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东华高级中学2023-2024学年高一年级第二学期前段考
英语试题
本试题满分135分，考试时间120分钟
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If you want to sleep better at night, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are some ideal sleep music apps to choose from.
Calm
Calm is one of the most popular sleep music apps and its large library of relaxing and sleep-causing tracks is largely responsible for that. This app offers a free version, but to really take advantage of what Calm has to offer, you had better choose the paid version, which costs $ 69.99 for one year. A lifetime membership is $ 399.99.
Relax Melodies
Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises. Though its free version provides a great introduction to the idea of sleep music, the paid version unlocks a larger library of sounds. Consider paying for it if there're particular sounds or features that really attract you.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music. The Sleep icon at the bottom of the app is easy to identify and leads to a library of options that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radio. It's worth noting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscription. Headspace costs $ 69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.
Pzizz
Pzizz offers sleep music tracks you can use at naptime, bedtime, or to improve focus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm. It has a free version but you should pay for extra subscriptions.
1. Which app allows you to combine sleep music with breathing exercises
A. Calm. B. Headspace. C. Pzizz. D. Relax Melodies.
2. How much should you pay at least for the one-year subscription of Headspace
A. $12.99. B. $69.99. C. $155.88. D. $399.99.
3. What is special about Pzizz
A. Its voice for narration is fixed. B. It provides low and calm music.
C. It offers voice narration options. D. Its focus is sleep-specific music.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Relax Melodies部分“Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。)”可知，Relax Melodies不仅提供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Headspace部分“Headspace costs $69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。) ”可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69. 99美元。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pzizz部分“One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm.(让Pzizz与众不同的一点是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。)”可知，Pzizz的特别之处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C项。
B
My grandfather was a rigid (刻板的) perfectionist. Everything had to be orderly, precise and punctual. I was frightened of him until the day he died. Growing up, my mother desperately wanted to please him. She probably thought he might leave if she didn’t.
In fact, I now think the fear of being left alone, abandoned, was a current throughout much of her life. A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer’s, my mother’s voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her, “Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”
“No, I can’t do that. I don’t want to do that,” she said suddenly, closing the door on the subject. A while after my father died, she told me that she kept the television on all the time because it made her feel less lonely. “It makes the house seem to have more people living in it,” she said. I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.
We have had a long journey together, she and I. Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off (抹去).
I choose to look at the ones that ache with a sweet truth not told often enough. There was love between us. It was just hard to find sometimes. I choose to remember her face on that winter day in Manhattan, when I came to her with a broken heart. I choose to remember walking on the shore with her in summers when we rented a beach house. Somehow the sea always changed us. I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet (手镯) that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.
4. What can we infer from the author’s words said to her mother in paragraph 2
A. The author comforted her.
B. The author praised her.
C The author apologized to her.
D. The author blamed her.
5. Why did the author never reach for the remote control again
A. She would not turn the TV set on.
B. The remote control had broken down.
C. The remote control was hidden by her mother.
D. She would not turn the TV set off or turn it down.
6. How does the author deal with her half-century of memories of her mother
A. Ignore most of them.
B. Keep all of them in mind.
C. Forget some and analyze others.
D. Write things from her memories often.
7. What did the author’s mother do for her marriage
A. She took her to see her grandmother.
B. She arranged a tour in Manhattan.
C. She offered her a present.
D. She rented a beach house.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对母亲的记忆。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer’s, my mother’s voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her, “Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”(父亲患上老年痴呆症后的几年里，母亲在电话里的声音听起来很沮丧，我不得不告诉她：“自己静一静。冷静下来，一切都会好起来的。”)”可推知，作者在第二段对她母亲说的话是为了安慰自己的母亲。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.(我已经屈服于我的烦恼，要么把音量调低，要么把它关掉。但在她告诉我，它填补了一些孤独之后，我再也没有去拿遥控器了)”可知，作者再也没有伸手去拿遥控器，因为她知道看电视能够填补母亲的孤独，因此作者不愿意再拿遥控器把电视机关掉或关小。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off (抹去).(超过半个世纪的记忆，现在旅程已经结束，我选择哪些学习，哪些放在手里仔细考虑，抹去)”可知，对母亲长达半个世纪的记忆，作者选择忘记一些，分析一些。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet (手镯) that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.(我选择回忆我结婚那天，她递给我一只属于我祖母的手镯时的样子。“旧的东西，”她说。)”可知，作者的母亲在她结婚的时候送给她一份礼物。故选C。
C
Cockatoos (凤头鹦鹉) are only the third animal besides humans and chimpanzees, known to pick tools flexibly based on the tasks they expect to face according to a study recently published in Current Biology.
In 2021, scientists observed that cockatoos fashioned three tools — a wedge (楔子), a knife and a spoon — to help open fruits. It showed that they were making tools with different functions, but an important question remained; Did the birds use the tools as a set for the same goal, or just as responses to the result of the use of the former
To answer it researchers designed a special puzzle box inside which was a grand prize: a cashew (腰果), the favorite food of cockatoos. Getting it out of the box required two tools: a short, sharp tool that had to first cut a film blocking the bird’s access to the nut and a long pole that had to be stuck into the hole to fish out the cashew.
According to the observation, six of ten cockatoos found the correct solution. When a simpler box with no film was presented, they were likely to merely pick up the pole. Then the box was moved farther from the tools, meaning the birds had to choose the right tools and then carry them over. When deciding which tools to bring, the cockatoos planned ahead. If facing a box with a film, they figured out how to carry the tools together and would come prepared with both If without, they tended to bring the fishing pole.
