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娄底市2024届高考仿真模拟考试
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Who does the most shopping in the woman’s family
A. The woman. B. The woman’s father. C The woman’s mother.
2. When will the man leave the hotel
A. On July 15th. B. On July 18th. C. Tomorrow.
3. What is the woman probably going to do
A. Go abroad. B. Learn French. C. Go to school.
4. What does the woman think of the time for the man’s holiday
A. It’s common. B. It’s impossible. C. It’s not suitable.
5. Why does the woman say “Friday evening ”
A. She is surprised at what the man says.
B. She doesn’t understand the man quite well.
C. She may have another plan for that evening.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分).
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long does the woman expect the man to stay
A. Three days. B. Four days. C. Over four days.
7. What will the friend probably do
A. Help the man. B. Phone the woman. C. Stay with the woman.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why will Jane leave her job
A. She wants to be a teacher.
B. Her husband will go to Canada.
C. She has been offered a better job.
9. What will Jane probably do before she leaves
A. Train the new person. B. Post an advertisement.
C. Look for a replacement.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. Why does the man make rule number 1
A. Teenagers lack driving experience.
B. Teenagers often drive at high speeds.
C. Teenagers often drive without a license.
11. What does the girl really mean by her response to rule number 2
A. She is old enough to drive a car.
B. She is old enough to drive alone.
C. She is old enough to know traffic rules.
12. Which of the following is NOT included in the man’s rules
A. Don’t drive alone.
B. Don’t drive using a cell phone.
C. Don’t drive without wearing a seat belt.
13. What probably happens after the conversation
A. The man buys a car for the girl.
B. The man drives the girl to school.
C. The girl drives the car to school.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the man suggest to the woman
A. Finding out what interests Susan has.
B. Buying Susan’s birthday gift together.
C. Spending more money for. Susan’s birthday.
15. What will the speakers invite Susan to do
A. Go hiking. B. Go to concerts. C. Go out for dinner.
16. Who is Janet
A. The person living with Susan.
B. The person living with the man.
C. The person living with the woman.
17. What does the woman want to know from Janet
A. What singing groups Susan likes best.
B. What birthday gift she will give Susan.
C. Whether she will join them in buying a gift.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the purpose of East Coast College Tour
A. To experience a college life.
B. To choose a suitable college.
C. To visit one of the top colleges.
19. How long will East Coast College Tour last
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks.
20. What does the speaker focus on
A. The college campuses.
B. The activities of the tour.
C. The advantages of the colleges.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Getting Around Washington, DC by Public Transportation
Washington, DC, is not an easy city to drive in. If you’d rather avoid the headache of driving, consider taking advantage of the city’s public transportation system during your visit.
Public transportation
When Washingtonians say “Metro” or “Metrorail”, they mean the subway. The bus system is called Metrobus, and is usually simply referred to as the bus. Six rail lines (Red, Yellow, Blue, Silver, Green, and Orange) and an extensive bus system (more than 15,000 stops on 400 routes) connect DC to Maryland and Virginia.
Rail station entrances are marked with towers topped with the letter“M”. Stripes (线条)of color indicate, the lines traveling down below. Each, train, displays the name of its farthest destination.
Operating hours
Metro Operating Hours
DAY TIME
Monday-Thursday 5 am-12 am
Friday 5 am-1 am
Saturday 7 am-1 am
Sunday 7 am-12 am
Metrobus schedules vary by route. Free transfers (转乘) to use within two hours are available, and they are accepted on most local buses in addition to Metrobuses.
Fares
Metrorail fares run $1.35 to $3.90 based on distance traveled. A $6.50 One Day Pass is valid (有效的) for unlimited Metrorail travel on weekdays after 9:30 am or all day Saturdays or Sundays. Bus fares are $1.25, and 60 cents for seniors and people with disabilities, and $3 for express buses. The DC Circulator primarily serves visitors. This bus service connects major tourist attractions and parts of town. Each ride is $1.
21. What does a color represent in the DC Metro
A. A rail line. B. The subway. C. A rail station. D. A day of the week.
22. What are the Metro schedules set based on
A. Weekdays and weekends. B. Distances and departure times.
C. Starting points and destinations. D. Fares and the number of passengers.
23. When can One Day Pass be used on Metrorail lines on Sundays
A. From 5 am to 12 am. B. From 7 am to 12 am.
C. From 9:30 am to 1 am. D. From 5 am to 1 am.
B
The speedy lizard (蜥蜴) was moving quickly across the tabletop when suddenly one foot hit a slippery spot. It just made a split-second adjustment as it moved onward. Afterward, its movements, recorded with Hollywood-style motion-capture technology, were played back in slow motion.
