资源简介

Unit 1 Asia
一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.
1.It’s tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt. 爬这些台阶真累人，我的脚也磨疼了。
①★hurt 在此句中作不及物动词（vi.)：痛 (无被动语态)
★hurt 作及物动词(vt.)：伤害， 被动语态 be (badly) hurt
②tiring 令人疲惫的 （常修物）； tired 累的，疲惫的 （常修人）
2. take a rest = have a rest 休息一下
3. There is still a long way to go. 还有很长一段路要走。【动词不定式作后置定语】
4. had better keep moving 最好继续前进 【had better do sth.】
5. go on to do sth. 继续做某事 【继续做不同的事】
go on doing sth. = go on with sth. = continue doing sth. 继续做某事 【继续做相同的事】
6. wake me up on your way back 在你回来的路上把我叫醒
7. plan to travel around China 计划环游中国
8. Since you’re in Beijing now, why don’t you start from here
既然你现在在北京，为什么不从这里开始呢？
9.be wonderful places to go 是值得一去的好地方 【动词不定式作后置定语】
10. a kind of traditional Chinese art 一种传统的中国艺术
11. one of the most popular (traditional Chinese arts) 最受欢迎的（中国传统艺术）之一
12. Thank you for your suggestions. 感谢你的建议。
【thank you for (doing) sth. 感谢你（做）某事。】
二、Reading
1.In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum.【介句短语放句首引导倒装句】
在北京古城的中央是故宫。
2. the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties 明朝和清朝的帝王
3. be turned into a museum 被改造成博物馆。
4. It is well worth a visit/visiting. 它非常值得一游。
5.Next to the Palace Museum is Tian’anmen Square. 【介句短语放句首引导倒装句】
6. gather there early in the morning 一大早聚集在那里
7. ★watch the raising of the national flag 观看升国旗仪式。
【区分】(1)raise 是及物动词，后面必须有宾语。①募捐②饲养、抚养③提升; 举起
Eg: He raised his right hand. 他举起了右手。
(2)rise 是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。
Eg: The sun rises in the east.太阳在东方升起。
Prices are rising rapidly. 价格快速上涨。
8. In the north-west of Beijing is the Summer Palace. 【介句短语放句首引导倒装句】
在北京的西北部是颐和园。
9. a large Chinese garden set in a natural landscape(过去分词短语作后置定语)
= a large Chinese garden which is set in a natural landscape(定语从句)
一个位于/座落于自然风景中的中国式大园林
10. another famous attraction 另外一个有名的吸引人的地方（景点）
attract (vt.) 吸引 → attractive (adj.) 有吸引力的 → attraction(n.) 吸引人的地方
11.The Great Wall runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China.
长城在中国北部地区绵延 6000 多公里。
12. with watchtowers every few hundred metres 每隔数百米设有瞭望塔
13. one of the wonders of the world 世界奇迹之一
14. East or west, Guilin landscape is best. 桂林山水甲天下。
15. a beautiful city in southern China 中国南部的一个美丽城市
16. lie on both sides/ the two sides/ each(either) side of the Lijiang River 位于漓江两岸
★lie---- lay----- lain 躺，位于； lie ----lied ----lied 撒谎
【拓展】Jurong lies in the south of Jiangsu . = Jurong is located in the south of Jiangsu.
【lie = be located 位于，座落于】
17. mountains stand in different shapes 山峰以不同的形态矗立着
18. because of its fantastic landscape 因为它极好的地形
19.an underground cave with many rocks in unusual shapes 一个有众多造型奇特的岩石的地下溶洞
20. It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes(主语从句).
有如此众多造型奇特的岩石让人感到惊讶。
21.hang down/ point upwards 向下垂悬/向上伸展
①hang 的基本意思是：悬挂,可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。hang 用作及物动词时,接
名词或代词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时, 主动形式含有被动意义。hang 作悬挂含义时，过去式
和过去分词为 hung, hung。
Eg: Don't hang your clothes over this line. 别把你的衣服挂在这根绳子上。【作及物动词】
The picture was hung on wall by me. 那幅画被我挂在墙上了。【作及物动词】
The lamp hung over the table. 那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。【作不及物动词】
②hang 还可作吊死、绞死解(其过去式和过去分词为 hanged, hanged)。
22. be praised as “Art Palace of Nature”. 被(赞)誉为“自然艺术殿堂”【be praised as ...被誉为...】
23. take a boat trip along the Lijiang River 沿着漓江坐船旅游
24. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.
