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专题17 语法选择
【题型解读】
语法选择题与完形填空题类似，给出一篇短文，将短文中的一些单词或短语挖空作为考点。旨在考查学生在实际语言中运用语法知识的能力，着重在语篇的层面考查学生的语法分析能力，强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确运用。
题型特点如下：
1．选用材料一般为250词左右，多为记叙文，故事性比较强。
2．考查形式是在一篇留有10个空的短文中，要求考生按照语法规则和上下文选择正确答案，每空1分，共10分。
3．因为有特定的语境，因而难度不大，中考难度大约在0.55左右。
4．通常情况下，语法选择的考查内容主要包括以下方面：名词、代词、数词、介词、连词、形容词和副词、冠词、情态动词、时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、词语辨析、宾语从句、定语从句和感叹句。对定语从句知识点的考查，中考难度不会偏离课本的要求，即只要求能辨认出由that，which，who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子的意思。因此不要求盲目拔高定语从句的难度。
【解题技巧】
1.语境考虑法。
单项填空题多为截取的生活场景,句式灵活,用词地道,用语言来解决实际生活中的问题。做题时一定要全面捕捉题干信息,把握好语言环境,切中句子意思,抓住上下文语境,领会句子的言外之意,然后对各个选项进行比较筛选,从中确定最佳答案。
2.固定搭配法。
单项填空题常会涉及一些固定短语、固定结构及习惯用法等,对此类题我们可以在理解句意的基础上,根据习惯表达方式直接选出答案。例如:
Every one of you is looking forward getting a good result. Better think carefully before writing down your answers. Wish yousuccess ！
A. on B. in C. to D. for
答案分析:C。句意:你们每个人都期盼有一个好的结果。在写答案前想清楚比较好。祝你们成功! look forward to doing sth.意为“期盼做某事”,是固定词组。
3.关键词法。
有些单项填空题在题干中含有或暗含一些关键词,它们对于快速而准确地选出答案起着至关重要的作用。抓住这些关键词去理解句意,往往会使我们的问题迎刃而解。例如:
He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ？
A. doesn't he B. didn't he C. did he D. does he
答案分析:C。该題中 hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的词。反意疑问句中,陈述部分含有 hardly, never, little,,few等表示否定意义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加-s,应为过去式。因此本题应选C项。
4.比较法。
运用所学的语法知识,认真比较四个选项,对其进行时态、语态、语气、非谓语形式及同义词比较后,选出正确答案。例如:
The famous man in china for ten years.
A died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
答案分析:C。由 for ten years可以断定要用现在完成时。died和 was dead是一般过去时,因此排除A、B两项。de是非延续性动词,在完成时中与表示一段时间的词连用时,必须转化为延续性动词形式 be dead。
5.逻辑推理法
有的题目从语法上看并没有错,但句意不合逻辑。因此,做此类题时,就需要根据逻辑推理来选出正确答案。例如
There are people in the street because it is very late.
A. a little B. little C.few D. a few
答案分析:C。 a little和 little不能用来修饰 people,因此排除A、B两项。few和a few都可以修饰 people,但D项在意思上不合逻辑。故答案为C项。
6.前后照应法。
此法要求答题前首先弄清题干的真正意思,然后根据备选项与题干的上下联系,捕捉暗含的信息,前后照应,最后选出正确答案。例如:
Mr. Gan is a teacher. He works in a new .
A shop B.school C. factory D. hospital
答案分析:B。如果我们不看题干的一部分,四个选项均可但根据题干的前平句“高先生是一位教师”,即可确定答案为B项。
7.排除法
排除法是使用频率最高的方法之一。此种方法是指在理解句意的基础上结合句子结构词语用法等逐个排除错误的选项,从而得出正确答案。例如:
—Would you like some drinks, boys
—yes, ,please.
A .some oranges B. two boxes of apples C. some cakes D. two bottles of coke
答案分析:D。句意:“孩子们,想来点喝的吗 ”“是的,请来两瓶可乐。”问句询问是否需要喝的,而 oranges, apples, cakes均为吃的东西,故可排除AB、C三项。
【Tips】
①正确把握语境：当我们孤立地看留空格时往往难以抉择，但将上下句联系起来，就能轻松破题。因此，做语法选择时要正确把握语境。
②记住固定搭配：同学们在平时需要注意积累常见的固定句式、名词与形容词的搭配等等，这对解题十分有利。
③分析句子逻辑：根据复合句和并列句的知识，句子与句子之间有着不同的逻辑关系，或是从属关系，或是并列关系。
从句子的意义和逻辑关系来看，从句可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、目的等，句子之间可以是并列关系、递进关系、转折关系等。
④利用对称结构：同学们在做题过程中要善于利用 and，but 等连词。若连接的是动词，则几个动词应该是同一时态或形式。
（2024·广东珠海·一模）
通读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
My neighbor Uncle Wang works in a park as a cleaner. He has worked there for more than 10 years. He is also known 1 a kind-hearted person in our neighborhood. Nothing can make him 2 than helping others when they are in trouble.
Last Sunday morning, Uncle Wang was cleaning the park. Suddenly, he heard a woman 3 for help. He ran up quickly to see what happened. The woman’s 16-month-old baby girl choked (噎住) on a small piece of apple 4 her face turned purple. The baby was too young to save 5 . And the mother was nervous, too. She didn’t know 6 to do to help her daughter properly. Luckily, Uncle Wang had ever taken part in courses dealing with such situation. He took the baby in his arms without thinking twice. With the 7 help, Uncle Wang held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting 8 piece of apple out of her mouth. To everyone’s delight (高兴), the baby 9 ! The mother was so thankful that she cried with joy. She thanked Li Ping over and over again.
But in Uncle Wang’s mind, helping others 10 just helping himself. He hoped more people will volunteer to give a hand to those in need. With joint effort, the world could be more and more beautiful.
1．A．for B．to C．as
2．A．happy B．happier C．happiest
3．A．cries B．crying C．cried
4．A．and B．because C．but
5．A．she B．her C．herself
6．A．how B．what C．when
7．A．mother’s B．mothers’ C．mother
8．A．/ B．a C．the
9．A．saved B．is saved C．was saved
10．A．be B．is C．are
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者的邻居王叔叔在公园帮助一位噎住的婴儿的故事。
1．句意：在我们社区，他也被认为是一个善良的人。
for为了；to到；as作为。be known as“被认为是”，故选C。
2．句意：没有什么比在别人有困难的时候帮助他们更让他高兴的了。
happy开心，原形；happier比较级；happiest最高级。结合than可知应使用比较级，故选B。
3．句意：突然，他听到一个女人在呼救。
cries哭，三单形式；crying动名词/现在分词；cried过去式。heard sb. doing“听到某人正在做”，故选B。
4．句意：这名女子16个月大的女婴被一小片苹果卡住了，脸色发紫。
and和；because因为；but但是。前后表并列，用and。故选A。
5．句意：那婴儿太小了，还不能自救。
she她；her她的；herself她自己。根据“The baby was too young to save”可知是指那婴儿太小了，还不能自救，故选C。
6．句意：她不知道该怎么做才能妥善地帮助女儿。
how怎样；what什么；when什么时候。此处是宾语从句，且此空作从句宾语，用what。故选B。
7．句意：在这位妈妈的帮助下，王叔倒抱着宝宝，轻轻拍了拍她的背。
mother’s妈妈的；mothers’妈妈们的；mother妈妈。此处是指这个小女婴的妈妈，此空用名词单数所有格的形式修饰空后的help。故选A。
8．句意：过了一会儿，他终于把这块苹果从她嘴里弄了出来。
/不填；a一个，用以辅音音素开头的单词；the表特指。根据“baby girl choked (噎住) on a small piece of apple”可知此处是指前文提到的这块苹果，因此需用the。故选C。
9．句意：令所有人高兴的是，这个婴儿获救了。
saved救，过去式；is saved一般现在时的被动语态；was saved一般过去时的被动语态。主语the baby与“救”之间存在被动关系，此处是描述过去的事，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
10．句意：但在王叔的心目中，帮助别人就是帮助自己。
be原形；is是，主语为第三人称单数；are是，主语为复数/你。此处是动名词短语helping others作主语，be动词用is。故选B。
（2024·广东茂名·一模）
Katy is 11 actress and a player as well. She is a person who refuses 12 the words “no” or “I can’t”.
She was born without the lower half of her legs. She 13 prosthetic (假肢的) legs all her life since she was four. She had an active childhood. She kept up with her sisters and brothers at the gym and in the swimming pool. She feels lucky. Her family has treated her in the same way as the other members.
When a person is born without legs, there are lots of things that are difficult to do. But Katy believes she can do 14 . She chose to do two things that are difficult even with both legs.
As a teenager, she saw a movie that was very 15 to her. Before it was over, Katy had made her mind up to be an actress.
She got a degree in theater 16 then she played roles in theater, television and movies. She thinks that if you believe you can do something, you should go for it. So when Katy’s friend asked her whether 17 to try running, she said “yes”. She 18 a pair of running legs and started running.
Katy was the first person 19 the world with two prosthetic legs to take up running as a competitive sport.
Katy has a 20 will than many other people. Her family, friends and fans look up to her as an example of someone who has got over difficulties and achieved her dreams.
11．A．a B．an C．the
12．A．use B．using C．to use
13．A．has worn B．wore C．wears
14．A．something B．anything C．nothing
15．A．meaningful B．meaningfully C．meaning
16．A．or B．and C．but
17．A．did she want B．she wants C．she wanted
18．A．gave B．is given C．was given
19．A．in B．on C．from
20．A．strongest B．stronger C．strong
【答案】
11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．C 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了身有残疾的凯蒂·沙利文通过不懈努力实现自己的目标的故事，赞扬了她意志坚定、有远大梦想和积极乐观的生活态度。
11．句意：凯蒂既是一名演员，也是一名运动员。
a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词。此处泛指“一名演员”，actress以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。
12．句意：她是一个拒绝使用“不”或“我不能”这两个词的人。
use使用，动词原形；using动名词；to use动词不定式。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。故选C。
13．句意：她从四岁起就一直戴着假肢。
has worn穿，现在完成时；wore过去式；wears动词单三。根据“since she was four”可知句子用现在完成时。故选A。
14．句意：但凯蒂相信她什么都能做。
something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有事。根据“Katy believes she can do”可知她认为自己可以做任何事。故选B。
15．句意：十几岁的时候，她看了一部对她来说非常有意义的电影。
meaningful有意义的，形容词；meaningfully有意义地，副词；meaning意义，名词。作be动词的表语用形容词。故选A。
16．句意：她获得了戏剧学位，然后在戏剧、电视和电影中扮演角色。
or或者；and和；but但是。前后是并列关系，用and连接。故选B。
17．句意：所以当凯蒂的朋友问她是否想尝试跑步时，她说“想”。
did she want她想要，疑问语序；she wants她想要，陈述语序，一般现在时；she wanted她想要，陈述语序，一般过去时。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A；根据“asked”可知从句用一般过去时，排除B。故选C。
18．句意：她得到了一双跑步腿，开始跑步。
gave给，动词过去式；is given一般现在时的被动语态；was given一般过去时的被动语态。主语She和谓语give之间是被动关系，根据“said”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
19．句意：凯蒂是世界上第一个拥有两条假腿并将跑步作为竞技运动的人。
in在……里面；on在……上面；from从。in the world“在世界上”。故选A。
20．句意：凯蒂的意志比其他许多人都要坚强。
strongest最强的；stronger更强的；strong强的。根据“than”可知此处用比较级。故选B。
（2024·广东韶关·一模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
New Year was coming. One day, 21 my way home from school, a lady gave me a piece of paper saying that the neighborhood was asking people to give New Year gifts to those 22 needed them. When I got home, I showed my mother 23 paper and said that I wanted to take part in the plan. My mother agreed and encouraged me to offer 24 to others. She said we would become “Neighborhood Angels.”
