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中考英语作文有话可写窍门
[摘要]根据中考题目要求，学生能写出正确的句子，能使用衔接词（组）使句与句子之间，段落与段落之间无缝连接，文章顺畅、一气呵成。让学生写出语言通顺，结构合理，逻辑清晰，符合题意，思想表达完整的文章。
[关键词]有话可写
一、写句子
短文是由句子组成的，写句子必须符合英语语言规律，学生必须掌握句子的类型，句子按其结构分为以下三种类型：
简单句五种基本句型
S+V We exercise.
S+V+O I like apples.
S+V+P They are doctors.
S+V+indirect O+direct O I give her a book.
S+V+O+OC The teacher made the students happy.
简单句句子顺序通常为：主语+谓语+宾语+地点状语+时间状语 e.g.
I will do my homework at home tomorrow.明天我将在家做作业。
2.并列句（The Compound Sentence）
由并列连词（and, so,but,or,yet）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起二构成的句子。e.g.
She likes reading books ,but I like playing games.她经常读书，从不打游戏。
3.复合句（The Complex Sentence）
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（主语从句）
不管她来还是不来，关系不是很大。
I think that apples are delicious.（宾语从句）我认为苹果很可口。
宾语从句要有陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的关系代词：what,who.which; 关系副词：when,where,how,why;连词：whether.if.
（3）I like music that sounds wonderful.（定语从句）我喜欢听起来悦耳的音乐。
定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后。
（4）My sister has been in Guangzhou since she was born.（状语从句）自他出生以来他就住在广州。
学生需掌握状语从句的引导词：
时间：when, before, after, as, while,as soon as,since, not…until,whenever
原因：because,as,since 条件:if, unless 比较：as（so）…as, than
结果: so…that 目的：so, so that 让步：although, even though
二、常用句型：
1.either…or…要么… 不是…就是…
结构可用量连接两个独立的词，(谓语动词的数遵守近邻原则)短语，甚至独立的句子，e.g.
You can come either today or tomorrow.你要么今天来，要么明天来。
Either you leave now or I’ll call the police.要么你现在离开，否则我就叫警察。
2.It takes（took） sb +some time +to do something 花费某人一段时间 e.g.
It’s usually takes me an hour minutes to get there by bus.乘公交车去那花了我十分钟。
3.It is（was）+形容词/副词+for sb +to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样e.g.
It’s difficult for me to study math.学数学对我来说是难的。
It’s +形容词+of sb +to do sth 某人做某事是怎么样e.g.
It’s very silly of you to scold your teacher.
4.感叹句
What +a（n）+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语！e.g.
What a cute girl she is!她是一个多么机灵的女孩。
What +形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！e.g.
What clever boys they are!他们是多么聪明的孩子。
What bad whether it is!多么糟糕的天气。
How +形容词或副词+主语+谓语!
Look at that bird.How interesting!看那只鸟，多么有趣。
5.so+形容词+that从句
The game is so interesting that I don’t want to stop playing it.
这个游戏如此有趣以至于我不想停止玩。
6.Unless: if…not 除非
Unless I do,we’ll be lost.
7.not so/as…as 不像…那样 不如…这么
It wasn’t so good as last time.这次不如上次好。
8.as far as I Know 据我所知
They’re not coming today,so far as I know.据我所知，他们不会来。
9.It depends on who/what/how/whether… 取决于
It depends what day you catch me,and at what time of day.取决于那天见我，以及见我的时间。
10.rather than 而不是I,rather than you,should do the work.
11.be supposed to do something 应该做某事
You’re supposed to shake hands.
12.be allowed to do something应该允许做某事。
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年应该允许选择自己的衣服。
13.动词-ing形式作主语
Working together with them helped me know much more about their life.
和他们一起工作有助于了解更多的他们的生活。
14.get something done 请别人做某事，使某事完成（自己也可能参与）
Go and get your hair cut:Go and get someone to cut your hair.去理发
15.With 表示伴随，因某种状况的存在而导致… 由于，因为
With my parents away ,I’m the kings of the house.父母不在家，我是家中之王。
16.find it +adj to do something 发现做某事是（翻译形容词）的
I find it very difficult to answer this question.我发现回答这个问题很难。
17.prefer doing A to doing B= prefer to do A rather than do B =would rather do A than do B e.g.
He prefer going out to staying at home. =He prefer to go out rather than stay at home.= He would rather go out than stay at home.
18.used to +verb 过去常常 e.g.
He used to arrive late last month,but now he doesn’t .他过去来得很晚，但现在不了。
三、句子衔接
1.文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语
to begin with 开始 first of all 首先 generally speaking 通常说来
2. 文章结尾常用的过渡词语
Therefore，（因此，所以） thus，（因此） In conclusion 总而言之 in belief简言之 to sum up（总而言之 ） in a word (总之)
3.常用表示先后次序的过渡性词语first second next eventually（最后） since then afterward therefore immediately（紧接的） finally
4.表示因果关系的过渡性词语
Accordingly（因此） for this reason （为此） as a result（结果） in this way consequently（因此，结果） due to（由于） therefore because of（因为） thus （所以）
表示比较和对比关系的过渡性词语
In contrast with （和…成比较） similarly（相似的） whereas（然而） on the country different from likewise （同样的） equally important （同样重要的） on the other hand
表示举例的过渡性词语
A case in point （恰当的例子） for example namely that is 也就是说 for instance
对文章总结时，常用的是
in a word （一句话） all in all（总而言之） in generally（总的说来） generally generally speaking
衔接操练
在下列段落中使用衔接词使段落连贯、顺畅。
学生习作：假如你是美国的一位初中学生，去年到中国北京作交换生，你向你美国的朋友Bill写信介绍你在中国的生活状况。
Dear bill:
How time flies! I have been in China for a year.Does not only China has over 5000-year-old history,but also is one of the most friendly countries.It is worth learning and spreading.