租一辆自行车在乡下骑行是很受欢迎的。
25. the ruler of a country 一个国家的统治者
26. fill you with surprise 让你充满惊讶
27. be open to the public as a museum 作为博物馆对公众开放
28. As an old saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”
正如俗话所说：“不到长城非好汉。”
29. in eastern China/in the east of China/ in the eastern part of China 在中国东部
30. in the south-east of the city 在这个城市的东南部
三、Grammar
【语法】A. it 作人称代词的用法。
1.指物
作为人称代词，it 可以指代动物或者无生命的事物。
(1) ----Where is the dog 狗在哪儿 ----It's in the bedroom. 它在卧室里。
(2) I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。
(3) It's hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。
2.指人
it 指人时主要用于指不清楚性别的小孩或不明身份的人。
(1)Is it a boy or a girl 是男孩还是女孩
(2)There is a knock on the door. Maybe it is the postman. 有人在敲门。可能是邮递员。
注意：在答语中, it 常用来指本人。
----Who's that 是谁 ------It's me. 是我。
3.代替某些代词
it 还可用于代替指示代词 his, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing 等。
(1)-What's this 这是什么 -It's a new machine.是一台新机器。
(2) Nothing is wrong, is it 没出什么问题，是吗
4.代替其它成分
it 还可用于代替一个行为、一种情形、或上文提到一个种想法等。
(1) Riding around the countryside is a popular in Guilin, isn’t it
(2) Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is great fun。
【语法】B. it 作非人称代词的用法。
1.基本用法
it 主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等。
(1)It's too late to go there now. 现在去那儿太迟了。 【指时间】
(2)It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。【指天气】
(3)It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 【指气温】
(4)It is two kilometres from my school to my home. 【指距离】
2.用于某些句型
It's time for sth. 该做某事了。
It's time to do sth. 到了做某事的时间了。
It's time for sb. to do sth.到了某人做某事的时间了。
It is + 被强调部分+ that/who... (强调句)
例句：It is my mother who always encourages me to be myself.一直鼓励我做自己的人是我妈妈。
【语法】C. it 用作形式主语，来代替真正的主语。
1.基本用法
当不定式、动词-ing 形式、从句等复杂成分作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主
语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语 it。
(1)It's very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。
(2)It's hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。
(3)It's unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。
2.用作形式主语的重要句型
(1)It +be+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事...的。
It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。
(2)It +be+形容词+of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是.....的. It was foolish of her to say such a thing.
她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
(3)It takes/took sb. +some time+ to do sth. 某人做某事花费....时间。
It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day .我每天花费半个小时的时间步行去学校。
【语法】D. it 用作形式宾语，来代替真正的宾语。
当不定式、动词-ing 形式、从句等复杂成分作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语
使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式/动词-ing
/从句”。
(1)I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这份工作很难。
(2)I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好待在这儿。
(3)Wearing red can make it easier for us to take action. 穿红色衣服能让我们采取行动更容易。
【语法】E. 重点短语和句型：
1. mainly include a hill and a lake 主要包括一座小山和一个湖
2.★ take up three quarters/ fourths of the area 占据了这个区域的四分之三
英语中分数的表示方法 :
用“基数词＋序数词”表示, 分数在英语中通常是借助于表达的。其中基数词表示分子， 序
数词表示分母。分子除用 one 外，也可用 a ；如果分子大于 1，分母要用复数形式。
如：
①one tenth/one-tenth 十分之一； one hundredth 百分之一 ； a third 三分之一
two thirds 三分之二；three fifths 五分之三
②1/2 不能说 a（one）second ，而要说 a（one）half。
③1/4 和 3/4 可以说 a（one）fourth 和 three fourths,但常用 a quarter 和 three quarters 表示。
④用 percent 等表示：表示百分之一可以说 one（a）hundredth，但更常用 one percent 或per cent，即用百分数表示法来表达。
例如：Seventy-five percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water．
地球表面的 75％被水覆盖着。
Eighty-five percent of the students in English department are girls．
英语系 85％的学生是女生。
3. be frozen 被冻住 【freeze----froze----frozen】
4. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. 湖上是一座十七孔桥。【介句短语放句首引导倒装句】
