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广州市铁一中学2023-2024学年第二学期3月月考
高二英语
本试卷共12页，91小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 语法知识与运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请运用所学语法知识选出最佳选项。
1. What I hate most is _______.
A. laughing at B. to be laughed C. being laughed at D. being laughed
2. This old castle is said ______ from designs by a famous architect in the 16th century.
A. to build B. to have built C. to be built D. to have been built
3. Our goal as educators is students to pursue their passions and achieve their dreams.
A. inspired B. inspiring C. to inspire D. to be inspired
4. The pilot suggests that if you want to know how hard it is ________ in space, you can try eating while lying on one side.
A. to swallow B. being swallowed C. to be swallowed D. swallowed
5. Before the invention of the aeroplane, ________ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.
A. flied B. to fly C. for flying D. man to fly
6. ________ on the waiting list ________ will be selected for the leadership position in the non-profit organization
A. Who; do you think B. Whom; do you think
C. Who; you think D. Whom; you think
7. Last Sunday, Mr. Green asked Lily she had written to her mother .
A. that; yesterday B. that; the day before
C. whether; yesterday D. whether; the day before
8 The policeman asked him ________ in a serious voice.
A. where did he live B. where he lived
C. where he lives in D. where does he live in
9. If he comes back from work, I’ll tell him when ________ and visit him.
A. will you come B. do you come C. you come D. you will come
10. His pale face suggested that he__________ill and his teacher suggested that he__________to the hospital at once.
A. should be; send B. was; should send C. was; be sent D. were; be sent
11. Much unhappiness has been suffered by those people who have never recognized that it is as necessary to make themselves into whole and harmonious personalities as themselves clean, healthy and financially independent.
A. kept B. keep C. to keep D. keeping
12. They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.
A. to solve B. solved C. to be solved D. solving
13. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A. is made B. would made C. was to be made D. had made
14. Her dress has become loose. She appears ______ weight.
A. to lose B. being lost C. losing D. to have lost
15. With an important test ______ after the vacation, I don’t think you can really have a good time.
A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Every day people joined archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year’s most dramatic discoveries. Below are some examples of 2023.
“Naughty pupils”-ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18000 ink-carved pieces of pottery-known as “ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year, and among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片)with a single symbol repeated front and back.
Those scribbles(潦草的文字)are evidence of ‘naughty “pupils” being made to write lines, according to researchers a Germany’s University of Tuebingen. The fragments also included receipts, school texts, trade information and lists of names.
Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known van Gogh’s self-portrait in the world, and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman. People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist’s own image behind layers of cardboard and glue. While X-rays often reveal how artists-changed their compositions, the full self-portrait of van Gogh came as a huge surprise, who was known to reuse canvase(画布)to save money.
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics. The latest discovery, reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3,155 objects, a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them. A team has been digging six places of the site, turning up more than 13,000 objects so far. Last year, the relics they uncovered included a golden mask, ivory artifacts(手工艺品)and a jade knife. The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious, as it left behind no written records or human remains, though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu, which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC.
16. What led to the researchers’ conclusion about the fragments
A. The repeated symbol. B. Trade information.
C. Lists of pupils’ names. D. The mark of ink.
17. Why did van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting
A. To keep away from X-rays.
B. To save money.
C. To make his works more mysterious.
D. To help people find his composition.
18. Which is the newly-unearthed relic of 2023 in Sanxingdui site
A. A jade knife. B. A golden mask.
C. A written record. D. A turtle shell-shaped box.
B
Twenty-two years ago, I won a Nobel Prize, together with Tim and Leland Hartwell, for our work on how cells control their division.
The prize changed our lives. Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things: to give lectures, quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.
A recent study suggests that in general the extra commitments that Nobel winners take on result in fewer papers after their awards. There may be some truth to this given the extra demands on one’s time but of course prestigious awards also allow new projects and research to be undertaken.
What effects did the Nobel Prize have on my subsequent career and work It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions. Within a year of getting the prize I was offered and accepted the presidency of Rockefeller University in New York. Having the prize also helps to get things done. For example, I have been involved in the merging of two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK. And it has helped me support causes I care deeply about. I became an ambassador for Ukraine education and science to help raise money for schools in that shattered country. Moreover, having a Nobel does help attract high-quality research colleagues. I have just started three excellent new PhD students. It is a privilege for me to be able to pursue curiosity-driven research at this late stage of my career.
However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding. My rejection rates have remained essentially the same before and after the prize. And that, of course, is exactly how it should be.
19. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2
A. To share his pride in winning a Nobel.
B. To express his regret at the changing of life.
C. To show his self confidence in handling the extra jobs.
D. To display his overburdened tasks after winning a Nobel.
20. What does the underlined word “merging” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Competition. B. Comparison. C. Combination. D. Construction.
21. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The special privileges the Nobel winner has.
B. The positive impacts the Nobel Prize generates.
C. The great contributions the Nobel winner makes.
D. The scientific leadership the Nobel Prize provides.
22. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph
A. The spirit of science lies in seeking facts and truth.
B. Winning a Nobel Prize has an impact on peer review.
C. Extra commitments make Nobel winners less productive.
D. The approval a Nobel winner receives is equal to rejection.
C
The World Health Organization recently said that it planned to add gaming disorder(游戏成瘾)to its new list of disease classifications, angering the gaming industry but pleasing doctors who hope it may make treatment more easily available.
Some US experts said it would make little difference when it comes to helping people with the disorder, although others said it would bring attention to a disorder that people sometimes don’t recognize. Many of us enjoy video games, but does playing our favorite game for a couple of hours every night mean we’re suffering from gaming disorder Not, according to the WHO. The symptoms listed by the WHO include a lack of control over gaming, treating gaming more seriously than other life interests and daily activities, and continuing to play games despite the negative consequences that playing them might have. “The behavior pattern is enough to result in significant damage to one’s personal, family, or social life,”the WHO said.
Meanwhile, Douglas Gentile of Iowa State University has carried out influential research into the cause of gaming addiction in young people. “I and many others had assumed that gaming is not really a problem but is a symptom of other problems,”he told NBC News. Many had thought it was simply a failure of self-control.
To see if it was，Gentile’s team studied a group of children who had been gaming for several years. “We found that when kids became addicted，their anxiety increased…and their grades decreased,”Gentile said. When kids were able to back off from gaming, their symptoms disappeared, he added. Gentile thinks medical organizations should pay attention to the WHO’s proposal. “This isn’t an issue of opinion; it’s all issue of science,”he said. “This is a major scientific and medical organization. They don’t do things lightly and without reason.”
Dr Petros Levounis, chair of psychiatry at the New Jersey Medical School at Rutgers University, said that he hoped the WHO’s proposal would lead to more research into obsessive (过度的)behavior among all types of people. “Now，there is renewed interest and excitement,” he said.
