资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Developing ideas
—Reading comprehension
Back to Nature
Unit 5　Learning from nature
By the end of this period, students will be able to:
1.summarize the main idea of the passage and talk about the differences between Tao and Thoreau;
2.describe the features of their poems by using the words and phrases;
3.have a positive attitude about nature and live simply.
CONTENTS
Pre-reading
I
While-reading
II
Post-reading
III
Sentences analysis
IV
Pre-reading
Do you know them
Different ages, 1500 years apart.
When they come across,
what would happen
Henry David Thoreau
(1817-1862)
Tao Yuanming
(365-427)
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,
and chicken sit atop the mulberry tree.
Breathe the air, drink the drink,taste the fruit and resign yourself to the influences of each.
While picking asters neath the Eastern fence,
my gaze upon the Southern mountain rests.
狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。
呼吸新鲜空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切。
Thoreau
Tao Yuanming
Read and enjoy their famous lines.
Read the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what else you know about them with the class.
Read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt from nature.
While-reading
Activity 1　Fast- reading for main ideas
√
1. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Benefits of living close to nature.
B. History about Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau.
C. Both Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau’s love for nature.
D. The similarity of Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau.
Para. 1
Para. 2 Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5 Para. 6
Tao’s return to nature.
B. The feature of Tao’s nature.
C. The inspiration of their choices in modern world.
D. The feature of Thoreau’ s nature.
E.Though living in different time, Tao and Thoreau showed respect for nature.
F. Thoreau’s return to nature.
2. Read for the main idea of each paragraph and the passage structure.
Part I
Brief introduction about two poets
Part II
Reasons why Tao and Thoreau returned to nature
Ways Tao and Thoreau treated nature
Part Ⅲ
Part Ⅳ
Benefits of living simply and being ease with nature
Activity 2　Careful -reading for details
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets, but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America. Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, were polar opposites. And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time.
1. What is the function of this paragraph
2.What made Tao and Thoreau each an influential figure of their time Find the sentences in paragraph 1.
To introduce the topic.
This emphasizes that nature holds a special place in the lives and literary works of the two poets.
Read Para. 1 and do the following exercises.
Reason for Tao Yuanming Reason for Thoreau
The life of Tao after returning The life of Thoreau after returning
He felt conflicted over life at court.
Thoreau wanted to transform the way he lived.
Although his life was hard, he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
He lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond, focusing on himself and his writing.
1.Find the reasons why they are back to nature and the lives after returning to nature.
Read Paras.2-3 carefully and do the following exercises.
2. Why did Tao Yuanming leave the court
A. Because he was too old.
B. Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C. Because he liked nature so much.
D. Because he liked living in a rural area.
3. What’s the reason for Thoreau’s return to nature
A. He wanted to seek a peaceful life.
B. He wanted to live a decent life.
C. He was forced by the conflict to do so.
D. The life he lived then was too arduous.
√
√
Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to.
Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value. Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages, in other words, rural, and his animals are domestic ones, such as chickens and dogs. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life:
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,
The smoke above reluctant (不情愿的) to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane (小路),
And chickens sit atop the mulberry (桑葚) tree.
1. What do their works have in common
Their works show its beauty and value.
2. Find the features of Tao’s works.
(1)fields and villages (2)rural
(3)domestic animals such as chickens and dogs
similarity
暧暧远人村，
依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中，
鸡鸣桑树颠。
Read Paras.4-5 carefully and do the following exercises.
Para.4
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him. Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena, he recorded his detailed findings in his journals. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts, as he describes in his journals:
Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines.
3.What was the purpose of Thoreau’s writing
Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper.
4.Find the features in Thoreau’s writing.
(1)Emphasized the beauty and purity of the wild areas
(2)the natural phenomena
(3)his detailed findings
好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切。让生活中只有饮食和草药。
Para.5
5. What does Thoreau’s work mainly embody
A. Nature’s wilderness is beautiful.
B. We should raise more animals.
C. Man should live in harmony with nature.
D. We should live in the rural area.
√
It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires. In today’s modern world, their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
1. What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and fulfilment
A. Live closer to nature. B. Increase material desires.
C. Walk a lot in the forest. D. Share a respect for nature.
√
2.Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives
Because it was difficult to reject the easy and familiar life they used to live.