Several days later, my mother 25 me to the town center. “I will drive you to Boots Department Store 26 something you think suitable for a neighborhood present.” she said. As we went into the store, my mother gave me $20 to pay for the gift. Then she left me alone to do the shopping. I was not used to buying things on my own. Everything seemed very strange and confusing to me, but I carried on. I asked 27 what I should buy and for whom. An idea quickly came to me. There was a poor boy in our neighborhood. I used to see him often without a jacket during the cold winter months. He 28 “Poor Ralph” by other boys. So I decided, then and there, to buy him a warm jacket.
As I paid for the jacket 29 , the assistant asked, “Is this for someone ” I said yes, and she wished me a Happy New Year. I felt as if I were a real “Neighborhood Angel.” 30 unforgettable experience!
21．A．on B．by C．with
22．A．which B．who C．whom
23．A．a B．an C．the
24．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly
25．A．drove B．will drive C．has driven
26．A．to buy B．buying C．bought
27．A．me B．myself C．mine
28．A．called B．has called C．was called
29．A．happily B．more happily C．most happily
30．A．How B．What a C．What an
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者给邻里买新年礼物的故事。
21．句意： 一天，在我放学回家的路上，一位女士给了我一张纸……。
on在上面；by通过；with和。on one’s way home“在某人回家的路上”。故选A。
22．句意： 一天，在我放学回家的路上，一位女士给了我一张纸，说社区要求人们给那些需要的人送新年礼物。
which引导定语从句，先行词是物，在从句中作主语、宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语、宾语；whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。句子是定语从句，先行词是those(那些人)，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。
23．句意：当我回到家时，我给妈妈看了这张纸，说我想参加这个计划。
a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词。此处指上文说的那张纸，用定冠词the。故选C。
24．句意： 妈妈同意了，并鼓励我向别人表达善意。
kind和蔼的，形容词；kindness善良，名词；kindly和蔼地，副词。此处作谓语动词offer的宾语，用名词。故选B。
25．句意：几天后，我妈妈开车把我送到了市中心。
drove开车，过去式；will drive一般将来时；has driven现在完成时。由语境可知，文章用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。
26．句意： 我会开车送你去Boots百货商店，去买你认为适合给邻里的礼物。
to buy买，动词不定式；buying动名词或现在分词；bought动词过去式或过去分词。“drive you to Boots Department Store”的目的是“buy something you think...”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。
27．句意：我问我自己应该买什么，给谁买。
me我，宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“I asked...”可知，作者是问“我自己”。故选B。
28．句意：他被其他男孩称为“Poor Ralph”。
called叫作，过去式或过去分词；has called现在完成时；was called一般过去时的被动语态。主语he和谓语call“叫作”之间是被动关系，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
29．句意：当我高兴地付夹克的钱时，店员问：“这是给某人的吗？”
happily快乐地，副词原级；more happily更开心地，副词比较级；most happily最开心地，副词最高级。由语境可知，此处无比较之意，用副词的原级形式。故选A。
30．句意：这是一个多么难忘的经历！
how引导感叹句，结构为“how+adj./adv.+主谓”；what a引导感叹句，结构为“what a adj.+n.+主谓”，形容词为辅音音素开头的单词；what an引导感叹句，结构为“what an adj.+n.+主谓”，形容词为元音音素开头的单词。感叹句的中心词是可数名词单数experience，unforgettable以元音音素开头，用感叹句结构“what an adj.+n.+主谓”。故选C。
（2024·广东湛江·一模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Recently, Chinese netizens (网民) gave likes to a 5-year-old boy from Henan Province, for his touching move. He 31 a hair cut for three years to help children with cancer (癌症).
In a video posted online, Guangnian showed 32 30-centimeter-long hair. He thought of this form of volunteering about three years ago when he watched 33 program about children with cancer, in which he knew many children lost their hair because of cancer.
After that, Guangnian decided 34 his hair long and give his hair to children who lost hair because of cancer. Nobody thought he was 35 at that time, as he was just a 3-year-old kid.
“ 36 my first day of school, I was mistaken for a girl by others. I told them I was a boy many times, 37 they still called me a girl, which made me upset,” Guangnian said. Though Guangnian 38 by others, he never thought of giving up.
“Sometimes I would envy (羡慕) my little 39 short hair because people could tell he is a boy from his look.” he said.
40 , Guangnian’s hair is long enough now. According to Guangnian’s mother, he could give his hair to people in need this summer.
31．A．doesn’t have B．hasn’t had C．haven’t had
32．A．he B．him C．his
33．A．a B．an C．the
34．A．grow B．growing C．to grow
35．A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious
36．A．On B．In C．At
37．A．and B．or C．but
38．A．laughed at B．is laughed at C．was laughed at
39．A．brother B．brother’s C．brothers’
40．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily
【答案】
31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．A 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文讲述了一个5岁男孩光年为帮助癌症患儿留3年长发的感人故事。
31．句意：他三年没有理发是为了帮助癌症儿童。
doesn’t have没有，为一般现在时的否定句结构；hasn’t had没有，为单三人称的现在完成时的否定结构；haven’t had没有，为非单三人称的现在完成时的否定结构。根据“for three years”可知，时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+done，主语为He，否定句结构为hasn’t had。故选B。
32．句意：在网上发布的一段视频中，光年展示了他的30厘米长的头发。
he他，为主格；him他，为宾格；his他的，为形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据“... 30-centimeter-long hair. ”可知，空处指“他的30厘米长的头发”，需用his来修饰hair。故选C。
33．句意：大约三年前，当他观看一个有关癌症儿童的节目时，他想到了这种形式的志愿服务，在节目中他知道许多孩子因为癌症而失去了头发。
a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词；the这个，一般指特指。根据“...when he watched...program...”可知，空处表泛指，需不定冠词，program是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用a修饰。故选A。
34．句意：此后，光年决定留长发，并将自己的头发送给因癌症而脱发的孩子们。
grow生长，为动词原形；growing生长，为现在分词或动名词；to grow生长，为动词不定式。decide to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“决定做某事”，空处需填不定式to grow。故选C。
35．句意：当时没有人认为他是认真的，因为他只是一个三岁的孩子。
serious认真的；more serious更认真的；the most serious最认真的。根据“Nobody thought he was... ”可知，空处无比较意味，仅为陈述他的行为，需填形容词原级。故选A。
36．句意：“在上学的第一天，我就被别人误认为是女孩。我多次告诉他们我是男孩，他们仍然叫我女孩，这让我很不高兴。” 光年说。
On在具体某一天；In在年、月、四季等；At在几点。根据“...my first day of school”可知，具体到某一天，需用On。故选A。
37．句意：“在上学的第一天，我就被别人误认为是女孩。我多次告诉他们我是男孩，他们仍然叫我女孩，这让我很不高兴。” 光年说。
and并且；or或者，否则；but但是。根据空前后关系可知，表转折，需连词but。故选C。
38．句意：光年虽然被别人嘲笑，但他从未想过放弃。
laughed at嘲笑，为过去式；is laughed at被嘲笑，为一般现在时的被动语态；was laughed at被嘲笑，为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“...by others”可知，空处为被动语态，因回忆往事，故时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+done”。故选C。
39．句意：“有时候我会羡慕我弟弟的短发，因为人们从他的外表就能看出他是个男孩。”他说。
brother兄弟；brother’s兄弟的；brothers’兄弟们的。根据“because people could tell he is a boy from his look.”可知，空处指他弟弟的，需brother的所有格brother’s。故选B。
40．句意：幸运的是，光年的头发现在已经够长了。
Luck运气，为名词；Lucky幸运的，为形容词；Luckily幸运地，副词。根据“Guangnian’s hair is long enough now. ”可知，他的头发足够长，是幸运的事情。Luckily修饰整个句子。故选C。
（2024·广东佛山·一模）
Before the Shenzhou-15 returned to Earth, Fei Junlong,an astronaut, sent a reply letter to a student named Tsering.
The 16-year-old boy comes from Tibet (西藏). He 41 at Beijing No. 80 High School now. Over 10,000 letters 42 to the astronauts, but they only sent one reply. Tsering was 43 of all!
In Tsering’s letter, he shared about Tibetan stories of the starry sky and 44 interest in learning about the sky. He also wrote about moving from Tibet to Beijing.
“I’m very happy to study in Beijing! I have many friends 45 we often chat about information technology,” Tsering wrote in 46 letter.
Tsering truly felt 47 about the achievements of Chinese aerospace (航空工业). In the future, he wants to study computer science at Tsinghua University. He wonders 48 he can reach for stars and make his dream come true.
In Fei’s reply, he shared his own experiences 49 Tsering. “The road to success is never smooth. Only 50 studying hard can dreams come true.” he said. He ended the letter by wishing success to Tsering and his classmates in their studies.