23. Which of the following is a sign of gaming disorder according to the WHO
A. Putting games before everything else.
B. Keeping playing until winning the games.
C. Playing games for several hours every night.
D. Having a few hobbies besides playing games.
24. Why is Gentile’s research mentioned
A. To explain the cause of gaming addiction.
B. To show the influence of gaming disorder.
C. To show the reasons behind the WHO’ s decision.
D. To introduce the study that influenced the WHO’s proposal.
25. What can we learn from what Levounis said
A. It needed further research to make it more convincing.
B. It would do little to help people with gaming addiction.
C. It would encourage new cures for gaming disorder.
D. It would encourage studies about similar diseases.
26. What does the author intend to tell us about gaming disorder
A. Its description. B. Controversial views.
C Its harmful effects. D. Explanations of the WHO’s decision.
D
Each year the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstain. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
27. Why do researchers at MIT conduct the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To protect plant diversity.
C. To reduce tree losses. D. To predict forest disappearance.
28. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its theoretical basis. B. Its key procedures.
C. Its scientific evidence. D. Its usual difficulties.
29. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
B. They are better than naturally grown plants.
C. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
D. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
30. Why is the research ground-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
C. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
D. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art comes in two main categories: realistic and abstract. Realistic art aims to show real-life scenes, people, and objects exactly as they appear. It involves paying close attention to details, making things look like photographs.____31____. It’s more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas.
Realistic art is easy to understand. Viewers can easily recognize what is portrayed. Take the Mona Lisa, for example—it’s a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile.____32____, helping us to learn about the past.
Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative. ____33____. They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas. Abstract art means different things to different people. Some people enjoy trying to figure out what the artwork conveys.
_____34_____. Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real. Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways. Many artists are skilled in both. They create realistic pieces to demonstrate their technical skills and abstract ones to display their creativity.
As for personal preference, some people prefer the clear stories of realistic art while others are attracted to the mystery of abstract art, interpreting meanings in the shapes and forms. Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging.____35____.
A. Both types of art take skills to make
B. Photographs preserve faces of folks from long ago
C. Grasping abstract art demands more artistic training
D. Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty
E. In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances
F. Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life
G. Artists have the freedom to go beyond real-life representations
第三部分 语言知识运用（共25小题，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are ____36____ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ____37____ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ____38____ . Emma, a female crane, has been in their ____39____ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ____40____ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected consequence, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ____41____ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a ____42____ for killing some of them, which made it impossible for her to become a mother.
___43___ , the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ____44____ of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This ____45____ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ____46____ , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ____47____ , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ____48____ , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we bridge the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals Chris and Tim offered us the ____49____ : human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ____50____.
36.
A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37.
A. ban B. save C. split D. remove
38.
A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39.
A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40.
A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41.
A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
42.
A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
43.
A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
44.
A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
45.
A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
46.
A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
47.
A. list B. rise C. agenda D. decline
48.
A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
49.
A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
50.
A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place with 40-some poets, scholars, and artists ____51____ (play) a drinking game by a river in Lanting, or the “Orchid Pavilion”, a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing. They floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream. ____52____ the cup stopped in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem.
A total of 37 poems ____53____ (write) that day, but it was the foreword to the poetry collection by famed calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”, that made this party one of the best ____54____ (know) in Chinese literary history. In 324 words, Wang described the event while expressing his passion ____55____ life. The naturally-flowing strokes, a product of his outstanding skills and the ____56____ (inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be regarded ____57____ (wide) as the best semi-cursive calligraphy(行书) work ever.
Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, ____58____ elegant garden complex on the former site of the party, ____59____ includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all ____60____ (surround) by thick bamboo forests. In downtown Shaoxing-a world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites connected with Wang’s stories from his time there.
第四部分 基础知识运用（共30小题，每小题1分，满分30分）
第一节 单词填空。请用选择性必修三Unit 1至Unit 3个单元单词表中黑体词汇的适当形式填空，每空一词。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
61. The developers ____________ (提交) building plans to the council for approval last week, hoping to build a new library in town.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
62. Several senior students have been ____________ (管教) for breaking the school rules. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
63. The new underground railway, which has been put into used, ____________ (促进) the contacts among different parts of the city. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
64. Research ____________ (议程) are focused on the needs of the poorest and most resource-limited countries. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
65. Guangzhou is a ____________ (充满活力的) city with a strong cultural identity and a history of innovation and creativity. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
66. Harvard University has a ____________ (声誉) for being superior in academic research. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
67. Tieyi Middle School has zero ____________ (容忍) when it comes to bullying in school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
68. I think it will be pleasant and ____________ (凉爽) to swim in such hot summer days. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
69. The scientists have got all the information ____________ (永久) stored on a computer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
70. Children are ____________ (敏感的) to disapproval and adjust their behavior accordingly. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
71. During the Renaissance, artists saw that paint could be used to present objects in three ____________ (维度). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
72. We set up an independent child helpline that provides support and information to hundreds of thousands of children ____________ (每年). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
73. With ____________ (限制) access to this sites, Western scientists find it difficult to get enough research data. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
74. ____________ (激发) students’ imagination is an effective way to improve their learning abilities. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
75. Art, which reflects personal emotions and opinions, is quite ____________ (主观的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
第二节 完成句子 请用选择性必修三Unit 1至Unit 3个单元单词表中黑体短语的适当形式填空。（共15题，每题1分，满分15分）
76. 新发现的洞穴深度为5.118英尺，居住着数十种从未在其他任何地方发现的物种。
With a depth of 5,118 feet, the newly found cave houses _____________________ species not found anywhere else.
77. 学生在他的课上了解到的第一件事是交响乐队由四个种类的乐器组成。
The first thing the students see in his course is that a symphony orchestra _____________________ four kinds of instruments.
78. 如果你有发现任何一个症状，请立即跟你的家庭医生联络。
If you do notice any of the symptoms, contact your family doctor _____________________.
79. 在那个时代，胡子在宗教上有非常重要的意义，男人们剃掉胡子是一种不被接受的行为。
At a time when beards meant a great deal religiously, _____________________ men’s beards seemed unacceptable.
80. 有种观点认为阅读是和生活分离开来的一种活动，从历史角度讲并不准确。
The idea that reading is somehow an activity _____________________ life isn’t very historically accurate.
81. 展览引起了小男孩对考古学的兴趣，使他下定决心要做一个考古学家。
The exhibition kindled the boy’s interest in archaeology and he _____________________ to become an archaeologist.
82. 1942年，哥伦布代表西班牙开始了对另一个世界的探索。
_____________________ Spain, Columbus started his journey to explore the other side of the world in 1492.
83. 文明是一种将他人视为值得尊重的人的内心倾向。
Civility is a disposition of the heart that sees others as beings who _____________________ respect.
84. 我最热爱我工作的一点就是，将你在自然野外看不到的动物栩栩如生地带回现实生活。
The thing I love most about my work is _____________________ animals that you can’t see in the wild.
85. 在90年代，人们主要依赖于纸张和书籍来获取信息。
Back in the 90s, people mainly _____________________ paper and books to get information.
86. 对于在贵州省发生的森林火灾，政府迅速做出了救援指示。
_____________________ the forest fire breaking out in Guizhou Province, the government sent rescue instructions immediately.
87. 救援工作进行了一整天，救援人员已经筋疲力竭了。
After a long day of rescue work, the rescue workers has been _____________________.