5. There are many stone lions on either side/ both sides/ the two sides of the bridge.
在桥的两边有许多的石狮子。
6. be all different from each other 每个都不一样
7. be well worth visiting/ a visit 很值得一游
8. leave Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning 一大清早离开北京去上海 【leave A for B】
9. ★ Many people find that it is pleasant/ fun to travel around the city.【it 在宾语从句中作形式主语】
=Many people find it pleasant/ fun to travel around the city. 【it 在简单中作形式宾语】
10.★ I think that it is easy difficult to work out the problem. 【it 在宾语从句中作形式主语】
= I think it easy difficult to work out the problem. 【it 在简单中作形式宾语】
11.It’s easy for people to get around. 对人们来说出行很容易。 【get around 到处旅行; 四处游历】
12. I don’t think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.我认为污染没有我想象的那么严重。
13. provide a high level of service 提供高水平的服务
四、Integrated skills
1. leave Japan for another Asian country 离开日本去另外一个亚洲国家 【leave A for B】
2. an ancient city of culture called Kyoto 被称为京都的一座文化古城
3. take a tour of Tokyo 去东京旅游 = go on a trip to Tokyo = travel to Tokyo
4. during our stay in Japan/ while we were staying in Japan 在我们待在日本期间【此句 stay 作名词】
5. in South East Asia 在东南亚
6. a city state 一个城市国家
五、Study skills
A. Understanding body language 理解身体语
B.重点短语和句型：
1. I did something wrong. 我做了错事
六、Task
1.write an introduction to India 写一个印度的介绍
2.lie in South Asia 位于南亚
3.over one billion 超过十亿 = more than one billion
【归纳】hundred 百；thousand 千； million 百万； billion 十亿
4. English is spoken as a second language in India. 英语在印度作为第二语言来说。
5. India has the second largest population in the world. 印度是世界上第二大人口大国。
★①population 人口（数量）：只能用大小来描述，不能用多少来描述，同 number.
Eg: The population of China is larger/bigger than that of India.
★②询问人口数量：----What’s the population of China ---It’s about 1.4 billion.
6. have a large iron and steel industry 拥有巨大的钢铁产业
7. be famous for its IT industry 因它的信息技术产业而闻名
8.A festival is celebrated in some part of the country every day of the year.
一年中的每一天在这个国家的某一个地区总有一个节日被庆祝。
【此句中 some 意为：某一个，后接单数名词，与其对应的词：any 在肯定句中译为：任何一个】
9.The Taj Mahal is well worth a visit/ visiting. 泰姬陵非常值得一游。
Unit 1 Asia
一、单项选择
1. —Sandy, did you have ________ nice weekend
—Yes. And I watched another interesting film from ________ UK with my cousin.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——桑迪，你周末过得愉快吗？——是的。我和表弟一起看了另一部来自英国的有趣电影。
考查冠词。空格一处泛指“一个愉快的周末”，nice以辅音因素开头，用不定冠词a，排除BC；UK前要加定冠词，the UK“英国”。故选A。
2. When spring comes many bees and butterflies play among flowers ________ warm and sunny days.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：春天来了，在温暖、阳光明媚的日子里，许多蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏。
考查时间介词。in后接年、月等；at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；to朝。根据“warm and sunny days”可知指具体的温暖、阳光明媚的日子，用on。故选C。
3. Friends should show their love to each other in time of trouble, ________ not in happiness.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
【答案】D
【详解】句意：朋友应该在患难时互相示爱，而不是在幸福时。
考查连词辨析。and和；so因此；or否则；but但是。根据“Friends should show their love to each other in time of trouble”可知要在有困难时表示爱，而不是在幸福时，用but表转折关系。故选D。
4. As a teacher, I can’t teach the students ________, I can only help them learn how to think.
A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something
【答案】A
【详解】句意：作为一名老师，我不能教给学生一切，我只能帮助他们学会如何思考。
考查不定代词。everything一切；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么；something某事，某物。根据“I can only help them learn how to think”可知，老师只能帮学生们学会如何思考，而不能教给他们一切，用everything。故选A。
5. —________ I park my car here
—I’m afraid you ________. Look at the sign “No Parking”!
A. Need; couldn’t B. May; can’t C. Can; needn’t D. Could; couldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我可以把我的车停在这里吗？——恐怕不能。看“禁止停车”的标志！
考查情态动词。need需要；couldn’t不能；may可以；can’t不能；can可以；needn’t不必。根据“I park my car here”可知此处是征求意见，可用may/can/could，排除A，其否定回答用can’t表示“不能”。故选B。
6. When I walk with 2 other men, I can find teachers in them and learn from their good ________.
A. reviews B. qualities C. standards D. features
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当我和另外两个男人一起散步时，我能在他们身上学到东西，从他们身上学习优秀的品质。
考查名词辨析。reviews检查；qualities品质；standards标准；features特点。根据“When I walk with 2 other men, I can find teachers in them and learn from their good...”可知，可以从他们身上学到好的品质，故选B。
7. —Millie, who is the girl standing in the middle of the picture
—Can’t you see it’s me The picture ________ nearly 10 years ago.