This is the lab of Tonia Hsieh, a Temple University biologist who studies life on the move. The goal of the lizard study is to use the animals as a model for humans, to figure out better ways to prevent falls among the aged. The scientists are using two species—the frilled dragon and the brown basilisk—that share an unusual characteristic with humans: the ability to run on two legs.
If the scientists can figure out how these lizards remain upright in different situations, they hope some of the lessons can be used to guide human treatment.
The lizards run on a tabletop covered with sandpaper except for one slippery spot in the middle: a square of poster board covered with contact paper.
In the lab recently, the scientists filmed one of the frilled dragons in action and played it back at slow speed on a computer screen, the lizard’s movements reduced to a series of colored dots on a gray background. At the moment the lizard stepped on the contact paper, its left foot slid to the side, and its upper body twisted in the opposite direction. It barely seemed to lose its balance.
Could some clue in those colored dots be used to improve stability in older adults Every year, thousands of older, adults die from injuries sustained in falls.
The work is still ongoing, but early indications are that. tendons (肌腱) in the lizards’ feet play . a key role in balance, acting as springs that counteract (抵消) small changes in the surface. It’s a valuable first line of defense that kicks in even before the brain has time to react, Hsieh said.
If the scientists can figure out what factors are most important in keeping the lizards upright, perhaps someone can work out strategies to enhance those factors in people.
“I think this is a great first step,” said Hsieh.
24. What made the scientists decide to conduct the lizard study
A. Their curiosity about running lizards.
B. Their concern for lizard conservation.
C. The characteristics of different lizards.
D. The similarity between lizards and humans.
25. Why was contact paper used in the lizard study
A. To record the lizard’s movements. B. To provide stability for the lizard.
C. To make the lizard lose its balance. D. To limit the lizard’s running speed.
26. How does Hsieh feel about the lizard study
A. It’s important for lizards. B. It has been a great success.
C. It needs more assistance. D. It shows great promise.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Running like Lizards B. Learning from Lizards
C. Keeping Your Balance D. Developing Your Potential
C
The human eye can perceive about 1 million colors, but languages have far fewer words to describe those colors. Languages spoken in industrialized nations such as the United States, for example, tend to have about a dozen basic color terms, while languages spoken by populations in remote areas often have fewer. However, the way that a language divides up color space can be influenced by contact with other languages, according to a new study.
Among members of the Tsimane society, who live in a remote part of the Bolivian Amazon rainforest, the researchers found that those who had learned Spanish as a second language began to classify colors into more words, making color distinctions that are not commonly used by Tsimane who are monolingual (单语的).
In the most striking finding, Tsimane who were bilingual (会双语的) began using two different words to describe blue and green, which monolingual Tsimane speakers do not typically do. The researchers also found that the bilingual Tsimane became more precise in describing colors such as yellow and red, which monolingual speakers tend to use to include many shades (色度) beyond what a Spanish or English speaker would include.
Working with monolingual and bilingual members of the Tsimane, the researchers asked people to perform two different tasks. For the bilingual population, they asked them to do the tasks twice, once in Tsimane and once in Spanish.
In the first task, the researchers showed the subjects 84 chips (块) of different colors, one by one, and asked them what word they would use to describe the color. In the second task, the subjects were shown the entire set of chips and asked to group the chips by color words.
The researchers found that when performing this task in Spanish, the bilingual Tsimane classified colors into the traditional color words of the Spanish language. Additionally, the bilingual speakers were much more precise about naming colors when they performed the task in their native language.
“The bilingual speakers learned a different way to divide up the color space,” says Edward Gibson, the senior author of the study. “It’s a great example of one of the main benefits of learning a second language. You open a different world and understand different concepts that you import to your native language.”