88. 她问作者书中的主人公是否是以某个特别的人为原型。
She asked the author if she had modelled her hero on anybody _____________________.
89. 人类自古以来就有爱好艺术的传统。
_____________________ art has been the human’s tradition since the ancient time.
90. 在决定行动方针之前，她会对人们的愿望作一番调查。
She will take soundings of the people’s wishes before _____________________ a course of action.
第五部分 读后续写（满分25分）
91. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Everyone in the seaside town knows that Fliss has a special bond with her dog Molly. They work together, live together, and play together. The Labrador (拉布拉多猎犬) is actually at Fliss’s side all the time. If a person spent this much time with a friend, they would probably have fallen out by now, but the bond between Molly and her owner just gets stronger over time.
Fliss grew up in the city. In 2017, she moved to the seaside where she opened a bath and skincare shop. Upon arrival, she couldn't believe how much litter was left “senselessly” on the beach. In fact, she was shocked by the “unavoidable” amount of litter she found while taking Molly for walks. Being a person who cares a lot about her surroundings, Fliss decided that she had to do something about it before the tide carried the litter into the sea. threatening marine life.
One day, while collecting litter on the beach, Fliss saw Molly running towards her with an empty water bottle in her mouth. As Molly drew near, she dropped the bottle and set out to find other waste. This gave Fliss an idea: what if she could train Molly to Find all those plastic bottles and bags, and make good use of them
The training started and Fliss was surprised at how fast Molly learned. Before long, the clever girl would venture (冒险) to the seaside on her own and come home with her “prize”. She had soon filled Fliss's house with pieces of rubbish from the local beach. At one point, Fliss's garage was 60% filled with beach litter waiting to be distributed to local artists for use in their artwork.
When Fliss heard paws on the door the other day, she went to greet her good girl as usual. To her surprise, she saw Molly carrying a small plastic purse in her mouth. Fliss opened the purse and gasped (喘气). Inside was a passport, several credit cards, and a bunch of keys.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Fliss immediately took the purse to the local police station with Molly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the journalist came, they two were on the beach.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________广州市铁一中学2023-2024学年第二学期3月月考
高二英语
本试卷共12页，91小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 语法知识与运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请运用所学语法知识选出最佳选项。
1. What I hate most is _______.
A. laughing at B. to be laughed C. being laughed at D. being laughed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最讨厌的是被人嘲笑。分析句子可知，空处作表语，是非谓语动词，结合What I hate most可知，此处表达“被人嘲笑”，“嘲笑”的表达是laugh at，且laugh at和I逻辑上是被动关系，应用laugh at的动名词的被动语态being laughed at。故选C。
2. This old castle is said ______ from designs by a famous architect in the 16th century.
A. to build B. to have built C. to be built D. to have been built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据说这座古堡是根据16世纪一位著名建筑师的设计建造的。be said to do sth, This old castle与build为被动关系，且不定式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，用动词不定式的完成时的被动语态。故选D项。
3. Our goal as educators is students to pursue their passions and achieve their dreams.
A. inspired B. inspiring C. to inspire D. to be inspired
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为教育者，我们的目标是激励学生追求他们的激情，实现他们的梦想。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语，所以inspire用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，应用不定式作表语。故选C项。
4. The pilot suggests that if you want to know how hard it is ________ in space, you can try eating while lying on one side.
A. to swallow B. being swallowed C. to be swallowed D. swallowed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：飞行员建议，如果你想知道在太空中吞咽有多难，可以试着侧卧进食。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作主语，it是形式主语。由句意可知，此处应用不定式的一般式。故选A项。
5. Before the invention of the aeroplane, ________ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.
A. flied B. to fly C. for flying D. man to fly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在飞机发明之前，像鸟一样在空中飞翔只是一个梦想。分析句子结构，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词，本句使用了“主系表”结构，was为系动词，所以此处需要使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，表示具体的特定的动作，使用不定式作主语，故选B项。
6. ________ on the waiting list ________ will be selected for the leadership position in the non-profit organization
A. Who; do you think B. Whom; do you think
C. Who; you think D. Whom; you think
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意：你认为候补名单上的谁将被选为承担非营利组织的领导职位？“who do you think”是一个特殊疑问句的结构，用来询问对方的观点或意见，它通常用于询问对某个事物或情况有何看法或评价，do you think是插入语，分析句子成分的时候可以忽略do you think，who是________ will be selected for the leadership position in the non-profit organization的主语。故选A项。
7. Last Sunday, Mr. Green asked Lily she had written to her mother .
A. that; yesterday B. that; the day before
C. whether; yesterday D. whether; the day before
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和间接引语。句意：上周日，格林先生问莉莉前一天是否给母亲写过信。分析句子结构，第一个空引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺少主要成分，并缺少“是否”之意，根据谓语动词ask判断应是疑问语气，由连词whether引导，排除A项和B项；第二个空为间接引语，应用the day before代替yesterday。故选D项。
8. The policeman asked him ________ in a serious voice.
A. where did he live B. where he lived
C. where he lives in D. where does he live in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：警察用严肃的语气问他住在哪里。ask sb. sth.为固定结构，其中sb.为间接宾语，sth. 为直接宾语，意为“向某人询问某事”；根据句意可知，此处应用where引导宾语从句，作ask的直接宾语。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序，故排除A、D项。主句中谓语动词为asked，为一般过去时，故从句也应为一般过去时，排除C项。故选B项。
9. If he comes back from work, I’ll tell him when ________ and visit him.
A. will you come B. do you come C. you come D. you will come
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果他下班回来，我会告诉他你什么时候来看他。本句后半句是when引导的宾语从句，从句应用陈述语气， 根据宾语从句时态规则，主句用一般将来时，从句也应用一般将来时，故选D项。
10. His pale face suggested that he__________ill and his teacher suggested that he__________to the hospital at once.
A. should be; send B. was; should send C. was; be sent D. were; be sent
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：他苍白的脸色表明他生病了，他的老师建议他立刻送往医院。第一个 suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后面从句叙述的是客观事实，且主句为一般过去时，所以一般过去时，表示当时所处的状态；第二个 suggest表示“建议”后面宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略。主语he与send之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
11. Much unhappiness has been suffered by those people who have never recognized that it is as necessary to make themselves into whole and harmonious personalities as themselves clean, healthy and financially independent.
