资源简介

2023～2024学年度上学期高二年级10月阶段考试
英语
本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Long Walks in Europe
Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland
Distance 71 miles
The Waldst tterweg Trail (路线) is one of the safest when it comes to snowy conditions, and the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October. This seven-stage route trails the shore of Lake Lucerne, with the glaring blue water being a constant companion. Old paths and elegant trails through woods link lakeside settlements.
Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany
Distance 58 miles
The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗). Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond. The route takes in forests, Germany’s largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge. It also follows the poet Goethe’s hiking route up the Brocken.
GR141, Andalucía, Spain
Distance 68 miles
Autumn isn’t just a good time to walk in Andalucía. The weather stays warm long after winter starts to bite further north. It’s cheaper and less crowded, too. In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower. And two newly created GR routes begin here: both are well marked, reasonably challenging, divided into six stages and walkable in a week.
Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece
Distance 47 miles
The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn. Temperatures are pleasant and autumn colours are wonderful well into November. It’s a quiet time to visit, too. Nights in mountain villages are a highlight. Dimitsana, surrounded by pine forests and snowy peaks, is a particular jewel; In Stemnitsa, there is a folklore museum showcasing the village’s jewellery-making heritage.
21. Which trail may attract people who are interested in folk and local religious culture
A. Harz Witches Trail. B. Waldst tterweg Trail .
C. GR141. D. Menalon Trail.
22. What can people do on Menalon Trail
A. Admire colorful flowers. B. Learn about local festivals.
C. Enjoy wonderful nights. D. Explore the forests.
23. What do the listed four trails have in common
A. They cover similar distances. B. They require no charges.
C. They feature snow scenery. D. They suit autumn walks.
B
When I was a kid, my siblings (兄弟姐妹) and I used to have ice cream for dessert. Every day, we would choose which ice cream flavor to have, whether to eat it in a cone or a bowl. Then we would happily wolf down our treat (款待) as fast as we could.
Once, though, when I was probably about 10 or 11, our grandpa came to visit us. Grandpa always had a unique view on things. On this particular occasion, my sister and I were making bets as to who could finish our ice cream first. With a smile, Grandpa said, “Why would you want to finish first If you eat slowly, it will last longer. You should have a competition to see who can finish last.” Even now, I always try to taste my ice cream, but of course this is about more than just dessert.
Too often, kids want to scramble (争夺) for more, whether it’s more ice cream, more toys, or more friends. This habit persists into our adult years, and we end up constantly scrambling for more. We never develop the skill of appreciating what we have. If we learn to recognize this pattern and change it, we can raise our kids a little differently, giving them the tool of tasting their widely known dessert, which could lead to a happier life for them.
What my grandpa taught me that day was really that if you take the opportunity to enjoy what’s in front of you, the pleasure will last longer and be more rewarding than if you rush through life always trying to get the next treat. It’s a lesson that, I think, has made my adult life happier, as well. These days, when I want something, I wait as long as I can before I allow myself to have it. Then, when I finally get it, I make sure to treasure it as long as possible, because I know that, no matter what it is, it will be gone all too soon.
24. The author’s grandfather advised her sister and her to_______.
A. stop eating ice cream B. learn something from their way of eating
C. stop the competition between them D. eat ice cream as slowly as possible
25. Which of the following best describes the author’s grandfather
A. Humorous. B. Wise. C. Strict. D. Careful.
26. What advice does the author give us in the passage
A. Value what you have. B. Keep longing for more.
C. Have a balanced diet. D. Save for the future.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author benefits a lot from her grandfather’s advice.
B. The author doesn’t like ice cream as much as before.
C. The author just starts to understand her grandfather.
D. The author longs for the days when they ate ice cream.
C
There’s been lots of concern recently about the potential dangers of microwave popcorn (爆米花), but is this concern founded, or just overmuch fear-spreading The answer is that many of the chemicals that caused worry in earlier decades have been removed from microwave popcorn, but some critics still are not satisfied.
“You may consider popcorn to be a low-calorie, high-fiber snack, but microwave popcorn isn’t a healthy choice,” explains nutrition expert Dan DeFigio. That’s because microwave popcorn bags were coated with perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) to prevent oil substance from leaking out. One particular type of PFC, known as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has been linked to certain cancers, but the American Cancer Society says the evidence is unsure and more research is being done about this.
Nevertheless, in response to concerns about PFCs, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) worked with popcorn makers back in 2011 to remove PFOA from their packaging. Three more PFCs were banned in the next five years. So today’s microwave popcorn doesn’t have these chemicals, but critics say that the alternatives could cause problems as the old ones, but less is known about them.
That’s not the only problem, however. The chemical that for decades lent buttery deliciousness to popcorn has also been connected in rare cases with major lung damage. Known as diacetyl (二乙酰), it’s long been a documented problem with workers in popcorn making facilities, but also can be risky for people who just eat the snack a lot. A 2007 study published in the journal Critical Reviews found that more than 80 percent of chemical release happened when the bag was opened post-popping. Although diacetyl has been removed from most products, some critics claim that the alternative to diacetyl is also harmful.
Most of the exposure to diacetyl came from inbreathing rather than eating popcorn. Therefore, experts recommend at least waiting for the bag to cool before you open it to reduce potentially harmful chemical exposure. Better yet, make your own fresh at home with an air popper. If you like to flavor it, add organic butter or some cheese.
28. What can we know about PFOA from the text
A. PFOA doesn’t exist in Popcorn bags in America currently.
B PFOA can stop the leak of nutrition.
C. PFOA in popcorn bags leads to cancer.
D. PFOA has been removed from PFCs.
29. According to the text, who are most probably exposed to diacetyl
A. Critics claiming diacetyl is harmful.
B. Workers making popcorn in factories.
C. People making popcorn with an air popper.
D. Consumers eating microwave popcorn occasionally.
30. What does the last paragraph intend to tell us
A. How to flavor popcorn.
B. How to make popcorn at home.
C. How to make popcorn safer.
D. How to find alternatives to diacetyl.
31. What is the topic of the text
A. Is Popcorn a Healthy Choice
B. Should We Ban Microwave Popcorn
C. Should PFCs Be Removed from Microwave Popcorn
D. Is Microwave Popcorn Really Dangerous
D
Regular physical activity had nearly doubled cardiovascular (心血管的) benefits in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with individuals without these diagnoses, according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 71st Annual Scientific Session.