28. What can be inferred about the Tsimane language from paragraph 3
A. There are very few color words.
B. There used to be no color words.
C. There are no words for blue and green.
D. There are many words for yellow and red.
29. Which of the following indicates a difference between the two tasks
A. The number of the chips. B. The color of the chips.
C. The way to show the chips. D. The people to perform the tasks.
30. What may explain why the bilingual speakers could name colors precisely when performing the task in Tsimane
A. The evolution of Tsimane. B. The popularity of Spanish.
C. The influence of Spanish. D. The uniqueness of Tsimane.
31. What is the main idea of the text
A. Learning language can broaden the mind.
B. Contact between languages can influence each other.
C. Bilingual speakers have more words to describe colors.
D. A language can acquire new concepts from other languages.
D
The impact of fast fashion on the environment is significant. Recently Zara, one of the largest fast-fashion retailers (零售商) in the world, put forth a concept that only sustainable fabrics are used in clothing production. But how can Zara ever be sustainable They produce around 450 million garments (衣服) a year and release 500 new designs a week, about 20,000 a year. Zara’s fast-fashion model has been so successful it has inspired an entire industry to follow them.
Clothing production doubled from 2012 to 2022. The average consumer bought 60 percent more clothing in 2022 than in 2012, but kept each garment half as long. And less than one percent of all clothing produced globally is recycled.
I spend a lot of time reading the corporate social responsibility reports of large brands and interviewing micro-to-small sized enterprises to see how they approach sustainability. The largest significant difference between them is culture.
Small brands focus on creating a culture of sustainability by using strategies like producing made-to-order, so they are not making more than what is sold. Most small brands are opting to work under, an “anti-fashion calendar”. They choose not to follow the intense seasonal calendar that fashion functions under. They do this because waste is one of their biggest concerns. They also design clothing to be of the highest quality, ensuring durability and longevity, so you may keep it longer.
Fast fashion is a “grow or die” business, and the fast-fashion growth model used by all large companies is predicated on limitless growth. Large global corporate retailers are not seeking to change their fundamental business model or create cultures of sustainability. That would require re-working their entire business structure and ultimately hurt their bottom line.
I would start to believe Zara and other large fashion brands had good intentions to fight climate change if they started to look at how to move away from their continuous offerings of weekly new products. They need to introduce alternative sustainable business model practices. One small step could be to offer repair or tailoring services. Tailoring creates clothes that fit perfectly, subsequently increasing their emotional value, so that we love them and keep them longer.
32. What does the author intend to show with the numbers about Zara in paragraph 1
A. Zara is not eco-friendly. B. Zara is popular with consumers.
C. Zara is a large fast-fashion retailer. D. Zara is a success in fashion industry.
33. Which of the following shows a cultural feature of small brands
A. Designing clothing as needed. B. Designing clothing seasonably.
C. Producing clothing as needed. D. Producing clothing seasonably.
34. What does the underlined part “bottom line” in paragraph 5 relate to
A. The fast-fashion retailers. B. The profits from fast fashion.
C. The culture of sustainability. D. The relationship with consumers.
35. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. How to make consumers love their clothes.
B. How to make consumers buy less clothing.
C. How large fashion brands offer weekly new products.
D. How large fashion brands improve their services.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered what-sets truly successful individuals apart The answer lies in growth thinking. It can unlock your potential and lead you towards a successful life.
One of the most beautiful aspects of growth thinking is that it extends beyond personal development. Take opportunities to support and motivate others, and share your journey, knowledge, and experiences, as it leads to a more fulfilling life for everyone involved. Humans are social creatures, and we benefit from each other when we do things together. 36
Building positive habits is the actual foundation of growth thinking. 37 Make a point of engaging in small, purposeful actions every day, and you will create a path for long-term growth. It’s the daily habits that keep you moving towards the goal you want to reach.
Challenges are not roadblocks; they are opportunities for development. 38 You become better equipped to handle an unfavorable situation, adapt to change, and find innovative solutions. This kind of attitude lays the foundation for long-term success and helps you deal with any challenge that comes your way.
Reflection is a powerful tool for growth. Set aside time regularly to think about your progress and areas for improvement. 39 It can be handwritten, digital, or even audio recordings—whatever works for you. Reflection allows you to learn from your experiences, develop strategies, and stay committed to your growth journey.
To foster growth thinking, expand your learning resources. Don’t limit yourself to a single source of knowledge. 40 It’s really a life-long project. Seek out different ideas to broaden your understanding of any given topic. The more you learn, the better equipped you are to adapt and grow,
A. Consistency is definitely the key.
B. Your confidence determines the end result.
C. Looking back also helps you learn from your mistakes.
D. Education can mean much more than sitting in a classroom.
E. You may keep a journal to track your thoughts and milestones.
F. By making a positive impact on others, you enhance your own growth.
G. Remember, the greatest growth often happens outside of your comfort zone.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some of the classrooms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara, California, have one flaw (缺陷) in common: They don’t have 41 .
