资源简介 2024年江苏中考英语总复习——动词一、知识点复习动词有五种基本形式:动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、现在分词、过去分词。1. 动词原形动词原形即动词本身的形式。例:I like reading in the morning.我喜欢在早上读书。例:They have a small house.他们有一个小房子。例:I agree with your suggestions.我同意你们的建议。2. 第三人称单数的变化规则一般情况下,词尾加-s例:work——works 工作cut——cuts 切read——reads以s、x、ch、sh、o等结尾的动词,词尾加-es例:watch——watches 看 wash——washes洗 kiss——kisses 吻 fix——fixes 固定以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,词尾去y加-ies。例:fly——flies飞 try——tries 尝试 study——studies 学习 carry——carries 携带以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,词尾加-s.例:play——plays 玩 stay——stays 停留 say——says 说3. 不规则动词过去式和过去分词的变化形式A-A-A型是动词原形、过去式和过去分词三者同形。例:cost(花费)——cost——costhurt(伤害)——hurt——hurthit(打击)——hit——hitlet(让)——let——letA-A-B型是动词原形和过去式同形。例:beat(打、击、敲)——beat——beatenA-B-B型是过去式和过去分词同形。例:spend(花费)——spent——spentlend(借出)——lent——lentcatch(抓住)——caught——caughtbuy(买)——bought——boughtA-B-A型是动词原形和过去分词同形。例:become(变成)——became——becomecome(到来)——came——comerun(跑)——ran——runA-B-C型为动词原形、过去式和过去分词三者均不同形例:write (写)——wrote——writtenwear (穿着)——wore——wornbear( 忍受)——bore——borne/bornchoose (选择)——chose——chosen4. 动词现在分词的构成一般情况下,词尾加-ing。例:play(玩)——playingspeak(说)——speakingshow(展示)——showingread(阅读)——reading以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾去掉e后加-ing.例:write(写)——writingtake(拿)——takinglive(居住)——livingmake(制造)——making以-ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing.例:tie(系)——tyinglie(躺)——lyingdie(死)——dying以“辅元辅”结尾的动词,先双写最后一个辅音字母,然后再加-ing。例:plan(计划)——planingget(得到)——gettingshut(关闭)——shutting二、趁热打铁综合练习一、单项选择1.The train ________ the station 20 minutes late.A.reached B.got C.arrived D.passed2.I will ________ if you need.A.offer you with some help B.offer some help to youC.offer some help for you D.offer you to some help3.Nowadays many parents make their children ________ all kinds of skills.A.study B.studies C.studying D.to study4.It was dark and cold. We had to find a house _________ and some wood _________A.to stay in; to make a fire with B.to stay; to make a fire withC.to stay in; to make a fire D.to stay; to make a fire5.It’s said that a large ________ of news on the Internet ________ false.A.amount; is B.number; is C.amount; are D.number; are6.This kind of cake ________ delicious. I want one more.A.sounds B.tastes C.looks D.seems7.—I have bought a Chinese-English dictionary.—When and where ________ you ________ A.have; bought it B.did; buy it C.have; had it D.do; buy it8.—________ we ________ a music room —Yes, it’s beside our big playground.A.Have; get B.Have; got C.Has; got D.Has; get9.— ________ we go at 10:00 —What about ________ it a little earlier A.Shall; making B.Shall; to makeC.Will; making D.Will; to make10.Walking in the Purple Mountain ________ be very tiring, but actually you ________ walk very fast with beautiful views around you.A.must; needn’t B.can; needn’t C.must; mustn’t D.can; mustn’t11.—________ you like to go shopping with me this Sunday —Yes, I’d love to.A.Can B.May C.Will D.Would12.They are very tired. Let them _______ a rest.A.stop having B.to stop having C.stop to have D.to stop to have13.Our English teacher made us ________ English more after class. He said that using English often would make it ________ to improve our abilities.A.speak;easier B.saying;easily C.to talk;easy14.Since Huangshi is trying ________ a civilized city (文明城市), you had better ________ the rubbish everywhere.A.to create; not throw B.creating ; not throwC.creating ; don’t throw D.to create ; don’t throw15.—Mr Ding, I have some trouble ________ the passage!