资源简介

2022全国乙卷完形填空二次开发
一、真题实战
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 41 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldn’t 52 to her.
A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 58 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
二、原文再现
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably poor at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was viewed as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our recent research results in child developmental psychology challenge that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or mouth. We then asked the child if she could see or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: again children said that they couldn’t talk to her.
A number of tests ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects understood the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them. Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply demand mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our findings suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method effective when others use it.
三、词汇知记
young children - 年幼的孩子们
across - 穿越
globe - 地球
enjoy - 喜欢
playing games - 玩游戏
hide and seek - 捉迷藏
something - 某事
highly - 非常
exciting - 令人兴奋的
escaping - 逃避
glance - 一瞥
make oneself unable to be seen - 使自己不被看见
witness - 见证
preschool - 学前
remarkably - 显著地
poor - 差劲
at hiding - 在隐藏方面
cover - 遮盖
only - 仅仅
eyes - 眼睛
with - 用
hands - 手
leave - 留下
the rest of - 其余的
their bodies - 他们的身体
expose - 暴露
for a long time - 很长一段时间
ineffective - 无效的
hiding method - 隐藏方法
was viewed as - 被视为
evidence - 证据
hopelessly - 无望地
“egocentric” - “自我中心的”
creatures - 生物
recent - 最近的
research - 研究
results in - 导致
child - 儿童
developmental - 发展的
psychology - 心理学
challenge - 挑战
idea - 想法
brought - 带来
aged - 年龄大的
minds - 头脑
in development lab - 在发展实验室里
sat down - 坐下
adult - 成年人
covered - 遮盖
own - 自己的
mouth - 嘴巴
hear - 听见
adult - 成年人
surprisingly - 令人惊讶地
replied - 回答
happen - 发生
a number of - 一些
test - 测试
ruled out - 排除
misunderstood - 误解
clear - 明确的
subjects - 受试者
exactly - 确切地
responses to the questions - 对问题的回答
reflected - 反映
true - 真实的
belief - 信念
simply - 简单地
demand - 要求
mutual - 相互的
recognition - 识别
regard - 认为
findings - 发现
suggest - 建议
hide - 隐藏
blanket - 毯子
over - 在...之上
her head - 她的头
egocentrism - 自我中心主义
consider - 认为
method - 方法
effective - 有效的
clever - 聪明的
bad - 坏的
scared - 害怕的
quick - 快的
exposed - 暴露的
examined - 检查的
untouched - 未接触的
imbalanced - 不平衡的
supported - 支持的
guaranteed - 保证的
imagined - 想象的
interpreted - 解释的
disappointing - 令人失望的
mixed - 混合的
surprising - 令人惊讶的
desired - 渴望的
explained - 解释的
confirmed - 证实的
contradicted - 矛盾的
tested - 测试的
parent - 父母
child - 孩子
researcher - 研究者
doctor - 医生
feet - 脚
nose - 鼻子
hands - 手
ears - 耳朵
see - 看到
help - 帮助
reach - 达到
fool - 愚弄
event - 事件
thing - 事物
action - 动作
accident - 事故
Yet - 然而
Now - 现在
Soon - 很快
Once - 一旦
speak - 说话
listen - 倾听
turn - 转动
wave - 挥手
instructions - 指示
descriptions - 描述
experiments - 实验
assumptions - 假设
comprehended - 理解的
predicted - 预测的
explored - 探索的
ignored - 忽视的
partly - 部分地
honestly - 诚实地
vaguely - 模糊地
exactly - 精确地
responses - 回应
approaches - 方法
contribution - 贡献
sensitivity - 敏感性
ability - 能力
belief - 信仰
identity - 身份
purpose - 目的
hold back - 阻止
relate to - 与...有关
insist on - 坚持
make up - 弥补
limitations - 限制
requirements - 要求
theories - 理论
findings - 发现
tentative - 试探性的
impressive - 令人印象深刻的
creative - 创造性的
effective - 有效的
四、单词默写
1 young children 100 confirmed
2 across 101 contradicted
3 globe 102 tested
4 enjoy 103 parent
5 playing games 104 child
6 hide and seek 105 researcher
7 something 106 doctor
8 highly 107 feet
9 exciting 108 nose
10 escaping 109 hands
11 glance 110 ears
12 make oneself unable to be seen 111 see
13 witness 79 egocentrism
14 preschool 80 consider
15 remarkably 81 method
16 poor 82 effective
17 at hiding 83 clever
18 cover 84 bad
19 only 85 scared
20 eyes 86 quick
21 with 87 exposed
22 hands 88 examined
23 leave 89 untouched
24 the rest of 90 imbalanced
25 their bodies 91 supported
26 expose 92 guaranteed
27 for a long time 93 imagined
28 ineffective 94 interpreted
29 hiding method 95 disappointing
30 was viewed as 96 mixed
31 evidence 97 surprising
32 hopelessly 98 desired
33 “egocentric” 99 explained
34 creatures 100 confirmed
35 recent 101 contradicted
36 research 102 tested
37 results in 103 parent
38 child 104 child
39 developmental 105 researcher
40 psychology 106 doctor
41 challenge 107 feet
42 idea 108 nose
43 brought 109 hands
44 aged 110 ears
45 minds 111 see
46 in development lab 112 help
47 sat down 113 reach
48 adult 114 fool
49 covered 115 event
50 own 116 thing
51 mouth 117 action
52 hear 118 accident