A. took B. takes C. was taken D. has been taken
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——米莉，站在照片中间的那个女孩是谁？——你看不出来是我吗？这张照片拍摄于近10年前。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语The picture是动作take的承受者，结合“10 years ago”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
8. —Hello! May I speak to Miss Zhang
—Sorry. She ________ Shanghai to act as a volunteer for nearly 20 days.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has returned to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你好！我可以和张小姐讲话吗？——对不起。她去上海做志愿者已经近20天了。
考查时态。has gone to去了某地还未回来；has been to去过某地已经回来；has been in一直待在某地；has returned to已经回到了某地。根据“for nearly 20 days”可知是一直待在上海，用has been in。故选C。
9. World Reading Day is now celebrated ________ the people’s activeness of reading.
A. improving B. improved C. improve D. to improve
【答案】D
【详解】句意：现在庆祝世界阅读日是为了提高人们的阅读积极性。
考查非谓语动词。根据“World Reading Day is now celebrated”可知庆祝世界读书日目的是提高人们的阅读积极性，用动词不定式to improve作目的状语。故选D。
10. Eileen Gu was highly praised because she won ________ medals among all the Chinese athletes at the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. many B. more C. the most D. the fewest
【答案】C
【详解】句意：谷爱凌受到了高度赞扬，因为在北京冬奥运会上，她在所有中国运动员中赢得的奖牌最多。
考查形容词最高级。many许多；more更多的；the most最多的；the fewest最少的。根据“among all the Chinese athletes”可知，三者以上比较要用最高级，排除A和B选项。根据“Eileen Gu was highly praised”可知，受到高度赞扬是因为得到的奖牌最多，故选C。
11. ________ great fun Wang Yaping had “catching” a star for her daughter!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】C
【详解】句意：王亚平为女儿“追星”是多么有趣啊！
考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是不可数名词fun，用“What+adj+不可数名词+主谓！”句型表示，故选C。
12. The war between Russia and Ukraine ________ last month. I hope it will come to an end soon.
A. broke out B. came out C. put out D. found out
【答案】A
【详解】句意：俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争上个月爆发。我希望它能快点结束。
考查动词短语。broke out爆发；came out出版；put out扑灭；found out查明。根据“The war between Russia and Ukraine”可知此处指战争爆发。故选A。
13. —Do you think students in Suzhou will return to school soon if the government can ________ the spread of Omicron.
—Yes. Everyone is expecting the day.
A. complete B. continue C. control D. confirm
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——如果政府能控制住“奥密克戎”的传播，苏州的学生们就能早日重返校园。——是的。每个人都在期待这一天的到来。
考查动词辨析。complete完成；continue继续；control控制；confirm确认。根据“if the government can...the spread of Omicron”可知，是控制病毒的传播，故选C。
14. —Janie, I wonder ________ after working in space for six months.
—They returned to the earth successfully on April 16th.
A. what did the astronauts have for meals B. when the astronauts got back
C. how did the astronauts feel about the trip D. where the astronauts landed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——珍妮，我想知道宇航员在太空工作六个月后什么时候回来的。——他们于4月16日成功返回地球。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A和C；根据“They returned to the earth successfully on April 16h”可知，上文应对时间进行询问，用when引导宾语从句。故选B。
15. —It’s said that the third aircraft carrier of China will be in service on the sea soon.
—________. That will make the Chinese Navy stronger and stronger.
A. That’s not the case B. I’m afraid not C. I can’t agree more D. I can’t wait to see it
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——据说，中国第三艘航母即将出海服役。——我迫不及待地想看到它。这将使中国海军越来越强大。
考查情景交际。That’s not the case事实并非如此；I’m afraid not恐怕不是；I can’t agree more我非常同意；I can’t wait to see it我迫不及待地想看到它。根据“the third aircraft carrier of China will be in service on the sea soon”可知此处要对这个好消息表示激动的心情，选项D符合语境。故选D。
二、完形填空
There are no physical reasons to start smoking. The body doesn’t need tobacco（烟草）the way it needs food, water, sleep, and ____16____. In fact, many of the chemicals in cigarettes are actually poisons that can kill.
Over the long term, smoking leads people to ____17____ health problems like cancer, organ（器官）damage, and heart disease. These diseases make people less ____18____. Each time a smoker lights up, that ____19____ cigarette will take about 5 to 20 minutes off the person’s life.
