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2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语猜题卷（一）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Emerald Coast Science Center Field Trips
Bring your group or class to explore our hands-on Science Center now which provides wonderful learning opportunities for students all along the Emerald Coast!
Hands-on funEvery field trip includes a Makerspace activity and a 30-minute close encounter with our animals under the guidance of an educator. Lessons for all ages Lessons can be changed to suit the needs of most grade levels and include knowledge of different areas. But remember: such lessons charge an additional fee and must be planned in advance. For a list of the types of field trip lessons we currently offer, please click here to download our Education Program Guide. Pricing information●$12 per student;1 free guardian every 10 students, additional guardians $6 each; teachers are always free. ●Minimum fee of $120 per field trip. ●Same-day field trips are limited to up to 105 students. ●The group for field trips that does not arrive within 30 minutes past their scheduled arrival time will be charged a $100 service fee to accommodate scheduling issues. ●No Show/No Call bookings are charged a $100 cancellation fee. ●Okaloosa County only: Up to 6 free economically disadvantaged students per booking.
To book a field trip, please call Lisa at 850-664-1261. Please choose your preferred date and two alternate dates you would like to book before calling. We will email you a confirmation of your booking.
1．What do the Science Center field trips offer
A．Tailored lessons. B．Animal training.
C．Trips to the Emerald Coast. D．A half-hour Makerspace activity.
2．How much should a group of 9 students with 1 guardian and 1 teacher pay
A．$108. B．$114. C．$120. D．$126.
3．What type of writing is the text
A．A museum guide. B．An online ad.
C．A commercial report. D．An activity review.
Christianna Alexander, a high school girl, is the founder of Sweet Christi’s, a company that makes all-natural, plant-based soaps looking like delicate desserts. At 12, Christianna decided she wanted to start a business. Her three business ideas were baking, arts and crafts (手工艺品), and soap. Baking turned out to be more of a challenge than she expected, and her paintings and drawings didn’t sell as she hoped. Not one to give up easily, Christianna turned her passion into purpose by creating Sweet Christi’s.
Meanwhile, Christianna also started a nonprofit focused on the education of girls through STEM. But that’s not all this teen CEO does: she is involved in many practical things, and she’s a speaker at several youth conferences and also the author of the children’s book Stay Sweet and Never Miss a Beat.
Recently, Richard Cuff, founder of NASEMBA Business Alliance, announced the 15-year-old would serve as Youth Ambassador for the Operation ECLIPSE campaign which advocates for the positive representation of local entrepreneurs (企业家) and stresses the economic impact that the entrepreneurs are having on the local economy. Through Operation ECLIPSE, NASEMBA Business Alliance’s goal is to raise funds to back local programmes to benefit small businesses while helping political leaders better understand the historical and social significance of local entrepreneurial families. “We will work with our political leaders who want to close the wealth gap by shaping policies that will direct financial aid to young entrepreneurs,” said Richard.
“Having an instructor is important and I can’t put into words how important it is to be able to talk to successful entrepreneurs,” said Christianna. “The campaign also encourages business owners and managers to give advice or guidance to young entrepreneurs while supporting plans that provide direction to benefit our at-risk youth. I believe entrepreneurs can help address many social issues with love. The campaign would shine a bright light on the young entrepreneurs, and enable us to become better.”
4．Why did Christianna start the soap business
A．To avoid failure. B．To meet a challenge.
C．To realize her ambition. D．To fun d the nonprofit.
5．Which qualities of Christianna are stressed in paragraph 2
A．Caring and active. B．Visionary and independent.
C．Academically-minded and brave. D．Strong-willed and industrious.
6．What does NASEMBA Business Alliance aim to do
A．Bridge the gap between rich and poor. B．Raise money for campaigns.
C．Explore entrepreneurial families’ impacts. D．Support local small businesses.
7．What does Christianna say about Operation ECLIPSE
A．It solves many social problems. B．It provides new insights into leadership.
C．It helps protect the youth from potential risks. D．It advocates the experienced assisting the young.
Millions of tourists travel to parks each year to enjoy the bright colors of fall—but ecologists say the familiar reds, oranges and yellows of fall foliage (叶子) are coming later in the season. “In New England, generally the fall foliage tends to peak in mid-October,” said Richard Primack, a professor of plant ecology. “But because of a warming climate, the peak of fall foliage is tending to move from kind of early to middle October to kind of middle to late October.”
Predicting precisely when the leaves will turn from green to red, orange and yellow in fall depends in part on the geographic area, the species and the amount of rainfall, and climate change can largely determine the timing. And leaves of trees with harmful insects will drop sooner, according to Christy Rollinson, a forest ecologist. “Bright colors are associated with a healthy tree, because some colors take energy for the tree to produce.”