The study shows that cockatoos can use and transport tool sets flexibly for immediate future use, and thus their tool use is more than the sum of its parts. The researchers now hope to see if the birds can manage this even when the box is not in direct view, and further explore the evolutionary history of tool use in this species.
Dr. Auersperg, one of the researchers, thinks the study proves an anti-bird phrase needs revising. “Bird brain,” she said, “should actually be a compliment.”
8. Why does the author mention the 2021 research in paragraph 2
A. To reveal its limitation. B. To review a significant study.
C. To establish the research goal. D. To introduce the research question.
9. Which is the last step for the cockatoos to get the reward
A. Consider tool use B. Cut a hole in the film.
C. Pull the pole from the box. D. Get out of the box to eat.
10. What does the underlined word “compliment” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Topic B. Reality C. Concern. D. Praise.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Cockatoos are creative problem solvers.
B. Cockatoos know to use tool sets flexibly.
C. Cockatoos are the third smartest animals.
D. Cockatoos adapt to environmental changes easily.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现凤头鹦鹉可以根据自己预期面临的任务灵活地选择工具。介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现和意义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2021, scientists observed that cockatoos fashioned three tools — a wedge (楔子), a knife and a spoon — to help open fruits. It showed that they were making tools with different functions, but an important question remained; Did the birds use the tools as a set for the same goal, or just as responses to the result of the use of the former ( 2021年，科学家们观察到凤头鹦鹉制作了三种工具——楔子、刀和勺子——来帮助打开水果。这表明他们制造的工具具有不同的功能，但一个重要的问题仍然存在；这些鸟是为了同一个目标而使用这些工具，还是仅仅作为对前者使用结果的反应？)”可推知，作者在第2段提到2021年的研究是为了引入研究问题。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“According to the observation, six of ten cockatoos found the correct solution. When a simpler box with no film was presented, they were likely to merely pick up the pole. Then the box was moved farther from the tools, meaning the birds had to choose the right tools and then carry them over. When deciding which tools to bring, the cockatoos planned ahead. If facing a box with a film, they figured out how to carry the tools together and would come prepared with both If without, they tended to bring the fishing pole.(根据观察，十只凤头鹦鹉中有六只找到了正确的解决方案。当给他们一个没有薄膜的简单盒子时，他们可能只会拿起电线杆。然后箱子被移到离工具更远的地方，这意味着鸟儿必须选择合适的工具，然后把它们带过去。在决定带什么工具时，凤头鹦鹉会提前计划。如果面对一个装有薄膜的盒子，他们会想出如何把工具一起携带，并准备好两种工具。如果没有，他们往往会带上鱼竿)”可知，考虑使用工具是凤头鹦鹉获得奖励的最后一步。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“The study shows that cockatoos can use and transport tool sets flexibly for immediate future use, and thus their tool use is more than the sum of its parts.(研究表明，凤头鹦鹉可以灵活地使用和运输工具集以备将来使用，因此它们的工具使用超过其部分的总和)”以及划线词上文““Bird brain,” she said, “should actually be a”可知，研究表明鸟类也可以使用工具，也很聪明，所以“鸟脑”应该作为一种赞美。故划线词意思是“赞美”。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cockatoos (凤头鹦鹉) are only the third animal besides humans and chimpanzees, known to pick tools flexibly based on the tasks they expect to face according to a study recently published in Current Biology.(根据最近发表在《当代生物学》上的一项研究，凤头鹦鹉是除了人类和黑猩猩之外的第三种动物，它们可以根据自己预期面临的任务灵活地选择工具)”结合文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现和意义。可知，B选项“凤头鹦鹉懂得灵活使用工具”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstain. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
12. Why do researchers at MIT conduct the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To protect plant diversity.
C. To reduce tree losses. D. To predict forest disappearance.
13. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its theoretical basis. B. Its key procedures.
C. Its scientific evidence. D. Its usual difficulties.
14. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
B. They are better than naturally grown plants.
C. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
D. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
15. Why is the research ground-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
C. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
D. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab.(每年，由于砍伐树木，世界上损失了大约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调节细胞的物理和机械特性。接下来，研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞基材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的关键程序。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.(该技术可以调整以满足对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式“种植”任何木制品)”可知，贝伦斯坦认为这项研究具有开创性因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. ___16___ We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. ___17___ Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
___18___ Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. ___19___ Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. ___20___ Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A. It is a gradual affair.
B. Allow the book to grow with you.
C. It has some form of historical influence.
D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何阅读经典书籍的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. (对经典的喜爱显然不是一见钟情)”及下文“We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. (我们开始是熟人，最终因为私下里的笑话而成为亲密的朋友)”可知，对经典的喜爱是一个循序渐进的过程。由此可知，A. It is a gradual affair. (这是一个循序渐进的过程)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn. (相反，你应该为自己的尝试感到自豪，并为你将学到的所有新事物感到兴奋)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系。由此可知，E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something. (永远不要因为不知道而责怪自己)能够与下文形成语义的转折，符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Research, research, research. (研究，研究，再研究)”可知，本段主要建议要做研究。由此可知，D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging. (在你翻到第一页之前，做一些调查)符合本段主旨，符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula. (深吸一口气，然后跳上梅尔维尔的《裴廓德号》的甲板，或者小心翼翼地穿过德古拉城堡的大门)”可知，此处在讲述读书的具体做法。由此可知，F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity. (提醒自己这是一个新的学习机会)能够衔接下文，属于真正开始读书前的思想准备工作，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process.(阅读经典文本没有完美的方法。没有明确的解释，没有单一的、精确的答案。作为读者，你的目标是发现哪些方面和见解对你有意义。享受这个过程)”可知，阅读经典文本时，应用进行思考。由此可知，G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically. (思考让你困惑的是什么，用心阅读，批判性思考)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第二部分 英语知识运用(共二节;满分32.5分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For years, Sammie Vance, 14, has been helping kids who feel lonely make friends. She has been ___21___ the Buddy Bench program since the third grade. The program was that anyone at school feeling ___22___ could sit on the “buddy bench”, telling other kids he or she needed a friend.