41．A．studied B．is studying C．will study
42．A．sent B．are sent C．were sent
43．A．lucky B．luckier C．the luckiest
44．A．he B．his C．him
45．A．but B．and C．so
46．A．a B．the C．\
47．A．excited B．exciting C．excitingly
48．A．what B．how C．that
49．A．encourage B．encouraging C．to encourage
50．A．by B．from C．with
【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了来自西藏的男孩收到宇航员的回信，文章讲述了他信中的内容以及宇航员对他的鼓励。
41．句意：他现在在北京第80中学学习。
studied学习，动词过去式；is studying现在进行时；will study一般将来时。根据“now”可知，句子是现在进行时，故选B。
42．句意：给宇航员寄去了一万多封信，但他们只回了一封。
sent寄送，动词过去式/过去分词；are sent一般现在时的被动语态；were sent一般过去时的被动语态。主语letters和动词send是被动关系，句子发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
43．句意：次仁是所有人中最幸运的!
lucky幸运的；luckier更幸运地；the luckiest最幸运的。根据“of all”可知，这里需要用形容词最高级，故选C。
44．句意：在次仁的信中，他分享了西藏星空的故事，以及他对了解天空的兴趣。
he他；his他的；him他。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词his修饰，故选B。
45．句意：我有很多朋友，我们经常谈论信息技术。
but但是；and并且；so所以。后句和前句是并列关系，应用and连接。故选B。
46．句意：次仁在信中写道。
a一个；the表示特指；\不填。此处是特指写给宇航员的信，应用the。故选B。
47．句意：次仁真的对中国航天工业的成就感到兴奋。
excited感到激动的；exciting令人激动的；excitingly激动地。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人，应用excited，故选A。
48．句意：他想知道怎样才能摘到星星，实现自己的梦想。
what什么；how如何；that无实际意义。根据“he can reach for stars and make his dream come true”可知，想知道自己如何才能摘到星星，实现自己的梦想。故选B。
49．句意：在费的回复中，他分享了自己的经历，鼓励次仁。
encourage鼓励，动词原形；encouraging动名词/现在分词；to encourage动词不定式。分析句子可知，分享自己的经历是为了鼓励次仁，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。
50．句意：只有努力学习，梦想才能成真。
by通过；from从；with和。根据“Only...studying hard can dreams come true”可知，实现梦想要通过努力学习，故选A。
（2024·广东中山·一模）
Is it going to snow That was the question Dana had kept asking her mother for the past two weeks. “I want 51 out my new skis Aunt Annie bought me for my birthday,” Dana told her mom.
Every year at this time, Dana and her family went to the mountains to their cabin (小木屋). 52 it was cold, they always had great fun skiing. The only problem this year was that there hadn’t been some snow. When Dana came home from school on Friday, she 53 a piece of good news—they were going on a ski trip. Hearing it at that moment, Dana thought it was 54 day of the week. “How can we ski without snow ” Dana asked in surprise.
“You’ll see,” said Mom. “We’re going water skiing.”
During the weekend, Dana and her family had a great time water skiing. It was 55 new sport, and it was really exciting. Time passed quickly and soon it was time for 56 to go back home. When they 57 home, they couldn’t believe their eyes. It was snowing! Everything they saw was by snow.
The next weekend, there was much snow that Dana and her family took a trip again. They packed their ski clothes and left for the cabin. Dana finally wore her new skis and even learned how to ski down a new hill. “ 58 great weekends these were!” Dana said 59 . “Not only did I go water skiing last weekend, I also got to try my new skis 60 Aunt Annie.”
51．A．to try B．trying C．tries
52．A．Unless B．If C．Although
53．A．was told B．is told C．told
54．A．happier B．the happiest C．happy
55．A．a B．an C．the
56．A．they B．them C．their
57．A．reach B．reached C．reaches
58．A．How B．What a C．What
59．A．excitedly B．exciting C．excited
60．A．with B．for C．from
【答案】
51．A 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．A 56．B 57．B 58．C 59．A 60．C
【导语】本文讲述了达娜快乐的滑雪旅行。
51．句意：我想试一下安妮阿姨为我生日买的新滑雪板。
to try尝试，不定式；trying动名词/现在分词；tries三单形式。want to do“想做”，故选A。
52．句意：虽然天气很冷，但他们滑雪总是玩得很开心。
Unless除非；If如果；Although虽然。根据“it was cold, they always had great fun skiing”可知是虽然天气很冷，但他们滑雪总是玩得很开心。故选C。
53．句意：当达娜周五放学回家时，她被告知一个好消息——他们要去滑雪旅行。
was told告诉，一般过去时的被动语态；is told一般现在时的被动语态；told一般过去时。此处表示她被告知好消息，因此需要使用被动语态，结合came，可知需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
54．句意：那一刻听到这句话，达娜觉得这是一周中最幸福的时刻。
happier开心，比较级；the happiest最高级；happy原形。结合“of the week”可知应使用最高级，故选B。
55．句意：这是一项新的运动，非常令人兴奋。
a一个，用以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用以元音音素开头的单词；the表特指。此空表泛指，new是以辅音音素开头的单词，故选A。
56．句意：时间过得很快，很快就到了他们回家的时间。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的。介词for后接宾格，表示到了他们回家的时间，故选B。
57．句意：当他们回到家时，他们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
reach到达，原形；reached过去式；reaches三单形式。结合“couldn’t”可知应使用过去时，故选B。
58．句意：这些周末真是太棒了！
How引导感叹句；What a引导感叹句，后接可数名词单数；What引导感叹句。分析句子，符合what+形容词+复数名词+主谓的感叹句结构，故选C。
59．句意：达娜兴奋地说。
excitedly兴奋地，副词；exciting形容词，形容物；excited形容词，形容人。此处修饰动词said，用副词，故选A。
60．句意：上周末我不仅去滑水了，还试了安妮阿姨买的新滑雪板。
with和；for为了；from从。根据“try my new skis…Aunt Annie”可知是指来自安妮阿姨的新滑雪板，故选C。
（2024·广东广州·一模）
One day, I had a meal in 61 expensive restaurant. A young couple with a small boy ordered a piece of the cheapest beef steak. “Sir, anything else One piece is not enough for all of you!” The waiter said.
The dad was a little 62 . He said, “Thanks. It’s enough. We just want to bring the guy to have beef steak, and we 63 supper.”
I watch 64 for a while. I found that the parents not only took the boy to have beef steak, but also regarded as a process of 65 . The parents taught the kid 66 to use the knife and fork and told him some table manners.
I’d like 67 good friends with the family. Then I walked over and asked 68 . “ 69 I offer each of you a cup of coffee ” They accepted my coffee with a smile. We began to chat. “To be honest, we are very poor, 70 we can’t afford any expensive food at all. However, we have every confidence in our boy. He lives in a poor family, but I believe he 71 great success in the future. That’s why we teach him the good table manners,” said the dad. “We hope our kid can be a person 72 respects himself and others.”
We became friends and got on well 73 each other. Afterwards, great progress 74 by the kid, and he succeeded. And I have the honor to drink a cup of coffee from him, especially in 75 restaurant in England.
61．A．a B．an C．the D．/
62．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment
63．A．eat B．are eating C．have eaten D．will eat
64．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
65．A．learn B．learns C．to learn D．learning
66．A．how B．what C．why D．who
67．A．become B．becoming C．to become D．becomes
68．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer
69．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should
70．A．but B．or C．because D．so
71．A．achieves B．has achieved C．achieved D．will achieve
72．A．who B．which C．when D．where
73．A．of B．with C．from D．in
74．A．makes B．made C．has made D．was made
75．A．expensive B．more expensive C．the most expensive D．most expensive
【答案】
61．B 62．B 63．C 64．B 65．D 66．A 67．C 68．C 69．A 70．D 71．D 72．A 73．B 74．D 75．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者看见一对夫妇带着自己儿子去餐厅吃牛排。他们虽然穷，但是相信自己的儿子将来一定会取得很大成就的，于是就教他良好的餐桌礼仪。作者请他们喝咖啡，和他们成为了朋友。后来，这个男孩取得了成功，并请作者在英国最豪华的餐厅喝咖啡。
61．句意：有一天，我在一家豪华餐厅吃饭。
a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the那个，表示特指；/是零冠词。restaurant是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且“expensive”是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an修饰，故选B。
62．句意：这位父亲有点尴尬。
embarrass使尴尬；embarrassed尴尬的；embarrassing令人尴尬的；embarrassment尴尬。作为系动词“was”的表语，用形容词，主语是“The dad”，因此描述人的感受，用embarrassed，故选B。
63．句意：我们只是想带他去吃牛排，我们已经吃过晚饭了。
eat吃，是一般现在时；are eating吃，是现在进行时；have eaten吃，是现在完成时；will eat吃，是一般将来时。根据“We just want to bring the guy to have beef steak”可知，我们只是带他来吃牛排，因此表示我们已经吃过晚饭了，用现在完成时表示已经做了某事，故选C。
64．句意：我观察了他们一会儿。
they他们，是主格形式；them他们，是宾格形式；their他们的，是形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的（东西），是名词性物主代词。作为动词“watch”的宾语，用宾格形式，故选B。
65．句意：我发现父母不仅带着那个男孩去吃牛排，而且把它当成一个学习的过程。
learn学习，是动词原形；learns学习，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；to learn学习，是动词不定式；learning学习，是动名词或现在分词。作为介词“of”的宾语，用动名词，故选D。
66．句意：父母教孩子如何使用刀叉，并告诉他一些餐桌礼仪。
how 如何；what什么；why为什么；whose谁的。根据“told him some table manners”可知，告诉他餐桌礼仪，因此是在教他如何使用刀叉，故选A。
67．句意：我想成为这一家人的好朋友。
become成为，是动词原形；becoming成为，是现在分词或动名词；to become成为，是动词不定式；becomes成为，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。would like to do sth“想要做某事”，空处使用动词不定式，故选C。
68．句意：然后我走过去，礼貌地问：“我可以请你们每人喝杯咖啡吗？”
polite有礼貌的，是形容词；politeness礼貌，是名词；politely有礼貌地，是副词；politer更有礼貌的，是形容词。修饰动词“asked”用副词，故选C。
69．句意：然后我走过去，礼貌地问：“我可以请你们每人喝杯咖啡吗？”
May可以；Must必须；Need需要；Should应该。根据后文的“They accepted my coffee with a smile.”可知，他们接受了我的咖啡，因此表示我请他们喝咖啡，用May I... “我可以……吗？”，故选A。
70．句意：老实说，我们很穷，所以我们根本买不起任何昂贵的食物。
but但是；or或者；because因为；so所以。结合句意，前半句表示我们非常穷，后半句表示我们买不起任何昂贵的食物，后半句表示结果，用连词“so”引导，故选D。
71．句意：他生活在一个贫穷的家庭，但我相信他将在未来取得巨大的成功。
achieves完成，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；has achieved完成，是现在完成时；achieved完成，是一般过去时；will achieve完成，是一般将来时。根据“in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时，故选D。
72．句意：我们希望我们的孩子成为一个既尊重自己又尊重他人的人。
who引导定语从句，修饰人；which引导定语从句，修饰事物；when引导定语从句，修饰时间；where引导定语从句，修饰地点。先行词为“person”，表示人，因此用who引导定语从句，故选A。
73．句意：我们成了朋友，相处得很好。
of……的；with和……在一起；from来自；in在……里。get on well with sb“和某人相处得好”，故选B。
74．句意：后来，孩子取得了很大的进步，他成功了。
makes做出，是一般现在时；made做出，是一般过去时；has made做出，是现在完成时；was made被做出，是一般过去时的被动语态。根据“by the kid, and he succeeded”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
75．句意：我有幸喝了一杯他的咖啡，特别是在英国最豪华的餐厅。
expensive昂贵的；more expensive更昂贵的；the most expensive最昂贵的，定冠词+形容词最高级；most expensive最昂贵的。根据“in England”可知，比较范围在三者以上，因此用最高级，形容词的最高级前用定冠词the修饰，故选C。
（2024·广东佛山·一模）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Liang Kaiyu lost his leg because of an accident. However, 76 an engineer, Liang Kaiyu believes that what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. He 77 a customized artificial limb (定制假肢). He used his engineering skills 78 the artificial limb more comfortable and powerful.
