资源简介 Book 4 Unit1 Fiction 单词知识点清单1.test out 检验;测试try out 试用;测试;试验give out 分发;用完leave out省略;遗漏set out (to do sth.)出发;开始(做某事)turn out 证明是;结果是put out 扑灭let out 出租(土地、房屋);发出(声音)work out锻炼;计算出;解决make out 弄清;理解;看出;听出;明白cut out 割掉,剪下2.ridiculous /r d kj l s/ adj.愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的a ridiculous idea荒唐的主意look ridiculous看上去可笑sound ridiculous 听起来荒谬absolutely/totally ridiculous荒谬绝伦It is ridiculous that... 是荒谬的3.integrity / n teɡr ti/ n.诚实正直;完整;完好a man of integrity 正直的人behave with integrity行为表现诚实正直the territorial integrity领土完整the integrity of a work of art一件艺术品的完整性4.dignity / d ɡn ti/ n.庄重;庄严;尊严maintain dignity不失尊严lose dignity失去尊严stand on your dignity保持尊严beneath your dignity有失尊严with dignity 有尊严的(地)5.salary / s l ri/ n.薪水;薪金earn/get/receive a salary 赚工资pay sb.a salary付给某人工资offer sb.a salary给某人工资salary raise/increase 加薪比salary/wage/pay/fee·salary通常指教师、经理等行业的月薪。·wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。·pay指做完具体工作给的报酬。·fee指给律师、医生等专业人员的服务费、咨询费或加入某组织的费用。如legal fees律师费,membership fees 会费。6.as a favour 出于好意ask a favour(of sb.)请求(某人)帮忙favour n.帮助,恩惠,赞同vt.较喜欢;有利于;选择do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙;给某人做件事owe sb.a favour欠某人一个人情in one’s favour 对某人有利in favour of 支持,赞同favourable adj.有利的“in+名词+of”型短语:in honour of为了纪念in charge of负责in celebration of为了庆祝in possession of拥有absurd / b s rd/ adj.荒谬的;荒唐的an absurd idea 荒唐的想法an absurd mistake 可笑的错误an absurd theory 谬论absolutely absurd 荒谬绝伦highly absurd极其荒唐8.appointment / p ntm nt/ n.预约;约会;委任;任命;职务make/have an appointment with sb.与某人约会keep/break an appointment守/违约resign one's appointment辞去某人的职务appoint vt.安排;确定(时间、地点等);任命;委任appoint sb. as/to be...任命某人为······appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事appointed adj.约定的,指定的9.guilty / ɡ lti/ adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的feel guilty about 对······感到内疚be guilty of 犯有······罪be guilty of a crime有罪,犯罪have a guilty conscience 问心有愧guilty acts 罪行guilt n.内疚;犯罪,过失a sense of guilt 内疚感10.suspend /s spend/ vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓;使暂时停职be suspended in 悬浮suspend production 暂停生产suspend payment 暂停付款suspend sb. from duty暂停某人的职务11.dismiss /d s m s/ vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除;不予考虑dismiss a class下课dismiss the thought 打消念头dismiss sb.for因······而解雇某人dismiss sb.from sb.’s job解雇某人dismissal n.解雇,开除;不予考虑;解散12.declare /d kler/ vt.表明;宣称;公布declare for/against表示赞成/反对declare that...宣布······declare...to be...将······宣布为······declare sth. (to be) illegal宣布·······非法declare independence from...宣布从······独立declare war on...向······宣战declare oneself to be...宣称自己······declaration n.声明,宣告the declaration of war 宣战Universal Declaration of HumanRights《世界人权宣言》13.whereas / wer z/ conj.然而;但是;尽管·while 强调的是对比,表示上下文有不同、有对比,但这个不同不一定是表示相反含义的。He is a worker while I am a doctor.他是工人,而我是医生。·whereas强调的是相反。Some people like fat meat,whereas others hate it.有些人喜欢肥肉,而另一些人则讨厌它。14.rumour /'ru:m (r)/ n.谣言;传闻spread rumours about sb. 散布关于某人的谣言the rumour about关于······的传闻all sorts of rumours各种谣言the source of rumours 谣言的来源15.presume /pr zu m/ vt.&vi.假设;假定presumption n.假定,推定I presume so. 我想是的。It is presumed that...据推测······presume from从······中推测拓类似构词法:·assume v.假定,假设;承担;就职;取得;呈现assumption n.假定,假设;承担;获得·consume v.使用;消费;消耗consumption n.使用;消耗·resume v.重新开始;回到resumption n.重新开始;恢复15.fare /fer/ n.