A. kept B. keep C. to keep D. keeping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：有些人从未意识到，圆满、和谐的人格与保持整洁、健康的身体和经济上的独立同样重要，因而他们遭受了许多不幸。It is + adj. +to do sth.做某事很…。It是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。as…as结构中，第一个as为副词，后跟形容词或副词原级，第二个as可用作介词（后接名词或代词）或连词（后接从句），在本句中，第二个as为连词，应与这个as前的结构一致。故选C项。
12. They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.
A. to solve B. solved C. to be solved D. solving
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to do sth.“难以；很难……”后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A。
13. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A. is made B. would made C. was to be made D. had made
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在澳大利亚发现的黄金使成千上万的人相信会发财。因为主句为一般过去时，所以从句用过去时态。fortune 这里表示财富，因为在澳大利亚发现金子，所以在那里“将会”发财，所以应用be to do sth.“将要做某事”，表示将来。且fortunate与make构成被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
14. Her dress has become loose. She appears ______ weight.
A. to lose B. being lost C. losing D. to have lost
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的裙子变得宽松了。她的体重似乎减轻了。appear to do sth是固定句型，根据句意，此处应用不定式的完成式，表示一个在现在或过去某时之前已经完成的动作。故选D项。
15. With an important test ______ after the vacation, I don’t think you can really have a good time.
A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：假期后有一个重要的考试要考，我想你不会玩得很开心的。根据“With an important test”可知，此处用with复合结构，空处是非谓语动词，take和逻辑主语an important test之间是动宾关系，且根据“I don’t think you can really have a good time”可推知，考试这件事尚未发生，所以空处用不定式的被动语态，即to be taken。故选C。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Every day people joined archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year’s most dramatic discoveries. Below are some examples of 2023.
“Naughty pupils”-ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18,000 ink-carved pieces of pottery-known as “ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year, and among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片)with a single symbol repeated front and back.
Those scribbles(潦草的文字)are evidence of ‘naughty “pupils” being made to write lines, according to researchers a Germany’s University of Tuebingen. The fragments also included receipts, school texts, trade information and lists of names.
Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known van Gogh’s self-portrait in the world, and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman. People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist’s own image behind layers of cardboard and glue. While X-rays often reveal how artists-changed their compositions, the full self-portrait of van Gogh came as a huge surprise, who was known to reuse canvase(画布)to save money.
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics. The latest discovery, reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3,155 objects, a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them. A team has been digging six places of the site, turning up more than 13,000 objects so far. Last year, the relics they uncovered included a golden mask, ivory artifacts(手工艺品)and a jade knife. The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious, as it left behind no written records or human remains, though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu, which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC.
16. What led to the researchers’ conclusion about the fragments
A. The repeated symbol. B. Trade information.
C. Lists of pupils’ names. D. The mark of ink.
17. Why did van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting
A. To keep away from X-rays.
B. To save money.
C. To make his works more mysterious.
D. To help people find his composition.
18. Which is the newly-unearthed relic of 2023 in Sanxingdui site
A. A jade knife. B. A golden mask.
C. A written record. D. A turtle shell-shaped box.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个考古新发现。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces部分“among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片)with a single symbol repeated front and back.(其中有数百个碎片，正面和背面都重复着一个符号。)”以及“Those scribbles(潦草文字)are evidence of ‘naughty “pupils” being made to write lines, according to researchers a Germany’s University of Tuebingen.(据德国图宾根大学的研究人员称，这些涂鸦是“淘气的”学生被强迫写台词的证据。)”可知，研究人员是根据这些碎片上的重复的符号得出结论，证明这些碎片的内容是调皮的学生所写。故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait部分“While X-rays often reveal how artists-changed their compositions, the full self-portrait of van Gogh came as a huge surprise, who was known to reuse canvase(画布)to save money.( 虽然X射线经常揭示艺术家是如何改变他们的作品的,但梵高的完整的自画像是一个巨大的惊喜,他被认为重用画布来省钱。)”可知，梵高是为了省钱才将自画像隐藏在一幅画中。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui部分“The latest discovery, reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3,155 objects, a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them.( 据中国官方媒体6月份报道，最近的发现包括3155件物品，其中包括一个龟壳形状的盒子和一个祭祀祭坛。)”可知，2023年三星堆遗址新出土的器物包括一个龟壳形状的盒子。故选D。
B
Twenty-two years ago, I won a Nobel Prize, together with Tim and Leland Hartwell, for our work on how cells control their division.
The prize changed our lives. Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things: to give lectures, quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.
A recent study suggests that in general the extra commitments that Nobel winners take on result in fewer papers after their awards. There may be some truth to this given the extra demands on one’s time, but of course prestigious awards also allow new projects and research to be undertaken.
What effects did the Nobel Prize have on my subsequent career and work It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions. Within a year of getting the prize I was offered and accepted the presidency of Rockefeller University in New York. Having the prize also helps to get things done. For example, I have been involved in the merging of two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK. And it has helped me support causes I care deeply about. I became an ambassador for Ukraine education and science to help raise money for schools in that shattered country. Moreover, having a Nobel does help attract high-quality research colleagues. I have just started three excellent new PhD students. It is a privilege for me to be able to pursue curiosity-driven research at this late stage of my career.
However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding. My rejection rates have remained essentially the same before and after the prize. And that, of course, is exactly how it should be.
19. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2
A. To share his pride in winning a Nobel.
B. To express his regret at the changing of life.
C. To show his self confidence in handling the extra jobs.
D. To display his overburdened tasks after winning a Nobel.
20. What does the underlined word “merging” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Competition. B. Comparison. C. Combination. D. Construction.
21. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A The special privileges the Nobel winner has.
B. The positive impacts the Nobel Prize generates.
C. The great contributions the Nobel winner makes.
D. The scientific leadership the Nobel Prize provides.
22. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph
A. The spirit of science lies in seeking facts and truth.
B. Winning a Nobel Prize has an impact on peer review.
C. Extra commitments make Nobel winners less productive.
D. The approval a Nobel winner receives is equal to rejection.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了诺贝尔奖对个人事业和工作的影响。通过分享个人经历，作者探讨了奖项带来的挑战和机遇，以及对科研和社会影响的看法。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things:to give lectures, quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.”（突然间，你成了一个公众人物，被要求做各种各样的事情：做讲座，通常是关于你知之甚少的主题；参加你并不总是很有资格参加的委员会和评审；访问你几乎没听说过的国家。这就像多了一份全新的工作，每年有多达 500 多份请求。）可推知作者写第二段的目的是为了表明他获得诺贝尔奖后超负荷的工作。故选D项。
【20题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK”（两个独立的癌症研究慈善机构形成英国癌症研究中心）可知，这里表示合二为一、合并的意思。A.Competition比赛；B.Comparison比较；C.Combination组合；D.Construction建设。结合语境翻译可知，C项Combination“组合”符合语境。故选C项。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。通读本段，并结合“It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions.”（它当然有助于我担任科学领导职务）可知第四段重要讲了诺贝尔奖产生的积极影响。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding.”（不过，我很高兴地说，诺贝尔奖并没有影响我的一件事，那就是同行评审，他们会评估我自己的研究是否适合发表，以及我的资助申请。）可推知作者在最后一段中传达了科学精神在于追求事实和真理的道理。故选A项。
C
The World Health Organization recently said that it planned to add gaming disorder(游戏成瘾)to its new list of disease classifications, angering the gaming industry but pleasing doctors who hope it may make treatment more easily available.
Some US experts said it would make little difference when it comes to helping people with the disorder, although others said it would bring attention to a disorder that people sometimes don’t recognize. Many of us enjoy video games, but does playing our favorite game for a couple of hours every night mean we’re suffering from gaming disorder Not, according to the WHO. The symptoms listed by the WHO include a lack of control over gaming, treating gaming more seriously than other life interests and daily activities, and continuing to play games despite the negative consequences that playing them might have. “The behavior pattern is enough to result in significant damage to one’s personal, family, or social life,”the WHO said.