Peak color used to last for about two weeks, but for certain species, that period might be becoming more condensed as higher temperatures continue late into the fall because the rate at which days get shorter throughout the season remains the same. So future generations might just have to be ready to travel at a moment’s notice to catch a peak period in parts of the country.
Such changes could affect the tourism industry surrounding leaf peeping (看), according to Sarah Blount, a researcher at the National Environmental Education Foundation. She underscored how important it is to try to improve peak timing predictions. “There’s so much money attached to it,” she said. “People want to buy a plane ticket to go somewhere and don’t want to find that it turns out that it’s too late and all the leaves are gone or it’s too early, so there is a lot of focus on trying to improve the information that we have about that. ”
8．What do Richard’s words show
A．The lateness of peak fall foliage. B．The rareness of a trend.
C．The impacts of climate change. D．The mass appeal of fall colors.
9．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．Visible signs of the coming of fall. B．The timing of colorful fall foliage.
C．Factors in fall foliage’s changing colors. D．Determinants of the brightness of colors.
10．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “condensed” in paragraph 3
A．Irregular. B．Important. C．Lengthy. D．Brief.
11．What does Sarah Blount imply
A．The country relies heavily on tourism. B．Predicting peak foliage precisely is vital.
C．It takes effort to protect the environment. D．Scheduling leaf-peeping trips early is better.
Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased over the past 20 years. UPFs contain few or no whole foods, are industrially produced, are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat, and include additives. The ultra-processing of food lessens its nutritional value. It has been known that higher UPF consumption is associated with overweight and heart disease. Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health.
In a new study, over 72,000 participants who were at least 55 years old and didn’t have dementia (痴呆) at the start of the study were followed for an average of 10 years, during which they filled out questionnaires regarding their diet. By the end of the study, 518 people were diagnosed (诊断) with dementia. After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25percent higher risk of dementia. They also found replacing 10 percent of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with a 19 percent lower risk of dementia.
In another study, researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptoms (症状) of mild depression, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxious days”. Eric Hecht, Founder and Executive Director of the Institute of Etiological Research, said, “More than 70 percent of packaged foods in the US are classified as UPFs and represent about 60 percent of all calories consumed by Americans. Given the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines.”
Facing such alarming data, maybe it’s time for Americans to reconsider their food options. Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption. They also support programs and policies to increase the availability and affordability of whole foods, especially among disadvantaged populations.
12．What do we know about UPFs
A．They have no nutritional value. B．They are ready-made and instant foods.
C．They are cheap and mass-produced. D．They serve as additions to our daily diets.
13．What’s Eric Hecht’s attitude toward the new study
A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Mixed. D．Conservative.
14．What do researchers suggest doing
A．Collecting higher taxes on UPFs. B．Decreasing UPFs’ share in diet.
C．Focusing on the nutrient content of foods. D．Increasing public awareness of whole foods.
15．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Public Health Response to UPFs B．Physical Disorders Linked to UPFs
C．Rising Consumption of UPFs in the US D．Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health
Cultural intelligence, or cultural quotient (CQ) is the ability to manage cultural diversity. 16 It also involves understanding and appreciating cultural differences and being able to adapt to those differences.
17 For one thing, it can help you avoid misunderstandings and communication breakdowns with people from other cultures. For another, it enables you to build strong relationships with them. Want to improve your CQ Try the following tips.
If you’re unfamiliar with the culture, chances are you’re not going to adapt well to it. So the first practical aspect of CQ you need to improve is your CQ drive. 18 This drive is the first step towards higher CQ that may help you be open to new possibilities. All you have to do is explore the new situation you find yourself in.
After you’ve motivated yourself to get a bit more familiar with the culture, it’s time to go one step further. 19 Of course, this doesn’t mean you need to become an expert in the said culture. Simply, you should try to get to know the ways in which that culture forms and influences its people’s values and behavior.
Lastly, you need to use what you have learned and come up with a strategy that will help you improve your CQ. You can expose yourself to various media. This is a useful and easily accessible way to learn about how culture affects behavior. Again, it helps if you learn the language of the culture. This may open a whole new world for you. 20
A．You should broaden your CQ knowledge.
B．There are many benefits of having high CQ.
C．To be culturally intelligent is no easy matter.
D．This means your motivation to learn about a different culture.
E．Seek out opportunities to interact with people from other cultures.
F．This ability is not limited to your cultural sensitivity and awareness.
G．It can help you better understand people from other cultures as well.
二、完形填空
Figure skating is a vital part of my life. I can still remember my first 21 on ice. I was attracted immediately and desired to learn figure skating. However, I found it was a bit of a 22 . Initially, I could only grasp the railings (栏杆) to 23 myself and walk slowly along. Despite constant 24 , I just got up again and made much commitment: I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually, I 25 the skills.