Sammie got the ___23___ for the program at a summer camp in 2017. She thought it would be cool to have a buddy bench in her ___24___, so when she returned, she ___25___ the idea to the headteacher.
Getting ___26___ for the project was just the first step. “There have been a lot of other ___27___, like money,” Sammie says. To cut down costs and be eco-friendly, Sammie decided to make the bench out of ___28___ material. So she got her community to gather bottle caps.
___29___ of the project got out, and soon Sammie was getting caps from people in all 50 states, and even from people in Germany, the Netherlands, and other countries. ____30____, she collected more than 1,200 pounds of bottle caps. A company called Green Tree Plastics was ____31____ of upcycling (升级改造) these into three benches.
Not long after that, ____32____ her own school, more than 200 schools and parks nationwide, in Mexico and Australia ____33____ benches through the program as well. Her work continues to spread ____34____ far and wide. “We recently got a bench in Ghana, Africa,” she says.
Sammie thinks her small gesture can make other people’s day and that even small acts of kindness can ____35____.
21. A. imagining B. changing C. protesting D. running
22. A. sensitive B. curious C. lonely D. ashamed
23. A. inspiration B. intention C. principle D. practice
24. A. home B. school C. town D. country
25 A. returned B. lent C. presented D. delivered
26. A. comment B. discount C. appreciation D. approval
27. A. challenges B. complaints C. competitions D. evidences
28. A. common B. expensive C. recycled D. imported
29. A. Nature B. Word C. Part D. History
30. A. Eventually B. Absolutely C. Regularly D. Originally
31. A. fond B. capable C. proud D. aware
32. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. except for
33. A. acquired B. designed C. observed D. removed
34. A. information B. knowledge C. disease D. kindness
35. A. make sense B. make a difference C. come to life D. come to power
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sammie Vance从夏令营中获得灵感，创立了Buddy Bench项目，帮助学校中孤单的人找到朋友，她请求自己的社区帮忙收集瓶盖作为长椅的材料，项目的消息传播出去后，很多不同地方的人都提供了帮助，最终很多学校和公园都得以有了这样的长椅，她的善意产生了影响。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从三年级开始就一直在运行Buddy Bench项目。A. imagining想象；B. changing改变；C. protesting抗议；D. running运行。根据下文Sammie想出这个项目的主意，并开始想办法实施可知，她是在运行这个项目。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该项目是任何在学校感到孤独的人都可以坐在“伙伴长椅”上，告诉其他孩子他或她需要一个朋友。A. sensitive敏感的；B. curious好奇的；C. lonely孤独的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“For years, Sammie Vance, 14, has been helping kids who feel lonely make friends.”可知，Sammie的这个项目是帮助在学校感到孤独的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sammie在2017年的一次夏令营中得到了这个项目的灵感。A. inspiration灵感；B. intention意图；C. principle原则；D. practice实践。根据下文“She thought it would be cool to have a buddy bench in her ___4___”可推知，Sammie是从夏令营中得到了设置伙伴长椅的灵感。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为在她的学校里有一个伙伴长椅会很酷，所以当她回来的时候，她向校长提出了这个想法。A. home家；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. country国家。根据下文“she ___5___ the idea to the headteacher”可知，Sammie和校长沟通了想法，因此是在学校里设置伙伴长椅。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为在她的学校里有一个伙伴长椅会很酷，所以当她回来的时候，她向校长提出了这个想法。A. returned归还；B. lent借给；C. presented提出；D. delivered运送。根据下文“the idea to the headteacher”可推知，Sammie是向校长提出该想法。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：获得项目批准只是第一步。A. comment评论；B. discount折扣；C. appreciation欣赏；D. approval批准。根据上文“so when she returned, she ___5___ the idea to the headteacher”可知，Sammie和校长沟通了关于这个项目的想法，此处指获得学校方面的批准。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“还有很多其他的挑战，比如钱，”Sammie说。A. challenges挑战；B. complaints抱怨；C. competitions竞争；D. evidences证据。根据下文“like money”和“To cut down costs and be eco-friendly”可知，进行该项目面临着钱、环保方面的挑战，并不容易。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了降低成本和环保，Sammie决定用可回收材料制作长椅。A. common普通的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. recycled可回收的；D. imported进口的。根据上文“To cut down costs and be eco-friendly”可知，Sammie希望这个项目是环保的，因此会决定用可回收的材料制作长椅。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目的消息传开了，很快Sammie就收到了来自50个州的人的瓶盖，甚至还有德国、荷兰和其他国家的人。A. Nature自然；B. Word消息；C. Part部分；D. History历史。根据下文“of the project got out, and soon Sammie was getting caps from people in all 50 states, and even from people in Germany, the Netherlands, and other countries”可推知，应该是项目的消息传开了，然后美国各州，甚至是其他国家的人开始提供帮助。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她收集了超过1200磅的瓶盖。A. Eventually最终；B. Absolutely绝对地；C. Regularly定期地；D. Originally最初地。根据下文“she collected more than 1,200 pounds of bottle caps”可知，此处陈述收集瓶盖的结果，应该是承接上文，说明事情最终是这样。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一家名为Green Tree Plastics的公司能够将这些瓶盖改造升级为三条长椅。