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8B U5 Good manners
【Integrated skills& Study skills 】重点单词
1. public adj.公共的；公开的；公开场合的，大庭广众的；公众的； →public n.民众，群体
2.explain vt.&vi.解释 →explanation n.解释
3.warn vt.&vi.警告，告诚 →warning n.警告
4.parking n.停车 → park v.停车；停放车辆 → park n.公园
5.litter [U] n.垃圾，杂物 →litter vi.乱扔垃圾，乱丢杂物 →litter vt.使乱七八糟，使凌乱
→(近义词)rubbish n.垃圾
6.successful adj.成功的 →(反义词)unsuccessful adj.不成功的 →successfully adv.成功地；顺利地
→success n.成功，胜利；成功的人(或事) →succeed v.成功；继承
→(反义词)unsuccessful adj.不成功的 →successfully adv.成功地；顺利地
→success [U] n. 成功，胜利 [C] n. 成功的人或事
→adj. successful 成功的；获得成功的；有成就的 →adv. successfully 成功地;顺利地
→succeed vi.成功；继承；达到目的；实现目标
7.sometime adv.(=some time)在某时
8.risk vt.冒险做 →risk n.危险；风险 →risky adj.有危险(或风险)的
9.* worm n.软体虫，蠕虫
10.pain n.痛，疼痛；苦恼；烦恼；令人头痛的人(或事) →pain v.使痛苦；使苦恼
→painful adj.令人痛苦的，令人疼痛的；艰难的 →painfully adv.令人痛苦地 →painless adj.无痛的
11.* gain n.收获
12.*indeed adv.真正地
13.practice n.练习；训练；实践 →practise(=practice) v.练习，实践；训练；从事
14.candle n.蜡烛
【Integrated skills& Study skills 】重点短语
1. public signs 公共标志
2.be used in public places 在公共场合被使用
3.bright in colours 颜色明亮
4.help explain things 帮忙解释事情
5.explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
6.keep us safe from danger 使我们安全而远离危险
7.keep sb.from danger 使某人远离危险
8.warn sb.(not)to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事
9.paintings by sb. 某人画的画
10.take a photo of... 拍一张......的照片
11.happen to sb. 发生在某人身上
12.soon after 不久以后
13.in order to be successful 为了成功
14.in order to 为了……
15.make a job easier to complete 使工作更容易完成
16.risk losing everything all at one time 冒着一次性失去所有的危险
17.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
18.on the other side 在另一边
19.at both ends 在两头
20.just as the saying goes 就像谚语说的
21. make his dream come true 使他的梦想实现
22.after years of hard work 在多年的努力工作后
23.keep practising speaking English every day 每天坚持练习说英语
24.keep doing sth. 不断地做某事
25.in fact 事实上
26.cook delicious meals 做美味的饭菜
【Integrated skills& Study skills 】重点句型
1. Look at this famous painting by Picasso. 看这幅毕加索的名画。
2.It says“No photos”. 上面写着“禁止拍照”。
3.I didn't notice that sign just now. 我刚才没注意那个标志。
4.Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life. 人人皆有得意时。
5.The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
6.It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。
7.Many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高。
8.Every dog has its day. 人人皆有得意时。
9.Put all your eggs in one basket. 孤注一掷。
10.The grass is always greener on the other side. 这山望着那山高。
11.Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
12.No pain,no gain. 不劳则无获。
13.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
14.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
15.You cannot burn the candle at both ends. 蜡烛不能两头点(精力不可过度耗)。
16.It’s excellent! Let me take a photo of it. 太棒了!让我给它拍张照吧。
17. I'm coming, but we shouldn’t shout in the museum, Shirley. 我来了,但是雪莉,我们不应该在博物馆叫喊。
Integrated skills &Study skills——Key points
01.explain
[教材原句] Help explain things and give us useful information 帮助解释事情，并给我们提供有用的信息
[考点精析] explain vt.&vi.解释 →explanation n. 解释
▲①explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb. sth. 向某人解释某事
▲②explain that 从句
▲③explain + 特殊疑问词 + to do sth.
02.keep sb. from sth.
[教材原句] Keep us safe from danger 使我们安全，避免危险 (教材P72)
[考点精析] keep sb. from sth. 使某人远离某物，使某人免受……
☆Please keep the children from the river. 请让孩子们远离那条河。
[联想拓展] keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做/免受某事
☆The heavy rain kept us from going out. 大雨阻止了我们出去。
☆We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须阻止他们知道我们的计划。
[单选常考混淆辨析]
A.run out of 用完 B.catch up with 赶上 C.get on with 和……友好相处 D.keep away from 避开
[复习回顾—keep sth. away from…—7B U7 reading ]
[教材原句] Keep your hair away from fire. 使你的头发远离火。
[考点精析] keep sth. away from… 使某物远离……
▲keep sb./sth. from doing sth. = prevent sb./sth. from doing sth. = stop sb./sth. doing sth. 保护…免受……；阻止某人做某事
[考点精析][中考考点] keep的用法： keep v.保持 →(Ved) kept
▲①keep+adj. 保持某种状态
▲②keep sb./sth. + adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态
▲③keep sb./sth. +prep. 短语 使某人/某物……
▲④keep (on) doing sth. 持续不断做某事
▲⑤keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 = stop /prevent sb. from doing sth.