Read Para.6 carefully and do the following exercises.
1. Find the similarities.
Similarities:
Both made dramatical transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.
Both were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their new lives.
Similarities
Read the whole passag again and do the following exercises.
2. Where can we probably read this passage
A. In a travel guidebook.
B. In a culture magazine.
C. In a science newspaper.
D. In a novel.
3. How does the author develop the passage
A. By describing. B. By quoting.
C. By comparing. D. By reasoning.
√
√
4. What does the author want people to do according to the passage
Live a life in the countryside.
B. Attain personal well-being and fulfilment.
C. Live with as much material as we can.
D. Live a free life.
5. What’s the structure of the passage
√
√
Post-reading
Students own answers.
Why are their ideas important to our lives today (Critical thinking)
2.What do you think about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau Give your reasons.(Creative thinking)
Activity 1　Discussion
Students own answers.
Embrace nature
Enjoy nature’s gifts
Live simply
Find the beauty in every aspect of life
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets.And they shared an intense respect for nature,1.______ made them each an influential figure of their time.
Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives 2.___________(reconnect) with nature. Tao quit the service of the court in 405 and spent the next 22 years until his death, 3.________(work) the land in a poor, rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he 4._________(succeed) in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature. While Tao’s return to nature was 5.___ reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreau’s was a 6.__________(person) decision to transform the way he lived. He had a decent quality of life, but he wanted to live in a 7._________(simple) way. For two years, two months and two days, he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond,8.________(focus) on himself and his writing. Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised we should live with animals and plants 9.___ harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts.
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its 10._________(beautiful) and value.
which
to reconnect
working
succeeded
Activity 2　Summary
personal
simpler
a
focusing
in
beauty
Sentences Analysis
1. Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1, 500 years, were polar opposites.
[句式分析]　此句为_________句。句子主干为：_______；whose引导_____________从句，修饰先行词__________，在从句中作_______。
[自主翻译]
主从复合
非限制性定语
定语
表面上看，这两个人生活在不同的时代，相隔近一千
two men
五百年，迥然不同。
2. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”．
[句式分析]　此句为_________句。句子主干为：______; expressing his ...为现在分词短语作___________，that引导__________从句，对______________进行解释说明。
[自主翻译]
状语
famous line
公元405年，陶渊明永远地退出了官场，在现在仍然
同位语
复合
著名的“不为五斗米折腰”这句话中表达了他的不满。
3. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
[句式分析]　此句为_________句。主句主语和谓语为___________；that引导_________从句；although引导_________从句；succeed in doing意为“___________________”。
[自主翻译]
主从复合
we can learn
宾语
让步状语
我们可以从他的诗歌中看出，尽管生活艰苦，但他从
成功做成某事
这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感，并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
4. While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way
he lived.
[句式分析]　此句为while连接的________句。在第一个分句中，he was opposed to是省略______的______从句，修饰_________；在第二个分句中，he lived 是_______从句，修饰the way。
[自主翻译]
并列
that
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一
定语
定语
a lifestyle
种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
5. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.
[句式分析]　该句是__________句。主句主干是_________结构的句子；he wrote about是省略____的_____从句；in contrast to意为“___________________”。be critical of意为“______________”。
[自主翻译]
复合
主系表
that
定语
他所写的平静安宁的生活与抑郁的朝堂生活形成了
与……（形成）对比
批评；批判
鲜明的对比，是对朝堂生活的批判。
6. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do.
[句式分析]　此句为________句。主句的主语和谓语为_________________________；aim to意为“_________”; that引导 _______从句，as引导__________从句。
[自主翻译]
目的是
Thoreau’s writing aimed to
宾语
梭罗的写作意在使人们信服，动物和植物就像我们
方式状语
复合
人类一样都有生存和繁荣的权利。
7. It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did.
[句式分析]　该句是_____句。主句中it作__________，真正的主语为to do 不定式短语；as 引导__________从句。
[自主翻译]
复合
形式主语
方式状语
像陶渊明和梭罗那样，拒绝简单熟悉的事物，转而
尝试亲近大自然，这需要相当大的勇气。
Homework
Search the Internet to know more about Tao and Thoreau.

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