Meanwhile, Douglas Gentile of Iowa State University has carried out influential research into the cause of gaming addiction in young people. “I and many others had assumed that gaming is not really a problem but is a symptom of other problems,”he told NBC News. Many had thought it was simply a failure of self-control.
To see if it was，Gentile’s team studied a group of children who had been gaming for several years. “We found that when kids became addicted，their anxiety increased…and their grades decreased,”Gentile said. When kids were able to back off from gaming, their symptoms disappeared, he added. Gentile thinks medical organizations should pay attention to the WHO’s proposal. “This isn’t an issue of opinion; it’s all issue of science,”he said. “This is a major scientific and medical organization. They don’t do things lightly and without reason.”
Dr Petros Levounis, chair of psychiatry at the New Jersey Medical School at Rutgers University, said that he hoped the WHO’s proposal would lead to more research into obsessive (过度的)behavior among all types of people. “Now，there is renewed interest and excitement,” he said.
23. Which of the following is a sign of gaming disorder according to the WHO
A. Putting games before everything else.
B. Keeping playing until winning the games.
C. Playing games for several hours every night.
D. Having a few hobbies besides playing games.
24. Why is Gentile’s research mentioned
A. To explain the cause of gaming addiction.
B. To show the influence of gaming disorder.
C. To show the reasons behind the WHO’ s decision.
D. To introduce the study that influenced the WHO’s proposal.
25. What can we learn from what Levounis said
A. It needed further research to make it more convincing.
B. It would do little to help people with gaming addiction.
C. It would encourage new cures for gaming disorder.
D. It would encourage studies about similar diseases.
26. What does the author intend to tell us about gaming disorder
A. Its description. B. Controversial views.
C. Its harmful effects. D. Explanations of the WHO’s decision.
【答案】23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。世卫组织计划把游戏成瘾归类为一种疾病，并列出游戏成瘾的表现。Gentile的研究证明了世卫组织对这个疾病的定义是有科学依据的。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第2段“The symptoms listed by the WHO include a lack of control over gaming, treating gaming more seriously than other life interests and daily activities”可知，世卫组织列出的游戏上瘾的症状包括对游戏缺乏控制，把游戏看得比其他生活兴趣和日常活动更重要。所以把游戏看得比什么都重要是游戏上瘾的征兆。故选A项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。Gentile的研究证明了游戏成瘾确实会造成一些负面的影响。根据第4段“Gentile thinks medical organizations should pay attention to the WHO’s proposal…it’s all issue of science”可知，Gentile认为医疗机构应该重视世卫组织将游戏成瘾定义为疾病的决议，他认为这是科学问题。因此引用他的研究主要是为了证明世界卫生组织这一提议背后的原因。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“he hoped the WHO’s proposal would lead to more research into obsessive (过度的)behavior among all types of people”可知， Levounis希望世卫组织的提议能够鼓励人们对更多类似这种过度行为的研究。故选D项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。文章先提出世卫组织计划把游戏成瘾归类为一种疾病，然后介绍了世卫组织对游戏成瘾的定义，接着Gentile的研究证明了世卫组织对这个疾病的定义是有科学依据的，最后又引用了Levounis的话说明了世卫组织这个决定的影响。因此文章是向读者解释世卫组织将游戏成瘾归类为疾病这一决议的科学性。故选D项。
D
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstain. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
27. Why do researchers at MIT conduct the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To protect plant diversity.
C. To reduce tree losses. D. To predict forest disappearance.
28. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its theoretical basis. B. Its key procedures.
C. Its scientific evidence. D. Its usual difficulties.
29. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
B. They are better than naturally grown plants.
C. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
D. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
30. Why is the research ground-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
C. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
D. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab.(每年，由于砍伐树木，世界上损失了大约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选C。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调节细胞的物理和机械特性。接下来，研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞基材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的关键程序。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.(该技术可以调整以满足对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式“种植”任何木制品)”可知，贝伦斯坦认为这项研究具有开创性因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art comes in two main categories: realistic and abstract. Realistic art aims to show real-life scenes, people, and objects exactly as they appear. It involves paying close attention to details, making things look like photographs.____31____. It’s more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas.
Realistic art is easy to understand. Viewers can easily recognize what is portrayed. Take the Mona Lisa, for example—it’s a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile.____32____, helping us to learn about the past.
Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative. ____33____. They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas. Abstract art means different things to different people. Some people enjoy trying to figure out what the artwork conveys.
_____34_____. Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real. Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways. Many artists are skilled in both. They create realistic pieces to demonstrate their technical skills and abstract ones to display their creativity.
As for personal preference, some people prefer the clear stories of realistic art while others are attracted to the mystery of abstract art, interpreting meanings in the shapes and forms. Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging.____35____.
A. Both types of art take skills to make
B. Photographs preserve faces of folks from long ago
C. Grasping abstract art demands more artistic training
D. Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty
E. In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances
F Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life
G. Artists have the freedom to go beyond real-life representations
【答案】31. E 32. F 33. G 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以两种艺术：现实主义艺术和抽象艺术为主题。讲述了各自的特点，在表现形式方面的各自特点形成了艺术世界的多样性和美的价值。
【31题详解】
根据后文“It’s more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas.(它更多的是表达感觉、情感和想法。)”并结合常识可知，该句的主题是抽象艺术，因此可推知，设空句的主题也应是抽象艺术，以衔接呼应后文的“It”。选项E“In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances(相比之下，抽象艺术较少关注现实的外观)”提出了主题“抽象艺术”，呼应“It”，同时“In contrast”可与前文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
【32题详解】
根据前文“Take the Mona Lisa, for example—it’s a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile.(以《蒙娜丽莎》为例，这是一幅现实主义画，画的是一位带着神秘微笑的女士。)”可知，设空句应对这个《蒙娜丽莎》的举例进行总结，并体现现实主义艺术的特点。选项F“Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life(像这样的艺术品讲述了历史和日常生活的故事)”中“Artworks like this”指代前文的《蒙娜丽莎》，且讲述了现实主义艺术的特点，与后文“helping us to learn about the past(帮助我们了解过去)”在内容上衔接紧密。故选F项。
【33题详解】
根据前文“Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative.(与现实主义艺术不同，抽象艺术更注重创造性。)”可知，该段在讲述抽象艺术的特点。设空句承接前文，应是对抽象艺术的特点“创造性”进行进一步解释。选项G“Artists have the freedom to go beyond real-life representations(艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由)”中“超越现实生活表现的自由”即为前文提及的“创造性”的进一步解释，同时呼应后文“They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas.(他们用形状、颜色和图案来表达感情和想法。)”的“不同形状，颜色和图案”，前后衔接紧密。故选G项。
【34题详解】
设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。根据后文“Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real. Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways.(现实主义艺术需要精确的绘画或雕刻，使事物看起来真实。抽象艺术需要想象力，以新的方式使用形状和颜色。)”可知，该段讲述的核心内容是两种艺术各自需要的技巧以及艺术家们对两种艺术的应用。选项A“Both types of art take skills to make(这两种类型的艺术都需要技巧)”提出两种艺术都需要技巧，可总结该段的核心内容，作为该段的首句。故选A项。
【35题详解】
根据前文“Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging.(这两种艺术共同使艺术世界多样化和引人入胜。)”可知，作为末尾部分，前文以及设空句应是对两种艺术形式的褒义总结。选项D“Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty(两种艺术创作方式都有各自的价值和美)”总结了各自的价值和美，与前文在句意上衔接紧密，可作为末尾句。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共25小题，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are ____36____ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ____37____ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ____38____ . Emma, a female crane, has been in their ____39____ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ____40____ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected consequence, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ____41____ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a ____42____ for killing some of them, which made it impossible for her to become a mother.