A. fond喜爱的；B. capable有能力的；C. proud自豪的；D. aware意识到的。根据下文“of upcycling (升级改造) these into three benches”可推知，此处是较为客观地陈述事实，说明该公司能将这些瓶盖改造升级为三条长椅，满足Sammie的项目需求。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：不久之后，除了她自己的学校，墨西哥和澳大利亚的200多所学校和公园也通过这个项目获得了长椅。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替；C. apart from除了（还有）；D. except for除了。根据下文“her own school, more than 200 schools and parks nationwide, in Mexico and Australia ___13___ benches through the program as well”可推知，除了Sammie自己的学校外，还有很多其他学校和公园也获得了长椅。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，除了她自己的学校，墨西哥和澳大利亚的200多所学校和公园也通过这个项目获得了长椅。A. acquired获得；B. designed设计；C. observed观察；D. removed移除。根据上文“She thought it would be cool to have a buddy bench in her ___4___”可知，最初Sammie是想自己的学校有伙伴长椅，因此此处指后来多所学校和公园也通过这个项目获得了长椅。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的工作继续将善意传播到世界各地。A. information信息；B. knowledge知识；C. disease疾病；D. kindness善意。根据下文“even small acts of kindness”可知，此处指将善意传播到世界各地。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sammie认为她的小举动可以让别人开心，即使是小小的善举也能产生影响。A. make sense有意义；B. make a difference产生影响；C. come to life复活；D. come to power上台执政。根据上文叙述的Sammie想创立该项目帮助自己学校里孤独的人结交朋友，到后来得到很多人的帮助，让项目走得更远，在很多学校和公园设置伙伴长椅，帮助更多的人可知，她小小的善举产生了影响。故选B。
第二节 单词考查(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。
36. One example is the _________ (典型的，有代表性的) Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the New Year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】typical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：举个例子，典型的中国春节习俗是放鞭炮驱除邪灵，庆祝新年。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用形容词typical作定语，修饰名词词组Chinese Spring Festival custom。故填typical。
37. A ________________(代表) from the tour company will meet you at the check-in. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】representative
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：旅游公司的代表将在登记处与您会面。空处作句子主语，结合汉语提示representative符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填representative。
38. He was faced with the ___________(进退两难的局面) of whether or not to return to his country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dilemma
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他面临着是否回国的两难境地。根据汉语提示可知，dilemma“进退两难的局面”，可数名词，此处表示特指，应用单数形式，在句中作介词with的宾语，故填dilemma。
39. During his _________________ (退休), he took up painting as a new hobby and found it brought him great joy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】retirement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：退休后，他把画画当作一种新的爱好，并发现它给他带来了极大的快乐。空处作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，名词retirement符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填retirement。
40. The company offers _______________(灵活的) working hours to accommodate employees’ personal schedules. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：公司提供灵活的工作时间以适应员工的个人时间安排。空处作定语修饰名词辞去working hours，结合汉语提示可知，形容词flexible符合题意。故填flexible。
41. The athlete’s performance in the race was _____________________ (难以置信地) impressive, breaking several records in the process. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】unbelievably##incredibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这位运动员在比赛中的表现令人难以置信地印象深刻，在此过程中打破了几项记录。空处作状语修饰形容词impressive，结合汉语提示可知，副词unbelievably/incredibly符合题意。故填unbelievably/incredibly。
42. I enjoy reading books, but I only have __________________(偶尔的) time for it due to my busy schedule. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】occasional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我喜欢读书，但由于日程繁忙，我只有偶尔时间。空处作定语修饰名词time，结合汉语提示可知，形容词occasional符合题意。故填occasional。
43. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made ________ much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：网上购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易为亲人购买更多礼物。根据谓语动词have made可知此处要用宾语，真正宾语是to spend more on gifts for their loved ones，可知此处要用代词it，作形式宾语。故填it。
44. Years of workout on a regular basis makes him look athletic and ________________(energy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：多年的定期锻炼使他看起来健壮而精力充沛。分析可知，空处应填形容词和上文athletic并列作表语，故形容词energetic“精力充沛的”符合题意。故填energetic。
45. _____ (equip) with nothing, he plunged into the turbulent flow to rescue the drowning child. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Equipped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一无所有的他跳进汹涌的水流中去救溺水的孩子。分析句子，句中plunged为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处he与equip之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Equipped。
第三部分 写作(共三节;满分52.5分)
第一节 句子考查(共12.5分，填空题9.5分，每空0.5分;句子翻译一个3分)
46. We offer part-time Japanese classes. Besides, students can take classes in computing.(同义句改写)
We offer part-time Japanese classes. ______________________, students can take classes in computing.