车费;船费;飞机票价bus/taxi/train/air fares公共汽车费/出租汽车费/火车票价/飞机票价round trip fare往返票价half-fare半票比 fare/fee/tip/expense·fare 车费;船费;(交通工具)票价·fee(付给专业人员,如医生、律师的)酬金·tip小费;赏钱·expense 开支;费用16.weekly / wi kli/ adj.每周的n.周刊a weekly magazine周刊weekly meetings 周会a news weekly 新闻周刊daily adj.每日的n.日报monthly adj.每月的n.月刊yearly adj.每年的17.on a(n)...basis 根据;以······的方式(基准)on a long-term basis 长期地on a regular basis 定期on a consistent basis 始终如一地;连续地basis n.方式;准则;基础social basis 社会基础basis of friendship 友谊的基础on the basis of根据;在······的基础上;基于base vt.以······为根据n.基部,基地,基础base...on...以······为根据/基础be based on/upon以······为基础/依据basically adv.基本上,大体上18.calculate / k lkjule t/ vt.计算;核算;预测calculate the total cost of the trip算出旅行的全部费用calculate the result算出结果calculate that...算出,推算出calculate on/upon依靠;期待;指望;计算be calculated to do sth. 故意做/打算做/可能做某事calculation n.计算;估算;推算calculated adj.精心策划的;蓄意的It is/was calculated that... 据估算······work out 计算出;制订出figure out计算(数量或成本)19.be recruited to被招募······be recruited to the top position被招聘到最高职位be recruited to the member of the advisory council被招募为顾问团成员recruit v.吸收(新成员);招收;征募(新兵)recruit the students 招收学生recruit volunteers 招募志愿者recruit from 从······招收recruit sb.into the forces 招兵,征兵20.pros and cons事物的利与弊;支持与反对拓“优点与缺点”的其他表达法advantages and disadvantagesstrengths and weaknesses21. superior/su p ri r/ adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的n.上级;上司反义词:inferior adj.较差的;次的;级别低的n.级别(或地位)低的人(be)superior to比·······更好;更胜一筹(be)superior in在······方面占优势be inferior to低于·······,不如·······;在······之下be senior to 比······年长/资历深/职位高be junior to 比·······年轻/资历浅/职位低上述短语中to(介词)不能换为than,因为to前面的形容词本身含有比较意义。22.take over占上风;取而代之;接管;接手;接替;接任;占领take over a company接管公司take over a job 接手一份工作拓take in吸收;欺骗;理解,领会take on呈现;雇用;承担;决定做take back收回;撤回(说过的话);退回take up 占用(时间、空间);继续;开始做;接受;开始从事take off脱掉(衣服等);起飞;突然大受欢迎,迅速流行take down写下,记下;拆除23.conflict with与······冲突或抵触conflict n.冲突,矛盾v.冲突;抵触in conflict(with sb.)(和某人)冲突come into conflict with sb.与某人发生冲突/争执bring sb. into conflict with使某人与······发生冲突the conflict over对······的争议/冲突the conflict between...and...······和······之间的冲突24.beside the point离题;不相关,无关紧要反义词:to thepoint简洁中肯;简明恰当off the point离题,不切题,走题;不中要害beside the mark 不切题,不相关beside the question不切题,不相关beside oneself(因情绪)失去自制力;失常25. grip /ɡr p/ vt.,vi.&n.紧握;抓紧vt.使感兴趣;使激动;吸引住(某人的)注意grip the rope 抓紧绳子grip her arm 抓住她的手臂keep a tight grip 紧紧抓住grip sb.使某人感兴趣;使某人激动;吸引住某人的注意26.fetch /fet / vt.(去)拿来;(去)请来fetch sb.sth./fetch sth.for sb.为某人拿来某物fetch me a drink 给我拿杯饮料来fetch a doctor 去请医生易混词take拿走,携带bring带来 拿来27.turn out关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是形容词turn out + to be 结果是······that从句turn up调高(音量等);出现,被找到turn down 调低(音量等);拒绝turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turn off关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turn to 求助于;转向;翻到turn into 变成turn away 拒绝······进入;弃用turn against(使)与······反目成仇;变得敌对turn over 翻身;移交,转变28. pace /pe s/n.速度;步伐;节奏vt.&vi.确定速度;调整节奏;来回踱步at a(n)...pace以······速度at a steady/gentle/leisurely pace以稳定的/徐缓的/悠闲的步子keep pace with...与······并驾齐驱pace the room在房间里踱来踱去pace about走来走去,来回踱步pace round sth.在······四处走动29.fall away (逐渐)减少;消失fall back后退,撤退,退却fall behind 落后fall off数量减少;质量下降fall down跌倒;掉下;倒塌;失败fall ill生病fall in love with 爱上,喜爱30. division /d v ( )n/ n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法);分歧;分配divide v.(使)分开;使产生分歧;分成a division of······的分配a fair division of time and resources时间和资源的合理分配the division of labour between the sexes男女分工31.urge / rd / n.