Sometimes figure skating is 26 as an art form rather than a sport, but to me it’s both. The delicate 27 between artistry and athleticism, and the performances with only a pair of thin blades (冰刀) are 28 . Though beautiful and impressive, figure skating is physically 29 —the amount of athleticism required is fairly high.
For the majority of my younger years I skated 30 , at both local and regional levels. But 31 struck at the near peak of my career - I had a concussion (脑震荡). Though I 32 after continuous treatment, I’d missed the best age for skating. So I 33 it into a hobby.
Out of all the experiences in my life, figure skating has probably been the most 34 . It taught me the importance of discipline and self-confidence, and I learned 35 , which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements.
21．A．slipping B．rolling C．stepping D．playing
22．A．near thing B．hard nut C．big hit D．fat chance
23．A．enjoy B．encourage C．comfort D．support
24．A．falls B．attempts C．walks D．complaints
25．A．applied B．mastered C．upgraded D．shared
26．A．figured out B．focused on C．picked up D．referred to
27．A．comparison B．arrangement C．balance D．exchange
28．A．hair-raising B．far-reaching C．high-sounding D．mind-blowing
29．A．powerful B．demanding C．beneficial D．accessible
30．A．perfectly B．secretly C．competitively D．occasionally
31．A．failure B．misfortune C．opportunity D．criticism
32．A．recovered B．succeeded C．rested D．suffered
33．A．absorbed B．developed C．classified D．transformed
34．A．pleasant B．attractive C．significant D．personal
35．A．responsibility B．enthusiasm C．insistence D．determination
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s efforts to fight desertification in its northern area 36 (achieve) remarkable progress over the past 45 years. So far, the Three-North Shelter Forest Program 37 (launch) in 1978 has planted and conserved 32 million hectares (公顷) of forests and restored 85 million hectares of degraded grassland, and the forest 38 (cover) in the project area has increased from 5.05 percent in 1978 to 13.84 percent today.
The project has set up a green Great Wall to act as a safeguard 39 sandstorms, conserve soil and water and promote agricultural development in the northern border of China. Though extraordinary achievements are made in the program, the work 40 (say) to be still challenging due to the wide distribution and severe conditions of desert land. The environmental delicacy of the region and continuous environmental issues make the task even 41 (hard).
Recognizing the importance of desert ecosystems in regulating climate and keeping 42 balanced environment, the authorities shifted from a traditional approach to working in harmony with it, 43 (allow) for sustainable development and coexistence. Bringing nature to 44 (it) original condition should not rely on human efforts in the long term. The scientific and holistic (全面的) approach to conserving mountains, rivers, forests and farmland is crucial, 45 the ecologists believe can help nature restore itself.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是校英文报“Campus Weekly”专栏的主编李华，请给外教Mr. Steve写封邮件向他约稿。
内容包括：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件要求。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr Steve,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a 15-year-old girl when my beloved grandma Rosie was placed in a group home in Brookfield because of sharply declining memory. I can vividly remember the unpleasant environments inside the nursing home. That impression has ultimately impacted me in a very great way, even after I graduated from university with a degree in architecture.
Grandma Rosie was the heart of our family. Her little two-bedroom home was truly where all her children and grandchildren gathered. She was also an amazing cook and her specialty was fried pork steak. Most of my nephews and nieces were fans of her specialty. She lived alone after my grandpa passed away but was cared by many relatives and friends. When she was in her late 60s, we began to witness a significant memory impairment (受损) in her. Everyone started checking up on her. A frequent question that people would ask her, “What did you have for dinner ”, almost always brought the same answer — fried pork steak. Every day she would report making fried pork steak. One day a group of us went to her house secretly, and found she was making fried pork steak!
After some lengthy consideration, our family were concerned for her condition and ultimately decided to place Rosie in a group home in Brookfield. A year later, Rosie caught heart disease and her condition required her to be moved to a nursing home in Oconomowoc. Her memory also declined sharply and she no longer remembered our names. It was heartbreaking for our family to know that.
