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人教版中考一轮复习八年级上册9-10单元知识汇总与练习
短语
make an effort 作出努力
make one’s own decision 自己做决定
make one’s way 前往；费力地前进
make up 编造（故事、谎言等）；组成
make a difference（to…）（对……）有影响；有作用
mix up 混合
pass by 路过；经过
pay back 还钱
pay for 付费；付出代价
pay attention to 注意；关注
pick up 拾起；接人；接电话；收听（节目）
pick out 挑选
prepare for 为……做准备
put down 放下；写下
put sth.to good use 好好利用某物
put up 张贴；举起；搭起
put out 扑灭
put off 推迟
put…into 放进……里
put away 收起来放好
put aside 放到一边
put back 放回
put on 穿上（衣服等）；增加（体重）；发胖；（戏剧）上演
run after 追逐；追赶
run away 跑开
run out（of） 用尽；耗尽
search for 搜索；搜查
sell out 卖光
send out 发出；放出；射出
send for 派人去请
separate from 分离；隔开
set up 建起；设立
set out 出发；启程
show up 出席;露面
shut off 关闭；停止运转
语法
1）可数名词和不可数名词
（一）规则变化
1.一般情况在词尾加-s。
2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的，在词尾加-es
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变“y”为“i”，加es。
4.以f或fe结尾的，变f/fe为v，加es。
5.我们初中阶段学过以“o”结尾的名词复数，多数是直接加“s”。
（二）不规则变化
1.有些名词的单数变复数不规则。 foot-feet, tooth-teeth, man-men, woman-women, mouse-mice
2.有些复合名词变复数时，只将复合名词的主体词变为复数。student-teacher-student-teachers实习老师
3.由man和woman构成的复合名词，两者都要变成复数。man teacher-men teachers男教师， woman doctor-women doctors女医生。
2）情态动词can表示邀请
当用情态动词can发出邀请时，其回答分为两类。一类表示接受邀请，另一类表示拒绝邀请。
（1）常见的表示接受邀请的回答：
Sure, I’d love /like to.当然，我很乐意。
Yes, I’d love to.是的，我很乐意。
（2）常见的表示拒绝邀请的回答：
Sorry. I’m not available/I’m busy.对不起，我没有空/我很忙。
3）if引导的条件状语从句
if引导的条件状语从句与主句时态的一致性。
在复合句中，从句的动词时态在一定程度上收到主句中动词时态的制约，英语语法中成为时态呼应。
（1）在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时态，从句则用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
（2）如果主句含有must，may，can等情态动词，从句也要用一般现在时。
（3）如果主句是祈使句，从句同样要用一般现在时。
【注意】
要注意区别if引导的条件状语从句和if引导的宾语从句：
（1）从形式上区别：条件状语从句中，主句和从句可以调换位置，前后均可；而宾语从句中if引导的从句只能放在后面。
（2）从意义上区别。在条件状语从句中，if意为“如果”；而在宾语从句中，if意为“是否”。
从时态上区别。在条件状语从句中，if引导的句子用一般现在时代替将来时；而在宾语从句中，if引导的句子时态具有多样性。
练习
一、单项选择
1 .We should take the rest of the food home ________ we can’t finish what we order.
A．if B．so C．unless D．until
2 .—Mike, ________ play football in the street next time. It’s dangerous.
—OK, I won’t do that again, mom.
A．mustn’t B．must C．don’t D．do
3 .—Can I help you
—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing.
a few informations B．a little informations
C．a little information D．a few information
4 .Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.
A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheep
5 .Listen up, guys! Everyone ________ wear a mask. Go and buy one if you don’t have one.
A．can’t B．can C．mustn’t D．must
6．Don't ________ in the street after school. It's better to do some reading at home.
A．help out B．hang out C．wake up D．stay up
7．— ________
— It's May 1st.
A．What's the date today B．When is today
C．How's today D．How's the weather today
8．Linda is ________ this weekend. I think she can go shopping with you.
A．busy B．happy C．available D．sad
9．— Will Bob help me look after my pet dog when I'm away
— Of course. He won't ________ your request. He loves animals a lot.
A．put down B．write down C．turn down D．take down
10．I asked Mary why she did that thing, but she did not ________.
A．accept B．shout C．appear D．reply
二、阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
It took me about 2 months __1__(plan)my daughter's birthday party. She was three years old. I got many __2_(idea)from the Internet that I thought I could use for the party. I had sleepless nights because I wanted this to be the __3__(good)birthday party. I __4_(look)for a place to have our party. Luckily，I found Monte Verde Park. It is __5__ very beautiful park. After booking(预订)it, we started to buy gifts for __6 the kids. We went to LA for good prices. I had 40 gifts in my room for a month and I wanted to give them all away. I bought two beautiful skirts for my __7__.I also bought red cards at Tall Mouse. I then sent them to my daughter's friends. I __8__(invite)them to my daughter's third birthday party _9__ September 25 at 6：30 pm at Monte Verde Park. They could eat the birthday cake and ___10___(have)a good time.
三、根据汉语完成句子
1．你会感到无聊吗？如果你一遍遍地做这简单的工作。
Will you feel bored if you do the simple job_____ _____ _____ _____
2．我在寻找丢失的钥匙时跌倒了。
I_____ ______when I was _____ _____ the lost key.
3．在将来，人们将会活到200岁。
People _____ _____ _____ ____two hundred years old in the future.
4．将来的世界会是什么样子的？
______ _____the future world_____ ______
5．一百年后人们将不再使用钱，因为一切将会免费。
People won’t use money in 100 years because____ ____ ____ ____.
他是班里最细心的学生之一。
He is one of ________ _________ __________ _________ in his class.
这个问题太难，我回答不上来。
This question is too difficult ______ me ______ answer.
你还想要什么？
____ _____ do you want
9.最后，他在床底下找到了他的英语书。
________ ________ ________， he found his English book under the bed.
剥掉洋葱皮, 然后把它切成两半。
Peel the onion and then __________ it __________.
四、句型转换
1.Can you come to my party on Saturday （作肯定回答）
Sure, __________ __________ to.
2.I won't go out with you because I'm not available.（改为同义句）
I won't go out with you because I ________ ________ time.
3.Can you come to my party？(用have the flu作答) ___________________________________________.
4.Tom received a letter from his pen friend.（改为同义句）
Tom _________ _________ his pen friend.
Michael will take care of our dog when we are away on holiday next week.(改为同义句）
Michael will ______ ______ our dog when we are away on holiday next week.

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