【答案】In addition
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们提供兼职日语课程。此外，学生还可以选修计算机课程。根据英文，空处表示“此外”，应用in addition，相当于besides。故填In addition。
47. Much ________________________(让她非常满意的是), she finally got the promotion she had been working so hard for. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to her satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：令她非常满意的是，她终于得到了一直努力争取的晋升。根据中文提示可知，表示“让她非常满意的是”应用to her satisfaction，为介词短语，在本句中作状语。故填to her satisfaction。
48. The museum exhibition showcased various artworks from different historical periods.(同义句改写)
The museum exhibition showcased ______________________ artworks from different historical periods.
【答案】a variety of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：博物馆展出了不同历史时期的各种艺术品。此处various可用短语a variety of替换，表示“各种各样的”。故填a variety of。
49. I ____________________ (松了口气) and agreed to meet her at the convenience store down the road. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】sighed with relief
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和介词短语。句意：我松了口气，同意在路那头的便利店见她。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的agreed可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。根据汉语提示，表示“松了口气”用sigh with relief。sigh意为“叹息，叹气”；relief意为“宽慰”。故填sighed with relief。
50. English became the official language for business despite the fact that the population was largely Chinese.(同义句改写)
English became the official language for business ____________________ the fact that the population was largely Chinese.
【答案】in spite of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：英语成为了商业的官方语言，尽管人口主要是中国人。根据题干要求进行同义句改写，原句中的despite为介词，意为“尽管”，其同义词短语为in spite of。故填in spite of。
51. The victory is very significant to our school’s football team.(同义句改写)
The victory is _________________________ to our school’s football team.
【答案】of great significance
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这场胜利对我们学校的足球队来说意义重大。根据题干要求，进行同义句改写，原句中is very significant表示“非常重要”，可以转换为be+of+great+抽象名词的结构，此处significant的名词为significance。故填of great significance。
52. Interested in building design and construction, he decided to_____________ (主修) civil engineering in college. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】major in
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于对建筑设计和施工感兴趣，他决定在大学主修土木工程。根据汉语提示可知，表示“主修”可用固定短语major in，再根据空格前的to可知应该用动词原形。故填major in。
53. 有孩子们在旁边说说笑笑，我发现我难以专心工作。(用with复合结构和doing做宾补翻译)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With the children talking and laughing beside me, I found it difficult to concentrate on my work.
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构、固定句型和时态。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；根据题干要求，可将“有孩子们在旁边说说笑笑”处理为with复合结构，宾语“孩子们”表达为the children，“说说笑笑”表达为talk and laugh，和宾语children是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补，状语“在我旁边”表达为beside me；“我发现我难以专心工作”为句子主干，“发现做某事是……的”用固定句型find it+adj.+ to do，宾补“困难的”用形容词difficult表达，宾语“专注于”用不定式to concentrate on表达，宾语“我的工作”用名词短语my work表达。综上，故翻译为With the children talking and laughing beside me, I found it difficult to concentrate on my work.
第二节：书面表达(15分)
54. 大家在讨论新时代要不要学习雷锋精神。校学生会将就此举办一次英语演讲比赛,要求大家谈谈在新的形势下如何继续向他学习。请你根据以下内容提示写一篇英语演讲稿。要点如下：
1新时代需要雷锋精神；
2.结合实例说明如何向他学习；
3.号召大家努力学习，培养社会责任感
注意:
1.词数100左右； 2.可根据内容要点适当发挥
Hello! Everyone!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hello! Everyone!
What we are going to talk about today is really meaningful, since some people have raised doubt about learning from Comrade Lei Feng. Should we still need to learn from him Surely, the answer is yes.
Our society calls for the spirit of Lei Feng. “To live is to serve the people” perfectly explains the real meaning of the long-lasting spirit. Nowadays, with volunteering spirit spreading throughout the world, we students can make use of our spare time to do some voluntary work for those in need and show great concern to people around us. All we need to do is help others whole-heartedly.
We teenagers need to be people who promote the long-lasting spirit. Thus, it is high time that we developed a sense of social responsibility and studied hard so that we can live up to our country’s expectations. I’m sure everybody can make a difference. Only in this way can we build a more harmonious society. The world needs love and care. Let’s do as Lei Feng did.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。大家在讨论新时代要不要学习雷锋精神。校学生会将就此举办一次英语演讲比赛,要求大家谈谈在新的形势下如何继续向他学习，由此要求考生写一篇英语演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
当然地：surely→certainly
呼吁：call for → appeal to
真正的：real→true
利用：make use of→ take advantage of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our society calls for the spirit of Lei Feng.
拓展句：Our society calls for the spirit of Lei Feng, which is educational for all the individuals.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What we are going to talk about today is really meaningful, since some people have raised doubt about learning from Comrade Lei Feng. （运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Thus, it is high time that we developed a sense of social responsibility and studied hard so that we can live up to our country’s expectations.（运用了so that引导的状语从句结构）
第三节：读后续写( 25分)
55. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When starting my sixth-grade year, I was nervous about many things. But nothing compared to the problem that I got to the age where my voice started changing. At first, the voice getting deep excited me. But then I learned before getting deeper, it can crack (变嘶哑).
The first time it happened I was so embarrassed. Surprisingly, my friends didn’t make fun of me. In fact, they didn’t even mention it. But in my self-conscious sixth-grade mind I was certain they made fun of me behind my back. They weren’t having the same problem.
After my first voice crack experience, I was determined to make sure it wouldn’t happen again. At least not in public. So, except for strategic times I said, “cool” and “yeah”, I didn’t talk. My logic was, “If I don’t use my voice, it cannot crack.” However, I couldn’t go without talking forever. I needed a new solution.