53 adult 119 Yet
54 surprisingly 120 Now
55 replied 121 Soon
56 happen 122 Once
57 a number of 123 speak
58 test 124 listen
59 ruled out 125 turn
60 misunderstood 126 wave
61 clear 127 instructions
62 subjects 128 descriptions
63 exactly 129 experiments
64 responses to the questions 130 assumptions
65 reflected 131 comprehended
66 true 132 predicted
67 belief 133 explored
68 simply 134 ignored
69 demand 135 partly
70 mutual 136 honestly
71 recognition 137 vaguely
72 regard 138 exactly
73 findings 139 responses
74 suggest 140 approaches
75 hide 141 contribution
76 blanket 142 sensitivity
77 over 143 ability
78 her head 144 belief
79 egocentrism 145 identity
80 consider 146 purpose
81 method 147 hold back
82 effective 148 relate to
83 clever 149 insist on
84 bad 150 make up
85 scared 151 limitations
86 quick 152 requirements
87 exposed
88 examined
89 untouched
90 imbalanced
91 supported
92 guaranteed
93 imagined
94 interpreted
95 disappointing
96 mixed
97 surprising
98 desired
99 explained
逐句翻译
全世界的小孩子都喜欢玩捉迷藏的游戏。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.
对他们来说，逃离别人的目光，让自己消失是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。
For them, there’s something highly exciting about escaping someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
然而，我们都目睹了学龄前儿童非常不善于躲藏。
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably poor at hiding.
他们经常只用手遮住眼睛，身体的其他部分裸露在外。
They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.
在很长一段时间里，这种无效的隐藏方法被视为儿童是无望的“自我中心”生物的证据(自我中心的)。
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was viewed as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures.
但我们最近在儿童发展心理学方面的研究结果却挑战了这一观点。
But our recent research results in child developmental psychology challenge that idea.
我们把2-4岁的孩子带到南加州大学的发展实验室。
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.
每个孩子都和一个大人坐在一起，大人会盖住她自己的眼睛或嘴巴。
Each child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or mouth.
然后我们问孩子是否能看到或听到大人的声音。
We then asked the child if she could see or hear the adult.
令人惊讶的是，孩子们回答说他们不会。
Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t.
当大人捂住自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了:孩子们再次说他们不能和她说话。
The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: again children said that they couldn’t talk to her.
一系列的测试排除了孩子们误解问题的可能。
A number of tests ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked.
结果很明显:我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问了什么。
The results were clear: Our young subjects understood the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.
他们对问题的回答反映了他们的真实信念:“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”
Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.”
他们只是要求相互(相互的)承认和尊重。
They simply demand mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.
我们的研究结果表明，当一个孩子把毯子盖在头上“隐藏”时，这不是自我中心主义的结果。
Our findings suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.
事实上，当别人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的
In fact, children consider this method effective when others use it
答案：
41-45 CBADC 46-50 CBDAB 51-55 BACAD 56-60 ABCDD
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
41. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C。
42. B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B。
43. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A。
44. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D。
45. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C。
46. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our19suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 40 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C。
47. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 4-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B。
48. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D。
49. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A。
50. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t 54 to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B。
51. B。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B。
52. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A。
53. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A。
55. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their16to the questions reflected their true 57 ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D。
56. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A。
57. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B。
58. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C。
59. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 4-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D。
60. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D。

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