The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that counteract stress. Overall, the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely to suffer a major harmful cardiovascular event than those who exercised less. These benefits were significantly greater in those with anxiety or depression, who had a 22% risk reduction vs. a 10% risk reduction in those without either condition.
“The effect of physical activity on the brain’s stress response may be particularly relevant to those with stress-related mental conditions,” said Hadil Zureigat, MD, postdoctoral clinical research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital and the study’s lead author. “This is not to suggest that exercise is only effective in those with depression or anxiety, but we found that these patients seem to get a greater cardiovascular benefit from physical activity.”
Rates of both depression and anxiety have risen during the outbreak of flu, and heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the US. The study findings underline the important role of exercise in maintaining heart health and reducing stress, according to the researchers.
“Any amount of exercise is helpful, particularly for those with depression or anxiety,” Zureigat said. “Not only will physical activity help them feel better, but they will also significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease. It can be hard to make the transition, but once achieved, physical activity allows those with these common chronic (慢性的) stress-related mental conditions to hit two birds with one stone.”
32. Who can get the most cardiovascular benefit from regular exercise
A. Someone with little brain capacity. B. Someone with abnormal heart rates.
C. Someone diagnosed with depression. D. Someone with fear-related mental conditions.
33 What does the underlined word “counteract” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Double. B. Resist. C. Awaken. D. Transport.
34. Which of the following may the findings support
A. Physical exercise is vital to mental health.
B. Physical exercise can cure those people of flu.
C. Exercise merely works for those with depression.
D. Exercise accelerates the recovery of all mental patients.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. Physical Activity Can Prevent Chronic Disease
B. Heart Disease Remains the Leading Cause of Death
C. Rates of Depression Have Risen During the Outbreak of Flu
D. Workout Is Very Good for Stress-related Patients’ Cardiovascular Health
第二节七选五(共5小題;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
How Mobile Technology has Changed Our Lives Forever
The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology was incredible. ____36____ Here we highlight the most common ones that technology is changing our lives today.
● Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.
The advancement of technology has made communication unbelievably fast and convenient.
In the past, writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate remotely with someone. ____37____ You can send them a message on social media, text them, video chat, email, or put a call through.
● Mobile technology creates the “Everything” device.
With many businesses mobile technologies have brought about, there are some products that they have made out of date. Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player, alarm clock, GPS, calculator, camera, flashlight, calendar and much more. ____38____
● Mobile technology leads to ever-present distraction.
In many places, it’s a common sight to see just about everyone with a mobile phone within arm’s reach. In the first two ways listed above, that can be useful. ____39____ As mobile technologies have become more and more widespread in today’s society, research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects, the majority of which are related to mental health.
____40____ We should accept that mobile technologies are here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings. In my opinion, its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages.
A. We cannot ignore its disadvantages.
B. All in all, mobile devices greatly benefit our lives.
C. However, instant access is not always a good thing.
D. While these things do still exist, they are no longer absolutely essential.
E. Nowadays, you are blessed with more efficient options at your fingertips.
F. The conventional way of doing shopping has also changed beyond imagination.
G. Since then, advances in mobile technology have shaped our lives in various ways.
第三部分
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
Anoushé Husain has packed more into her 35 years than most people manage in a lifetime. Born____41____her right arm below the elbow, Husain threw herself into____42____as a youngster. But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer, put an ____43____to that passion. “Surgery left me with moving____44____and strength issues,” she says. “I was sedentary (需要久坐的)for long. Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”
The moment____45____everything. “I needed much balance and skill to do the same moves as her,” says Husain. “But by concentrating on it, I ____46____ my illness. I was just a climber. That____47____ made me confident. So after moving to London from Luxembourg in 2015, I started ____48____ in Finsbury Park. I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London, which seemed ____49____.Climbing with able-bodied people, I sometimes felt_____50_____ as a young woman with cancer.”
Eventually Husain entered a _____51_____. “I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says. “_____52_____, I met many other disabled climbers who said it was a_____53_____ that we only met up for events. So in 2017, I set up a_____54_____for disabled climbers.” Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions. “It _____55_____my life,” she says.
41. A. missing B. moving C. testing D. exercising
42. A. work B. sport C. nature D. performance
43. A. end B. order C. idea D. agreement
44. A. guarantee B. energy C. training D. difficulty
45. A. formed B. proved C. changed D. discovered
46. A. recorded B. forgot C. rewarded D. collected
47. A. request B. action C. feeling D. opportunity
48. A. studying B. living C. walking D. climbing
49. A. primitive B. interesting C. incredible D. meaningful
50. A. lonely B. attractive C. angry D. satisfied
51. A. debate B. routine C. process D. competition
52. A. Generally B. Unexpectedly C. Hopefully D. Unluckily
53. A. shame B. wonder C. surprise D. pleasure
54. A. company B. club C. comment D. country
55. A. came across B. depended on C. took up D. brought about
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As people across the country watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou-14 spaceship, _____56_____ pen floating in the capsule (太空舱) _____57_____ (catch) the attention of many people.
The pen was produced by Shaoguan Shengyi Stationery Co., Ltd., which is a pioneer in making pens _____58_____ (use) in outer space.
The space pen is different _____59_____ a common pen. A common pen can neither withstand the influence and vibration (震动) experienced by the spaceship during rocket launch (发射) nor write _____60_____ (proper) in an environment of outer space. The pen _____61_____ (have) a head made of special materials to make it possible to write in outer space. The ink within the pen is also a special liquid with high viscosity (黏性), _____62_____ (make) writing stick to surfaces instead of flying off as dangerous drops. What’s more, the head _____63_____ is less sharp than the head of a normal pen can be safely used in the cabin.