___43___ , the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ____44____ of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This ____45____ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ____46____ , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ____47____ , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ____48____ , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we bridge the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals Chris and Tim offered us the ____49____ : human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ____50____.
36.
A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37.
A. ban B. save C. split D. remove
38.
A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39.
A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40.
A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41.
A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
42.
A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
43.
A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
44.
A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
45.
A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
46.
A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
47.
A. list B. rise C. agenda D. decline
48.
A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
49.
A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
50.
A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，每天都有物种在消失。Chis和Tim努力拯救白枕鹤这一物种，使其免于灭绝。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有物种在消失。A. growing生长，变得；B. migrating C. competing竞争；D. disappearing消失。根据该段中的“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.”可知，每天都有物种在消失。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救白枕鹤这一物种，使其免于灭绝。A. ban禁止；B. save拯救；C. split（使）分离；D. remove移开。下文讲述了Chris和Tim为拯救白枕鹤所做出的努力。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chris和Tim在一家动物园工作，帮助濒危的白枕鹤繁殖。A. abortion人工流产，堕胎；B. recreation娱乐，消遣； C. reproduction繁殖；D. administration管理。下文讲述Chis和Tim帮助Emma繁殖，由此可知，Chris和Tim在一家动物园工作，帮助濒危的白枕鹤繁殖。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：Emma是一只雌性鹤，自从2004年来到这个动物园，就一直在他们的照顾之下。A. care关心，照顾；B. eye眼睛；C. mind心灵；D. story故事。短语in one's care由某人照顾，根据句意，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emma出生在国际克莱恩基金会，由人类饲养员饲养长大。A. found发现；B. chosen选择；C. raised饲养；D. seized抓住。根据下文中的become deeply attached to humans可知，Emma由人类饲养员饲养。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Emma从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，并对人类产生了深深的依恋。A. never从来没有；B. always总是；C. unluckily不幸地；D. cheerfully高高兴兴地。 根据语境可知，Emma从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，它对人类产生了很深的感情。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀害雄鹤的恶名，这使她无法成为母亲。A. gift礼物，天赋；B. skill gift skill技能；C. concern担心，关心；D. reputation名声。根据下文中的killing some of them…become a mother可推知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀害雄鹤的名声（reputation），这使它无法成为一名母亲。短语have a reputation for意为“有……的名声”。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这两位动物园管理员不希望看到这一珍贵物种的灭绝。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外，而且； C. However然而；D. Instead代替。根据句意可知，上下文有转折关系。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过他们的耐心和努力，他们成功地发展了人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。A. combination结合；B. collection收集物，收藏品；C. strategy策略； D. system系统。根句上文这两位动物园管理员不希望看到这一珍贵物种的灭绝，可知，是成功地发展了人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得Emma生下了五只幼鹤。A. forced强迫；B. forbade禁止；C. taught教；D. enabled使得。根据上文他们成功地发展了人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合，可知使得Emma生下了五只幼鹤。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在确定它们的数量之前，必须做出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量正在下降，而且许多其他物种似乎正走向灭绝。A. defeated挫败的；B. grateful感激的； C. assured确定的；D. tolerant容忍的。Chris和Tim为他们富有成效的工作感到自豪，但在他们对此确定之前，他们必须付出更多的努力。故选 C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. list列表；B. rise上升；C. agenda日程；D. decline下降。根据前文可知，野生鹤的数量正在下降，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，并不是每个人都意识到了野生动物有思想、有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。A. In contrast相比之下；B. After all毕竟；C. By the way顺便说；D. On the contrary与此相反。根据语境和句意，毕竟更切题，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chris和Tim给我们提供了答案：人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以是一个更好的向导。A. course课程；B. excuse借口，托词；C. answer答案；D. reward回报，报答。Chris和Tim给了我们答案，下文中的human beings took it for granted that…就是他们的答案。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guide向导；B. treat款待，治疗；C. example例子；D. companion同伴。前后两句互为转折，所以应该是心灵作为向导，故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place with 40-some poets, scholars, and artists ____51____ (play) a drinking game by a river in Lanting, or the “Orchid Pavilion”, a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing. They floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream. ____52____ the cup stopped in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem.
A total of 37 poems ____53____ (write) that day, but it was the foreword to the poetry collection by famed calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”, that made this party one of the best ____54____ (know) in Chinese literary history. In 324 words, Wang described the event while expressing his passion ____55____ life. The naturally-flowing strokes, a product of his outstanding skills and the ____56____ (inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be regarded ____57____ (wide) as the best semi-cursive calligraphy(行书) work ever.
Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, ____58____ elegant garden complex on the former site of the party, ____59____ includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all ____60____ (surround) by thick bamboo forests. In downtown Shaoxing-a world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites connected with Wang’s stories from his time there.