“Most of the day, the students are 42 . And they don’t really get to see any trees, or the blue sky,” said Ernesto Rodriguez, a school psychologist with a 43 for landscape photography. “The lack of windows does affect kids, making it 44 to concentrate. Being in and around nature 45 anxiety and has benefits for students. Kids who have 46 out of windows do better academically, emotionally and creatively.”
He had an 47 to bring nature into rooms by developing hospital curtains that he could print landscapes onto as a 48 to brighten dull rooms. Then, he brought landscapes into classrooms—via the ceiling.
Rodriguez uses his photography skills to take 360 degree shots of tree. canopies (树冠). Then he 49 them and fits them onto the ceiling, so when you 50 , it feels like you’re sitting under a tree. “It has all those elements of the science that help calm you down, help you 51 and communicate. Kids will want to come in more 52 ,” he said.
“It’s surprising to 53 that there are trees here,” one student said as she entered the room and saw the 54 addition. “I would say that it’s pretty great and beautiful. Trees bring me peace.”
“This is a 55 of both my careers as a school psychologist and a photographer,” said Rodriguez.
41. A. trees. B. ceilings C. windows D. photos
42. A. inside B. outside C. downstairs D. upstairs
43. A. demand B. concern C. dream D. passion
44. A. hard B. useless C. necessary D. endless
45. A. connects B. eases C. causes D. increases
46. A. time B. access C. thoughts D. views
47. A. idea B. approval C. opinion D. impression
48. A. guide B. way C. reason D. proposal
49. A. collects B. grades C. prints D. cuts
50. A. get out B. get up C. look out D. look up
51. A. play B. eat C. focus D. breathe
52. A. frequently B. quickly C. comfortably D. normally
53. A. confirm B. see C. fancy D. forget
54. A. familiar B. confusing C. new D. usual
55. A. characteristic B. combination C. balance D. foundation
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we tell people that we opened a company that teaches people about traditional Chinese culture, and allows them to experience things like calligraphy, painting and tai chi, the 56 (react) we often get is “Why You are British! You should teach British culture!” I would always say simply that I love traditional Chinese culture, and want to share that 57 others.
When talking about traditional Chinese culture, we are referring to the language, philosophies, food, arts and crafts, and customs from thousands of years ago up to the 21st century, 58 have been passed down through the generations. And as anyone who has heard anything about China 59 (know), with a history of an estimated 5,000 years, that covers a lot of culture! Traditional culture is still 60 (high) popular in China, and the philosophies of thousands of years ago are still visible and influencing the culture today, even if not 61 (recognise) by name.
The culture of China, both modern and traditional, can appear quite different and at times even difficult 62 (understand), which often leads to misunderstanding. But the more you learn and understand, the 63 (well) you know about China. Of course, that means more than taking one calligraphy class 64 trying out tai chi one afternoon, but each experience you have brings you closer to answering any questions you have and 65 (close)the gap between your perception and reality.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你打算在暑假期间为来华的外国游客当导游。请给某旅游公司写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你为外国游客当导游的申请；
2.你为外国游客当导游的优势；
3.你为外国游客当导游的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a high school student. ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As my mom says, love is simple. There came a time in my life, over two years ago, when I had the desire to impact someone’s life positively. My friend Kelley told me about a volunteer trip she had taken to Gary, West Virginia, and it was a life-changing experience. After looking into service opportunities, I signed up to take a volunteer trip to Gary.
Volunteer trips have become increasingly popular among young people seeking meaningful experiences. They gain access to a wide range of volunteer projects concerning various fields such as education, environmental conservation, community development, and more.
When we arrived in Gary, I noticed how different the town was from where I lived. Houses were built on little hills. There were few stores or restaurants in town; most had closed. You were lucky to find a gas station or grocery store.
My job was to help build a new school. The work days were long and hot. We awoke at 6 a. m. and worked through the day in 90 degree heat. There were always encouraging people by my side who helped keep me going. Anyway, it was an unforgettable experience.
Then last summer, I decided to challenge myself by taking a volunteer trip abroad with some other volunteers and taking up meaningful volunteer work in a foreign community. My destination was a remote village in Honduras, a country in Central America. I wanted to teach science to the poor children there.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eager to participate, I talked to my parents, but they didn’t say yes at first. ____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then we wasted no time in getting ready for our science teaching. ___________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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