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8B Unit 3重点表达
重点表达
paper cutting for up to two minutes set off in the late afternoon no more =not...any more tie...to.../ tie...around... up and down after dark throw...into sail back home grow stronger put on a play be made of close to not as...as work hard bring up shadow puppet play cut out in the shape of a piece of dough all the time 剪纸 多达两分钟 出发；动身 在傍晚时分 不再 把...套在...上 上上下下 天黑之后 把...扔进 坐船回家 长地更强壮 上映一场好戏 由...制成 靠近 不如;与...不一样 认真工作 抚养;养育;培养 皮影戏 剪成 呈…的形状 一块面团 (在某段时间内)一直;始
词汇变形：
description n.说明；形容 →describe v.描述；形容 【搭】make a description
fisherman n.渔民 →pl.
fit adj.健壮的；健康的 → fit-fitter-fittest 【搭】keep fit 保持健康 be fit for 适合于....
health n.健康 →healthy adj. 健康的 →healthily adv. 健康地 → adj.不健康的 → adv.不健康地 【搭】be in good health 身体健康 be in poor health 身体不健康
dive v.潜水；跳水 →dives,dived,diving 【搭】dive down 潜下水
attract v.吸引；使喜爱 → attraction n. 吸引力 吸引人的事物 →attractive adj. 有吸引力的 【搭】attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 景点
hang v.悬挂；吊 → hang-hung-hung
require v.需要；依靠 →requirement n. 需要 【搭】require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 ( ) require to be done=require doing 需要被做(被动)
practice v.从事；练习 →practice n. 练习 【搭】practise doing sth. 练习做某事
luck n.幸运 →lucky adj. 幸运的 →luckily adv. 幸运地 → adj.不幸的 → adv.不幸地 【搭】Good luck!祝你好运！
simple adj.简单的 →simply adv. 简单地
lovely adj.迷人的 →love v./n. 爱 →lovable adj. 讨人喜欢的 → loveliness n. 可爱
although conj.虽然 【同】though=in spite of... although和but不能连用
ready adj.准备好 =prepared准备好 【搭】be/get ready sth. 准备好做某事 sth.
reach v.到达 【辨】reach+地点 get +地点 arrive +大地点（ ） arrive +小地点（ ） arrive/reach/get + here/there/home （ ）
语法要点：【被动语态】
Rule1:结构（熟记背！）
（1）主动语态：主语是动作的发出者
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
（2）结构：be + 及物动词的过去分词
一般现在时：
时间词（ Look! Watch! at this time, at the moment, now,these days ）
一般过去时：
（ ）
一般将来时：
（ ）
Rule 2:四大注意
1. 含有“使役/感官动词”动词的被动语态
make, have, let see, watch,notice,look at, hear, listen to 等。
make (see, hear, watch,) sb. do sth.
2）sb. be made (seen, heard, watched) to do sth.
即：有be就有to，没有be就没有to！
3） have sth. done
2. 双宾语的被动语态
My mother gives Lily a pen.
→Lily is given a pen by my mother.
→A pen is given to Lily by my mother.
Tips:
3. 感官动词(look, smell, taste, feel, sound等)用主动结构表示被动。
The flower smells nice.　
The cake tastes delicious.　
4. 不及物动词(happen, take place, cost, sell 等)无被动语态。
Great changes were taken place in China.( )
→Great changes took place in China.( )
Rule 3: 常用短语和句型（熟记背！）
be filled with＝be full of 装满
be covered by/be covered with 覆盖
be sold out 卖完
be worn out 穿旧
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
It is/was said that... 据说 It is/was reported that... 据报道
It is/was believed that... 据信，大家相信 It is/was known that... 众所周知
课堂练习：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态（ ）
English __________ (speak) by lots of people in the world now.
A class meeting __________ (hold) on Thursdays.
He __________ (tell) to get up early every day.
Football ________ (play) all over the world.
Many trees ____________ (plant) in North China every year.
The flowers ______________ (water) three times a week.
A camera ________ (use) for taking photos.
I ________often________ (ask) to do this work.
2. 一般过去时的被动语态（ ）
The cup _____________ (break) by the boy just now.
He ______________ (save) at last.
The house ______________ (build) in 2010.
All the students____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.
The car ____________ (clean) by my dad yesterday.
I ________ (order) to wait for him right here ten minutes ago.
When ________the present ________ (give) to him by his mother
3. 一般将来时 (will be +done; be going to be done)
A speech _______________ (give) this afternoon.
A new road ______________ (build) next year.
These films _________________ (not develop) until tomorrow morning.
Hundreds of jobs ___________ (lose) if the factory closes.
A party is going to ______________ (organize) tonight.
The work ______________ (finish) soon.
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, the sports meet ______________ (hold) in the playground of our school.
The book ______________ (publish) in a month.
【能力强化】
(　　) 1. The shop assistant showed a dress that________ silk to us.
A. was made in B. was make of C. was made of D. was made from
(　　) 2. Newspapers are made ________ paper. Paper is made ________ wood.
A. from; of B. of; from C. of; in D. in; from
(　　) 3.We found that the ground ________ snow.
A. was filled with B. is covered with C. was covered with D. is filled with
(　　) 4.—Sixteen-year-olds ______ to drive in China.—But in America, they can.
A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. are allowed D. are not allowed
(　　) 5. The old man _______ in Shanghai, but he _______ in Haikou now.
A. be born; live B. was born; live C. is born; lives D. was born; lives
(　　) *6. —Do you have Jay's CDs
—Sorry, they are _______. But we'll get some more next week because they ________.
A. sold well; are on sale B. sold out; sell well
C. selling well; sell well D. for sale; sell well
(　　) *7.This pair of shoes ________hand, and it ________very comfortable.
A. is made by；is felt B. are made from；is felt
C. are made of；feels D. is made by；feels
(　　) 8. It ________ last week that the haze(雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems.
A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reported
(　　) 9. It ________ that there will be no hunger in the future
A. say B. was said C. is said D. will be

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