“I have got over 79 moment in my life. My artificial limb is now a part of me, which makes me stand out from other people,” said Liang.
Liang has become popular for sharing 80 designs on the Internet. And many people 81 by his confidence and courage. So far. his story has got more than 21 million views on a short video App. Many users call him “Iron Leg Man”.
“ 82 confident man you are,” a user said.
“I hope my videos can be encouraging for people going through hard times,” Liang said. “ 83 there are millions of people in the world who have lost their legs or arms, people with an artificial limb are still unusual on the street. My videos may 84 encourage them.”
“I also want to let more disabled men know about these high-tech artificial limbs. 85 only thing is that they are expensive for most families,” Liang said.
“If there is a good chance, I want to make high-tech artificial limbs affordable to more disabled men.”
76．A．as B．about C．with
77．A．develop B．developed C．will develop
78．A．make B．making C．to make
79．A．dark B．darker C．the darkest
80．A．he B．him C．his
81．A．are moved B．moved C．were moving
82．A．How B．What a C．What an
83．A．If B．Although C．When
84．A．strong B．strongly C．strength
85．A．The B．An C．A
【答案】
76．A 77．B 78．C 79．C 80．C 81．A 82．B 83．B 84．B 85．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了残障小伙梁开宇自强不息的故事。
76．句意：然而，作为一名工程师，梁开宇认为，那些杀不死你的，会让你更强大。
as作为；about关于；with具有。根据“an engineer”可知，此处说的是梁开宇的职业。故选A。
77．句意：他开发了一种定制的假肢。
develop开放，动词原形；developed动词过去式；will develop一般将来时。根据“He used his engineering skills”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故选B。
78．句意：他利用自己的工程技术使假肢更加舒适和有力。
make制造，动词原形；making动名词或现在分词；to make制造。根据“the artificial limb more comfortable and powerful”可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故选C。
79．句意：我已经度过了生命中最黑暗的时刻。
dark黑暗的，形容词原级；darker比较级；the darkest最高级。根据“I have got over...moment in my life.”可知，梁已经度过了生命中最黑暗的时刻。故选C。
80．句意：梁因在网上分享他的设计而走红。
he他，主格；him宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词。根据“designs”可知，此处指“他的设计”，应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。
81．句意：许多人被他的自信和勇气所感动。
are moved一般现在时的被动语态；moved一般过去时；were moving过去进行时。根据“by his confidence and courage”可知，此处要用被动语态。故选A。
82．句意：你真是个自信的男人！
How如何，后接形容词；What a后接名词，用于辅音音素前；What an后接名词，用于元音音素前。根据“confident man”可知，此处为“how + adj. + n. +主谓!”结构的感叹句。故选B。
83．句意：尽管世界上有数以百万计的人失去了双腿或手臂，但在街上，拥有假肢的人仍然很少见。
If如果；Although尽管；When何时。根据“there are millions of people in the world who have lost their legs or arms, people with an artificial limb are still unusual on the street.”可知，此处应用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。
84．句意：我的视频可能会强烈鼓励他们。
strong形容词；strongly副词；strength名词。此处应用副词修饰动词encourage“鼓励”。故选B。
85．句意：唯一的问题是，对大多数家庭来说，它们太贵了。
The定冠词；An不定冠词，用于元音音素前； A不定冠词，用于辅音音素前。根据“only thing is that they are expensive for most families”可知，此处指唯一的难题，应用定冠词the表示特指。故选A。
（2023·广东珠海·三模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目的选项涂黑。
When millions of graduates left university and became busy finding a job, 23-year-old Yu Yanqia of Lisu ethnic group（傈僳族）, graduating from Kunming Medical University, had already made 86 decision to serve as a local medical worker in her hometown. “The moment I became a college student, I decided to work 87 my hometown,” she said.
Back in 2007, 88 Yu was a little girl, the Nujiang River in her hometown separated her village from the outside world. Like other people living here, the 8-year-old girl and her friends had to use a pulley（滑轮） 89 the river down a steel cable（钢索）to get to school every day. One day, a photo on the Internet 90 showed her crossing the river in red brought her great attention. Then, the first bridge 91 over the Nujiang River, near her school. From then on, Yu and her classmates no 92 had to risk their lives to go to school. In 2018, Yu 93 entered the Second Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University with a score of 568 points. She became 94 first child in her village to enter college.
While Yu was on the road to further study, great changes took place in her hometown. New 95 were built on the riverside, roads led to the villages and more modern bridges opened to the traffic.
86．A．she B．her C．hers
87．A．in B．on C．by
88．A．when B．because C．until
89．A．cross B．to cross C．crossing
90．A．where B．that C．what
91．A．is built B．is building C．was built
92．A．long B．longer C．longest
93．A．successfully B．succeed C．successful
94．A．a B．an C．the
95．A．house B．houses C．house’s
【答案】
86．B 87．A 88．A 89．B 90．B 91．C 92．B 93．A 94．C 95．B
【导语】本文讲述了来自傈僳族的女大学生毕业回乡工作的事，文章展现了她的家乡的巨大变化。
86．句意：当数以百万计的毕业生离开大学，忙着找工作时，来自傈僳族23岁的俞艳霞，毕业于昆明医科大学，已经决定在家乡做一名当地的医务工作者。
she她，人称代词主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。由句中“to serve as a local medical worker in her hometown”可知，此句是说她已做出了决定，make one’s decision“做出决定”，应用形容词性物主代词her代替one’s，故选B。
87．句意：“从我成为大学生的那一刻起，我就决定回家乡工作，”她说。
in在……里；on在……上面；by通过。由句中“my hometown”知，此句是说在家乡工作，故选A。
88．句意：回到2007年，当俞还是个小女孩的时候，她家乡的怒江将她的村庄与外界隔开。
when当……的时候；because因为；until直到。由句中“Yu was a little girl”知，此句是说当俞还是个小女孩的时候，故选A。
89．句意：和其他住在这里的人一样，这个8岁的女孩和她的朋友们每天都要用滑轮沿着钢索过河去上学。
cross横穿，动词；to cross横穿，为动词不定式；crossing横穿，为cross的现在分词。由句中“use a pulley”知，此句是说用滑轮过河，use...to do sth.“使用……做某事”，故选B。
90．句意：一天，网上一张她穿着红色衣服过河的照片引起了她的极大关注。
where引导定语从句时，先行词为表地点的名词，在从句中作状语；that引导定语从句时，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what引导宾语从句。本句是定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，用关系词that引导。故选B。
91．句意：然后，在怒江上建了第一座桥，就在她的学校附近。
is built一般现在时的被动语态，表示被修建；is building现在进行时，表示正在修建；was built一般过去时的被动语态。句中主语“the first bridge”和谓语动词build构成动宾关系，应用被动语态，由句中“then”知，用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were+过去分词”，故选C。
92．句意：从那时起，俞和她的同学们再也不用冒着生命危险去上学了。
long长的，形容词，原级；longer更长的，为比较级；longest最长的，为最高级。由前句“the first bridge...over the Nujiang River”知，此句是说俞和同学们不用冒着生命危险去上学了，no longer“不再”，故选B。
93．句意：在2018年，她以568分的成绩顺利进入昆明医科大学第二临床医学院学习。
successfully成功地，副词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。由句中“entered”知，此处用副词修饰 ，故选A。
94．句意：她成了村里第一个上大学的孩子。
a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。由句中“first”知，此处是说她是村里第一个上大学的，序数词与定冠词连用，故选C。
95．句意：新房子建在河边，道路通往村庄，更多的现代化桥梁已经通车。
house房子，单数名词；houses房子，复数名词；house’s房子的，为house的所有格。由句中“were built”知，此句是说房子被修建，由句意知用复数形式，故选B。
（2023·广东广州·中考真题）
It was a beautiful spring day in a forest in ancient China. High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching 96 six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 97 last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one 98 Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough 99 the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. Little Six ate 100 food, so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.
Little Six didn’t have a strong body. 101 he had a strong will. He decided 102 he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.
Every morning, Little Six would rise 103 the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. Morning after morning, he practiced 104 his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. He always got the first worms Mama brought back home.
All through the spring, Little Six woke up 105 than his brothers and sisters. Week after week, he worked harder than they did. He 106 eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.
After a couple of months, all the baby birds had grown well. Mama Bird brought them together and 107 them to fly. 108 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
“Chirp! Chirp! 109 at me!” Little Six cried 110 while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up.
