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选择性必修三unit3 reading for writing 语言点
1.attract v 吸引；引起（反应）
absorb/draw/ attract one’s attention/ eyes
attract sb to sth
attraction n. 爱慕； 有吸引力的人或事
attractive adj. 有吸引力的
2.对…产生影响
have an influence/impact/effect on sth.
make a difference
3.contribute v
contribute to(介词） 是...的原因之一；为...做出贡献
contribute ... to... 向...捐赠...; 添加...到...
（表示“导致、引起”的表达还有： lead to, result in, bring about）
contribution n. 贡献；捐赠；稿件
make a/an ... contribution to...
=make contributions to...
4.rise,arise和raise区分
Ⅰ. rise “升起；起来；上升”；只用作不及物动词，不能跟宾语。它表示“起床”的意义时比get up 正式 ，但不如get up 常用。
例如：
The Chinese people have risen to their feet. 中国人民站起来了。
He rises very early. 他起床很早。
Ⅱ. arise “出现；发生”；虽然也可以表示“升起；起来；起床”等意思，但现在一般不用于此义，特别是在口语中。
例如：
A new problem has arisen. 出现了一个新的问题。
How did the quarrel arise 争吵是怎样发生的？
Ⅲ. raise “提升；增加；培养；举起”；是及物动词，后边要接宾语。
例如：
The government planned to raise more money for schools. 政府计划为教育事业筹集更多的资金。
It is parents’ responsibility to raise their children. 养育孩子是家长的责任。
5.with 复合结构的几种情况：
① with +宾语+介词短语；
② with +宾语+形容词/副词/名词
③ with +宾语+现在分词 （表示主动或进行）
④ with +宾语+过去分词 （表示被动或者已完成）
⑤ with +宾语+动词不定式（表示将要发生）
1The teacher came in with a book in his hand.
2He used to sleep with the window open.
3With John away,we've got more rooms.
4Lu Xun fought against the enemy with a pen his only weapon.
5He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.
6All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
7With all these mouths to feed, he didn't know what to do.
6.These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
causing a ... species 动词-ing形式短语，做结果状语
动词-ing形式做结果状语常表示意料之内/情理之中的结果；
不定式to do形式做结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果.如only to do sth
under conservation 受到保护
conserve v. 保护；保存；节约
conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的
it 作形式主语
It+be +名词+主语从句。
It is a pity/ shame that…真可惜……
It+be+形容词+主语从句。
It is certain that… 肯定……
It is well-known that… 众所周知……
It+动词（+宾语或状语）+主语从句。
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurs to / comes to/ strikes / hits sb. that… 某人突然想起……
It+动词（+宾语或状语）+主语从句。
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurs to / comes to/ strikes / hits sb. that… 某人突然想起……

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