▲⑥keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
[联想拓展][中考考点] keep 的相关短语：
◆keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康 [7A U6]
◆keep a secret 保守秘密 = keep secrets [8A U1]
◆keep(on)doing sth. 持续不断做某事/继续，重复做某事 [8A U2]
◆keep it secret 保密 [8A U4 ]
◆keep in touch 保持联系. [8B U1] ◆keep in touch (with ...) (与....)保持联系
◆keep sb. from sth. 保护，使免受 [8B U5]
◆ keep sb. from doing sth. = stop /prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
◆keep .…in order 使…保持井然有序 [9A U1]
◆keep quite 保持安静
◆keep away from = keep off 远离
◆keep a/the record 保持纪录
◆keep one’s promise 信守诺言 [9年级考点]
◆keep up with 跟上 ◆keep in mind 牢记 ◆keep on 继续(进行)
◆keep+adj. 保持某种状态 ◆ keep sb./sth. + adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态
◆keep sb./sth. +prep. 短语 使某人/某物…… ◆ keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
[常考辨析][中考考点] lend,borrow和keep的用法区别
易混词 含义 表示 用法
lend→lent 借出，借给 主语把东西借给他人 lend sb.sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
borrow 借入，借来 主语从他人处借来东西 borrow sth. from sb. = borrow sb. sth. 向某人借某物
keep→kept 借；保存 主语借用并保存一段时间 keep sth. for +一段时间 借某物多长时间
注意 borrow 和 lend都是非延续性动词,不能与一段时间连用;
keep是延续性动词,可以与一段时间连用
[辨析口诀] “借”有技巧：
主语“借出”用lend，主语“借入”用borrow，想要“保存”用keep.
[拓展提升—keep doing sth.—8B U5]
[教材原句] If you keep practising speaking English every day,you will be better at it.
如果你坚持每天练习说英语，你将会更擅长它。 (教材P75)
[考点精析] keep doing sth. 一直/继续做某事
▲keep后可接动词-ing形式或复合宾语，但不可接动词不定式或含动词不定式的复合宾语。
☆You'll make progress if you keep working hard. 如果你继续努力学习，你将会取得进步。
[联想拓展] keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 ,后常接一段时间。
☆The boss kept them working twelve hours a day. 老板让他们一天工作12个小时。
03.warn v.警告；告诫
[教材原句] Warn us not to do something 警告我们不要做某事
[考点精析] warn vt.&vi.警告，告诚 →warning n.警告，告诫
▲①◆warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告/告诫某人(不要)做某事
▲②warn sb. of/about sth. 警告某人某事；提醒某人注意某事
▲③warn sb. against (doing) sth. 提醒某人当心/提防(做)某事；警告某人不要做某事
▲④warn + that 从句 警告；告诫......
04.No parking
[教材原句] No parking 禁止停车 (教材P72)
[考点精析] No+名词/动名词! 禁止/不准做某事!
▲No+名词/动名词! = Don't+动词原形! =You mustn't +动词原形! 表示“禁止/不准做某事!”，常用于公共场所的提示语中
☆No smoking! =Don't smoke! =You mustn't smoke! 禁止吸烟!
☆No eating or drinking! 请勿饮食!