96．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself
97．A．a B．an C．the D．/
98．A．called B．was calling C．was called D．were called
99．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get
100．A．little B．few C．much D．many
101．A．and B．but C．because D．so
102．A．what B．why C．when D．that
103．A．before B．after C．until D．if
104．A．flap B．to flap C．flapping D．flapped
105．A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest
106．A．could B．might C．should D．must
107．A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach
108．A．In B．To C．For D．At
109．A．Look B．Looks C．To look D．Looking
110．A．happy B．happier C．happiness D．happily
【答案】
96．B 97．C 98．C 99．D 100．A 101．B 102．D 103．A 104．C 105．B 106．A 107．C 108．B 109．A 110．D
【导语】本文主要讲一只小鸟出生就比其他鸟脆弱，后来经过自己不断的努力让自己变得强壮，再也没有挨饿并第一个学会飞翔的故事。
96．句意：在一棵高高的树上，一只鸟妈妈正慈爱地看着她的六个鸟宝宝从鸟蛋里孵出来。
she她；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己。空处修饰“six baby birds”应用形容词性物主代词，故选B。
97．句意：但是最后一只鸟出来了，并没有那么强壮。
a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指。a用在辅音音素前；an用在元音音素前。the是定冠词，表示特指。此处特指最后一只鸟，用the。故选C。
98．句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。
called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。
99．句意：他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。
get得到，动词原形；got过去式；getting现在分词；to get不定式。enough+to do“足够……去做某事”。故选D。
100．句意：小六几乎没有吃到了一点食物，所以他总是很饿。
little很少，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词。根据“so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.”可知很饿应是没有吃到食物，修饰food，应用little。故选A。
101．句意：小六没有一个强壮的身体，但是他有一个强大的意志。
and并且；but但是；because因为；so因此。根据“Little Six didn’t have a strong body....he had a strong will.”可知前后是转折关系，故选B。
102．句意：他决心变得更强壮。
what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would get stronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。
103．句意：每天早上小六赶在太阳升起之前起来。
before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；if如果。根据“...the sun even came up.”可知是在太阳升起之前起来。故选A。
104．句意：每天早上，日复一日，他练习拍打他的翅膀，并且它们变得越来越强壮了。
flap拍打，动词原形；to flap不定式；flapping现在分词；flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced doing sth“练习做某事”。故选C。
105．句意：整个春天，小六比其他的哥哥姐姐们醒来的更早。
early早，副词原形；earlier比较级；earliest最高级；the earliest最高级。根据“than his brothers and sisters.”可知是比较级，故选B。
106．句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。
could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“...eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。
107．句意：鸟妈妈把他们放到一起，并教他们飞翔。
teach教；teaches三单形式；taught过去式；will teach一般将来时。根据“brought”可知时态是过去式。故选C。
108．句意：令每只鸟都吃惊的是，小六是第一个开始飞的。
In在……里面；To到；For为了；At在。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故选B。
109．句意：“吱吱！吱吱！看我” 小六开心地叫道。
Look看，动词原形；Looks三单形式；To look不定式；Looking现在分词。此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
110．句意：小六开心地叫道，而他的哥哥姐姐们还仍然在努力的尝试着来飞翔。
happy开心的，形容词原级；happier更开心的，比较级；happiness名词；happily开心地，副词。空处修饰cried用副词形式，故选D。
（2023·广东·中考真题）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
David is a 15-year-old boy and he is crazy about space. He always wonders how space stations work. For him, a space camp is 111 than any other camp in the world.
At the age of seven, David had 112 first astronaut (宇航员) training experience. He and his parents 113 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel 114 space. Everything was magical. 115 excited David was!
David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to 116 new space camp. It had a lot of fun training programs, 117 he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked 118 he liked space camps so much. “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need 119 the earth,” he said.
These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 120 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future.
111．A．great B．greater C．the greatest
112．A．he B．him C．his
113．A．invited B．are invited C．were invited
114．A．on B．in C．for
115．A．How B．What C．What an
116．A．a B．an C．the
117．A．or B．but C．and
118．A．why B．when C．where
119．A．leave B．leaving C．to leave
120．A．study B．is studying C．was studying
【答案】
111．B 112．C 113．C 114．B 115．A 116．A 117．C 118．A 119．C 120．B
【导语】本文讲述了15岁男孩大卫对太空营以及空间科学的热爱。
111．句意：对他来说，太空营比世界上任何其他野营都好。
great极好的，形容词原级；greater比较级；the greatest最高级。根据“than any other camp”可知，than前用比较级。故选B。
112．句意：七岁时，大卫有了他的第一次宇航员训练经历。
he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词。修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”经历。故选C。
113．句意：他和他的父母被邀请参加一个家庭太空营。
invited邀请，过去式/过去分词；are invited一般现在时的被动语态；were invited一般过去时的被动语态。根据“At the age of seven”可知，时态为一般过去时，他和父母是被邀请去参加太空营的，用被动语态。故选C。
114．句意：他们尝到了在太空旅行的滋味。
on在……上；in在……里面；for为了。(travel) in space“在太空（旅行）”，固定短语。故选B。
115．句意：大卫多么激动啊！
How多么，修饰形容词/副词；What多么，修饰名词；What an多么，修饰可数名词单数。感叹句中心词是形容词“excited”，用how引导。故选A。
116．句意：上个月，他去了一个新的太空营。
a一个，后接辅音音素开头的词；an一个，后接元音音素开头的词；the这/那个，特指。泛指一个新的太空营，且new以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。
117．句意：那里有很多有趣的训练项目，他很喜欢。
or或者；but但是；and和，并且。前后句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。
118．句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。
why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。
119．句意：在太空营里，我感觉自己就像一个真正的宇航员，我甚至不需要离开地球。
leave离开，动词原形；leaving现在分词/动名词；to leave动词不定式。根据“don’t”可知，此处need是实义动词，后接动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
120．句意：现在大卫正在学习空间科学。
study学习，动词原形；is studying现在进行时；was studying过去进行时。根据“Now”可知，表示现阶段他正在学习空间科学，用现在进行时。故选B。
（2023·陕西·中考真题）
Dear Helen Keller,
My name is Amelia Grant. I live in a small city. There, my father has an oil factory. At the age of eight, something terrible happened while I 121 playing near an oil well. It made me lose most of my hearing.
A lot has changed for me 122 then. For one thing, I cannot hear music like before. I used to love listening to my mother sing songs. When I first lost my hearing, I was sad that I 123 never again hear my mother sing. But now I put my ear to her chest 124 the vibrations（震动）of her voice. Now, I feel music instead of hearing it.
Also, I have to go to 125 different school in another city—Texas School for the Deaf. It is over 300 kilometers away from my hometown. The teachers there are kind, 126 I can only see my parents during holidays. I miss them very much.
During 127 last winter holiday, my daddy gave me a book you wrote, The Story of My Life. From it, I learned a lot about you. When you first became deaf and blind, you had a hard time showing people 128 . Because of this, you would sometimes get mad and make 129 noises. Now I know your feelings and I 130 by your book. I’m going to write to you in a few days to tell you more.
Yours,
Amelia Grant
121．A．is B．are C．were D．was
122．A．since B．at C．until D．by
123．A．can B．could C．have to D．had to
124．A．feel B．to feel C．hear D．to hear
125．A．a B．an C．the D．/
126．A．because B．if C．but D．or
127．A．we B．us C．our D．ours
128．A．what do you want B．what you want C．what did you want D．what you wanted
129．A．loudest B．most loudly C．loud D．loudly
130．A．am encouraged B．will be encouraged C．encourage D．will encourage
【答案】
121．D 122．A 123．B 124．B 125．A 126．C 127．C 128．D 129．C 130．A
【导语】本文是Amelia写给Helen的一封信，讲述了自己刚开始失去听力时很难过，后来上了一所聋哑学校，老师很善良，但是不能经常见到父母。在寒假的时候，看到了Helen的书而受到了鼓励。
121．句意：八岁的时候，当我在油井附近玩耍时，发生了一件可怕的事情。
is主语是单数形式；are主语是第二人称you和复数形式；were主语是第二人称you和复数形式，过去式；was主语是单数形式，过去式。根据“happened”及“playing”可知，此处是过去进行时，主语I是第一人称，助动词用was，故选D。
122．句意：从那以后，我改变了很多。
since自从；at在；until直到；by通过。since then“自从那时起”，与现在完成时连用，故选A。
123．句意：当我第一次失去听力时，我很伤心，因为我再也听不到妈妈唱歌了。
can能够；could可以；have to不得不；had to不得不，过去式。根据“I was sad that I… never again hear my mother sing”可知，不可以再听到妈妈唱歌了，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故选B。
124．句意：但现在我把耳朵贴在她的胸前，感受她声音的震动。
feel感觉，动词原形；to feel感觉，动词不定式；hear听见，动词原形；to hear听见，动词不定式。根据“I put my ear to her chest … the vibrations（震动）of her voice”可知，把耳朵贴在胸前的目的是为了感受妈妈的声音震动，故选B。
125．句意：另外，我还得去另一个城市的另一所学校——德克萨斯聋人学校。
a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词；the这个/那个；/不填。此处表示泛指，且different是以辅音音素开头的，故选A。
126．句意：那里的老师很好，但是我只能在假期里见到我的父母。
because因为；if如果；but但是；or或者。空格前后是转折关系，用but连接，故选C。
127．句意：上个寒假，爸爸给了我一本你写的书The Story of My Life。
we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。此空修饰名词“winter holiday”，应填形容词性物主代词，故选C。
128．句意：当你第一次变得又聋又瞎的时候，你很难向人们展示你想要的东西。
what do you want疑问语序；what you want陈述语序，一般现在时；what did you want疑问语序，一般过去时；what you wanted陈述语序，一般过去时。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序。根据had可知，从句也用一般过去时，故选D。
129．句意：正因为如此，你有时会生气，发出很大的声音。
loudest最大声的；most loudly最大声地；loud大声的；loudly大声地。此空修饰名词noises，应填形容词，无比较之意，故选C。
130．句意：现在我了解了你的感受，你的书给了我鼓励。
am encouraged一般现在时被动语态；will be encouraged一般将来时被动语态；encourage动词原形；will encourage一般将来时。根据“by your book”可知，此处用被动语态，结合Now可知，此处用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。
（2023·重庆·中考真题）
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
Dear Jennet,
How is everything going
After a week 131 Guangdong, Eric and I arrived in Hainan. However, 132 didn’t enjoy ourselves after getting here. On the first day, my bag 133 at the airport. It took us two hours to get it back. On the second day, I told Eric 134 an umbrella before going to the beach, but he forgot it. By the end of the day, he got terribly sunburned. He felt very painful and couldn’t fall 135 . So we had to go to hospital. When we returned to the hotel, it was already 2 a.m. 136 a bad day it was! Now, he regrets 137 he didn’t listen to me.
Today, we are going to 138 famous restaurant to try some seafood. It’s said that the restaurant 139 free drinks for customers since it opened in 1997. I will take some 140 of the dishes to share with you.
I have to go now. Eric is asking for me. Write soon.
