资源简介 中考专题复习--动词的时态中考解读:动词的时态是历年中考的考察重点之一,主要考察方式是语法填空、单项选择、翻译和作文。主要涉及六种基本时态的结构和表示意义。解题技巧:考生备考时应熟练六大时态所表示的意义,结构及相关的时间状语。可根据具体语境、标志词、从句和主句的时态搭配、固定句型等技巧来判断用哪种时态。〖一般现在时〗定义:(1)表示现在的特征或状态。 He is at home today. 他今天在家。(2)表示经常性、习惯性的动作。eg: Jim often helps his mom with housework. 吉姆常常帮他的妈妈做家务。(3)表示主语具备的性格或能力。eg:She likes pears very much. 她非常喜欢梨子。/ They speak English. 他们讲英语。(4)表示客观事实或普遍真理eg:The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转结构:主语+be(am/is/are)+表语,用于表示主语的身份,性质或状态。主语+动词原形/三单+其他,用于表示主语的行为动作。否定句结构:主语+don't/doesn’t+动词原形+其他一般疑问句结构:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?第三人称单数的主语有:(1).人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。(2).单个人名或称呼是第三人称单数。My father, Uncle Wang, Han Mei....(3).单数可数名词或指示代词单数that/this作主语时是第三人称单数。(4).不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。milk, water, rice动词第三人称单数的变化形式:(1).一般动词在词尾加-s. help—helps、like—likes、play—plays(2).以字母s, x, o, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es. guess—guesses、fix—fixes、teach—teaches(3).以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es study—studies(4).不规则变化。have-has3. 时间状语:频度副词 always, often, usually,sometimes频度词组 once a week, twice a year及every day、on weekends等表示时间的短语连用。〖一般过去时〗1.定义:一般过去时表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。2.结构:(1)主语+be(was/were)+表语,用于表示主语过去的身份,性质或状态。(2)主语+动词过去式+其他,用于表示主语过去的行为动作。否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他 3.时间状语:(1)yesterday, last night/week/month, just now(刚才), 时间段+ago,in 2008 , once upon a time(从前)等。(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often,always等频度副词连用。〖一般将来时〗1.定义:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态2.结构:(1)一般将来时由“will/shall+动词原形”构成。shall用于第一人称(I/we),will可用于各种人称。will是助动词,无人称和数的变化。肯定句:主语+will+动词原形......否定句:主语+will+not+动词原形......(will not = won’t. )一般疑问句:Will +主语+动词原形...? 肯定答语:Yes,主语+will 否定答语:No,主语+won’t特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形...?(2)主语+be going to +动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事情。(3)there be句式的一般将来时:“There will be+名词”和“There is/are going to be+名词”表示某地将存在某物或某人,两者可互换。3.时间状语:tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, in+一段时间(……之后),soon, the day after tomorrow, from now on(从现在起)等等。特殊情况:a.在时间或条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表将来。(主将从现)例:We will have a sports meeting if it doesn’t rain next Friday.b.现在进行时表将来:某些表示趋向性或转移性的动词,如come,go,fly,arrive,leave等,常用现在进行时表将来。 eg:They are flying to Guangdong next Sunday.〖现在进行时〗1.结构:主语+be(am/is/are)+doing(动词的现在分词形式)2.定义:表示现在或说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的动作-What are you doing -I’m reading a book.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。They are working hard these days for the coming exams.3.时间状语:these days, now,at the moment,It’s +钟点,以及提示语:Listen!.../ Look!... /Keep quiet!...〖过去进行时〗1.结构:主语+be(was/were)+doing(动词的现在分词形式)2.定义:(1)过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作They were swimming at 3:00pm yesterday.(2)表示一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行,常与when.while等引导时间状语的词连用I was doing my homework while my mom is cooking.3.时间状语:at the time of... 在...的时候 at this/that time 在这时/在那时/ at +点钟+过去的时间.when.while等引导过去时间状语的从句〖现在完成时〗1.结构:主语+have/has done(动词的过去分词)2.定义:(1)表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或或结果。常用的时间状语:already、just、yet、before、ever、so far、in the past few years等。She has cleaned the room.(2)表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去的动作或状态。常用的时间状语:for+时间段、since+表过去的时间点、since+时间状语从句(一般过去时)I have lived in Changsha since I was three years old.注意:如果要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,则要将短暂性动词转化为持续性动词。例如:become—be、borrow—keep、begin—be on、buy—have、die—be dead、leave—be away、fall asleep—be asleep、finish—be over、marry—be married等。3.have been to/have gone to/have been in区别:have been to:去过某地,说话时已经回来了。have gone to:去了某地,说话时还没有回来have been in:在某地呆了多久。I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。Look! The students _____________(answer) the questions carefully.Sam has already __________(save) 85 yuan for his favourite model car.She ________(do) sports every day and never stays up late.George walked into the room and ________(turn) on the light.Our geography teacher told us the moon __________(circle) the earth every 28 day.An apple a day ________(keep) the doctor away.You ____________(grow) since the last time I saw you.While Mr Johnson was _________(work) in the office, the phone rang.--May I speak to Nick --Sorry, he’s ________(go) to Paris and will be back in 2 weeks.--Why didn’t you answer my WeChat phone at eight o’clock last night --Sorry, I ____________(take) a walk with my friend along the river.11.Mid-Autumn Day usually _____ ( come )on August15th in the lunar calendar(阴历) every year.12. Lingling met her favorite presenter while she ______(visit) the radio station.13. My parents and I______ (plant)trees last Sunday.14. China ______ (make)great achievements in science and technology since 1978.15. —Did you hear that the Chinese skiing player, Gu Ailing, won the first prize 一Yes,I______ (have) a picnic with my friends at that time.16. ---Hey! Kart, what about your last winter camp in Hainan 一Oh! It _____ (leave )some sweet memories in my heart in the past several months.17.—Is Helen here 一No, she isn't here. She _____ (arrive) in half an hour.18. Hurry up! Mr. Brown ______(wait) for us in the meeting room at the moment.19.My sister is coming to my home today. She ____ (stay) with me for a week.20.The Great Wall is a place of interest. All of us ____(be/go)there before. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览