A space pen developed by the company _____64_____ (send) into space aboard the Shenzhen-10 spacecraft in 2013, which made China the ______65______ (two) country in the world able to independently produce a pen that could be used in space.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，是学校英语协会的负责人。最近，你校准备邀请英国心理学专家Curry Smith就学习减压举行一个讲座，请你用英语出一则通知。
要点：
1.讲座地点、时间；
2.讲座专家、内容；
3.注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mom, where do you suppose they are ” my ten-year-old son Danny asked for the twentieth time as he stared out of the window at the range (牧场). “They” were our horses, Ginger, and her three-year-old son, Charcoal, both of whom had been missing for days.
Our range and woods offered plenty of grass for six horses. However, spring thunderstorms during the past ten days had forced the nearby river out of its banks. The other horses had come to the barn (畜棚) during the downpour, but not Ginger or Charcoal.
When the rain stopped, I took Spot, our dog, to do some first-hand searching. We went through trees and brush in wet lowlands near the river. All my calling and Spot’s smelling were in vain.
The next morning, the sun struggled to shine through gray clouds, but dampness filled the air. Suddenly, Danny shouted, “Mom, come quick! There’s Ginger!” The horse stood at the range gate crying impatiently and moving back and forth as if to say “Follow me”.
“Hurry, Danny,” I said, “get the pot with some oats (燕麦). I will bring a rope.” Ginger walked in front and we followed. “I see him! I see him!” Danny shouted. Charcoal was lying on his side, not moving. His right back leg was badly injured.
“Oh, Mom. How long do you think he’s been lying here with no food and nobody to care for him ” Tears formed in Danny’s blue eyes. “Probably several days, but we’ll never know. Ginger took care of him, though, protecting him from attacks from hungry wolves or other wild animals,” I said.
“What can we do now ” Danny asked anxiously. “There’s no way to drive a vehicle down here in all this mud.” “We just have to get him up and lead him out” I said, keeping my voice confident. “Afterwards, we’ll have to call the vet (兽医) out.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With our encouragement and the attraction of oats, Charcoal struggled and managed to stand up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Upon arriving at the barn, Danny started creating a bed for Charcoal.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023～2024学年度上学期高二年级10月阶段考试
英语
本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Long Walks in Europe
Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland
Distance 71 miles
The Waldst tterweg Trail (路线) is one of the safest when it comes to snowy conditions, and the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October. This seven-stage route trails the shore of Lake Lucerne, with the glaring blue water being a constant companion. Old paths and elegant trails through woods link lakeside settlements.
Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany
Distance 58 miles
The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗). Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond. The route takes in forests, Germany’s largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge. It also follows the poet Goethe’s hiking route up the Brocken.
GR141, Andalucía, Spain
Distance 68 miles
Autumn isn’t just a good time to walk in Andalucía. The weather stays warm long after winter starts to bite further north. It’s cheaper and less crowded, too. In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower. And two newly created GR routes begin here: both are well marked, reasonably challenging, divided into six stages and walkable in a week.
Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece
Distance 47 miles
The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn. Temperatures are pleasant and autumn colours are wonderful well into November. It’s a quiet time to visit, too. Nights in mountain villages are a highlight. Dimitsana, surrounded by pine forests and snowy peaks, is a particular jewel; In Stemnitsa, there is a folklore museum showcasing the village’s jewellery-making heritage.
21. Which trail may attract people who are interested in folk and local religious culture
A. Harz Witches Trail. B. Waldst tterweg Trail .
C. GR141. D. Menalon Trail.
22. What can people do on Menalon Trail
A. Admire colorful flowers. B. Learn about local festivals.
C. Enjoy wonderful nights. D. Explore the forests.
23. What do the listed four trails have in common
A. They cover similar distances. B. They require no charges.
C. They feature snow scenery. D. They suit autumn walks.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲四条长途步行的旅行路线。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany”下文介绍中的“The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗). (哈茨山脉一直与德国民间传说联系在一起)”以及“The route takes in forests, Germany’s largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge. It also follows the poet Goethe’s hiking route up the Brocken.(这条路线经过森林、德国最大的木制教堂和一座439米长的绳索吊桥。它还沿袭了诗人歌德攀登布洛肯山的路线。)”可知，Harz Witches Trail这条路线与民间传说相关，且经过德国最大的木制教堂，因此会吸引对民间和当地宗教文化感兴趣的人。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece”下文介绍中的“Nights in mountain villages are a highlight. (山村的夜晚是一大亮点。)”可知，在Menalon Trail在这条路线上人们可以欣赏美丽的山村夜晚。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland”下文介绍中的“The Waldst tterweg Trail (路线) is one of the safest when it comes to snowy conditions, and the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October.(在下雪的情况下，Waldst tterweg步道是最安全的步道之一，十月底的景色和树木的颜色令人叹为观止)”、“Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany”下文介绍中的“Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond.(哈茨女巫小径沿着森林小径穿过哈茨国家公园，整个10月甚至更长时间都可以步行。)”、“GR141, Andalucía, Spain”下文介绍中的“Autumn isn’t just a good time to walk in Andalucía. The weather stays warm long after winter starts to bite further north. It’s cheaper and less crowded, too. In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower. (在Andalucía秋天不只是散步的好季节，在更北的地方开始遭受寒冬侵袭后，天气仍保持温暖。那里更便宜，也不那么拥挤。11月，这里的气候比较温和，一些植物继续开花。)”以及“Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece”下文介绍中的“The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn. Temperatures are pleasant and autumn colours are wonderful well into November.(Menalon小径是秋天的绝佳选择。气温宜人，秋天的色彩一直到11月都很美妙。)”可知，这四条路线的共同之处在于都很适合秋季步行。故选D项。
B
When I was a kid, my siblings (兄弟姐妹) and I used to have ice cream for dessert. Every day, we would choose which ice cream flavor to have, whether to eat it in a cone or a bowl. Then we would happily wolf down our treat (款待) as fast as we could.
Once, though, when I was probably about 10 or 11, our grandpa came to visit us. Grandpa always had a unique view on things. On this particular occasion, my sister and I were making bets as to who could finish our ice cream first. With a smile, Grandpa said, “Why would you want to finish first If you eat slowly, it will last longer. You should have a competition to see who can finish last.” Even now, I always try to taste my ice cream, but of course this is about more than just dessert.
