资源简介

选择性必修4U2
1. alert / l rt/
adj. 警觉的; 警惕的; 戒备的
on high alert - 高度警觉
alert someone to something - 提醒某人注意某事
security alert - 安全警报
For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less alert and spend more time eating. <2024嘉定区一模六选四>
例如，在大提顿国家公园，游客较多地区的麋鹿和长角羚警惕性较低，吃东西的时间较长。
2. dismiss /d s m s/
v. 不子虑摒弃;对·.....不屑一提
dismissal (n.) 解雇；驳回
dismiss the idea 拒绝接受这个想法
dismiss an employee 解雇员工
dismiss a suggestion 驳回一个建议
In doing so, scientists attempted to dismiss what logicians have known for long: that no amount of correctly predicted effects can prove a supposed cause. <2022长宁区二模C篇>
这样做，科学家们试图否定逻辑学家们早已知道的事实：再多正确预测的结果也无法证明假定的原因。
3. explode / k splo d/
v. 爆炸; 爆破;爆裂
explosion (n.) 爆炸
explosive (adj.) 爆炸的；爆炸性的"
explode with anger 怒气冲天
the bomb explodes 炸弹爆炸
When the associated heater was turned on during flight, the tank exploded depleting almost all of the power from the command module and forcing the crew to use the lunar module as a lifeboat. <2024青浦区一模B篇>
当相关的加热器在飞行过程中被打开时，水箱爆炸，几乎耗尽了指令舱的所有能量，迫使乘员将登月舱用作救生艇。
4. frustrate / fr s.tre t/
v. 使沮丧:使懊恼
frustration (n.) 挫败
frustrated (adj.) 挫败的
frustrating (adj.) 令人沮丧的
frustrate someone's plans 挫败某人的计划
feel frustrated 感到沮丧
find something frustrating 发现某事令人沮丧
There are times this attitude becomes unhealthy, as I get frustrated if I give everything to a competition or activity and produce only average results. <2023宝山区一模A篇>
有时，这种态度会变得不健康，因为如果我在比赛或活动中全力以赴，却只取得一般的成绩，我会感到沮丧。
5. harmony / hɑ r.m .ni/
n. 融洽; 和睦
harmonious (adj.) 和谐的
live in harmony 和谐相处
harmony between 之间的和谐
in harmony with 与...和谐
This is in harmony with the museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving “authentic”, “original” readings of the exhibits. <2023青浦区二模C篇>
这与博物馆的功能是一致的，因为博物馆致力于寻找和保护展品的 "原汁原味"、"原汁原味 "的解读。
6. infection / n f k. n/
n. (身体某部位的)感染; 传染病; 传染; 感染
infect (v.) 感染
infectious (adj.) 有传染性的
fight infection 对抗感染
spread of infection 感染的传播
bacterial infection 细菌感染
We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. <2024浦东新区一模A篇>
当时我们没有医疗保险，当我第三次感染时，我的父母无力承担治疗费用。
7. occupy / ɑ .kj .pa /
v. 使用，占用( 空间、面积、时间等)
occupation (n.) 职业；占领
occupy a position 占据一个位置
currently occupied 当前被占用
Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical knowledge.
<2023崇明区一模B篇>
专业工作人员和主任在国际上聘用，担任领导职务或需要大量技术知识的职位。
8. opponent / po .n nt/
n. 反对者 "oppose (v.) 反对
opposition (n.) 反对；对手
face an opponent 面对对手
political opponent 政治对手
defeat an opponent 击败对手
The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the “facts”. <2023松江区一模C篇>
反对解释的人坚持认为，作者和编辑应仅限于 "事实"。
9. pose /po z/
v. 造成( 威胁、问题等);引起;产生
pose a question 提出一个问题
pose a risk 构成风险
pose for a photo 为照片摆姿势
The hole, which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days, has reached record dimensions, but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south. <2024奉贤区一模C篇>
在过去几天里，人们从太空和地面追踪到的这个洞已经达到了创纪录的大小，但预计它不会对人类造成任何危险，除非它进一步向南移动。
10. resistance /r z s.t ns/
n. 反对; 抵制; 抗拒
resist (v.) 抵抗
resistant (adj.) 抵抗的
resistance to 对...的抵抗
increase resistance 增加抵抗力
All this has already led to growing fears about facial recognition, said Janosch Delcker and Cristiano Lima in , but “efforts to check its spread are hitting a wall of resistance on both sides of the Atlantic.”<2024长宁区一模C篇>
亚诺什-德尔克（Janosch Delcker）和克里斯蒂亚诺-利马（Cristiano Lima）在 上说："所有这一切已经导致人们对面部识别的担忧与日俱增，但 "阻止其蔓延的努力在大西洋两岸都遇到了阻力"。
11. severe /s v r/
adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的
severity (n.) 严重性
severe weather 极端天气
severe punishment 严厉惩罚
severe pain 剧烈疼痛"
Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out, he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it. <2024闵行区一模六选四>
有时，即使拳击手从未被击倒过，他也可能在不知不觉中遭受了严重的脑损伤。
12. sustain /s ste n/
v. 维持(生命、生存)
sustainability (n.) 可持续性
sustainable (adj.) 可持续的
sustain growth 维持增长
sustain injuries 遭受伤害
sustain effort 维持努力
Just think that merely 30 dollars can sustain you for a 4-course feast in an ordinary Mexican restaurant and no one could resist the temptation.
<2022静安区一模A篇>
想想看，仅仅 30 美元就能让你在一家普通的墨西哥餐厅享用四道菜的大餐，没有人能抵挡得住诱惑。
13. vulnerable / v l.n r. .b l/
adj. ( 身体上或感情上)脆弱的易受...伤害的
vulnerability (n.) 脆弱性
vulnerable to attack 易受攻击
vulnerable populations 弱势群体
Attitudes began to shift in the late 1990s and early 2000s when the once-invulnerable toymaker started to struggle. <2023青浦区二模六选四>
20 世纪 90 年代末和 21 世纪初，当这家曾经不堪一击的玩具制造商开始陷入困境时，人们的态度开始发生转变。

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