Smokers not only develop wrinkles and yellow teeth, they also ____20____ bone density（骨密度）, which increases their risk of osteoporosis and causes people’s bones to break more easily. ____21____, smokers also get less active than nonsmokers because smoking affects lung power.
Long-term health problems aren’t the only ____22____ of smoking. Smokers experience many of these following problems:
Bad skin. Smoking can prevent ____23____ and nutrients（营养）from getting to the skin. That is why smokers often appear pale and ____24____.
Bad breath. Cigarettes will leave smokers with a bad breath, which may cause ____25____ lung capacity（肺活量）.
Bad-smelling clothes and hair. The smell of smoke would ____26____ not just on people’s clothing, but on their hair, furniture, and cars. And it’s often hard to get the smell of smoke out.
Reduced sports performance. People who smoke usually can’t compete with nonsmokers of the same ____27____ because smoking affects sports performance.
Greater risk of injury（受伤）and slower healing time. Studies show that smoking influences the body’s ability to ____28____ collagen（胶原质）. As a result, common sports injuries will usually get well more ____29____ in smokers than nonsmokers.
Increased risk of getting sick. Smokers get more ____30____ than nonsmokers. And people with certain health conditions become more sick if they smoke.
16. A. activity B. exercise C. feeling D. thought
17. A. develop B. discover C. solve D. stop
18. A. friendly B. confident C. organized D. active
19. A. expensive B. single C. delicious D. healthy
20. A. improve B. change C. lose D. treat
21. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. However D. Then
22. A. excuse B. advantage C. result D. purpose
23. A. oxygen B. food C. light D. dust
24. A. unhappy B. unlucky C. unhealthy D. uncomfortable
25. A. lower B. slower C. stronger D. faster
26. A. live B. fly C. appear D. remain
27. A. weight B. area C. age D. experience
28. A. recycle B. produce C. collect D. prepare
29. A. slowly B. successfully C. easily D. closely
30. A. rest B. joy C. energy D. illness
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了吸烟的一些坏处。
【16题详解】
句意：身体不像需要食物、水、睡眠和锻炼那样需要烟草。
activity活动；exercise锻炼；feeling感觉；thought想法。根据“The body doesn’t need tobacco（烟草）the way it needs food, water, sleep, and...”可知，人体需要食物、水、睡眠和锻炼，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：长期来看，吸烟会导致人们患上癌症、器官损伤和心脏病等健康问题。
develop发展，患病；discover发现；solve解决；stop停止。根据“Over the long term, smoking leads people to... health problems”可知，吸烟会导致人们患上一些疾病，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：这些疾病使人们不那么活跃。
friendly友好的；confident自信的；organized有条理的；active活跃的。根据“These diseases make people less...”可知，疾病使人变得不活跃，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：吸烟者每次点烟时，每吸一根烟就会使人的寿命减少5到20分钟。
expensive昂贵的；single单个的；delicious美味的；healthy健康的。根据“that...cigarette will take about 5 to 20 minutes off the person’s life”可知，每吸一根烟就会减少5到20分钟的寿命，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：吸烟者不仅会出现皱纹和牙齿发黄，还会失去骨密度，这增加了他们患骨质疏松症的风险，导致人们的骨头更容易折断。
improve改善，提升；change改变；lose丢失，降低；treat对待。根据“Smokers not only develop wrinkles and yellow teeth, they also...bone density”可知，吸烟会降低骨密度，故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：此外，吸烟者比不吸烟者运动得少，因为吸烟会影响肺活量。
Otherwise否则；Moreover此外；However然而；Then然后。根据“...smokers also get less active than nonsmokers because smoking affects lung power.”可知，除了上述问题，还会影响肺活量，故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：长期的健康问题并不是吸烟的唯一结果。
excuse借口；advantage优势；result结果；purpose目的。根据“Long-term health problems aren’t the only...of smoking. Smokers experience many of these following problems”可知，长期的健康问题并不是吸烟的唯一结果，还有下文提到的问题，故选C。
23题详解】
句意：吸烟会阻止氧气和营养物质进入皮肤。
oxygen氧气；food食物；light光线；dust灰尘。根据“Smoking can prevent...and nutrients from getting to the skin.”并结合常识可知，吸烟影响氧气进入皮肤，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：这就是为什么吸烟者看起来脸色苍白，不健康。
unhappy不开心的；unlucky不幸的；unhealthy不健康的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根据“That is why smokers often appear pale and...”可知，吸烟者看起来不健康，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：香烟会让吸烟者有口臭，这可能会导致肺活量下降。
lower更低的；slower更慢的；stronger更强壮的；faster更快的。根据“Cigarettes will leave smokers with a bad breath, which may cause...lung capacity”可知，吸烟者肺活量更低，故选A。
【26题详解】
句意：烟味不仅会留在人们的衣服上，还会留在他们的头发、家具和汽车上。