—You had better ________ it three or four times at least!A.to understand, read B.understanding, to readC.understanding, read D.to understand, to read二、单词拼写16.Don’t jump a conclusion! We’d better the problem first. (discussion)17.Everybody should (take) action and try their best to save our planet.18.Could you please (take) a message for me 19.The workers in the factory were made (work)all day long.20.There’s something wrong with my phone. I have to have it (repair).21.Let him (fly) kites with you today.22.My little brother (not do) his homework in the evening.23.The teacher said that it (be) very difficult to make progress if I didn’t work hard.24.The food in this restaurant is quite expensive, but it tastes (badly).25.The head teacher to them what to do in an emergency yesterday. (explanation)参考答案:1.A【详解】句意:火车晚了20分钟到达车站。考查动词辨析。reached到达;got得到;arrived到达;passed通过。根据“the station 20 minutes late”可知是晚到20分钟,且直接加宾语,用及物动词reach,而get和arrive是不及物动词,不能直接加宾语。故选A。2.B【详解】句意:如果你需要的话,我会给你提供一些帮助。考查offer的用法。offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.意为“为某人提供某物”,故选B。3.A【详解】句意:现在许多父母让孩子学习各种技能。考查动词短语。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,是固定短语,空格处应用动词原形study,故选A。4.A【详解】句意:天黑且寒冷。我们必须找一个可以住的房子和一些可以生火的木头。考查不及物动词。两空都是动词不定式作定语,stay是不及物动词,与a house连用,用stay in;make a fire与some wood连用,要加介词with。故选A。5.A【详解】句意:据说网络上大量的新闻都是假的。考查形容词短语及be动词。a large amount of后面接不可数名词;a large number of后面接可数名词;is主语为不可数名词或可数名词单数;are主语为可数名词复数。名词news是不可数名词,应用a large amount of,be动词应用is。故选A。6.B【详解】句意:这种蛋糕味道很好。我想再来一个。考查动词词义辨析。sound听起来;taste尝起来;look看起来;seem似乎。根据“I want one more.”可知,应该是吃过了,很好吃,还想再吃一个,所以应填tastes。故选B。7.B【详解】句意:——我买了一本汉英词典。——你什么时候在哪里买的?考查动词时态。根据“I have bought a Chinese-English dictionary.”可知,“买词典”这一动作发生在过去,所以时态为一般过去时;本句含有实义动词buy,因此要用助动词did,助动词后动词应使用原形。故选B。8.B【详解】句意:——我们有音乐室吗 ——有的,它在我们大操场的旁边。考查助动词。has/have got意思是“有……”,句子的主语是we,助动词用have。故选B。9.A【详解】句意:——我们要10点去吗? ——稍早一点怎么样?考查助动词和非谓语动词。Shall将要,用于第一人称;Will将要,用于第二、三人称;making做出(决定),动名词或现在分词;to make做出(决定),动词不定式。根据“…we go at 10:00 ”可知,此处是表达征求意见的句子,应用句型Shall we do sth.,意为“我们……好吗?”,所以第一空用shall;第二空,根据空前介词about可知,此处用动名词making作宾语。故选A。10.B【详解】句意:在紫金山散步可能会很累,但实际上你不必走得很快,周围有美丽的景色。考查情态动词辨析。must必须;needn’t不必;can可能;mustn’t禁止。由“Walking in the Purple Mountain…be very tiring”可知,此处指可能会累,排除A和C;又由“but actually you…walk very fast with beautiful views around you”可知,此处指没有必要走快。故选B。11.D【详解】句意:——这个星期天你想和我一起去购物吗?——是的,我很乐意。考查情态动词。Can能够;May可能;Will将要;Would愿意。根据“you like to”可知,此处是固定句型Would you like to do sth“你想做某事吗”。故选D。12.C【详解】句意:他们非常疲惫,让他们停下来休息。考查非谓语动词和动词短语。let sb. do sth.让某人做某事;stop to do sth.表示停下来去做另一件事,stop doing sth.表示停止正在做的事。根据“They are very tired”可知这里表示停下来去休息,故用stop to do sth.。故选C。13.A【详解】句意:我们的英语老师让我们课后多说英语。他说经常使用英语会更容易提高我们的能力。考查make的用法。make sb. do sth.为固定用法,意为“让某人做某事”,使用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据语境可知,经常使用英语会更容易提高能力,故应用“make sth. +形容词比较级”来表示“提高、改善、加强”等表示递进关系的概念。故选A。14.A【详解】句意:黄石正在努力创建一个文明城市,你最好不要到处乱丢垃圾。考查非谓语动词和情态动词加动词原形。根据“trying…a civilized city ”可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“黄石正在努力创造一个文明城市”,排除B、C;又根据“you had better…”可知,had better为情态动词,否定形式在其后应接not+动词原形,排除D。故选A。15.C【详解】句意:——丁先生,我理解这篇文章有困难!——你最好至少读三四遍!考查非谓语动词和情态动词的用法。have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”,had better do sth.“最好做某事”。故选C。16.discuss【详解】句意:不要草率下结论!我们最好先讨论一下这个问题。had better do sth.“最好做某事”,空格处应填动词原形,discussion是名词,其对应的动词是discuss。故填discuss。17.take【详解】句意:每个人都应该采取行动,尽自己最大的努力拯救我们的地球。should是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故填take。18.take【详解】句意:你能帮我捎个口信吗?情态动词Could后应用动词原形。 故填take。19.to work【详解】句意:工厂的工人被要求整天长时间工作。根据句意及“was made”可知,此句是一般过去时的被动语态。make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,被动为sb be made to do。故填to work。20.repaired【详解】句意:我的电话有问题。我必须把它修好。have sth done“使某事被做”,是一个固定结构,结合“repair”可知,此处应该填过去分词形式repaired,表示使它被修。故填repaired。21.fly【详解】句意:今天让他和你一起放风筝吧。let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,故填fly。22.doesn’t do【详解】句意:我弟弟晚上不做作业。分析句子及所给词可知,此处应为否定句,句子为一般现在时,主语My little brother为单数,否定句要借助助动词does + not,后接动词原形do。故填doesn’t do。23.would be【详解】句意:老师说如果我不努力学习就很难取得进步。根据题干可知,宾语从句中从句本身是复合句,属于if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句要用过去将来时,其结构为:would +动词原形。故填would be。24.bad【详解】句意:这家餐馆的饭菜很贵,但味道很差。题空前“taste”为系动词,后跟形容词作表语;badly副词,形容词为bad。故填bad。 25.explained【详解】句意:校长昨天向他们解释在危急情况要做什么。根据句子结构,可知这里要填动词作谓语,根据“yesterday”可知,这里是一般过去时。故填explained。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览