Too often, kids want to scramble (争夺) for more, whether it’s more ice cream, more toys, or more friends. This habit persists into our adult years, and we end up constantly scrambling for more. We never develop the skill of appreciating what we have. If we learn to recognize this pattern and change it, we can raise our kids a little differently, giving them the tool of tasting their widely known dessert, which could lead to a happier life for them.
What my grandpa taught me that day was really that if you take the opportunity to enjoy what’s in front of you, the pleasure will last longer and be more rewarding than if you rush through life always trying to get the next treat. It’s a lesson that, I think, has made my adult life happier, as well. These days, when I want something, I wait as long as I can before I allow myself to have it. Then, when I finally get it, I make sure to treasure it as long as possible, because I know that, no matter what it is, it will be gone all too soon.
24. The author’s grandfather advised her sister and her to_______.
A. stop eating ice cream B. learn something from their way of eating
C. stop the competition between them D. eat ice cream as slowly as possible
25. Which of the following best describes the author’s grandfather
A. Humorous. B. Wise. C. Strict. D. Careful.
26. What advice does the author give us in the passage
A. Value what you have. B. Keep longing for more.
C. Have a balanced diet. D. Save for the future.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author benefits a lot from her grandfather’s advice.
B. The author doesn’t like ice cream as much as before.
C. The author just starts to understand her grandfather.
D. The author longs for the days when they ate ice cream.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述作者小时候和姐姐在打赌谁能先吃完冰淇淋，爷爷建议作者慢点吃，冰淇淋会吃的更久，作者也因此从祖父那里学到的一个道理：学会抓住机会去享受你面前的东西，这种快乐会持续得更久，也会比你匆忙地生活，总是试图得到下一个奖励更有意义。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Grandpa always had a unique view on things. On this particular occasion, my sister and I were making bets as to who could finish our ice cream first. With a smile, Grandpa said, “Why would you want to finish first If you eat slowly, it will last longer. You should have a competition to see who can finish last.”可知爷爷对事物总是有独特的看法。在这个特殊的场合，我和姐姐在打赌谁能先吃完冰淇淋。爷爷笑着说:“你为什么要先吃完呢？如果你慢慢地吃，冰激凌会吃的更久。你们应该进行一场比赛，看谁能最后一个吃完。”由此可知，作者的祖父建议她们慢点吃冰淇淋。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中What my grandpa taught me that day was really that if you take the opportunity to enjoy what’s in front of you, the pleasure will last longer and be more rewarding than if you rush through life always trying to get the next treat.可知我爷爷那天真正教会我的是，如果你抓住机会去享受你面前的东西，这种快乐会持续得更久，也会比你匆忙地生活，总是试图得到下一个奖励更有意义。由此可推知，祖父教给作者的是生活的哲理，说明祖父是一个非常睿智的人。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Then, when I finally get it, I make sure to treasure it as long as possible, because I know that, no matter what it is, it will be gone all too soon.可知然后，当我最终得到它的时候，我会尽可能地珍惜它，因为我知道，无论它是什么，它都很快就会消失。由此可推知，作者给我们的建议是要珍惜现在拥有的一切。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中It’s a lesson that, I think, has made my adult life happier, as well.可知我认为，这也让我的成年生活更加快乐。由此可推知，作者因为祖父的建议，成年生活更加开心了，即作者从她祖父的忠告中获益良多。故选A。
C
There’s been lots of concern recently about the potential dangers of microwave popcorn (爆米花), but is this concern founded, or just overmuch fear-spreading The answer is that many of the chemicals that caused worry in earlier decades have been removed from microwave popcorn, but some critics still are not satisfied.
“You may consider popcorn to be a low-calorie, high-fiber snack, but microwave popcorn isn’t a healthy choice,” explains nutrition expert Dan DeFigio. That’s because microwave popcorn bags were coated with perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) to prevent oil substance from leaking out. One particular type of PFC, known as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has been linked to certain cancers, but the American Cancer Society says the evidence is unsure and more research is being done about this.
Nevertheless, in response to concerns about PFCs, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) worked with popcorn makers back in 2011 to remove PFOA from their packaging. Three more PFCs were banned in the next five years. So today’s microwave popcorn doesn’t have these chemicals, but critics say that the alternatives could cause problems as the old ones, but less is known about them.
That’s not the only problem, however. The chemical that for decades lent buttery deliciousness to popcorn has also been connected in rare cases with major lung damage. Known as diacetyl (二乙酰), it’s long been a documented problem with workers in popcorn making facilities, but also can be risky for people who just eat the snack a lot. A 2007 study published in the journal Critical Reviews found that more than 80 percent of chemical release happened when the bag was opened post-popping. Although diacetyl has been removed from most products, some critics claim that the alternative to diacetyl is also harmful.
Most of the exposure to diacetyl came from inbreathing rather than eating popcorn. Therefore, experts recommend at least waiting for the bag to cool before you open it to reduce potentially harmful chemical exposure. Better yet, make your own fresh at home with an air popper. If you like to flavor it, add organic butter or some cheese.