Love,
Minmin
131．A．in B．on C．at
132．A．we B．he C．I
133．A．leaves B．left C．was left
134．A．take B．takes C．to take
135．A．asleep B．sleepy C．sleeping
136．A．Why B．How C．What
137．A．if B．that C．which
138．A．the B．a C．an
139．A．provides B．provided C．has provided
140．A．picture B．pictures C．picture’s
【答案】
131．A 132．A 133．C 134．C 135．A 136．C 137．B 138．B 139．C 140．B
【导语】本文是Minmin写信给Jennet，讲述自己和Eric在海南的糟糕经历。
131．句意：在广东待了一个星期后，我和Eric来到了海南。
in在里面，后接大地点；on在上面；at在，后接小地点。Guangdong是大地点，故选A。
132．句意：然而，我们到这里后并没有玩得开心。
we我们；he他；I我。根据“ourselves”可知，此空应填主语we，故选A。
133．句意：第一天，我的包落在机场了。
leaves动词三单；left动词过去式；was left一般过去时被动语态。描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，主语bag与动词leave之间是被动关系，故选C。
134．句意：第二天，我告诉Eric去海滩前带把伞，但他忘了带。
take动词原形；takes动词三单；to take动词不定式。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故选C。
135．句意：他感到很痛，无法入睡。
asleep睡着的；sleepy昏昏欲睡的；sleeping睡觉。fall asleep“睡着”，故选A。
136．句意：多么糟糕的一天啊！
Why为什么；How怎样；What什么。此句是感叹句，中心词day是名词的单数形式，用what引导的感叹句结构“what+a+形容词+名词单数形式”，故选C。
137．句意：现在，他后悔当初没听我的话。
if如果/是否；that引导从句无实际意义；which哪一个。分析句子结构可知，空格后是一个宾语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，用that引导宾语从句，故选B。
138．句意：今天，我们要去一家著名的餐厅品尝海鲜。
the特指；a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前。此处表示泛指，且famous是以辅音音素开头的，故选B。
139．句意：据说这家餐厅自1997年开业以来一直为顾客提供免费饮料。
provides动词三单；provided动词过去式；has provided现在完成时。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时，故选C。
140．句意：我会拍一些菜的照片分享给你。
picture照片，单数形式；pictures照片，复数形式；picture’s照片的。take pictures“拍照”，根据some可知，此空应填复数形式，故选B。
（2022·广东·中考真题）
Wang Yiyi is an excellent Beijing Opera (京剧) artist. She was born and raised 141 village in Hebei province. She loved singing and dancing 142 she was a little girl. She was her music 143 favorite student. One day, the teacher told her 144 a test. If she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
Wang Yiyi passed the test 145 and became a student of that school. She worked 146 . Students in the school 147 to get up at 6:45 a.m. to practice their basic skills. But she got up at 6:00 in the morning. And she was always the last one to go to bed. Sometimes she was tired that she felt like crying, she would find 148 quiet place and cried aloud. She 149 herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing…
Years went by. Finally, 150 hard work paid off. She got into her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
141．A．in B．for C．with
142．A．if B．when C．because
143．A．teacher B．teachers C．teacher’s
144．A．take B．to take C．taking
145．A．success B．successful C．successfully
146．A．hard B．harder C．the hardest
147．A．ask B．asked C．were asked
148．A．a B．an C．the
149．A．tell B．tells C．told
150．A．she B．her C．hers
【答案】
141．A 142．B 143．C 144．B 145．C 146．A 147．C 148．A 149．C 150．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍一个勤奋的女孩王一一，她的努力得到了回报。
141．句意：她出生在河北省的一个农村，并在那里长大。
in在……中；for为了；with和。根据“She was born and raised...village in Hebei province.”可知，出生在河北省的一个农村，用介词in，故选A。
142．句意：当她还是个小女孩的时候，她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。
if如果；when当……时；because因为。根据“She loved singing and dancing...she was a little girl.”可知，当她还是个小女孩的时候就喜欢唱歌和跳舞了，用when引导时间状语从句，故选B。
143．句意：她是音乐老师最喜欢的学生。
teacher名词单数；teachers名词复数；teacher’s名词单数的所有格。音乐老师是一个人，此处作定语修饰“student”，所以用名词单数的所有格，故选C。
144．句意：一天，老师让她参加一个测试。
take动词原形；to take动词不定式；taking动名词/现在分词。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，故选B。
145．句意：王一一顺利通过了考试，成为了那所学校的一名学生。
success名词；successful形容词；successfully副词。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故选C。
146．句意：她学习很努力。
hard原级；harder比较级；the hardest最高级。work hard“努力工作、学习”，此处无比较含义，故选A。
147．句意：学校要求学生早上6点45分起床练习基本功，但她早上6点就起床了。
ask一般现在时；asked一般过去时；were asked一般过去时的被动语态。主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
148．句意：有时她累得想哭，就找个安静的地方放声大哭。
a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指。此处泛指一个地方，“quiet”首字母发辅音音素，故选A。
149．句意：她告诉自己，她还有很长的路要走，她应该继续练习。
tell动词原形；tells动词三单；told动词过去式。时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选C。
150．句意：最后，她的努力得到了回报。
she她，主格；her她，宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。此处作定语修饰“hard work”，用形容词性物主代词形式，故选B。
（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of 151 , I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob, I put 152 beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of 153 fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I 154 at school.
However, 155 a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me 156 it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew 157 to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach 158 into the tank and take the house away. 159 I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot 160 than I thought.
“ That’s smelly! ” I said. “ Let’s hurry up and 161 the fish out of the water, Dad! ”
“ Not so fast, Ben, ” Dad said. “ We need to save some of the old water, 162 Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. ”
“ Why ” I asked.
“ Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish, ” Dad explained. “ That 163 we can’t put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with 164 of the dirty water for a while. ” …
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 165 .
151．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
152．A．a B．an C．the D．/
153．A．other B．others C．the other D．the others
154．A．am B．was C．were D．will be
155．A．before B．for C．after D．during
156．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．to bring
157．A．where B．what C．how D．why
158．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
159．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though
160．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
161．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting
162．A．so B．or C．because D．but
163．A．mean B．means C．meant D．is meaning
164．A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
165．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
【答案】
151．D 152．A 153．A 154．B 155．C 156．D 157．B 158．C 159．C 160．B 161．A 162．C 163．B 164．D 165．D
【导语】本文介绍了作者9岁时喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。
151．句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。
save节省，攒钱，原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据“of”可知，介词后跟动名词。故选D。
152．句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。
a一个，用在辅音音素词前；an一个，用在元音音素词前；the指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/不填。根据“beautiful toy”可知，此处表泛指，beautiful以辅音音素开头，使用a。故选A。
153．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
other其他的；others其他人（物）；the other两者的另一个；the others特指剩余的其他人（物）。根据“fish and sea plants”可知，此处使用other，后跟名词复数。故选A。
154．句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
am第一人称单数现在时；was第一和第三人称单数过去式；were复数和第二人称单数过去式；will be一般将来时。根据“so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I …at school.”可知，此处使用动词过去式，主语为I，使用was。故选B。
155．句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。
before在……之前；for持续一段时间；after在……之后；during在……期间。根据“I noticed that the tank was getting dirty.”可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故选C。
156．句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。
bring带来，带……到某处，原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式；to bring动词不定式。根据“My dad asked me”可知，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，故选D。
157．句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。
where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“knew…to do ”可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，使用what，what to do“做什么”，故选B。
158．句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。
care关心；careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据“reach”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，故选C。
159．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
If如果；Unless除非；When当……时；Though虽然。根据“…I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处指当我……时，使用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。
160．句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级；dirtiest最高级；the dirtiest定冠词the+最高级。根据“I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处使用形容词的比较级，故选B。
161．句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！
get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据“Let’s hurry up and”可知，let sb do“让某人做”，故选A。
162．句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。
so因此；or或者；because因为；but但是。根据“Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.”可知，此处空后为原因，使用because，故选C。
163．句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。
mean意思是，原形；means第三人称单数；meant过去式；is meaning现在进行时。根据“Instead, we need to put him in a cup”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数，使用动词第三人称单数，故选B。
164．句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。
few几乎没有；a few一些；little几乎没有；a little一点。根据“of the dirty water”可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用a little，故选D。
165．句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。
me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“by”可知，by oneself“独自”，故选D。专题17 语法选择
【题型解读】
语法选择题与完形填空题类似，给出一篇短文，将短文中的一些单词或短语挖空作为考点。旨在考查学生在实际语言中运用语法知识的能力，着重在语篇的层面考查学生的语法分析能力，强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确运用。
题型特点如下：
1．选用材料一般为250词左右，多为记叙文，故事性比较强。
2．考查形式是在一篇留有10个空的短文中，要求考生按照语法规则和上下文选择正确答案，每空1分，共10分。
3．因为有特定的语境，因而难度不大，中考难度大约在0.55左右。
4．通常情况下，语法选择的考查内容主要包括以下方面：名词、代词、数词、介词、连词、形容词和副词、冠词、情态动词、时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、词语辨析、宾语从句、定语从句和感叹句。对定语从句知识点的考查，中考难度不会偏离课本的要求，即只要求能辨认出由that，which，who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子的意思。因此不要求盲目拔高定语从句的难度。
【解题技巧】
1.语境考虑法。
单项填空题多为截取的生活场景,句式灵活,用词地道,用语言来解决实际生活中的问题。做题时一定要全面捕捉题干信息,把握好语言环境,切中句子意思,抓住上下文语境,领会句子的言外之意,然后对各个选项进行比较筛选,从中确定最佳答案。
2.固定搭配法。
单项填空题常会涉及一些固定短语、固定结构及习惯用法等,对此类题我们可以在理解句意的基础上,根据习惯表达方式直接选出答案。例如:
Every one of you is looking forward getting a good result. Better think carefully before writing down your answers. Wish yousuccess ！
A. on B. in C. to D. for
答案分析:C。句意:你们每个人都期盼有一个好的结果。在写答案前想清楚比较好。祝你们成功! look forward to doing sth.意为“期盼做某事”,是固定词组。
3.关键词法。
有些单项填空题在题干中含有或暗含一些关键词,它们对于快速而准确地选出答案起着至关重要的作用。抓住这些关键词去理解句意,往往会使我们的问题迎刃而解。例如:
He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ？
A. doesn't he B. didn't he C. did he D. does he
答案分析:C。该題中 hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的词。反意疑问句中,陈述部分含有 hardly, never, little,,few等表示否定意义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加-s,应为过去式。因此本题应选C项。
4.比较法。
运用所学的语法知识,认真比较四个选项,对其进行时态、语态、语气、非谓语形式及同义词比较后,选出正确答案。例如:
The famous man in china for ten years.
A died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
答案分析:C。由 for ten years可以断定要用现在完成时。died和 was dead是一般过去时,因此排除A、B两项。de是非延续性动词,在完成时中与表示一段时间的词连用时,必须转化为延续性动词形式 be dead。
5.逻辑推理法
有的题目从语法上看并没有错,但句意不合逻辑。因此,做此类题时,就需要根据逻辑推理来选出正确答案。例如
There are people in the street because it is very late.
A. a little B. little C.few D. a few
答案分析:C。 a little和 little不能用来修饰 people,因此排除A、B两项。few和a few都可以修饰 people,但D项在意思上不合逻辑。故答案为C项。
6.前后照应法。
此法要求答题前首先弄清题干的真正意思,然后根据备选项与题干的上下联系,捕捉暗含的信息,前后照应,最后选出正确答案。例如:
Mr. Gan is a teacher. He works in a new .