【答案】51. playing
52. When 53. were written
54. known 55. for
56. inspiration
57. widely 58. an
59. which 60. surrounded
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国文学史上因《兰亭集序》而闻名的一次宴会——兰亭聚会，以及现在的兰亭。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：公元353年春末的一个晴朗日子里，在绍兴城西南部、依山傍水的兰亭(又称“兰渚之亭”)，一群诗人、学者和艺术家共四十余人在此举行了一场饮酒游戏。分子句子可知，空处在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词playing与宾语poets、scholars和artists构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填playing。
【52题详解】
考查连词。句意：当杯子停在客人面前时，他不得不写一首诗。分析句子可知，空处应填连词when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。
【53题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当天共有37首诗作诞生，但真正令这场聚会成为中国文学史上最为人所知的，是著名书法家王羲之所写的诗集序言——《兰亭集序》。根据时间状语that day可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词write与句子主语poems构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，主语 poems为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were written。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当天共有37首诗作诞生，但真正令这场聚会成为中国文学史上最为人所知的，是著名书法家王羲之所写的诗集序言——《兰亭集序》。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词known“出名的”，one of the best known后省略了parties，the best known“最著名的”为固定短语。故填known。
【55题详解】
考查介词。句意：王用324字描述了这一事件，同时表达了他对生活的热情。passion for“对……的热情”为固定搭配。故填for。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：《兰亭集序》中流畅自然的笔画，王羲之超群的技艺和当时即兴触发的灵感使得这篇序言被广泛认为是有史以来最杰出的行书作品。由the和of可知空处应填名词inspiration“灵感”，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：《兰亭集序》中流畅自然的笔画，王羲之超群的技艺和当时即兴触发的灵感使得这篇序言被广泛认为是有史以来最杰出的行书作品。分析句子可知，空处应填副词widely“广泛的”修饰动词regarded。故填widely。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。分析句子可知，空处应填不定冠词，泛指一个，elegant以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词complex，指代物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。分析句子可知，动词surround与all构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词的形式。故填surrounded。
第四部分 基础知识运用（共30小题，每小题1分，满分30分）
第一节 单词填空。请用选择性必修三Unit 1至Unit 3个单元单词表中黑体词汇的适当形式填空，每空一词。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
61. The developers ____________ (提交) building plans to the council for approval last week, hoping to build a new library in town.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】submitted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：开发商上周向委员会提交了建筑计划以供批准，希望在城里建一座新图书馆。根据汉语提示“提交”可知，此处使用动词submit，结合时间状语last week可知，可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用过去式submitted。故填submitted。
62. Several senior students have been ____________ (管教) for breaking the school rules. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】disciplined
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：有几个高年级学生因违反校规而受到了管教。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词discipline“管教”。根据空前的have been和句意可知，动词discipline和主语senior students之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式与have been构成现在完成时态的被动语态。故填disciplined。
63. The new underground railway, which has been put into used, ____________ (促进) the contacts among different parts of the city. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】facilitates##promotes##advances
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：新的地下铁路已经投入使用，促进了城市不同地区之间的联系。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，facilitate/promote/advance为“促进”的意思，陈述现阶段所发生的事情要使用一般现在时，主语The new underground railway为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用相应的第三人称单数形式，故填facilitates/promotes/advances。
64. Research ____________ (议程) are focused on the needs of the poorest and most resource-limited countries. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】agendas
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：研究议程的重点是最贫穷和资源最有限国家的需求。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作主语agenda“议程”可数名词，根据下文的are可知，此处要使用可数名词的复数，故填agendas。
65. Guangzhou is a ____________ (充满活力的) city with a strong cultural identity and a history of innovation and creativity. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】dynamic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：广州是一个充满活力的城市，有着强烈的文化特色和创新创造的历史。“充满活力的”为形容词dynamic作定语，修饰名词city，故填dynamic。
66. Harvard University has a ____________ (声誉) for being superior in academic research. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reputation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：哈佛大学以其卓越的学术研究而闻名。根据汉语提示“声誉”可知，此处使用名词reputation，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式，作has的宾语。故填reputation。
67. Tieyi Middle School has zero ____________ (容忍) when it comes to bullying in school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】tolerance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：铁一中对校园欺凌是零容忍。“零容忍”为zero tolerance，结合汉语提示，故填tolerance。
68. I think it will be pleasant and ____________ (凉爽) to swim in such hot summer days. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】refreshing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为在这样炎热的夏天，游泳将是令人愉快和清爽的。根据汉语提示“凉爽”，以及上文pleasant可知，此空应用形容词refreshing“凉爽的”作表语。故填refreshing。
69. The scientists have got all the information ____________ (永久) stored on a computer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】permanently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：科学家们已经将所有信息永久存储在计算机上。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用副词作状语，根据汉语提示，副词permanently“永久地”符合句意，故填permanently。
70. Children are ____________ (敏感的) to disapproval and adjust their behavior accordingly. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】sensitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们对反对很敏感，并会相应地调整自己的行为。be动词后用形容词，根据汉语提示以及句意可知，此处表示“敏感的”，此处用形容词sensitive作表语，故填sensitive。
71. During the Renaissance, artists saw that paint could be used to present objects in three ____________ (维度). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】dimensions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：文艺复兴时期，艺术家们发现绘画可以用来呈现三维物体。根据汉语提示“维度”可知，此处使用名词dimension，结合空前的three可知，应用名词复数形式，作in的宾语。故填dimensions。
72. We set up an independent child helpline that provides support and information to hundreds of thousands of children ____________ (每年). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】annually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们设立了一条独立的儿童求助热线，每年为数十万儿童提供支持和信息。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用副词作状语，annually“每年”符合句意，故填annually。
73. With ____________ (限制) access to this sites, Western scientists find it difficult to get enough research data. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】limited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于访问这些网站的机会有限，西方科学家发现很难获得足够的研究数据。结合空后名词“access”可知，此处用形容词作定语，limit“限制”为名词，其形容词形式limited“有限的”符合题意，故填limited。
74. ____________ (激发) students’ imagination is an effective way to improve their learning abilities. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Stimulating
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：激发学生的想象力是提高学生学习能力的有效途径。根据汉语提示“激发……（的兴趣）”可知，动词stimulate符合题意；作主语，陈述一般情况，用动名词作主语。故填Stimulating.
75. Art, which reflects personal emotions and opinions, is quite ____________ (主观的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】subjective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：反映个人情感和观点的艺术是相当主观的。根据汉语提示“主观的”和系动词is可知，此处应用形容词subjective作表语。故填subjective。
第二节 完成句子 请用选择性必修三Unit 1至Unit 3个单元单词表中黑体短语的适当形式填空。（共15题，每题1分，满分15分）
76. 新发现的洞穴深度为5.118英尺，居住着数十种从未在其他任何地方发现的物种。
With a depth of 5,118 feet, the newly found cave houses _____________________ species not found anywhere else.
【答案】dozens of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。结合汉语提示可知，空处需要填“数十种”的短语。dozens of“数十个”。后接可数名词复数，符合题意。故填dozens of。
77. 学生在他的课上了解到的第一件事是交响乐队由四个种类的乐器组成。
The first thing the students see in his course is that a symphony orchestra _____________________ four kinds of instruments.
【答案】consists of/is composed of/is made up of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和主谓一致。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“由……组成”，短语：consist of/be composed of/be made up of“由……组成”；空处涉及从句的谓语动词，结合句中“is”及空前“a symphony orchestra”可知，空处的时态为一般现在时，且动词用单数。故答案为consists of/is composed of/is made up of。
78. 如果你有发现任何一个症状，请立即跟你的家庭医生联络。
If you do notice any of the symptoms, contact your family doctor _____________________.
【答案】immediately/in no time/right away/at once
【解析】
【详解】考查副词或短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处的内容为“立即”，空处在句中作状语，用副词，immediately“立刻，马上”，为副词，符合题意；另外表示“立即”的短语可用如下表达：in no time/ right away/at once，故答案为：immediately/in no time/right away/at once。
79. 在那个时代，胡子在宗教上有非常重要的意义，男人们剃掉胡子是一种不被接受的行为。
At a time when beards meant a great deal religiously, _____________________ men’s beards seemed unacceptable.
【答案】shaving off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“剃掉”，故用shave off，用动名词形式，作主语。故填shaving off。
80. 有种观点认为阅读是和生活分离开来的一种活动，从历史角度讲并不准确。
The idea that reading is somehow an activity _____________________ life isn’t very historically accurate.