I began clearing my throat before speaking, which actually seemed to help. Limiting how much I spoke and clearing my voice made me much less stressful. This was great but there was a larger problem. I was much more scared about having a voice crack during class. My class had many new kids I’d never spoken with. I didn’t want their first impressions of me to be based on a voice crack.
Unfortunately, one day my concern came true. It was about two months after the beginning of the term. On the day it happened everything was the same as always until I got into the classroom. I noticed that we had a substitute teacher (代课老师) and immediately started thinking about how he would take attendance. My permanent teacher never had to, since he already knew each student, I panicked. So many thoughts rushed through my mind that I couldn’t think straight. I calmed myself down by telling myself that I only had to say one word “Here”. “Easy enough, right ” I thought so until my name was called. I did my routine — cleared my throat, took a breath, and said, “Here.” The only problem was that while saying this, I had the worst voice crack in the history of voice cracks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole class turned to look at me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Version 1:
The whole class turned to look at me. My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair of eyes fixed on me. The substitute teacher’s puzzled expression only added to the awkward moment. I wished the ground would open up and swallow me whole, but all I could do was shift uncomfortably in my seat. The whispers that followed were like knives to my self-esteem. When the bell finally rang for the break, I rushed out of the classroom, feeling utterly humiliated. It seemed like the whole school now knew about my voice crack.(87 words)
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said. His reassuring words caught me off guard. As he shared his own similar experiences, I realized I wasn’t alone in this struggle. Knowing that others were going through the same thing made me feel seen and understood. His empathy sparked a sense of team spirit and support that I hadn't anticipated. Gradually, I let go of the fear of judgment and started to embrace my voice cracks as a natural part of growing up. This newfound sense of confidence and self-acceptance transformed my interactions at school, making me feel more at ease and connected with my peers.(97 words)
Version 2:
The whole class turned to look at me. I felt my face turning red and wished the ground would open up and swallow me whole. The embarrassment was unbearable, and I couldn’t even bring myself to meet anyone’s gaze. After what felt like an eternity, the substitute teacher finally spoke up, breaking the awkward silence. He chuckled and said, “Well, that’s quite a lovely young voice!” The class laughed friendly along with him, and I managed a weak smile, wondering whether they were just trying to make me feel better. Finally, the bell rang and I walked out to have some fresh air. (94 words)
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said. “Everyone goes through it. It happens to most of us during this stage of life.” He explained how he had also experienced voice cracks and how he had learned to embrace them as a natural part of growing up. I looked at him in surprise, grateful for his reassurance. My initial embarrassment and concern gave way to gratitude and confidence. My classmates were understanding and supportive, just as my friends had been from the beginning. With their encouragement, I gradually became more confident in using my voice, accepting the changes that came with puberty without fear or shame. (98 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了上六年级的作者经历了声音突变。刚开始他对嗓音变低感到兴奋，但发现声音嘶哑后备感尴尬。尽管朋友并未嘲笑他，但他仍自卑，担心被人议论。为避免尴尬，他选择少说话，甚至在上课前清嗓子。然而，在代课老师的一堂课上老师点名，作者不得已必须答到，但就是这一声“到”让他尴尬不已。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全班都转过头来看着我。”可知，第一段可描写听到作者的声音后同学们的反应和作者的尴尬。
②由第二段首句内容“‘你知道，你在课堂上遇到的声音问题是正常的，’一个同学走过来对我说。”可知，第二段可描写作者得到同学的安慰和鼓励，开始勇敢接受破音的问题。
2.续写线索：受到全班同学的注视——感到万分尴尬——带着羞辱冲出教室——得到同学的安慰——正视和接受自己的问题
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope
②冲出：rush out/run out
③经受：go through/experience
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/confused/perplexed
②尴尬的：awkward/embarrassing
【点睛】[高分句型1]My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair of eyes fixed on me.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]The whispers that followed were like knives to my self-esteem.(运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Knowing that others were going through the same thing made me feel seen and understood.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句)东华高级中学2023-2024学年高一年级第二学期前段考
英语试题
本试题满分135分，考试时间120分钟
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If you want to sleep better at night, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are some ideal sleep music apps to choose from.
Calm
Calm is one of the most popular sleep music apps and its large library of relaxing and sleep-causing tracks is largely responsible for that. This app offers a free version, but to really take advantage of what Calm has to offer, you had better choose the paid version, which costs $ 69.99 for one year. A lifetime membership is $ 399.99.
Relax Melodies
Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises. Though its free version provides a great introduction to the idea of sleep music, the paid version unlocks a larger library of sounds. Consider paying for it if there're particular sounds or features that really attract you.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music. The Sleep icon at the bottom of the app is easy to identify and leads to a library of options that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radio. It's worth noting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscription. Headspace costs $ 69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.
Pzizz
Pzizz offers sleep music tracks you can use at naptime, bedtime, or to improve focus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm. It has a free version but you should pay for extra subscriptions.
1. Which app allows you to combine sleep music with breathing exercises
A. Calm. B. Headspace. C. Pzizz. D. Relax Melodies.
2. How much should you pay at least for the one-year subscription of Headspace
A. $12.99. B. $69.99. C. $155.88. D. $399.99.
3. What is special about Pzizz
A. Its voice for narration is fixed. B. It provides low and calm music.
C. It offers voice narration options. D. Its focus is sleep-specific music.
B
My grandfather was a rigid (刻板的) perfectionist. Everything had to be orderly, precise and punctual. I was frightened of him until the day he died. Growing up, my mother desperately wanted to please him. She probably thought he might leave if she didn’t.