28. What can we know about PFOA from the text
A. PFOA doesn’t exist in Popcorn bags in America currently.
B. PFOA can stop the leak of nutrition.
C. PFOA in popcorn bags leads to cancer.
D. PFOA has been removed from PFCs.
29. According to the text, who are most probably exposed to diacetyl
A. Critics claiming diacetyl is harmful.
B. Workers making popcorn in factories.
C. People making popcorn with an air popper.
D. Consumers eating microwave popcorn occasionally.
30. What does the last paragraph intend to tell us
A. How to flavor popcorn.
B. How to make popcorn at home.
C. How to make popcorn safer.
D. How to find alternatives to diacetyl.
31. What is the topic of the text
A. Is Popcorn a Healthy Choice
B. Should We Ban Microwave Popcorn
C. Should PFCs Be Removed from Microwave Popcorn
D. Is Microwave Popcorn Really Dangerous
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微波爆米花存在潜在危险，因为爆米花袋上涂有的化学物质对人体健康有害。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless, in response to concerns about PFCs, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) worked with popcorn makers back in 2011 to remove PFOA from their packaging. Three more PFCs were banned in the next five years. So today’s microwave popcorn doesn’t have these chemicals, but critics say that the alternatives could cause problems as the old ones, but less is known about them.(然而，为了回应对PFOA的担忧，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）早在2011年就与爆米花制造商合作，将PFOA从包装中去除。在接下来的五年里，又有三种全氟化合物被禁止使用。所以今天的微波爆米花不含这些化学物质，但批评人士说，替代品可能会像旧的爆米花一样造成问题，但人们对它们知之甚少。)”可知，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）早在2011年就与爆米花制造商合作，将PFOA从包装中去除；因此，目前在美国爆米花袋中不存在PFOA。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中的“The chemical that for decades lent buttery deliciousness to popcorn has also been connected in rare cases with major lung damage. Known as diacetyl (二乙酰), it’s long been a documented problem with workers in popcorn making facilities, but also can be risky for people who just eat the snack a lot. (几十年来，这种给爆米花带来黄油般美味的化学物质，在极少数情况下也与严重的肺损伤有关。它被称为二乙酰，长期以来，爆米花制作厂的工人一直被记载存在这一问题，但对那些经常吃零食的人来说也可能有风险。)”可知diacetyl（二乙酰）会损伤肺部，是生产爆米花工人记录在案的问题，说明在工厂制作爆米花的工人最易接触二乙酰。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Most of the exposure to diacetyl came from inbreathing rather than eating popcorn. Therefore, experts recommend at least waiting for the bag to cool before you open it to reduce potentially harmful chemical exposure. Better yet, make your own fresh at home with an air popper. If you like to flavor it, add organic butter or some cheese.(大多数接触到双乙酰的人是通过呼吸而不是吃爆米花。因此，专家建议至少等袋子冷却后再打开，以减少潜在的有害化学物质的接触。更好的是，在家里用一个空气清新器。如果你喜欢调味，可以加入有机黄油或奶酪。)”可知本段主要告诉我们吃爆米花时，怎样减少潜在的有害化学物质的接触，即如何让爆米花更安全。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“There’s been lots of concern recently about the potential dangers of microwave popcorn (爆米花), but is this concern founded, or just overmuch fear-spreading The answer is that many of the chemicals that caused worry in earlier decades have been removed from microwave popcorn, but some critics still are not satisfied.(最近有很多人担心微波爆米花的潜在危险，但这种担心是有根据的，还是只是过度的恐惧传播？答案是，在过去的几十年里，许多令人担忧的化学物质已经从微波爆米花中去除，但一些批评者仍然不满意。)”提出问题：微波爆米花是否存在潜在危险？下文第二、三、四段分别阐述了微波爆米花袋上涂有全氟化学物质对人体有害，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）禁止在爆米花袋上涂有像全氟辛烷磺酸一样的化学物质，“涂在爆米花袋上的二乙酰（diacetyl）对人们有害，而且替代双乙酰的替代品也是有害；第五段阐述如何使爆米花更安全”；由此可知，本文主要阐述爆米花袋上的化学物质对人有害以及如何使爆米花更安全，回答了微波爆米花是否存在潜在危险这一问题，D项“Is Microwave Popcorn Really Dangerous (微波爆米花真的很危险吗？)”符合文章主旨。故选D项。
D
Regular physical activity had nearly doubled cardiovascular (心血管的) benefits in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with individuals without these diagnoses, according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 71st Annual Scientific Session.
The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that counteract stress. Overall, the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely to suffer a major harmful cardiovascular event than those who exercised less. These benefits were significantly greater in those with anxiety or depression, who had a 22% risk reduction vs. a 10% risk reduction in those without either condition.
“The effect of physical activity on the brain’s stress response may be particularly relevant to those with stress-related mental conditions,” said Hadil Zureigat, MD, postdoctoral clinical research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital and the study’s lead author. “This is not to suggest that exercise is only effective in those with depression or anxiety, but we found that these patients seem to get a greater cardiovascular benefit from physical activity.”
Rates of both depression and anxiety have risen during the outbreak of flu, and heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the US. The study findings underline the important role of exercise in maintaining heart health and reducing stress, according to the researchers.
“Any amount of exercise is helpful, particularly for those with depression or anxiety,” Zureigat said. “Not only will physical activity help them feel better, but they will also significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease. It can be hard to make the transition, but once achieved, physical activity allows those with these common chronic (慢性的) stress-related mental conditions to hit two birds with one stone.”
32. Who can get the most cardiovascular benefit from regular exercise
A. Someone with little brain capacity. B. Someone with abnormal heart rates.
C. Someone diagnosed with depression. D. Someone with fear-related mental conditions.
33. What does the underlined word “counteract” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Double. B. Resist. C. Awaken. D. Transport.
34. Which of the following may the findings support
A. Physical exercise is vital to mental health.
B. Physical exercise can cure those people of flu.
C. Exercise merely works for those with depression.
D. Exercise accelerates the recovery of all mental patients.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. Physical Activity Can Prevent Chronic Disease
B. Heart Disease Remains the Leading Cause of Death
C. Rates of Depression Have Risen During the Outbreak of Flu
D. Workout Is Very Good for Stress-related Patients’ Cardiovascular Health
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了锻炼对患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人的心血管的益处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Regular physical activity had nearly doubled cardiovascular (心血管的) benefits in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with individuals without these diagnoses, according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 71st Annual Scientific Session.(根据在美国心脏病学会第71届年度科学会议上发表的一项研究，与没有这些诊断的人相比，有规律的体育锻炼对抑郁症或焦虑症患者心血管疾病的益处几乎增加了一倍)”可知，被诊断患有抑郁症的人能从定期锻炼中获得最大的心血管益处。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Overall, the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely to suffer a major harmful cardiovascular event than those who exercised less.(总的来说，研究发现，每周达到建议运动量的人患主要有害心血管疾病的可能性比锻炼较少的人低17%)”以及划线词上文“The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that”可知，运动通过帮助激活大脑中抵消压力的部分来改善心血管健康，这一研究结果进一步证明了这一点。由此可知，划线词counteract意思是“抵抗”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The study findings underline the important role of exercise in maintaining heart health and reducing stress, according to the researchers.(研究人员表示，研究结果强调了锻炼在保持心脏健康和减轻压力方面的重要作用)”可知，研究结果支持了体育锻炼对心理健康至关重要。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Regular physical activity had nearly doubled cardiovascular (心血管的) benefits in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with individuals without these diagnoses, according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 71st Annual Scientific Session.(根据在美国心脏病学会第71届年度科学会议上发表的一项研究，与没有这些诊断的人相比，有规律的体育锻炼对抑郁症或焦虑症患者心血管疾病的益处几乎增加了一倍)”及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了锻炼对有心理压力相关问题的患 者的心血管健康有很大益处。由此可知，D选项“锻炼对压力相关患者的心血管健康非常有益”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节七选五(共5小題;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
How Mobile Technology has Changed Our Lives Forever
The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology was incredible. ____36____ Here we highlight the most common ones that technology is changing our lives today.
● Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.
The advancement of technology has made communication unbelievably fast and convenient.
In the past, writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate remotely with someone. ____37____ You can send them a message on social media, text them, video chat, email, or put a call through.
● Mobile technology creates the “Everything” device.
With many businesses mobile technologies have brought about, there are some products that they have made out of date. Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player, alarm clock, GPS, calculator, camera, flashlight, calendar and much more. ____38____
● Mobile technology leads to ever-present distraction
In many places, it’s a common sight to see just about everyone with a mobile phone within arm’s reach. In the first two ways listed above, that can be useful. ____39____ As mobile technologies have become more and more widespread in today’s society, research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects, the majority of which are related to mental health.
____40____ We should accept that mobile technologies are here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings. In my opinion, its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages.
A. We cannot ignore its disadvantages.
B. All in all, mobile devices greatly benefit our lives.
C. However, instant access is not always a good thing.
D. While these things do still exist, they are no longer absolutely essential.
E. Nowadays, you are blessed with more efficient options at your fingertips.
F. The conventional way of doing shopping has also changed beyond imagination.
G. Since then, advances in mobile technology have shaped our lives in various ways.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章从生活中几个常见的方面介绍了移动技术对我们生活的改变。告诉我们尽管移动技术存在缺陷，但它仍将继续存在，并使我们的生活变得更好。
【36题详解】
根据空格上句“The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology was incredible. (移动电话和移动技术的发明是不可思议的。)”和下句“Here we highlight the most common ones that technology is changing our lives today. (在这里我们重点介绍关于技术正在改变我们今天生活的最常见的例子。)”可知，本段内容主要讲述了移动技术改变了我们的生活。G项意为“从那时起，移动技术的进步以各种方式改变了我们的生活。”选项符合段落主旨，能够引起下文，选项中的“shaped our lives”和下文的“changing our lives”相呼应。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Mobile technology has changed how we communicate. (移动技术改变了我们的沟通方式。)”可知，本段讲述的是移动技术对沟通方式的改变。根据空格前句“In the past, writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate remotely with someone. (在过去，写信或找有线电话是与某人进行远程通信的最佳方式。)”可知，这里介绍的是过去的沟通方式。E项意为“如今，你的指尖有了更有效的选择。”选项中“Nowadays”和上文的“In the past”形成对照关系，能够引起下文对现在沟通方式的举例。故选E。
38题详解】
根据空格前句“Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player, alarm clock, GPS, calculator, camera, flashlight, calendar and much more. (现在只用一种设备就取代了便携式音乐播放器、闹钟、GPS、计算器、照相机、手电筒、日历等等。)”可知，由于移动技术的发展，现在的一种设备可以替代多种设备的功能。D项意为“虽然这些东西仍然存在，但它们不再是绝对必要的。”选项内容能够承接上文，这些东西已经被一种设备替代，所以不再是绝对必要的了，选项中的“these things”指代上文提到的“the portable (便携式的) music player, alarm clock, GPS, calculator, camera, flashlight, calendar and much more”。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据空格后句“As mobile technologies have become more and more widespread in today’s society, research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects, the majority of which are related to mental health. (随着移动技术在当今社会越来越普及，已经着眼于将日常大量使用移动设备与一些副作用联系起来的研究，其中大部分副作用与心理健康有关。)”可知，本段讲述的是移动设备所带来的副作用。C项意为“然而，即时访问并不总是一件好事。”能够引起下文提到的副作用。选项中“not always a good thing”与下文“a number of side effects”相呼应。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据空格后句“We should accept that mobile technologies are here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings. (我们应该接受这样一个事实：尽管移动技术存在缺陷，但它仍将继续存在，并使我们的生活变得更好。)”可知，文章认为，移动技术虽然有缺陷，但对我们生活是有利的。B项意为“总之，移动设备极大地造福于我们的生活。”符合文章要表达的观点。故选B。
第三部分
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
Anoushé Husain has packed more into her 35 years than most people manage in a lifetime. Born____41____her right arm below the elbow, Husain threw herself into____42____as a youngster. But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer, put an ____43____to that passion. “Surgery left me with moving____44____and strength issues,” she says. “I was sedentary (需要久坐的)for long. Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”
The moment____45____everything. “I needed much balance and skill to do the same moves as her,” says Husain. “But by concentrating on it, I ____46____ my illness. I was just a climber. That____47____ made me confident. So after moving to London from Luxembourg in 2015, I started ____48____ in Finsbury Park. I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London, which seemed ____49____.Climbing with able-bodied people, I sometimes felt_____50_____ as a young woman with cancer.”
Eventually, Husain entered a _____51_____. “I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says. “_____52_____, I met many other disabled climbers who said it was a_____53_____ that we only met up for events. So in 2017, I set up a_____54_____for disabled climbers.” Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions. “It _____55_____my life,” she says.