A shop B.school C. factory D. hospital
答案分析:B。如果我们不看题干的一部分,四个选项均可但根据题干的前平句“高先生是一位教师”,即可确定答案为B项。
7.排除法
排除法是使用频率最高的方法之一。此种方法是指在理解句意的基础上结合句子结构词语用法等逐个排除错误的选项,从而得出正确答案。例如:
—Would you like some drinks, boys
—yes, ,please.
A .some oranges B. two boxes of apples C. some cakes D. two bottles of coke
答案分析:D。句意:“孩子们,想来点喝的吗 ”“是的,请来两瓶可乐。”问句询问是否需要喝的,而 oranges, apples, cakes均为吃的东西,故可排除AB、C三项。
【Tips】
①正确把握语境：当我们孤立地看留空格时往往难以抉择，但将上下句联系起来，就能轻松破题。因此，做语法选择时要正确把握语境。
②记住固定搭配：同学们在平时需要注意积累常见的固定句式、名词与形容词的搭配等等，这对解题十分有利。
③分析句子逻辑：根据复合句和并列句的知识，句子与句子之间有着不同的逻辑关系，或是从属关系，或是并列关系。
从句子的意义和逻辑关系来看，从句可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、目的等，句子之间可以是并列关系、递进关系、转折关系等。
④利用对称结构：同学们在做题过程中要善于利用 and，but 等连词。若连接的是动词，则几个动词应该是同一时态或形式。
（2024·广东珠海·一模）
通读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
My neighbor Uncle Wang works in a park as a cleaner. He has worked there for more than 10 years. He is also known 1 a kind-hearted person in our neighborhood. Nothing can make him 2 than helping others when they are in trouble.
Last Sunday morning, Uncle Wang was cleaning the park. Suddenly, he heard a woman 3 for help. He ran up quickly to see what happened. The woman’s 16-month-old baby girl choked (噎住) on a small piece of apple 4 her face turned purple. The baby was too young to save 5 . And the mother was nervous, too. She didn’t know 6 to do to help her daughter properly. Luckily, Uncle Wang had ever taken part in courses dealing with such situation. He took the baby in his arms without thinking twice. With the 7 help, Uncle Wang held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting 8 piece of apple out of her mouth. To everyone’s delight (高兴), the baby 9 ! The mother was so thankful that she cried with joy. She thanked Li Ping over and over again.
But in Uncle Wang’s mind, helping others 10 just helping himself. He hoped more people will volunteer to give a hand to those in need. With joint effort, the world could be more and more beautiful.
1．A．for B．to C．as
2．A．happy B．happier C．happiest
3．A．cries B．crying C．cried
4．A．and B．because C．but
5．A．she B．her C．herself
6．A．how B．what C．when
7．A．mother’s B．mothers’ C．mother
8．A．/ B．a C．the
9．A．saved B．is saved C．was saved
10．A．be B．is C．are
（2024·广东茂名·一模）
Katy is 11 actress and a player as well. She is a person who refuses 12 the words “no” or “I can’t”.
She was born without the lower half of her legs. She 13 prosthetic (假肢的) legs all her life since she was four. She had an active childhood. She kept up with her sisters and brothers at the gym and in the swimming pool. She feels lucky. Her family has treated her in the same way as the other members.
When a person is born without legs, there are lots of things that are difficult to do. But Katy believes she can do 14 . She chose to do two things that are difficult even with both legs.
As a teenager, she saw a movie that was very 15 to her. Before it was over, Katy had made her mind up to be an actress.
She got a degree in theater 16 then she played roles in theater, television and movies. She thinks that if you believe you can do something, you should go for it. So when Katy’s friend asked her whether 17 to try running, she said “yes”. She 18 a pair of running legs and started running.
Katy was the first person 19 the world with two prosthetic legs to take up running as a competitive sport.
Katy has a 20 will than many other people. Her family, friends and fans look up to her as an example of someone who has got over difficulties and achieved her dreams.
11．A．a B．an C．the
12．A．use B．using C．to use
13．A．has worn B．wore C．wears
14．A．something B．anything C．nothing
15．A．meaningful B．meaningfully C．meaning
16．A．or B．and C．but
17．A．did she want B．she wants C．she wanted
18．A．gave B．is given C．was given
19．A．in B．on C．from
20．A．strongest B．stronger C．strong
（2024·广东韶关·一模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
New Year was coming. One day, 21 my way home from school, a lady gave me a piece of paper saying that the neighborhood was asking people to give New Year gifts to those 22 needed them. When I got home, I showed my mother 23 paper and said that I wanted to take part in the plan. My mother agreed and encouraged me to offer 24 to others. She said we would become “Neighborhood Angels.”
Several days later, my mother 25 me to the town center. “I will drive you to Boots Department Store 26 something you think suitable for a neighborhood present.” she said. As we went into the store, my mother gave me $20 to pay for the gift. Then she left me alone to do the shopping. I was not used to buying things on my own. Everything seemed very strange and confusing to me, but I carried on. I asked 27 what I should buy and for whom. An idea quickly came to me. There was a poor boy in our neighborhood. I used to see him often without a jacket during the cold winter months. He 28 “Poor Ralph” by other boys. So I decided, then and there, to buy him a warm jacket.
As I paid for the jacket 29 , the assistant asked, “Is this for someone ” I said yes, and she wished me a Happy New Year. I felt as if I were a real “Neighborhood Angel.” 30 unforgettable experience!
21．A．on B．by C．with
22．A．which B．who C．whom
23．A．a B．an C．the
24．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly
25．A．drove B．will drive C．has driven
26．A．to buy B．buying C．bought
27．A．me B．myself C．mine
28．A．called B．has called C．was called
29．A．happily B．more happily C．most happily
30．A．How B．What a C．What an
（2024·广东湛江·一模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Recently, Chinese netizens (网民) gave likes to a 5-year-old boy from Henan Province, for his touching move. He 31 a hair cut for three years to help children with cancer (癌症).
In a video posted online, Guangnian showed 32 30-centimeter-long hair. He thought of this form of volunteering about three years ago when he watched 33 program about children with cancer, in which he knew many children lost their hair because of cancer.
After that, Guangnian decided 34 his hair long and give his hair to children who lost hair because of cancer. Nobody thought he was 35 at that time, as he was just a 3-year-old kid.
“ 36 my first day of school, I was mistaken for a girl by others. I told them I was a boy many times, 37 they still called me a girl, which made me upset,” Guangnian said. Though Guangnian 38 by others, he never thought of giving up.
“Sometimes I would envy (羡慕) my little 39 short hair because people could tell he is a boy from his look.” he said.
40 , Guangnian’s hair is long enough now. According to Guangnian’s mother, he could give his hair to people in need this summer.
31．A．doesn’t have B．hasn’t had C．haven’t had
32．A．he B．him C．his
33．A．a B．an C．the
34．A．grow B．growing C．to grow
35．A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious
36．A．On B．In C．At
37．A．and B．or C．but
38．A．laughed at B．is laughed at C．was laughed at
39．A．brother B．brother’s C．brothers’
40．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily
（2024·广东佛山·一模）
Before the Shenzhou-15 returned to Earth, Fei Junlong,an astronaut, sent a reply letter to a student named Tsering.
The 16-year-old boy comes from Tibet (西藏). He 41 at Beijing No. 80 High School now. Over 10,000 letters 42 to the astronauts, but they only sent one reply. Tsering was 43 of all!
In Tsering’s letter, he shared about Tibetan stories of the starry sky and 44 interest in learning about the sky. He also wrote about moving from Tibet to Beijing.
“I’m very happy to study in Beijing! I have many friends 45 we often chat about information technology,” Tsering wrote in 46 letter.
Tsering truly felt 47 about the achievements of Chinese aerospace (航空工业). In the future, he wants to study computer science at Tsinghua University. He wonders 48 he can reach for stars and make his dream come true.
In Fei’s reply, he shared his own experiences 49 Tsering. “The road to success is never smooth. Only 50 studying hard can dreams come true.” he said. He ended the letter by wishing success to Tsering and his classmates in their studies.
41．A．studied B．is studying C．will study
42．A．sent B．are sent C．were sent
43．A．lucky B．luckier C．the luckiest
44．A．he B．his C．him
45．A．but B．and C．so
46．A．a B．the C．\
47．A．excited B．exciting C．excitingly
48．A．what B．how C．that
49．A．encourage B．encouraging C．to encourage
50．A．by B．from C．with
（2024·广东中山·一模）
Is it going to snow That was the question Dana had kept asking her mother for the past two weeks. “I want 51 out my new skis Aunt Annie bought me for my birthday,” Dana told her mom.
Every year at this time, Dana and her family went to the mountains to their cabin (小木屋). 52 it was cold, they always had great fun skiing. The only problem this year was that there hadn’t been some snow. When Dana came home from school on Friday, she 53 a piece of good news—they were going on a ski trip. Hearing it at that moment, Dana thought it was 54 day of the week. “How can we ski without snow ” Dana asked in surprise.
“You’ll see,” said Mom. “We’re going water skiing.”
During the weekend, Dana and her family had a great time water skiing. It was 55 new sport, and it was really exciting. Time passed quickly and soon it was time for 56 to go back home. When they 57 home, they couldn’t believe their eyes. It was snowing! Everything they saw was by snow.
The next weekend, there was much snow that Dana and her family took a trip again. They packed their ski clothes and left for the cabin. Dana finally wore her new skis and even learned how to ski down a new hill. “ 58 great weekends these were!” Dana said 59 . “Not only did I go water skiing last weekend, I also got to try my new skis 60 Aunt Annie.”
51．A．to try B．trying C．tries
52．A．Unless B．If C．Although
53．A．was told B．is told C．told
54．A．happier B．the happiest C．happy
55．A．a B．an C．the
56．A．they B．them C．their
57．A．reach B．reached C．reaches
58．A．How B．What a C．What
59．A．excitedly B．exciting C．excited
60．A．with B．for C．from
（2024·广东广州·一模）
One day, I had a meal in 61 expensive restaurant. A young couple with a small boy ordered a piece of the cheapest beef steak. “Sir, anything else One piece is not enough for all of you!” The waiter said.
The dad was a little 62 . He said, “Thanks. It’s enough. We just want to bring the guy to have beef steak, and we 63 supper.”
I watch 64 for a while. I found that the parents not only took the boy to have beef steak, but also regarded as a process of 65 . The parents taught the kid 66 to use the knife and fork and told him some table manners.