By that time, I was in high school and thinking about plans for college. Seeing the cold, sterile (呆板的) long hallways and unfriendly surroundings in the nursing home, I was determined to become a professional architect concentrating on senior care and health care design. I wanted to design living space where seniors can not only live but benefit from lovely environments.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Bearing this goal in mind, I worked extremely hard.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, Grandma Rosie moved into a senior living community I designed.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】
本文是应用文。文章介绍了翡翠海岸科学中心针对翡翠海岸的学生的实地考察活动，包括其课程和价格信息等。
1．细节理解题。根据Lessons for all ages 部分“Lessons can be changed to suit the needs of most grade levels and include knowledge of different areas. (课程可以根据大多数年级的需要进行更改，并包括不同领域的知识。)”可知，该科学中心的实地考察活动提供定制课程。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据Pricing information部分“$12 per student;1 free guardian every 10 students, additional guardians $6 each; teachers are always free. (每位学生12美元；每10名学生有1名免费监护人，额外监护人每人6美元；老师们总是免费的。)”和“Minimum fee of $120 per field trip. (每次实地考察的最低费用为120美元。)”可知，一名学生收费12 美元，每10名学生可以有1位监护人不收费，老师都不收费，但是一次实地考察活动最低费用是120美元。结合这些信息可知，9名学生和1位监护人原本费用应是114美元（学生人数不到10，监护人需收费，老师不收费），但是没有达到最低收费标准，所以按最低收费120美元算。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Bring your group or class to explore our hands-on Science Center now which provides wonderful learning opportunities for students all along the Emerald Coast! ( 现在就带上您的团队或班级来探索我们的动手科学中心，它为翡翠海岸的学生提供了极好的学习机会！)”和Lessons for all ages 部分“For a list of the types of field trip lessons we currently offer, please click here to download our Education Program Guide. (有关我们目前提供的实地考察课程类型的列表，请单击此处下载我们的教育计划指南。)”可知，本文是一则在线广告。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了创业少女Christianna Alexander的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 12, Christianna decided she wanted to start a business. Her three business ideas were baking, arts and crafts (手工艺品), and soap. Baking turned out to be more of a challenge than she expected, and her paintings and drawings didn’t sell as she hoped. Not one to give up easily, Christianna turned her passion into purpose by creating Sweet Christi’s. (12岁时，克里斯蒂安娜决定自己创业。她的三个经营理念是烘焙、工艺品和肥皂。烘焙比她想象的更有挑战性，她的油画和素描也没有像她希望的那样卖得好。不是一个轻易放弃的人，克里斯蒂安娜把她的激情变成了目标，创建了甜蜜的克里斯蒂。)”可知，Christianna 创办Sweet Christi’s是为了实现自己的理想。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Meanwhile, Christianna also started a nonprofit focused on the education of girls through STEM. (与此同时，克里斯蒂安娜还创办了一个非营利组织，专注于通过STEM教育女孩。)”可知，Christianna创办了关注女孩教育的非营利组织，这说明她是有爱心的人。再结合第二段中的“But that’s not all this teen CEO does: she is involved in many practical things, and she’s a speaker at several youth conferences and also the author of the children’s book Stay Sweet and Never Miss a Beat. (但这并不是这位十几岁的首席执行官所做的全部：她参与了许多实际的事情，她在几个青年会议上发表演讲，也是儿童书籍《保持甜蜜，永不错过一个Beat》的作者。)”可知，Christianna还是一个在多个方面都很积极的人。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Through Operation ECLIPSE, NASEMBA Business Alliance’s goal is to raise funds to back local programmes to benefit small businesses while helping political leaders better understand the historical and social significance of local entrepreneurial families. (NASEMBA商业联盟的目标是通过“ECLIPSE行动”筹集资金，支持造福小企业的地方项目，同时帮助政治领导人更好地了解当地创业家族的历史和社会意义。)”可知，NASEMBA Business Allianc 的目标是筹集资金，支持当地有利于小型企业的计划，同时帮助政治领导人更好地了解当地创业家庭的历史和社会意义，即支持当地小型企业。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The campaign also encourages business owners and managers to give advice or guidance to young entrepreneurs while supporting plans that provide direction to benefit our at-risk youth. (这项活动还鼓励企业主和管理人员向年轻企业家提供建议或指导，同时支持为面临风险的青年提供方向的计划。)”可知，该活动还鼓励企业所有者和管理者向年轻企业家提供建议或指导，提倡以老带新。故选D。
8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B
【导语】本文是说明文。由于受气候变化的影响，人们熟悉的秋叶的红色、橙色和黄色会在这个季节的晚些时候出现。文章详述了这种现象的原因和如何应对。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Millions of tourists travel to parks each year to enjoy the bright colors of fall—but ecologists say the familiar reds, oranges and yellows of fall foliage (叶子) are coming later in the season. (每年都有数以百万计的游客前往公园欣赏秋天的鲜艳色彩，但生态学家说，秋天树叶中熟悉的红色、橙色和黄色将在这个季节晚些时候出现。)”可知，生态学家说，人们熟悉的秋叶的红色、橙色和黄色会在这个季节的晚些时候出现。紧接着，作者通过Richard 的话““In New England, generally the fall foliage tends to peak in mid-October,” said Richard Primack, a professor of plant ecology. “But because of a warming climate, the peak of fall foliage is tending to move from kind of early to middle October to kind of middle to late October.” (植物生态学教授理查德·普里马克说：“在新英格兰，通常秋天的树叶在10月中旬达到顶峰。”“但由于气候变暖，秋天树叶的高峰往往会从10月初到10月中旬转移到10月中下旬。”)”进一步解释。由此可知，Richard的话说明了秋叶高峰期的推迟。故选A。