live居住；fly飞；appear出现；remain维持，停留。根据“The smell of smoke would...not just on people’s clothing, but on their hair, furniture, and cars.”可知，烟味会留在各处，故选D。
【27题详解】
句意：吸烟的人通常不能与同龄的不吸烟的人竞争，因为吸烟会影响运动成绩。
weight重量；area地区；age年龄；experience经验。根据“People who smoke usually can’t compete with nonsmokers of the same...because smoking affects sports performance.”可知，同龄的吸烟者和不吸烟者，运动能力也有差异，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：研究表明，吸烟会影响身体产生胶原蛋白的能力。
recycle回收；produce产生；collect收集；prepare准备。根据“Greater risk of injury（受伤）and slower healing time. Studies show that smoking influences the body’s ability to...collagen”可知，吸烟会影响身体产生胶原蛋白的能力，从而增加受伤风险，故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：因此，普通的运动损伤在吸烟者身上通常比不吸烟者恢复得更慢。
slowly缓慢地；successfully成功地；easily容易地；closely亲密地。根据“common sports injuries will usually get well more...in smokers than nonsmokers”可知，吸烟者的自愈能力更弱，恢复得更慢，故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：吸烟者比不吸烟者更容易生病。
rest休息；joy乐趣；energy能量；illness疾病。根据“Increased risk of getting sick. Smokers get more...than nonsmokers.”可知，吸烟者更容易生病，故选D。
三、阅读理解
A
As an ancient country with a history of more than 5000 years, China has had hundreds of traditional musical instruments, which interest the Western people too much. Here’re four to enjoy!
Erhu is a Chinese folk instrument. It is sometimes known as the “Chinese violin” because it sounds like a violin. The Moon Over a Fountain is one of the most famous pieces of erhu music created by a man who lost sight, based on a love story between a girl and himself.
It’s amazing that in ancient times, guzheng was used to hit the enemies. Later, it was used as a kind of instrument. At first, it had 12 strings（弦）, and then a 13-string guzheng was developed. Now it usually has 21 strings.
Xun is one of the oldest Chinese instruments. It comes in different shapes. The most common one is egg-shaped. Each shape produces a different sound. It can be made of stone, jade（玉）and clay（陶土）.
The horse-head fiddle is the traditional musical instrument of the Mongolian ethnic group（蒙古族）. There are two strings on the horse-head fiddle. It has been played for centuries. Once a boy had a little white horse. Unluckily, it was killed by a bad guy. The boy made a musical instrument out of its body and carried it all the time.
31. How many strings did guzheng have when it was first invented
A. Four. B. Twelve. C. Thirteen. D. Twenty-one.
32. Which of the following are mentioned about the instrument Xun
①the inventor ②the shape ③the material ④the design
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ③④
33. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Erhu is a Chinese instrument which is the same as violin.
B. Guzheng was once used to make friends in ancient times.
C. Xuns of different shapes may produce different sounds.
D. The horse-head fiddle was invented because of a love story.
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统乐器。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At first, it had 12 strings（弦）, and then a 13-string guzheng was developed.”可知，起初有12根弦，故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It comes in different shapes.”和“It can be made of stone, jade（玉）and clay（陶土）.”可知，提及了形状和材质，故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Each shape produces a different sound.”可知，不同形状的埙发出不同的声音，故选C。
B
Jessica Long, a 29-year-old American swimmer, won four medals at the Tokyo Paralympic Games (残奥会). For years, the Games have given her the chance to compete at the highest level, and something to look forward to every four years. “Since 12, when I won my first gold in Athens, I’ve had a wish to let more people know what the Paralympic Games are.” says Jessica, who lost her lower legs when she was a baby due to illness.
Participation in the Paralympics is at an all-time high at the Tokyo games. But they are relatively new to most people.
As early as 1888, some deaf athletes created their own sports clubs in Berlin, Germany. But the idea of competitions for disabled athletes didn’t spread widely until World War II, when it became a way to help the injured. Ludwig Guttmann, a doctor in Great Britain, was the leader of the movement. He believed that participating in sports would be a good form of mental and physical recovery (康复).