I’d like 67 good friends with the family. Then I walked over and asked 68 . “ 69 I offer each of you a cup of coffee ” They accepted my coffee with a smile. We began to chat. “To be honest, we are very poor, 70 we can’t afford any expensive food at all. However, we have every confidence in our boy. He lives in a poor family, but I believe he 71 great success in the future. That’s why we teach him the good table manners,” said the dad. “We hope our kid can be a person 72 respects himself and others.”
We became friends and got on well 73 each other. Afterwards, great progress 74 by the kid, and he succeeded. And I have the honor to drink a cup of coffee from him, especially in 75 restaurant in England.
61．A．a B．an C．the D．/
62．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment
63．A．eat B．are eating C．have eaten D．will eat
64．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
65．A．learn B．learns C．to learn D．learning
66．A．how B．what C．why D．who
67．A．become B．becoming C．to become D．becomes
68．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer
69．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should
70．A．but B．or C．because D．so
71．A．achieves B．has achieved C．achieved D．will achieve
72．A．who B．which C．when D．where
73．A．of B．with C．from D．in
74．A．makes B．made C．has made D．was made
75．A．expensive B．more expensive C．the most expensive D．most expensive
（2024·广东佛山·一模）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Liang Kaiyu lost his leg because of an accident. However, 76 an engineer, Liang Kaiyu believes that what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. He 77 a customized artificial limb (定制假肢). He used his engineering skills 78 the artificial limb more comfortable and powerful.
“I have got over 79 moment in my life. My artificial limb is now a part of me, which makes me stand out from other people,” said Liang.
Liang has become popular for sharing 80 designs on the Internet. And many people 81 by his confidence and courage. So far. his story has got more than 21 million views on a short video App. Many users call him “Iron Leg Man”.
“ 82 confident man you are,” a user said.
“I hope my videos can be encouraging for people going through hard times,” Liang said. “ 83 there are millions of people in the world who have lost their legs or arms, people with an artificial limb are still unusual on the street. My videos may 84 encourage them.”
“I also want to let more disabled men know about these high-tech artificial limbs. 85 only thing is that they are expensive for most families,” Liang said.
“If there is a good chance, I want to make high-tech artificial limbs affordable to more disabled men.”
76．A．as B．about C．with
77．A．develop B．developed C．will develop
78．A．make B．making C．to make
79．A．dark B．darker C．the darkest
80．A．he B．him C．his
81．A．are moved B．moved C．were moving
82．A．How B．What a C．What an
83．A．If B．Although C．When
84．A．strong B．strongly C．strength
85．A．The B．An C．A
（2023·广东珠海·三模）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目的选项涂黑。
When millions of graduates left university and became busy finding a job, 23-year-old Yu Yanqia of Lisu ethnic group（傈僳族）, graduating from Kunming Medical University, had already made 86 decision to serve as a local medical worker in her hometown. “The moment I became a college student, I decided to work 87 my hometown,” she said.
Back in 2007, 88 Yu was a little girl, the Nujiang River in her hometown separated her village from the outside world. Like other people living here, the 8-year-old girl and her friends had to use a pulley（滑轮） 89 the river down a steel cable（钢索）to get to school every day. One day, a photo on the Internet 90 showed her crossing the river in red brought her great attention. Then, the first bridge 91 over the Nujiang River, near her school. From then on, Yu and her classmates no 92 had to risk their lives to go to school. In 2018, Yu 93 entered the Second Clinical Medical College of Kunming Medical University with a score of 568 points. She became 94 first child in her village to enter college.
While Yu was on the road to further study, great changes took place in her hometown. New 95 were built on the riverside, roads led to the villages and more modern bridges opened to the traffic.
86．A．she B．her C．hers
87．A．in B．on C．by
88．A．when B．because C．until
89．A．cross B．to cross C．crossing
90．A．where B．that C．what
91．A．is built B．is building C．was built
92．A．long B．longer C．longest
93．A．successfully B．succeed C．successful
94．A．a B．an C．the
95．A．house B．houses C．house’s
（2023·广东广州·中考真题）
It was a beautiful spring day in a forest in ancient China. High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching 96 six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 97 last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one 98 Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough 99 the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. Little Six ate 100 food, so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.
Little Six didn’t have a strong body. 101 he had a strong will. He decided 102 he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.
Every morning, Little Six would rise 103 the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. Morning after morning, he practiced 104 his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. He always got the first worms Mama brought back home.
All through the spring, Little Six woke up 105 than his brothers and sisters. Week after week, he worked harder than they did. He 106 eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.
After a couple of months, all the baby birds had grown well. Mama Bird brought them together and 107 them to fly. 108 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
“Chirp! Chirp! 109 at me!” Little Six cried 110 while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up.
96．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself
97．A．a B．an C．the D．/
98．A．called B．was calling C．was called D．were called
99．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get
100．A．little B．few C．much D．many
101．A．and B．but C．because D．so
102．A．what B．why C．when D．that
103．A．before B．after C．until D．if
104．A．flap B．to flap C．flapping D．flapped
105．A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest
106．A．could B．might C．should D．must
107．A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach
108．A．In B．To C．For D．At
109．A．Look B．Looks C．To look D．Looking
110．A．happy B．happier C．happiness D．happily
（2023·广东·中考真题）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
David is a 15-year-old boy and he is crazy about space. He always wonders how space stations work. For him, a space camp is 111 than any other camp in the world.
At the age of seven, David had 112 first astronaut (宇航员) training experience. He and his parents 113 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel 114 space. Everything was magical. 115 excited David was!
David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to 116 new space camp. It had a lot of fun training programs, 117 he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked 118 he liked space camps so much. “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need 119 the earth,” he said.
These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 120 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future.
111．A．great B．greater C．the greatest
112．A．he B．him C．his
113．A．invited B．are invited C．were invited
114．A．on B．in C．for
115．A．How B．What C．What an
116．A．a B．an C．the
117．A．or B．but C．and
118．A．why B．when C．where
119．A．leave B．leaving C．to leave
120．A．study B．is studying C．was studying
（2023·陕西·中考真题）
Dear Helen Keller,
My name is Amelia Grant. I live in a small city. There, my father has an oil factory. At the age of eight, something terrible happened while I 121 playing near an oil well. It made me lose most of my hearing.
A lot has changed for me 122 then. For one thing, I cannot hear music like before. I used to love listening to my mother sing songs. When I first lost my hearing, I was sad that I 123 never again hear my mother sing. But now I put my ear to her chest 124 the vibrations（震动）of her voice. Now, I feel music instead of hearing it.
Also, I have to go to 125 different school in another city—Texas School for the Deaf. It is over 300 kilometers away from my hometown. The teachers there are kind, 126 I can only see my parents during holidays. I miss them very much.
During 127 last winter holiday, my daddy gave me a book you wrote, The Story of My Life. From it, I learned a lot about you. When you first became deaf and blind, you had a hard time showing people 128 . Because of this, you would sometimes get mad and make 129 noises. Now I know your feelings and I 130 by your book. I’m going to write to you in a few days to tell you more.
Yours,
Amelia Grant
121．A．is B．are C．were D．was
122．A．since B．at C．until D．by
123．A．can B．could C．have to D．had to
124．A．feel B．to feel C．hear D．to hear
125．A．a B．an C．the D．/
126．A．because B．if C．but D．or
127．A．we B．us C．our D．ours
128．A．what do you want B．what you want C．what did you want D．what you wanted
129．A．loudest B．most loudly C．loud D．loudly
130．A．am encouraged B．will be encouraged C．encourage D．will encourage
（2023·重庆·中考真题）
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
Dear Jennet,
How is everything going
After a week 131 Guangdong, Eric and I arrived in Hainan. However, 132 didn’t enjoy ourselves after getting here. On the first day, my bag 133 at the airport. It took us two hours to get it back. On the second day, I told Eric 134 an umbrella before going to the beach, but he forgot it. By the end of the day, he got terribly sunburned. He felt very painful and couldn’t fall 135 . So we had to go to hospital. When we returned to the hotel, it was already 2 a.m. 136 a bad day it was! Now, he regrets 137 he didn’t listen to me.
Today, we are going to 138 famous restaurant to try some seafood. It’s said that the restaurant 139 free drinks for customers since it opened in 1997. I will take some 140 of the dishes to share with you.
I have to go now. Eric is asking for me. Write soon.
Love,
Minmin
131．A．in B．on C．at
132．A．we B．he C．I
133．A．leaves B．left C．was left
134．A．take B．takes C．to take
135．A．asleep B．sleepy C．sleeping
136．A．Why B．How C．What
137．A．if B．that C．which
138．A．the B．a C．an
139．A．provides B．provided C．has provided
140．A．picture B．pictures C．picture’s
（2022·广东·中考真题）
Wang Yiyi is an excellent Beijing Opera (京剧) artist. She was born and raised 141 village in Hebei province. She loved singing and dancing 142 she was a little girl. She was her music 143 favorite student. One day, the teacher told her 144 a test. If she passed the test, she could enter a Beijing Opera school.
Wang Yiyi passed the test 145 and became a student of that school. She worked 146 . Students in the school 147 to get up at 6:45 a.m. to practice their basic skills. But she got up at 6:00 in the morning. And she was always the last one to go to bed. Sometimes she was tired that she felt like crying, she would find 148 quiet place and cried aloud. She 149 herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing…
Years went by. Finally, 150 hard work paid off. She got into her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
141．A．in B．for C．with
142．A．if B．when C．because
143．A．teacher B．teachers C．teacher’s
144．A．take B．to take C．taking
145．A．success B．successful C．successfully
146．A．hard B．harder C．the hardest
147．A．ask B．asked C．were asked
148．A．a B．an C．the
149．A．tell B．tells C．told
150．A．she B．her C．hers
（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of 151 , I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob, I put 152 beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of 153 fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I 154 at school.
However, 155 a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me 156 it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew 157 to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach 158 into the tank and take the house away. 159 I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot 160 than I thought.
“ That’s smelly! ” I said. “ Let’s hurry up and 161 the fish out of the water, Dad! ”
“ Not so fast, Ben, ” Dad said. “ We need to save some of the old water, 162 Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. ”
“ Why ” I asked.
“ Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish, ” Dad explained. “ That 163 we can’t put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with 164 of the dirty water for a while. ” …
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 165 .
151．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
152．A．a B．an C．the D．/
153．A．other B．others C．the other D．the others
154．A．am B．was C．were D．will be
155．A．before B．for C．after D．during
156．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．to bring
157．A．where B．what C．how D．why
158．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
159．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though
160．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
161．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting
162．A．so B．or C．because D．but
163．A．mean B．means C．meant D．is meaning
164．A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
165．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself

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