9．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“Predicting precisely when the leaves will turn from green to red, orange and yellow in fall depends in part on the geographic area, the species and the amount of rainfall, and climate change can largely determine the timing. And leaves of trees with harmful insects will drop sooner, according to Christy Rollinson, a forest ecologist. “Bright colors are associated with a healthy tree, because some colors take energy for the tree to produce.” (准确预测秋天树叶从绿色变成红色、橙色和黄色的时间，部分取决于地理区域、物种和降雨量，而气候变化在很大程度上决定了时间。森林生态学家克里斯蒂·罗林森表示，有害虫的树木的叶子会掉落得更快。“明亮的颜色与健康的树木联系在一起，因为有些颜色需要树木产生能量。”)”可知，本段主要介绍的是影响秋叶颜色变化的一些因素。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据画线词前的“Peak color used to last for about two weeks, but for certain species, that period might be becoming... (颜色的高峰通常持续大约两周，但对于某些物种来说，这段时间可能会变得……)”及画线词后的“as higher temperatures continue late into the fall because the rate at which days get shorter throughout the season remains the same. (随着高温持续到秋天后期，因为整个季节白天变短的速度保持不变)”可知，颜色的高峰通常持续大约两周，但对于某些物种来说，随着高温持续到秋天后期，这段时间可能会变得更加缩短，因为整个季节白天变短的速度保持不变。由此可知，画线词所在部分表示时间段缩短了。A. Irregular不规则；B. Important重要；C. Lengthy很长的；D. Brief短时间的，过短的。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Such changes could affect the tourism industry surrounding leaf peeping (看), according to Sarah Blount, a researcher at the National Environmental Education Foundation. (国家环境教育基金会的研究员萨拉·布朗特表示，这些变化可能会影响到围绕赏叶活动的旅游业。)”及“People want to buy a plane ticket to go somewhere and don’t want to find that it turns out that it’s too late and all the leaves are gone or it’s too early, so there is a lot of focus on trying to improve the information that we have about that. (人们想买机票去某个地方，不想发现太晚了，所有的树叶都不见了，或者太早了，所以我们非常关注如何改善我们掌握的信息。)” 可知，准确预测秋叶高峰期很重要。故选B。
12．B 13．A 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是说明文。超加工食品的消费在过去20年中有所增加。人们已知，较高的超加工食品摄入量与超重和心脏病有关，而一项新研究表明，超加工食品对心理健康也有负面影响，它可能会增加痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“UPFs contain few or no whole foods, are industrially produced, are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat, and include additives. The ultra-processing of food lessens its nutritional value (UPF含有很少或不含天然食物，是工业生产的，是即食或即热的，并含有添加剂。食品的超加工降低了其营养价值。)”可知，UPF是预先制成的快餐食品。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Given the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines. (鉴于UPF的暴露程度和影响，本研究在临床实践和公共卫生方面具有重要意义。这可能有助于改善未来饮食指南的制定。)”可知，Eric Hecht对这项研究持肯定的态度，故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption (研究人员建议对UPF征税，并实施减少消费的政策。)”可知，研究人员建议人们要降低膳食中超加工食品的比例，减少超加工食品的摄入量。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第一段中的“Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health (现在，研究已经扩展到检查它对心理健康的影响。)”和第二段中的“After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25percent higher risk of dementia. (在调整了其他可能影响痴呆症风险的因素(如年龄、性别和心脏病)后，研究人员发现，每天摄入upf每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%。)”和第三段中的“In another study, researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptoms (症状) of mild depression, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxious days”. (在另一项研究中，研究人员发现，摄入最多UPF的人在轻度抑郁、“精神不健康日”和“焦虑日”的症状上有统计学上的显著增加。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是超加工食品对心理健康的负面影，它可能会增加人们痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。D选项“Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health (UPF对心理健康的负面影响)”符合题意。故选D。
16．F 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．G
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是文商、文商的重要性以及如何提升文商。
16．根据上文“Cultural intelligence, or cultural quotient (CQ) is the ability to manage cultural diversity. (文化智商，或称文化商，是指管理文化多样性的能力)”可知，上文提到文化智力或文商是一种应对文化多样性的能力。根据下文“It also involves understanding and appreciating cultural differences and being able to adapt to those differences. (它还包括理解和欣赏文化差异，并能够适应这些差异)”可知，下文提到它还包括理解和欣赏文化差异，并能够适应这些差异。由此可知，空处内容应涉及对文商的阐释。F项“This ability is not limited to your cultural sensitivity and awareness. (这种能力并不局限于你的文化敏感性和意识)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。