In 1948, on the same day as the opening ceremonies for the Olympic Games in London, Guttmann organized the first contest for disabled athletes, which he named the International Wheelchair Games. Sixteen people in wheelchairs competed in archery (射箭) during the games. Then the games became an annual event. And in 1952, the Netherlands sent a team, making the competition international.
In 1960, the games officially became the Paralympic Games. That year, more than 400 athletes with disabilities from 23 countries got together at the Olympic Stadium in Rome. They competed in archery, basketball, swimming and other events. Since then, the Paralympics have been held at once after the Olympics in the same host city. For people like Jessica, the Games are a gift. “I don’t know where life is going to take me,” Jessica says, “but the Paralympics have given me this wild, amazing journey.”
34. The writer introduces the topic by ________.
A. giving an example B. listing some numbers
C. using a famous saying D. making a comparison
35. What is Jessica Long’s long-time hope according to the passage
A. To win more medals at the Paralympics.
B. To make the Paralympics known to the public.
C. To get all the disabled take part in the Paralympics.
D. To pay more attention to athletes at the Paralympics.
36. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A Jessica’s legs. B. Deaf athletes. C. The Olympics. D. The Paralympics.
37. What does the author mainly try to tell us in the last paragraph
A. Jessica is going on a nice journey in Japan.
B. Life is really hard for all the disabled people.
C. Athletes will get some gifts in the Paralympics.
D. The Paralympics mean a lot to disabled athletes.
【答案】34. A 35. B 36. D 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文以游泳运动员Jessica Long为例，引出并介绍了残奥会的发展历程。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中对Jessica Long的描述，可推出此处以她为例引出本文的话题。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Since 12, when I won my first gold in Athens, I’ve had a wish to let more people know what the Paralympic Games are.”可知Jessica Long长期以来的希望是让公众了解残奥会。故选B。
【36题详解】
代词指代题。根据“Participation in the Paralympics is at an all-time high at the Tokyo games. But they are relatively new to most people.”可知虽然东京残奥会的参与率很高，但残奥会对大多数来说是很新奇的，they指代残奥会。故选D。
【37题详解】
段落大意题。根据“For people like Jessica, the Games are a gift.”及全段内容可知，最后一段作者主要试图告诉我们残奥会对残疾运动员来说意义重大。故选D。
C
Peer pressure（同伴压力）is the direct influence on people by those of the same age, or when someone is encouraged to follow the peers by changing his own thoughts, values or behaviors to be accepted by the influencing person or group. Peer pressure can be seen throughout the society and most people would have been influenced. In some ways, it has positive（积极的）effects on us and produces good results. However, peer pressure can also bring some negative（消极的）influence on one’s life. For example, when someone dislikes a special idea, habit or lifestyle, his peers may force him to do something against his will. Nowadays, peer pressure has caused many teenagers to form some bad habits, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and even taking drugs. These habits may lead to life-long problems. It is commonly believed that teenagers are easier to be changed by negative peer pressure, because they just wish to be accepted or popular in a group.
When following others, some teenagers may lose their own identity（身份）. In order to follow the lifestyle of others, these teens no longer have the ability to develop their own identity and are forced to behave like sheep in a group. As a result, they will develop a low self-respect and can’t form their own personality.
In spite of the fact that peer pressure can be harmful, it can also produce some advantages, as it often encourages teens to learn something good from others. Some youths are not so active and need a push in the right direction. In times like these, they would thank the friends who help them do the right things. For example, students can join a study group before exams. It will make them feel less stressed and they can also receive good feedback from others.
Positive peer pressure can also help one to think about one’s actions. For example, when a hockey player realizes that his team players are practising hard to become better players, he will also devote his time to improving his performance in order to become a more valuable player like others.
Peer pressure has both negative and positive effects. One should choose his friends wisely and stay with people who help him grow healthily. He may often be encouraged to pick up healthy habits that would bring about good changes in life. All in all, positive peer pressure has the power to change a person completely and can actually drive him to reach for the stars.