41. A. missing B. moving C. testing D. exercising
42. A. work B. sport C. nature D. performance
43 A. end B. order C. idea D. agreement
44. A. guarantee B. energy C. training D. difficulty
45. A. formed B. proved C. changed D. discovered
46. A. recorded B. forgot C. rewarded D. collected
47. A. request B. action C. feeling D. opportunity
48. A. studying B. living C. walking D. climbing
49. A. primitive B. interesting C. incredible D. meaningful
50. A. lonely B. attractive C. angry D. satisfied
51. A. debate B. routine C. process D. competition
52. A. Generally B. Unexpectedly C. Hopefully D. Unluckily
53. A. shame B. wonder C. surprise D. pleasure
54. A. company B. club C. comment D. country
55. A. came across B. depended on C. took up D. brought about
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Anoushé Husain天生残疾，但她凭着自己的努力，在攀岩上取得了巨大成就。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：侯赛因出生时缺少右臂肘部以下，但是年轻时她却投身于体育运动。A. missing错过，思念；B. moving移动；C. testing测试；D. exercising锻炼。根据下文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”可知，侯赛因是一位残疾人，由此可猜测，此处指的是天生“失去”右臂肘部以下。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：侯赛因出生时缺少右臂肘部以下，但是年轻时她却投身于体育运动。A. work工作；B. sport体育；C. nature自然；D. performance表现。根据下文中的“Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”可知，此处指的是她投身于体育运动之中。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但手部手术，以及随后两年与癌症的抗争，终结了这种激情。A. end结束；B. order命令；C. idea想法；D. agreement协议。根据上文中的“But hand surgery, then a two-year struggle with cancer”可知，手部手术以及与癌症抗争“结束”了她的激情，put an end to意为“结束”符合语境。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“手术给我带来了行动困难和力量问题，”她说。A. guarantee保证；B. energy能量；C. training培训；D. difficulty困难。根据“Surgery”可知，此处指的是手术造成的结果是行动“困难”。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻改变了一切。A. formed形成；B. proved证明；C. changed改变；D. discovered发现。根据上文中的“Then a friend told me to go rock climbing.”以及下文语境可知，此处指的朋友提议的那一刻，“改变”了她的一切。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但由于专注于它，我忘记了我的病。A. recorded记录；B. forgot忘记；C. rewarded奖励；D. collected收集。根据上文中的“But by concentrating on it”可知，由于专注而“忘记”自己的病痛。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉让我充满信心。A. request请求；B. action行动；C. feeling感受；D. opportunity机会。根据上文中的“I was just a climber.”可知，作为攀岩者的“感受”使得她增加信心。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以2015年从卢森堡搬到伦敦后，我开始在芬斯伯里公园攀岩。A. studying学习；B. living居住；C. walking散步；D. climbing攀爬。根据上文中的“I was just a climber.”可知，作为一名攀岩者，应该是开始“训练”。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦，我没有遇到其他残疾攀岩者，这似乎令人难以置信。”A. primitive原始的；B. interesting有趣的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”可知，侯赛因在训练时没有遇到其他的残疾攀岩者，这让她觉得有些不可思议。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名身患癌症的年轻女性，我有时会感到孤独。A. lonely孤独的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. angry愤怒的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”以及下文中的“as a young woman with cancer.”可知，作为一位年轻的女癌症患者与一些身体健康的人训练，这使得侯赛因有时觉得“孤独”。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，侯赛因参加了一场比赛。A. debate辩论；B. routine路线；C. process过程；D. competition比赛。根据下文中的““I got a coach and by 2016, I was ranked second in the UK, and later went to the IFSC Climbing World Cup,” she says.”可知，此处指的是她参加了一场“比赛”。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我遇到了许多其他残疾攀岩者，他们说我们只在活动中见面很遗憾。A. Generally一般地；B. Unexpectedly出乎意料的；C. Hopefully满怀希望的；D. Unluckily不幸地。根据上文中的“I didn’t meet any other disabled climbers in London”以及下文中的“I met many other disabled climbers”可知，从她没有遇到任何残疾攀岩者到现在遇到很多其他攀岩的残疾人者，这有些“出乎意料”。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料是，我遇到了许多其他残疾攀岩者，他们说我们只在活动中见面很遗憾。A. shame愧疚；B. wonder奇观；C. surprise惊讶；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文中的“that we only met up for events.”可知，残疾攀岩者认为他们只能在比赛时见面，应该是感觉很“遗憾”。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以在2017年，我为残疾攀岩者成立了一个俱乐部。A. company陪伴；B. club俱乐部；C. comment评论；D. country国家。根据上文中的“that we only met up for events.”以及下文中的“Within a week, she had over 50 members.”可知，此处指的是建立的“俱乐部”，现在俱乐部成员有50多人。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“它占据了我的生活，”她说。A. came across偶遇；B. depended on依赖；C. took up从事，占据；D. brought about带来。根据上文中的“Within a week, she had over 50 members. That first year, she ran over 40 sessions.”可知，建立俱乐部后，会员增多，活动增多，所以俱乐部“占据”了她的生活。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As people across the country watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou-14 spaceship, _____56_____ pen floating in the capsule (太空舱) _____57_____ (catch) the attention of many people.
The pen was produced by Shaoguan Shengyi Stationery Co., Ltd., which is a pioneer in making pens _____58_____ (use) in outer space.
The space pen is different _____59_____ a common pen. A common pen can neither withstand the influence and vibration (震动) experienced by the spaceship during rocket launch (发射) nor write _____60_____ (proper) in an environment of outer space. The pen _____61_____ (have) a head made of special materials to make it possible to write in outer space. The ink within the pen is also a special liquid with high viscosity (黏性), _____62_____ (make) writing stick to surfaces instead of flying off as dangerous drops. What’s more, the head _____63_____ is less sharp than the head of a normal pen can be safely used in the cabin.
A space pen developed by the company _____64_____ (send) into space aboard the Shenzhen-10 spacecraft in 2013, which made China the ______65______ (two) country in the world able to independently produce a pen that could be used in space.