In fact, I now think the fear of being left alone, abandoned, was a current throughout much of her life. A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer’s, my mother’s voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her, “Just be with yourself for a little while. Be calm and everything can be better.”
“No, I can’t do that. I don’t want to do that,” she said suddenly, closing the door on the subject. A while after my father died, she told me that she kept the television on all the time because it made her feel less lonely. “It makes the house seem to have more people living in it,” she said. I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off. But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness, I never reached for the remote control again.
We have had a long journey together, she and I. Over a half-century of memories, now that the journey has ended, I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off (抹去).
I choose to look at the ones that ache with a sweet truth not told often enough. There was love between us. It was just hard to find sometimes. I choose to remember her face on that winter day in Manhattan, when I came to her with a broken heart. I choose to remember walking on the shore with her in summers when we rented a beach house. Somehow the sea always changed us. I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet (手镯) that had belonged to my grandmother. “Something old,” she said.
4. What can we infer from the author’s words said to her mother in paragraph 2
A. The author comforted her.
B. The author praised her.
C. The author apologized to her.
D. The author blamed her.
5. Why did the author never reach for the remote control again
A. She would not turn the TV set on.
B. The remote control had broken down.
C. The remote control was hidden by her mother.
D. She would not turn the TV set off or turn it down.
6. How does the author deal with her half-century of memories of her mother
A. Ignore most of them.
B. Keep all of them in mind.
C. Forget some and analyze others.
D. Write things from her memories often.
7. What did the author’s mother do for her marriage
A. She took her to see her grandmother.
B. She arranged a tour in Manhattan.
C. She offered her a present.
D. She rented a beach house.
C
Cockatoos (凤头鹦鹉) are only the third animal besides humans and chimpanzees, known to pick tools flexibly based on the tasks they expect to face according to a study recently published in Current Biology.
In 2021, scientists observed that cockatoos fashioned three tools — a wedge (楔子), a knife and a spoon — to help open fruits. It showed that they were making tools with different functions, but an important question remained; Did the birds use the tools as a set for the same goal, or just as responses to the result of the use of the former
To answer it, researchers designed a special puzzle box inside which was a grand prize: a cashew (腰果), the favorite food of cockatoos. Getting it out of the box required two tools: a short, sharp tool that had to first cut a film blocking the bird’s access to the nut and a long pole that had to be stuck into the hole to fish out the cashew.
According to the observation, six of ten cockatoos found the correct solution. When a simpler box with no film was presented, they were likely to merely pick up the pole. Then the box was moved farther from the tools, meaning the birds had to choose the right tools and then carry them over. When deciding which tools to bring, the cockatoos planned ahead. If facing a box with a film, they figured out how to carry the tools together and would come prepared with both If without, they tended to bring the fishing pole.
The study shows that cockatoos can use and transport tool sets flexibly for immediate future use, and thus their tool use is more than the sum of its parts. The researchers now hope to see if the birds can manage this even when the box is not in direct view, and further explore the evolutionary history of tool use in this species.
Dr. Auersperg, one of the researchers, thinks the study proves an anti-bird phrase needs revising. “Bird brain,” she said, “should actually be a compliment.”
8. Why does the author mention the 2021 research in paragraph 2
A. To reveal its limitation. B. To review a significant study.
C. To establish the research goal. D. To introduce the research question.
9. Which is the last step for the cockatoos to get the reward
A. Consider tool use B. Cut a hole in the film.
C. Pull the pole from the box. D. Get out of the box to eat.
10. What does the underlined word “compliment” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Topic B. Reality C. Concern. D. Praise.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Cockatoos are creative problem solvers.
B. Cockatoos know to use tool sets flexibly.
C. Cockatoos are the third smartest animals.
D. Cockatoos adapt to environmental changes easily.
D
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones. By adjusting the hormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells. Next, the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density, while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstain. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
12. Why do researchers at MIT conduct the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To protect plant diversity.
C. To reduce tree losses. D. To predict forest disappearance.
13. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its theoretical basis. B. Its key procedures.
C. Its scientific evidence. D. Its usual difficulties.
14. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
B. They are better than naturally grown plants.
C. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
D. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
15. Why is the research ground-breaking according to Berenstain
A It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
C. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
D. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. ___16___ We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. ___17___ Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
___18___ Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. ___19___ Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. ___20___ Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A. It is a gradual affair.
B. Allow the book to grow with you.
C. It has some form of historical influence.
D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共二节;满分32.5分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For years, Sammie Vance, 14, has been helping kids who feel lonely make friends. She has been ___21___ the Buddy Bench program since the third grade. The program was that anyone at school feeling ___22___ could sit on the “buddy bench”, telling other kids he or she needed a friend.
Sammie got the ___23___ for the program at a summer camp in 2017. She thought it would be cool to have a buddy bench in her ___24___, so when she returned, she ___25___ the idea to the headteacher.
Getting ___26___ for the project was just the first step. “There have been a lot of other ___27___, like money,” Sammie says. To cut down costs and be eco-friendly, Sammie decided to make the bench out of ___28___ material. So she got her community to gather bottle caps.