17．根据下文“For one thing, it can help you avoid misunderstandings and communication breakdowns with people from other cultures. For another, it enables you to build strong relationships with them. (首先，它可以帮助你避免与其他文化的人产生误解和沟通障碍。另一方面，它使你能够与他们建立牢固的关系)”可知，空处应能总领这部分内容，且涉及文商的作用或好处。B项“There are many benefits of having high CQ. (拥有高文商有很多好处)”符合语境，故选B项。
18．根据上文“If you’re unfamiliar with the culture, chances are you’re not going to adapt well to it. So the first practical aspect of CQ you need to improve is your CQ drive. (如果你不熟悉这种文化，你很可能无法很好地适应它。因此，你需要提高文商的第一个实际方面是你的文商积极性)”可知，上文提到如果你不熟悉这种文化，那么你很可能无法很好地适应它。所以你需要提高的文商的第一个实际方面是你的文商积极性。根据下文“This drive is the first step towards higher CQ that may help you be open to new possibilities. (这是迈向更高文商的第一步，这可能有助于你对新的可能性持开放态度)”可知，空后提到这种积极性是你迈向更高文商的第一步，它可能会帮助你乐于接受新的可能性。由此可知，空处是对CQ drive的进一步解释。D项“This means your motivation to learn about a different culture. (这指的是你学习一种不同文化的动力)”符合语境，故选D项。
19．根据上文“After you’ve motivated yourself to get a bit more familiar with the culture, it’s time to go one step further. (在你激励自己更加熟悉当地文化之后，是时候更进一步了)”及下文“Of course, this doesn’t mean you need to become an expert in the said culture. Simply, you should try to get to know the ways in which that culture forms and influences its people’s values and behavior.(当然，这并不意味着你需要成为上述文化方面的专家。简单地说，你应该努力了解这种文化是如何形成和影响人们的价值观和行为的)”可知，空处应点明接下来要做什么，且这种做法与扩充相关知识有关。A项“You should broaden your CQ knowledge. (你应该扩展你的文商知识)”承上启下，符合语境，故选A项。
20．根据上文“Lastly, you need to use what you have learned and come up with a strategy that will help you improve your CQ. You can expose yourself to various media. This is a useful and easily accessible way to learn about how culture affects behavior. Again, it helps if you learn the language of the culture. This may open a whole new world for you. (最后，你需要运用你所学到的，想出一个策略来帮助你提高你的文化智商。你可以让自己接触各种媒体。这是了解文化如何影响行为的一种有用且简单的方法。同样，学习当地文化的语言也会有所帮助。这可能会为你打开一个全新的世界)”可知，本段陈述另一个提升文商的方法及好处。由此可知，空处可能会继续介绍学习语言的好处或者结果。G项“It can help you better understand people from other cultures as well. (它也可以帮助你更好地理解来自其他文化的人)”符合语境，故选G项。
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者对花样滑冰的热爱、她的职业生涯以及花样滑冰对她的影响。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我第一次踩在冰上的情景。A. slipping滑倒；B. rolling滚动；C. stepping踩，踏，行走，迈步；D. playing玩。根据后文的“I was attracted immediately and desired to learn figure skating. However, I found it was a bit of a 2 . Initially, I could only grasp the railings (栏杆) to 3 myself and walk slowly along. Despite constant 4 , I just got up again and made much commitment: I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually, I 5 the skills.”可知，后文描写了作者第一次踩在冰上的情景。故选C项。
22．考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，我发现这是一个有点棘手的问题。A. near thing侥幸脱险；B. hard nut 棘手的事，难对付的人；C. big hit大热门；D. fat chance机会渺茫。根据后文的“Initially, I could only grasp the railings (栏杆) to 3 myself and walk slowly along. Despite constant 4 , I just got up again and made much commitment”可知，起初，作者只能抓住栏杆支撑自己，慢慢地走着，而且不断跌倒，所以这是一个有点棘手的问题。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我只能抓住栏杆支撑自己，慢慢地走着。A. enjoy享受；B. encourage鼓励；C. comfort安慰；D. support支持，支撑。根据前文的“I could only grasp the railings”可知，抓住栏杆是为了支撑自己。故选D项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管不断跌倒，我还是重新站起来，并下定决心:除了上课时间，我几乎所有时间都在练习。A. falls跌倒；B. attempts尝试；C. walks走；D. complaints投诉。根据后文的“I just got up again”可知，作者重新站起来，说明作者跌倒后站起来。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我掌握了技能。A. applied应用；B. mastered掌握；C. upgraded升级；D. shared共享。根据前文的“Despite constant 4 , I just got up again and made much commitment: I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually”可知，尽管不断跌倒，作者还是努力练习，渐渐地，作者掌握了技能。故选B项。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，花样滑冰作为一种艺术形式而不是一项运动被提到，但对我来说，它两者兼而有之。A. figured out弄清楚；B. focused on专注于；C. picked up拿起；D. referred to提到。根据后文的“as an art form rather than a sport”可知，花样滑冰作为一种艺术形式而不是一项运动被提到。故选D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡，以及仅用一对薄刀片的表演是令人兴奋的。A. comparison比较；B. arrangement排列；C. balance平衡；D. exchange交换。根据后文的“between artistry and athleticism”结合常识可知，滑冰是艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡。故选C项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡，以及仅用一对薄刀片的表演是令人兴奋的。A. hair-raising令人发毛的；B. far-reaching影响深远的；C. high-sounding ；D. mind-blowing令人兴奋的。