【答案】set apart from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“从……分离开来”可用set apart from，为动词短语，分析句子可知，an activity与set apart from为被动关系，这里应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填set apart from。
81. 展览引起了小男孩对考古学的兴趣，使他下定决心要做一个考古学家。
The exhibition kindled the boy’s interest in archaeology and he _____________________ to become an archaeologist.
【答案】made up his mind
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语及时态。make up one’s mind意为“下定决心”，根据句子时态可知，此空用一般过去时。故填made up his mind。
82. 1942年，哥伦布代表西班牙开始了对另一个世界的探索。
_____________________ Spain, Columbus started his journey to explore the other side of the world in 1492.
【答案】On behalf of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“代表”，短语：on behalf of“代表”符合题意，处于句首，首字母大写。故答案为：On behalf of
83. 文明是一种将他人视为值得尊重的人的内心倾向。
Civility is a disposition of the heart that sees others as beings who _____________________ respect.
【答案】are worthy of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和主谓一致。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“值得……”，短语：be worthy of sth.“值得……”，根据句中“is”可知，句子的时态为一般现在时；先行词为“beings”，定语从句中主语who为复数含义，谓语动词用复数形式。故答案为：are worthy of。
84. 我最热爱我工作的一点就是，将你在自然野外看不到的动物栩栩如生地带回现实生活。
The thing I love most about my work is _____________________ animals that you can’t see in the wild.
【答案】bringing life to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和非谓语。bring life to sth.“使……恢复生机；使苏醒”，设空处在句中为表语，所以空处用动名词形式。故答案为bringing life to。
85. 在90年代，人们主要依赖于纸张和书籍来获取信息。
Back in the 90s, people mainly _____________________ paper and books to get information.
【答案】relied on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，空处需要动词短语rely on“依赖于”，在句中作谓语动词。根据时间状语从句“Back in the 90s”可知，本句话为一般过去时态。故填relied on。
86. 对于在贵州省发生的森林火灾，政府迅速做出了救援指示。
_____________________ the forest fire breaking out in Guizhou Province, the government sent rescue instructions immediately.
【答案】With regard to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。结合句意可知，此处缺少介词短语“对于”，应译为“with regard to”，位于句首注意首字母要大写，故填With regard to。
87. 救援工作进行了一整天，救援人员已经筋疲力竭了
After a long day of rescue work, the rescue workers has been _____________________.
【答案】worn out
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。结合汉语提示可知，空处的含义为“筋疲力竭”，短语：wear out“筋疲力竭”，与主语workers是被动关系，结合空前“has been”可知句子使用了现在完成时的被动语态，所以空处动词用过去分词。故填worn out。
88. 她问作者书中的主人公是否是以某个特别的人为原型。
She asked the author if she had modelled her hero on anybody _____________________.
【答案】in particular
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句子结构，表示“特别的”为介词短语in particular，作后置定语修饰anybody。故填in particular。
89. 人类自古以来就有爱好艺术的传统。
_____________________ art has been the human’s tradition since the ancient time.
【答案】Being fond of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和动名词作主语。根据汉语提示，空处的内容为“爱好……”，短语：be fond of“喜欢，钟爱”符合题意，空处在句中作主语，表示习惯性动作，所以空处用动名词形式。处于句首，首字母大写。故答案为：Being fond of。
90. 在决定行动方针之前，她会对人们的愿望作一番调查。
She will take soundings of the people’s wishes before _____________________ a course of action.
【答案】deciding on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“决定”，故用固定短语decide on，位于介词before后，故要用动名词，作宾语。故填deciding on。
第五部分 读后续写（满分25分）
91. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Everyone in the seaside town knows that Fliss has a special bond with her dog Molly. They work together, live together, and play together. The Labrador (拉布拉多猎犬) is actually at Fliss’s side all the time. If a person spent this much time with a friend, they would probably have fallen out by now, but the bond between Molly and her owner just gets stronger over time.
Fliss grew up in the city. In 2017, she moved to the seaside where she opened a bath and skincare shop. Upon arrival, she couldn't believe how much litter was left “senselessly” on the beach. In fact, she was shocked by the “unavoidable” amount of litter she found while taking Molly for walks. Being a person who cares a lot about her surroundings, Fliss decided that she had to do something about it before the tide carried the litter into the sea. threatening marine life.
One day, while collecting litter on the beach, Fliss saw Molly running towards her with an empty water bottle in her mouth. As Molly drew near, she dropped the bottle and set out to find other waste. This gave Fliss an idea: what if she could train Molly to Find all those plastic bottles and bags, and make good use of them
The training started and Fliss was surprised at how fast Molly learned. Before long, the clever girl would venture (冒险) to the seaside on her own and come home with her “prize”. She had soon filled Fliss's house with pieces of rubbish from the local beach. At one point, Fliss's garage was 60% filled with beach litter waiting to be distributed to local artists for use in their artwork.
When Fliss heard paws on the door the other day, she went to greet her good girl as usual. To her surprise, she saw Molly carrying a small plastic purse in her mouth. Fliss opened the purse and gasped (喘气). Inside was a passport, several credit cards, and a bunch of keys.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Fliss immediately took the purse to the local police station with Molly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the journalist came, they two were on the beach.
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【答案】Fliss immediately took the purse to the local police station with Molly. When they arrived, Fliss tied Molly to a fireplug outside and went in herself. She handed the purse to a police officer and explained everything. Greatly touched, he shook her hand and thanked her for doing her duty, promising that he would do his best to find the owner. Fliss felt reassured and went back with Molly. The next day, a journalist called to make an appointment for an interview.
When the journalist came, they two were on the beach. The journalist was surprised to find that Molly was picking up litter, following her master. Fliss told the journalist it was on the way to collecting litter that Molly had found the purse. Hearing this, Molly stopped, wagging her tail as if she understood the whole situation. Having learned about the whole story, the journalist got to know what they did to protect the local beach. Surprised and impressed, the journalist took some pictures. The next day they were on the front page of the newspaper. A minor action could make wonders!
【解析】
【分析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了弗里斯和她的狗莫莉之间有一种特殊的关系。通过弗里斯对莫莉学习捡起海滩垃圾训练，弗里斯的车库里有60%都是海滩垃圾，等着被分发给当地艺术家用于他们的艺术创作。有一次莫利捡回一个装有一本护照，几张信用卡，和一串钥匙的钱包，弗里斯交回警局并被记者报道的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“弗里斯立即和莫莉一起把钱包带到当地警察局。。”可知，第一段可描写弗里斯把钱包归还到当地警察局的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“ 记者来的时候，他们俩正在海滩上。”可知，第二段可描写记者采访弗里斯并报道了她们的事迹。
2.续写线索：去警局——归还——感谢——报道——感悟
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①递交：hand to/present to/submit
②.返回：go back /return
③.捡起：pick up/collect/
情绪类
①.感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
②.感动：impressed/touched/moved
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Greatly touched, he shook her hand and thanked her for doing her duty, promising that he would do his best to find the owner. （由现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2].Having learned about the whole story, the journalist got to know what they did to protect the local beach. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句）

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