38. Sometimes, teenagers change their own ideas or lifestyles so that they can________.
A. become more valuable hockey players than others
B. reduce the harm of peer pressure on them easily
C. be accepted by others or popular in their groups
D. find their own identity and be more influential
39. According to the passage, which may be good for the growth of teenagers
A. Smoking and taking drugs. B. Behaving like sheep in a group.
C. Choosing friends wisely. D. Refusing feedback from others.
40. If a student joins a study group, team members may________.
A. practise playing hockey with him B. encourage him to be more active
C. help him to develop his own identity D. force him to change his thoughts or behaviors
41. The whole passage mainly wants to tell us that________.
A. peer pressure can be seen everywhere B. a wise friend will help us to grow healthily
C. peer pressure has both good and bad influence D. one should not change his own identity easily
【答案】38. C 39. C 40. B 41. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍同伴压力的利弊。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It is commonly believed that teenagers are easier to be changed by negative peer pressure, because they just wish to be accepted or popular in a group.”可知，青少年更容易被负面的同龄人压力所改变，因为他们只是希望在一个群体中被接受或受欢迎。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Some youths are not so active and need a push in the right direction. In times like these, they would thank the friends who help them do the right things.”可知，一些年轻人不那么活跃，需要有人把他们推向正确的方向，在这种时候，他们会感谢帮助他们做正确事情的朋友。所以明智的选择朋友可能有利于青少年的成长，故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“For example, students can join a study group before exams. It will make them feel less stressed and they can also receive good feedback from others.”可知，学生可以在考试前加入一个学习小组，这将使他们感到更少的压力，他们也可以从别人那里得到良好的反馈。故选B。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍同伴压力的利弊，故选C。
D
My name is Sarah. I had a friend called Helen who was 83 years old. I met her when I was doing some voluntary work in the nursing home. Helen said to me, “The number of old people in Western countries is increasing. However, many people are busy working and they have little time caring for their elderly parents. Many elderly people just like me are sent to live in nursing homes as their family do not have the time or ability to look after them. How isolated they are!”
Before going to the nursing home, I had just finished my A-levels of GCSE. At that time, I was not sure what I wanted to study at university, so I decided to do something else for a year instead of going to university this September.
The nursing home was just near where I lived. I went there from Monday to Friday, I started at 9:00 a.m. and finished at 4:00 p.m. I really enjoyed my voluntary work. I often chatted with these elderly people and this made them feel happy. And they had so much knowledge and experience to share with me.
There I really learned a lot from them. And I got along well with them, especially Helen. She was lovely and she had ever been a good history teacher. She missed her husband and talked about him a lot. He died six months ago and she felt lonely without him. He was a pilot in the air force in World War Ⅱ. She told me how difficult it was during the war when they had food rationing (配给). There was no chocolate! And no bananas!
Sometimes Helen reminded me of my grandmother. I also talked about my grandmother with her. My grandmother died six months ago and I missed her. She was my best friend. She helped and encouraged me. I nearly gave up studying when I was 16 because I did not get good GCSE grades, but she persuaded (劝服) me to get GCSEs again. She was so pleased when I passed my A-levels.
Helen couldn’t believe how the world had changed during her life. I told her I taught my grandmother to use the Internet and that she loved shopping on the Internet. “If you like, I will teach you how to use the Internet.” I told Helen. She said to me, “I will learn to use the Internet. And I like online shopping very much.”
Old people need our love and care, sometimes, you just need to sit quietly to be a listener. It doesn’t cost anything at all, but it’s the most precious (珍贵的) thing in the world.
42. What did Sarah want to do after finishing her A-levels
A. To go to university this September. B. To make money for her university.
C. To work as a volunteer in a nursing home. D. To teach the elderly how to use the Internet.
43. What does the underlined word “isolated” in the first paragraph mean
A. Pleased. B. Lonely. C. Angry. D. Excited.
44. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. The number of old people is getting larger and larger in the West.
B. Helen and her husband had no food problems in World War Ⅱ.
C. Sarah worked for forty-nine hours a week in the nursing home.
D. Neither Sarah’s grandmother nor Helen liked online shopping.
45. What did Sarah mainly get from her experience in the nursing home
A. The young need to learn from the elderly. B. Doing voluntary work is difficult to her.
C. The elderly people need to be cared about. D. We should learn how to use the Internet.
【答案】42 C 43. B 44. A 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了Sarah在养老院作志愿者的经历。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Before going to the nursing home, I had just finished my A-levels of GCSE. At that time, I was not sure what I wanted to study at university, so I decided to do something else for a year instead of going to university this September.”可知在完成A-levels课程后，Sarah想在养老院做志愿者。故选C。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Many elderly people just like me are sent to live in nursing homes as their family do not have the time or ability to look after them.”可知老人因家人没时间或能力照顾他们而被送到养老院，他们应该是很孤独，isolated意为“孤独的”。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The number of old people in Western countries is increasing.”可知在西方，老年人的数量越来越多，A项正确。故选A。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Old people need our love and care, sometimes, you just need to sit quietly to be a listener.”可知Sarah从养老院的经历中学到：老年人需要照顾。故选C。

展开更多......

收起↑