根据前文的“The delicate 7 between artistry and athleticism, and the performances with only a pair of thin blades”可知，作者喜欢滑冰，认为滑冰是艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡，所以作者认为滑冰这项运动是仅用一对薄刀片的表演，作者对此感到兴奋。故选D项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：花样滑冰虽然漂亮，令人印象深刻，但对身体的要求很高——对运动能力的要求相当高。A. powerful强大的；B. demanding苛刻的，要求高的；C. beneficial有益的；D. accessible可到达的。根据后文的“the amount of athleticism required is fairly high”可知，对运动能力的要求相当高，所以花样滑冰对身体的要求很高。故选B项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我年轻的大部分时间里，我参加了地方和地区级别的比赛。A. perfectly完全地；B. secretly秘密地；C. competitively有竞争力地；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据前文的“at both local and regional levels. But 11 struck at the near peak of my career”可知，作者是职业滑冰选手，所以参加了地方和地区级别的比赛。故选C项。　
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但不幸的是，在我职业生涯接近巅峰的时候，我得了脑震荡。A. failure故障；B. misfortune不幸；C. opportunity机会；D. criticism批评。根据后文的“struck at the near peak of my career - I had a concussion (脑震荡)”可知，在作者职业生涯接近巅峰的时候，作者得了脑震荡，所以这很不幸。故选B项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然经过持续的治疗，我恢复了健康，但我错过了滑冰的最佳年龄。A. recovered恢复；B. succeeded成功；C. rested休息；D. suffered遭受。根据前文的“after continuous treatment, I’d missed the best age for skating. So I 13 it into a hobby.”可知，过持续的治疗，作者恢复了健康，而且还把它变成了一种爱好。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我把它变成了一种爱好。A. absorbed吸收；B. developed发展；C. classified分类；D. transformed转化，转变。根据前文的“I’d missed the best age for skating”可知，作者错过了滑冰的最佳年龄，所以作者把花样滑冰变成了一种爱好。故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我生命中的所有经历中，花样滑冰可能是最重要的。A. pleasant愉快的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. significant重要的；D. personal个人的。根据后文的“It taught me the importance of discipline and self-confidence, and I learned 15 , which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements.”可知，花样滑冰教会了作者很多东西，所以作者认为花样滑冰可能是生命中的所有经历中最重要的。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会了我纪律和自信的重要性，我学会了责任，这让我对自己的行为和成就负责。A. responsibility责任；B. enthusiasm热情；C. insistence坚持；D. determination决心。根据后文的“which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements.”可知，让作者对自己的行为和成就负责，所以花样滑冰让作者学会了责任。故选A项。
36．have achieved 37．launched 38．coverage 39．against 40．is said 41．harder 42．a 43．allowing 44．its 45．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国几十年来在三北地区植树造林、应对沙漠化所取得的成果。
36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去45年来，中国在北部地区防治荒漠化的努力取得了显著的进展。根据句中的over the past45 years可知，achieve“取得”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，此处应用现在完成时；句子主语为efforts，助动词用have。故填have achieved。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，1978年启动的三北防护林工程已经种植和保护了3200万公顷的森林，恢复了8500万公顷的退化草地，工程区的森林覆盖率从1978年的5.05%提高到了如今的13.84%。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语has planted，此处为非谓语。launch“发起”与the Three-North Shelter Forest Program之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填launched。
38．考查名词。句意：到目前为止，1978年启动的三北防护林工程已经种植和保护了3200万公顷的森林，恢复了8500万公顷的退化草地，工程区的森林覆盖率从1978年的5.05%提高到了如今的13.84%。and连接前后两个句子，空处在and后的句子中作主语，应用名词coverage“覆盖范围”。故填coverage。
39．考查介词。句意：该工程在中国北部边境建立了一道绿色长城，起到了防沙、保持水土、促进农业发展的作用。根据句意可知，此处表示“以防”，用介词against。故填against。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：虽然该项目取得了非凡的成就，但由于沙漠土地分布广泛，且环境条件恶劣，这项工作仍然具有挑战性。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；the work与say“说”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is said。
41．考查形容词比较级。句意：该地区环境的脆弱性和持续存在的环境问题使这项任务变得甚至更加困难。根据句意和even可知，此处应用比较级harder“更加困难”。故填harder。
42．考查冠词。句意：认识到沙漠生态系统在调节气候和保持一种平衡的环境方面的重要性，当局从传统方法转变为与之和谐相处，实现可持续发展和共存。此处泛指“一种平衡的环境”，且balanced以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。故填a。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：认识到沙漠生态系统在调节气候和保持一种平衡的环境方面的重要性，当局从传统方法转变为与之和谐相处，实现可持续发展和共存。句中已有谓语动词shifted，此处应用非谓语，allow“允许，使可能”与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填allowing。
44．考查代词。句意：从长远来看，让大自然恢复原状不应该长期依赖人类的努力。空处作定语，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的 ”，修饰original condition。故填its。
45．考查定语从句。句意：保护山脉、河流、森林和农田的科学全面的方法至关重要，生态学家们认为它可以帮助自然自我恢复。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为approach，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，the ecologists believe为插入语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
46．
Dear Mr. Steve,
I’m Li Hua, editor of the “Campus Weekly” column of our school’s English newspaper. I’m writing to invite you to contribute to our column.