【答案】56. a 57. caught
58. used 59. from
60. properly
61. has 62. making
63. which##that
64. was sent
65. second
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由韶关盛益文具有限公司生产的太空笔。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当全国人民观看中国神舟十四号飞船的发射时，漂浮在太空舱中的一支笔引起了许多人的注意。可数名词单数pen是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。 pen为辅音因素开头，故填a。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。根据前文watched可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填caught。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这支笔是由韶关盛益文具有限公司生产的，该公司是制造外太空用笔的先驱。此处为非谓语，动词use和名词pens之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：太空笔不同于普通的笔。be different from“和……不同”是固定搭配。故填from。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：一支普通的钢笔既不能承受火箭发射过程中宇宙飞船所经历的影响和振动，也不适合在外太空环境中书写。修饰动词write应用副词。故填properly。
【61题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种钢笔有一个由特殊材料制成的笔头，可以在外太空书写。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语The pen为单数，主谓一致，故填has。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：笔内的墨水也是一种特殊的高粘度液体，使书写粘在表面上，而不是像危险的水滴一样飞出去。此处为非谓语，动词make和主语之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：更重要的是，这种笔头不像普通笔头那样锋利，可以安全地在机舱内使用。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the head，指代事物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【64题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：该公司研发的太空笔于2013年随“深圳十号”飞船送入太空，这使中国成为世界上第二个能够独立生产太空用笔的国家。动词send和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in 2013可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语A space pen为单数，主谓一致，故填was sent。
【65题详解】
考查序数词。句意：同上。根据句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用其序数词作定语修饰名词country，表示“第二个国家”。故填second。
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，是学校英语协会的负责人。最近，你校准备邀请英国心理学专家Curry Smith就学习减压举行一个讲座，请你用英语出一则通知。
要点：
1.讲座地点、时间；
2.讲座专家、内容；
3.注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Notice
A lecture concerning relieving study pressure is scheduled to be held at the school auditorium from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm this Friday. A famous English psychologist named Curry Smith is going to deliver the lecture, in which he will help us analyse the causes of study pressure. Additionally, he intends to offer us some relaxing and interesting ways to reduce pressure. Definitely, every attendee is welcome to ask questions.
During the course of the lecture, being polite and active is a must. Also, it is crucial not to litter or make noise. You are bound to benefit a lot from it.
School English Society
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生针对学校准备邀请英国心理学专家Curry Smith就学习减压举行一个讲座写一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
著名的：famous→well-known
此外：additionally→in addition
重要的：crucial→important
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A lecture concerning relieving study pressure is scheduled to be held at the school auditorium from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm this Friday.
拓展句：A lecture which concerns relieving study pressure is scheduled to be held at the school auditorium from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm this Friday.
【点睛】【高分句型1】During the course of the lecture, being polite and active is a must.（运用了动名词作主语）
【高分句型2】A famous English psychologist named Curry Smith is going to deliver the lecture, in which he will help us analyse the causes of study pressure.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mom, where do you suppose they are ” my ten-year-old son Danny asked for the twentieth time as he stared out of the window at the range (牧场). “They” were our horses, Ginger, and her three-year-old son, Charcoal, both of whom had been missing for days.
Our range and woods offered plenty of grass for six horses. However, spring thunderstorms during the past ten days had forced the nearby river out of its banks. The other horses had come to the barn (畜棚) during the downpour, but not Ginger or Charcoal.
When the rain stopped, I took Spot, our dog, to do some first-hand searching. We went through trees and brush in wet lowlands near the river. All my calling and Spot’s smelling were in vain.
The next morning, the sun struggled to shine through gray clouds, but dampness filled the air. Suddenly, Danny shouted, “Mom, come quick! There’s Ginger!” The horse stood at the range gate crying impatiently and moving back and forth as if to say “Follow me”.
“Hurry, Danny,” I said, “get the pot with some oats (燕麦). I will bring a rope.” Ginger walked in front and we followed. “I see him! I see him!” Danny shouted. Charcoal was lying on his side, not moving. His right back leg was badly injured.
“Oh, Mom. How long do you think he’s been lying here with no food and nobody to care for him ” Tears formed in Danny’s blue eyes. “Probably several days, but we’ll never know. Ginger took care of him, though, protecting him from attacks from hungry wolves or other wild animals,” I said.
“What can we do now ” Danny asked anxiously. “There’s no way to drive a vehicle down here in all this mud.” “We just have to get him up and lead him out,” I said, keeping my voice confident. “Afterwards, we’ll have to call the vet (兽医) out.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With our encouragement and the attraction of oats, Charcoal struggled and managed to stand up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Upon arriving at the barn, Danny started creating a bed for Charcoal.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
With our encouragement and the attraction of oats, Charcoal struggled and managed to stand up. Though his eyes were dull with pain, he was brave enough to respond to our efforts. This was surely the force of life over death! Danny, with the pot, marched up the rocky slippery path through the woods, and I steadied injured Charcoal, encouraging him to follow. The hike which was ordinarily just 30 minutes now took over two hours. Charcoal could only hop with three legs for a few yards, and then rest, while we encouraged him to continue. Finally, our barn came into sight.
Paragraph 2:
Upon arriving at the barn, Danny started creating a bed for Charcoal. I hurried to phone the vet to come as soon as possible. After cleaning Charcoal’s wounds and medicating him, the vet told us, “His injury would heal, but you’ll need to treat the leg every day for several weeks, maybe longer.” He showed Danny exactly how to apply the medicine and cover the wounds. When I was watching my son carefully tend Charcoal, a thought just naturally came to mind: Bad things may happen somewhere, but love is everywhere, not only between humans, animals, but also between humans and animals.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事的发展为线索展开，讲述了作者家的两匹马Ginger和它的孩子Charcoal在一次大雨过后失踪了，作者与儿子四处寻找，第二天母马Ginger来到牧场寻求帮助，他们在一处灌木中找到了后腿受伤的Charcoal，于是作者与孩子想法救治这匹小马Charcoal。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在我们的鼓励和燕麦的吸引下，Charcoal挣扎着站了起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者和孩子救治Charcoal的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“一到谷仓，丹尼就开始为Charcoal做床。”以及原文尾句提到了给兽医打电话可知，第二段可描写兽医救治Charcoal以及作者对此次事件的感悟。
2.续写线索：Charcoal站起来——鼓励前行——到达谷仓——兽医医治Charcoal——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①对……作出回应：respond to/react to/in response to
②出现：came into sight/show up/turn up
③涂抹：apply/spread on
情绪类
①匆忙：hurried/rush/in a hurry
②小心：carefully/with care/with caution
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Though his eyes were dull with pain, he was brave enough to respond to our efforts.（运用了Though引导让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Danny, with the pot, marched up the rocky slippery path through the woods, and I steadied (扶稳) injured Charcoal, encouraging him to follow. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型3]. Bad things may happen somewhere, but love is everywhere, not only between humans, animals, but also between humans and animals.（运用了not only…but also…连接两个并列结构）

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