___29___ of the project got out, and soon Sammie was getting caps from people in all 50 states, and even from people in Germany, the Netherlands, and other countries. ____30____, she collected more than 1,200 pounds of bottle caps. A company called Green Tree Plastics was ____31____ of upcycling (升级改造) these into three benches.
Not long after that, ____32____ her own school, more than 200 schools and parks nationwide, in Mexico and Australia ____33____ benches through the program as well. Her work continues to spread ____34____ far and wide. “We recently got a bench in Ghana, Africa,” she says.
Sammie thinks her small gesture can make other people’s day and that even small acts of kindness can ____35____.
21. A. imagining B. changing C. protesting D. running
22. A. sensitive B. curious C. lonely D. ashamed
23. A. inspiration B. intention C. principle D. practice
24. A. home B. school C. town D. country
25. A. returned B. lent C. presented D. delivered
26 A. comment B. discount C. appreciation D. approval
27. A. challenges B. complaints C. competitions D. evidences
28 A. common B. expensive C. recycled D. imported
29. A. Nature B. Word C. Part D. History
30. A. Eventually B. Absolutely C. Regularly D. Originally
31. A. fond B. capable C. proud D. aware
32. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. except for
33. A. acquired B. designed C. observed D. removed
34. A. information B. knowledge C. disease D. kindness
35. A. make sense B. make a difference C. come to life D. come to power
第二节 单词考查(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。
36. One example is the _________ (典型的，有代表性的) Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the New Year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
37. A ________________(代表) from the tour company will meet you at the check-in. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
38. He was faced with the ___________(进退两难的局面) of whether or not to return to his country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
39. During his _________________ (退休), he took up painting as a new hobby and found it brought him great joy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40. The company offers _______________(灵活的) working hours to accommodate employees’ personal schedules. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
41. The athlete’s performance in the race was _____________________ (难以置信地) impressive, breaking several records in the process. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
42. I enjoy reading books, but I only have __________________(偶尔的) time for it due to my busy schedule. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made ________ much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. （用适当的词填空）
44. Years of workout on a regular basis makes him look athletic and ________________(energy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. _____ (equip) with nothing, he plunged into the turbulent flow to rescue the drowning child. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三部分 写作(共三节;满分52.5分)
第一节 句子考查(共12.5分，填空题9.5分，每空0.5分;句子翻译一个3分)
46. We offer part-time Japanese classes. Besides, students can take classes in computing.(同义句改写)
We offer part-time Japanese classes. ______________________, students can take classes in computing.
47. Much ________________________(让她非常满意的是), she finally got the promotion she had been working so hard for. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
48. The museum exhibition showcased various artworks from different historical periods.(同义句改写)
The museum exhibition showcased ______________________ artworks from different historical periods.
49. I ____________________ (松了口气) and agreed to meet her at the convenience store down the road. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
50. English became the official language for business despite the fact that the population was largely Chinese.(同义句改写)
English became the official language for business ____________________ the fact that the population was largely Chinese.
51. The victory is very significant to our school’s football team.(同义句改写)
The victory is _________________________ to our school’s football team.
52. Interested in building design and construction, he decided to_____________ (主修) civil engineering in college. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
53. 有孩子们在旁边说说笑笑，我发现我难以专心工作。(用with复合结构和doing做宾补翻译)
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第二节：书面表达(15分)
54. 大家在讨论新时代要不要学习雷锋精神。校学生会将就此举办一次英语演讲比赛,要求大家谈谈在新的形势下如何继续向他学习。请你根据以下内容提示写一篇英语演讲稿。要点如下：
1新时代需要雷锋精神；
2结合实例说明如何向他学习；
3.号召大家努力学习，培养社会责任感
注意:
1.词数100左右； 2.可根据内容要点适当发挥
Hello! Everyone!
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第三节：读后续写( 25分)
55. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When starting my sixth-grade year, I was nervous about many things. But nothing compared to the problem that I got to the age where my voice started changing. At first, the voice getting deep excited me. But then I learned before getting deeper, it can crack (变嘶哑).
The first time it happened I was so embarrassed. Surprisingly, my friends didn’t make fun of me. In fact, they didn’t even mention it. But in my self-conscious sixth-grade mind I was certain they made fun of me behind my back. They weren’t having the same problem.
After my first voice crack experience, I was determined to make sure it wouldn’t happen again. At least not in public. So, except for strategic times I said, “cool” and “yeah”, I didn’t talk. My logic was, “If I don’t use my voice, it cannot crack.” However, I couldn’t go without talking forever. I needed a new solution.
I began clearing my throat before speaking, which actually seemed to help. Limiting how much I spoke and clearing my voice made me much less stressful. This was great but there was a larger problem. I was much more scared about having a voice crack during class. My class had many new kids I’d never spoken with. I didn’t want their first impressions of me to be based on a voice crack.
Unfortunately, one day my concern came true. It was about two months after the beginning of the term. On the day it happened everything was the same as always until I got into the classroom. I noticed that we had a substitute teacher (代课老师) and immediately started thinking about how he would take attendance. My permanent teacher never had to, since he already knew each student, I panicked. So many thoughts rushed through my mind that I couldn’t think straight. I calmed myself down by telling myself that I only had to say one word “Here”. “Easy enough, right ” I thought so until my name was called. I did my routine — cleared my throat, took a breath, and said, “Here.” The only problem was that while saying this, I had the worst voice crack in the history of voice cracks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole class turned to look at me.
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“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said.
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