“Campus Weekly”, which enjoys great popularity in our school, focuses on various topics related to school life. We kindly request you to write an article that offers insights into cross-cultural experiences, or any other topics you find interesting for our readership. Plus, due to the standard print layout, the length of the article is generally limited to 40o words. If you’re interested, please submit your article before April l0th.
Looking forward to your early reply
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按以校英文报“校园周刊”专栏的主编李华的身份，按照要求给外教Mr. Steve写封邮件向他约稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
专注于：focus on→ concentrate on
各种各样的：various→ a variety of
与……相关：related to→ about
请求：request→ ask
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, editor of the “Campus Weekly” column of our school’s English newspaper.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, who is the editor of the “Campus Weekly” column of our school’s English newspaper.
【点睛】【高分句型1】“Campus Weekly”, which enjoys great popularity in our school, focuses on various topics related to school life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We kindly request you to write an article that offers insights into cross-cultural experiences, or any other topics you find interesting for our readership.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
47．参考范文：
Bearing this goal in mind, I worked extremely hard. My efforts paid off and I was admitted into Columbia University. I dedicated myself to understanding the needs and challenges of senior care and health care design. I conducted extensive research and visited various senior living facilities. After graduation, I got the opportunity to work for a famed firm specializing in senior living communities. It was a dream come true. I have poured my heart and soul into designing spaces that would promote a sense of comfort, dignity, and well-being for seniors since then.
Finally, Grandma Rosie moved into a senior living community I designed. Visiting her there was an emotional experience. The atmosphere looked inviting and homelike, which was a striking contrast with the cold and sterile environment I witnessed years ago. Grandma Rosie seemed happier and more at ease after living there. She even engaged in art classes, enjoying the company of her newfound friends. Seeing the positive change in Grandma Rosie's life fueled my passion even more and reaffirmed my commitment to creating spaces that prioritize the well-being and happiness of the elderly population.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了罗西奶奶曾是作者他们家的核心，她的两居室也是她的儿孙们经常聚集的地方。罗西奶奶快70岁时，记忆力严重下降。作者的家人担心她的健康状况，经过长时间的考虑，他们最终决定把她安置在一个集体之家。一年后，罗西奶奶患上了心脏病，不得不被转移到一家养老院，但是养老院的环境不尽如人意。彼时正在考虑大学规划的作者，决心成为一名专注于老年人护理和保健设计的专业建筑师，想设计出既能让老年人居住又能让他们从优美环境中受益的生活空间。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“带着这个目标，我非常努力地学习。”可知，第一段可描写通过努力，作者考上了大学，并选择了建筑学专业。还可描述作者在大学里如何学习、如何将理论和实践结合以达成目标等。
②由第二段首句内容“终于，罗西奶奶搬进了我设计的老年生活社区。”可知，第二段可描写作者设计的老年生活社区的环境、罗西奶奶搬进去之后的生活、罗西奶奶的变化，以及作者从中得到的感悟。
2.续写线索：努力得到回报——致力于老年护理——设计老年生活社区——奶奶的生活发生积极变化
3.词汇激活
行为类
①致力于：dedicate oneself to / commit oneself to
②参观：visit/pay a visit to
③看起来：look/seem
情绪类
①吸引人的：inviting/attractive
②快乐的：happy/glad
【点睛】
[高分句型1]I have poured my heart and soul into designing spaces that would promote a sense of comfort, dignity, and well-being for seniors since then.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]The atmosphere looked inviting and homelike, which was a striking contrast with the cold and sterile environment I witnessed years ago.（运用了which引导非限定性定语从句）
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