should stop to have a rest.
我累了，我应该停下来休息一下。
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
Eg: The students stop talking and begin to have lessons.
学生们停止聊天开始上课。
28.Take some medicine 吃药
29.three times a day 一天三次
就其提问用how often开头
Eg: -- How often should I take this medicine
-- Twice a day.
-- 这个药一天吃几次？
-- 一天两次。
30.祈使句：动词原形 + 其它
Eg: Stop talking, please.请不要说了。
Let sb.do sth.
Eg: Let us go home now.
现在让我们回家吧。
否定祈使句：
Don’t + 动词原形
Eg: Don’t be late.别迟到。
No + sth.或 No + V-ing.
Eg: No photos.禁止拍照。
Eg: No smoking.禁止吸烟。
固定短语：
Beg your pardon.请原谅。
二、练习题
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.The little boy had a bad cold and _______ (咳嗽) seriously yesterday.
2.Mary has a high f_______.She can’t go to school now.
3.The old man has a __________ (头疼) these days.
4.I have a s_________ ache and I don’t want to eat anything.
5.My uncle is feeling ______ (不健康的) now, he must go to see the doctor.
6.Eat more fruit and vegetables.They are good for your h________.
7.How long have you been like _______ (这)
8.I have learnt English s_______ I was five years old.
9.My arm ______ (疼痛) badly.
10.Too much chocolate is h_________ to your health.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
11.He has ______ (be) ill for about three days.
12.My grandparents do some ________ (exercise) every morning.
13.You must take the medicine three ______ (time) a day.
14._____ (swim) is my favourite sport.
15.The girl _______ (catch) a bad cold yesterday.
16.The doctor has already _______ (take) his temperature.
17.Stop _______ (talk) and let’s begin our class.
18.______ (not play) around here.Your father is sleeping now.
19.Smoking is _______ (harm) to your health.
20.You must do more exercise to keep ________ (health).
三、单项选择
( )21.-- _______ have you been in this school
-- Since I was fifteen years old.
A.How long
B.How far
C.How soon
D.How often
( )22.Ann has a ____, and she is going to see her dentist today.
A.cold
B.fever
C.cough
D.toothache
( )23.You should ______ this medicine twice a day.
A.cost
B.pay
C.take
D.make
( )24.-- I am feeling awful now.
-- How long have you been like _______
A.it
B.one
C.this
D.these
( )25.You look tired.You’d better stop _____ and have a rest.
A.to work
B.worked
C.working
D.work
( )26.I have been here _____ three years.
A.for
B.since
C.after
D.during
( )27.That’s ______ there are lots of lost and found office in the world.
A.what
B.when
C.why
D.because
( )28.What about ______ a picnic this Sunday
A.to have
B.have
C.has
D.having
( )29.We need to take ______ exercise and eat _____ vegetables every day.
A.much; much
B.much; many
C.many; much
D.many; many
( )30.It is important to ______ your health.
A.look for
B.look like
C.look at
D.look after
四、翻译句子
31.我发烧时每天都量体温。
I ______ ______ _________ every day when I had a fever.
32.我一天吃三次药。
I ________ the medicine ______ ______ _____ ______.
33.你在电脑前干什么？
What are you doing _____ _______ ______ the computer
34.倒入水中的废水对鱼有害。
Waste water dumped into the river _____ _______ ______ the fish.
35.不要每天吃快餐。
Don’t ______ ______ ______ every day.
五、补全对话
A: Good morning.36.________
B: I’m not feeling well.My head hurts.
A: 37.________
B: For about a week.
A: Let me take your temperature.
( A few minutes later.)
A: There’s nothing serious.38._______
B: No, I don’t.
A: What do you usually do at night
B: 39.________
A: How long do you usually watch TV
B: For about six hours.
A: That’s the problem! That’s too long! 40._______
B: OK, I will.Thank you, doctor.
A.I usually watch TV.
B.What’s the matter with you
C.Do you get enough sleep at night
D.How long have you been like this
E.You should get enough sleep and then you will be OK.
六、阅读理解
When I was a kid, I often played basketball.So I was thin but healthy.When I was about 15, I stopped playing basketball.I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before.Between 15 and 17, I put on a lot of weight -- about 50 kg.
I didn’t know how fat I was till I saw a photo one day.In the photo, I had a fat neck and my stomach was out there.I didn’t like the way I looked.I knew I needed to lose some weight.
I started to drink only water, and eat less and healthier food.I ate mainly vegetables and only one piece of meat every day, and stayed away from sugar.
I also started to exercise.Every day, I ran for 30 minutes first, and then I did some push-ups (俯卧撑) for 10 minutes.I also jumped rope (跳绳) for 15 minutes every day.
I kept exercising all the winter.When March came, many people said to me, “Oh, Dave, you’ve been a different person!”
It was true.I lost 25kg in three months.I liked taking photos, and I noticed the difference in my looks.
I loved the three months.It felt good to lose weight.And it felt even better to set a goal (目标) and go for it.
( )41.Dave put on a lot of weight partly because he ______.
A.got too much work
B.took some medicine
C.drank unhealthy drinks
D.didn’t have enough sleep
( )42.Dave decided to lose weight when ______.
A.he lost a basketball game
B.he saw a photo of himself
C.the doctor asked him to do so
D.his friends were angry with him.
( )43.In a day, which kind of exercise did Dave do for the most time
A.Running
B.Playing basketball
C.Push - ups
D.Rope jumping
( )44.When Dave heard the underlined sentence, he probably felt _____.
A.happy
B.angry
C.worried
D.calm
( )45.What can we learn from Dave’s story
A.Hobby is the best teacher.
B.Success comes from hard work.
C.It’s never too late to lose weight.
D.Sports help a person stay young.
附：参考答案
一、1.coughed 2.fever 3.headache 4.stomach 5.ill
6.health 7.this 8.since 9.hurts 10.harmful
二、11.been 12.exercise 13.times 14.Swimming 15.caught
16.taken 17.talking 18.Don't play 19.harmful 20.healthy
三、21 -- 25 ADCCC 26 -- 30 ACDBD
四、31.took my temperature
32.took ; three times a day
33.in front of
34.is harmful to
35.have/eat fast food
五、37 -- 40 BDCAE
六、41 -- 45 CBAAB

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