[联想拓展] parking n.停车 →park vt.&vi.停车 →park n.公园
◆No parking. 禁止停车 ◆parking area/lot 停车场 ◆parking space 停车位 ◆underground parking 地下停车场
05.sometime
[教材原句] everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life
每个人在他们人生中的某个时候都会幸运或者成功 (教材P74)
[考点精析] sometime adv.在某时 ,是指一个不确定的时间。
☆I met him sometime last month. 我在上个月的某个时候见过他。
[常考辨析] sometime，some time，sometimes 与 some times
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法及常考搭配
sometime 在某时，某个时间 指将来或过去的某个不明确的时间
some time 一段时间 名词性短语，此时time是不可数名词，意为“时间”
sometimes adv.有时 频度副词，意为“有时”,在句中作状语。位置灵活，可位于句首或句中
some times 几次；几倍 此时time是可数名词，意为“次，次数；倍数”
[解题技巧] 相连是某时，分开是一段；相连“s”是有时，分开“s”是次数。
☆I'll go to see you sometime next week. 我下周某个时间将去看你。
☆I spend some time reading English every day. 我每天花一些时间读英语。
☆Sometimes I go shopping with my friends. 有时我和朋友们一起去购物。
☆Even friends sometimes disagree. 即使是朋友，有时也会意见不合。
☆I have been there some times. 我去过那儿几次了。
06.successful adj.成功的
[教材原句] everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life 每个人在生活中的某个时候都会是幸运的或者成功的
[考点精析] successful adj.成功的；获得成功的；有成就的，可作定语或表语。
→(反义词)unsuccessful adj.不成功的 →successfully adv.成功地；顺利地
→success [U] n. 成功，胜利 [C] n. 成功的人或事
→succeed vi.成功；继承；达到目的；实现目标
▲①succeed in sth. 在某方面成功
▲②succeed (in) doing sth. = do sth. successfully 成功做某事
[单选常考混淆辨析]
A.young 年轻的 B.successful 成功的 C.happy 高兴的 D.friendly 友好的
[拓展提升—succeed—9A U4] ▲succeed 为不及物动词，无被动语态
◆succeed in sth. 在某方面成功
◆succeed (in) doing sth. = do sth. successfully 成功做某事
[拓展提升—be a great success—9A U7 task ]
[教材原句] In 1995 his film Rumble in the Bronx was a great success in Hollywood. 在1995年，他的电影《红番区》在好莱坞大获成功。
[考点精析] success [U] n. 成功 [C] n. 成功的人或事
→adj. successful 成功的;获得成功的;有成就的 →adv. successfully 成功地;顺利地
→succeed vi.成功;达到目的;实现目标
[拓展提升—successfully—9B U2 reading ]
[教材原句] He successfully brought the spacecraft down into the western Pacific Ocean. 他成功地使宇宙飞船落入西太平洋。
[考点精析] successfully adv.成功地，常用来修饰动词。
07.soon after
[教材原句] when one bad thing happens to you,other bad things happen soon after
[考点精析] soon after 不久以后
[常考辨析] soon after 与 after a while
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法及常考搭配
soon after 作连词时 后面跟所要连接的成分
不久以后 作副词时 可单独使用
after a while 不久，过了；一会儿 相当于after a moment,是一个完整的介宾短语，后面不能再加宾语。
08.in order to
[教材原句] you have to do something before others in order to be successful
为了成功你必须在其他人之前先做些事情 (教材P74)
[考点精析] in order to 为了，以便 ，后接动词原形，表示目的，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中，
▲①in order to = so as to 为了，以便
▲②in order to do sth. 为了做某事 →(否定形式为) in order not to do sth. 为了不做某事
☆In order to improve her pronunciation,she listens to English over the radio every day. 为了改善她的发音，她每天通过广播听英语。
☆We started early in order to arrive before dark. 为了在天黑之前到达，我们很早就动身了。
[联想拓展] in order that… 为了……，后接目的状语从句，从句谓语动词前常加can，could，may，might等情态动词。
☆I lent him my bike in order that he could save time. 我把我的自行车借给了他，以便他能节省时间。
09.risk v.冒险做
[教材原句] risk losing everything all at one time 冒着一次失去一切的危险
[考点精析] risk vt.冒险做 ,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
▲risk vt.冒险做 →risk n.危险；风险；冒险 →risky adj.有危险(或风险)的
▲①risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 ◆at the risk of... 冒着......的危险 ◆take a risk 冒风险
▲②risk one's life to do sth. 某人冒着生命危险做某事
☆It is better to be bored than to risk getting hurt. 无聊比冒受伤的风险要好。
[联想拓展] risk n.危险；风险”。常用短语有：
◆at risk 处境危险；受到威胁 ◆take a risk/risks 冒险 ◆at the risk of doing sth. 冒着做某事的风险
[常考辨析] risk，danger 和 endanger
易混词汇 词性及含义 用法及常考搭配
risk n.风险 含有“主动冒险”的意思
danger n.危险 指目前的危险，也可指今后的或不定发生的危险
endanger v.使……受到危险 是danger的动词形式，意为“使……受到危险”
10.keep doing sth.
[教材原句] If you keep practising speaking English every day,you will be better at it.
如果你坚持每天练习说英语，你将会更擅长它。 (教材P75)
[考点精析] keep doing sth. 一直/继续做某事
▲keep后可接动词-ing形式或复合宾语，但不可接动词不定式或含动词不定式的复合宾语。
☆You'll make progress if you keep working hard. 如果你继续努力学习，你将会取得进步。
[联想拓展] keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 ,后常接一段时间。
☆The boss kept them working twelve hours a day. 老板让他们一天工作12个小时。
11.practise doing sth.
[教材原句] If you keep practising speaking English every day,you will be better at it.
如果你坚持每天练习说英语，你将会更擅长它。 (教材P75)
[考点精析] practice n.练习；训练；实践 →practice(=practise) v.练习；训练
→practice v.&n. (美式英语)练习；训练 →practise(英式英语) v.练习；训练 →practice(英式英语) n.练习；训练
▲practise doing sth. 练习做某事
◆actual practice 实际应用 ◆out of practice 疏于练习 ◆put into practice 实施，实行
◆group practice 小组实践活动 ◆established practice 惯例；成规
★Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

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