During rich and colorful Chinese culture,I was interested in Chinese customs best.For example,people often play fireworks in Spring Festival.Although it was noisy,it made people happy.
Chinese people that I met was so friendly that I made many Chinese friends.They took me to have Chinese food and watch Peking Operas.The food was too delicious to stop eating. Such as Peking duck.Moreover,Peking Opera is different from western plays.It performs by singing 、reading、doing and striking.In a word,I think China is very great.I love China and Chinese people.
Yours sincerely
Bob
书信写作
写信给市长，反映你居住的城市的环保问题，内容包括：1.什么问题？2.引起问题原因？3.解决问题你有什么好建议？
（一）写作素材
1.根据题目列举问题
（1）There are more vehicles on the road these days.
（2）many factories have been built by boss in recently years.
（3）And factories that give out poisonous gas also pollute the air.
（4）There is too much rubbish and waste around neighborhoods.
2.解决问题方法
（1）To cut down air pollution we should use new energy vehicles.
（2）We should write to the government and ask them to take measures to rectify the situation.
（3）Citizen must throw the rubbish into the bins.
（4）Pull together ,our actions can make a difference to environments
3.组句成篇
Dear Mayor,
My name is Wang Tong.Live in Bolin town. It’s my favorite town. But the environments are improved.
Now people are living a happy and rich life.Each family has cars.There are more vehicles on the roads these days.Gas emission from automobiles has polluted the environment.What’s more,with the development of the economy.Many factories have been built in my town. To make more worse, factories that give out poisonous gas also pollute the air.I often smell unpleasant gases.It’s bad for our health. Last but not least,Citizens are throwing litters on the streets.There is too much rubbish and waste around neighborhoods.That’s awful.
In my opinions,we are suppose to use new energy vehicles.The government should take measures to rectify the situation.The government develop laws to prevent factories from putting waste into the sky.In addition,citizens mustn’t throw rubbish away on the streets.So it can keep public places clean and beautiful. Pull together, our actions can make a difference to protecting environments.we’ll live a comfortable life.
Yours sincerely
Wang Tong
五．说明文写作
在学校举行的“发明创造”科技大赛中，假如你发明的“飞行单车”在学校荣获奖，被学校推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请用英语介绍你的发明和需要改进部分，以便产品更加舒适、安全。内容已列在下列方框中。
外观：两个可高低调节的轮子。两只翅膀并可收藏 用途：便于驾驶员地面行驶和空中飞行，可在空中拍照，能对话与地面联系。 特点：速度快，效率高，使用太阳能、环保。 改进计划（1-2点）
写作思路：1.写句子介绍“飞行单车”。 2.使用衔接知识连接句子。3.发挥想象提议改进计划。
写作过程：
写句子：
（1）The flying bike has two height adjustable wheels and two collected wings.
（2）It can ride on the road and fly in the sky.
（3）It can take photos and make telephone calls.
（4）It can run fast with solar power.
（5）It can improve work efficiency.
（5）It can protect our environments.
（6）We can fix an umbrella in the flying bike to keep off rain and wind.
（7）The flying bike must be set up rescue equipment to protect a driver.
组句成篇:
I attended the International Youth Technology Exhibition last year.The Flying bike invented by me was exhibited at the exhibition.It has two height adjustable wheels and two collected wings that can ride on the ground or fly in the sky.When you ride the flying bike, you can take photos in the sky and communicate with persons on the ground through telephone.It is convenient. It can not only run fast with solar power,but also
help to protect our environments and improve work efficiency.The flying bike has many advantages, but it should be improved as well. I’m supposed to fix an umbrella in the flying bike to keep off rain and wind and I must be set up rescue equipment to protect a driver.
中考写作话题
1.家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family,friends and people around）
2.学校生活（School life）
3.兴趣与爱好（Interesting and hobbies）
4.计划与愿望（Plans and intentions.
5.健康（Health）
6.文娱与体育（Entertainment and sports）
7.旅游与交通（Travel and transport）
8.语言学习（Language learning）
9.世界与环境（The world and the environment）
10.科普知识与现代技术（Popular science and modern technology）
11.社会（Society）
七、 书面表达的写作技巧与方法
1.注意篇章结构，文章体裁，列提纲，写句子
2.开头部分：点明主题，阐述文章要点和核心问题。
3.文章主体部分：
（1）议论文：围绕主题或文章体裁阐述自己的观点，意见，建议，可举例说明。
（2）记叙文：开展描述人物，叙述事件要线索清晰，交代明白。
（3）说明文：组织结构一目了然，语言准确、严密、简明，运用恰当方法进行说明、讲解。
4.结尾：总结、归纳观点，得出结论，表达愿望。
5.注意：写作时要做到全文中心突出，段落、句子间巧衔接，内容完整连贯，书写清楚工整。

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