强烈的欲望;冲动vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐have an urge to do sth.有强烈的欲望做某事urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事urge that...(should)do sth.极力主张······;强调······It is urged that...(should)do sth. 极力主张······从句用虚拟语气urgent adj.急迫的,紧急的an urgent message 紧急消息an urgent appeal for information紧急呼吁提供信息in urgent need of 急需urgency n.紧迫;急迫;急事no sense of urgency 没有紧迫感a matter of urgency 当务之急“劝说某人做某事”的表达还有:persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事32.random / r nd m/ adj.随机的;不可思议的n.随意randomly adv.任意地;随便地;胡乱地a random sample 随机抽样make a random choice 随便选择a random guess 瞎猜random remarks胡说八道,随便说的话at random 随意;随机33.maximum / m ks m m/ adj.最大极限的n.最大量;最大限度minimum adj.最低的;最小的;最低限度的n.最小量;最低限度the maximum speed/temperature最快速度/最高气温the maximum effect 最佳效果have a maximum speed of 120 mph最高时速120英里get the maximum benefit获得最大利益up to a maximum of $1,000最高达1000美元34.explode / k splo d/ vi.&v.爆炸;爆破;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险)vi.突然爆发;激增explode with/into 勃然(大怒);大发(雷霆);突然发生(危险);突然爆发,进发(感情)explode with anger/rage勃然大怒explode into laughter突然大笑起来the exploding world population激增的世界人口explosion n.爆炸;爆发;激增set off the explosion 引起爆炸result in an explosion 引起爆炸35.stun /st n/ vt.使震惊;使昏迷;给(某人)以深刻印象;使深深感动stunning adj.给人以深刻印象的;绝妙的;令人震惊的stun the movie world震惊电影界be stunned by one's beauty惊叹某人的美丽be stunned terrifically 印象非常好表示“吃惊”的词:astonishing 惊人的surprising令人惊讶的,出人意料的shocking令人震惊的句式+必备干货1.suggest+宾语从句教材例句 He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.他还建议在他离开,也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上,克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。suggest表“建议”,后接从句时,从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。但suggest作“表明”讲时,其后宾语从句则不用虚拟语气。His expression suggested that he was puzzled about her explanation.他的表情表明他对她的解释很困惑。从句用虚拟语气的动词还有:坚决要求 insist (insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”时,其后宾语从句不用虚拟语气)命令order, command建议advise,propose,recommend要求request,require,demand,desire,urgeThe workers demanded that their wages(should)be raised.工人们要求提高他们的工资。2.It will not be long before...用不了多久就会······教材例句...AI researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything.······人工智能研究人员表示,用不了多久,人工智能就能在几乎所有游戏中获胜。该句式中,it表时间,before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。It will be + some time + before .多久之后就······It was + sometime + before .过了多久才······It has been + sometime + since . . d i d .自从······多久了。3.with 复合结构教材例句 With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school students cored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination.使用转换为盲文的高考试卷,一位高中的视障学生考取了630分(总分650)。with是介词,后接宾语(名词或代词)以及宾语补足语构成with复合结构。(1)with+宾语+doing(doing表示主动或正在进行的动作)(2)with+宾语+done(done 表示被动或已完成的动作)(3)with+宾语+to do(to do 表示将来的动作)(4)with+宾语+介词短语/adj./adv./名词短语4.强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that +其他.数材例司It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.今天上午十点,所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。①基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that +其他.”,该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等,但不能强调谓语。②句式变化:一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+ that+其他 特殊疑问句:疑问词+is/was it that +其他 ①it不能用其他词代替。②被强调部分指人时,可以用who代替that。③属于现在或将来时间范畴的时态用is;属于过去时间范畴的时态用 was.④强调句型与 not.until连用:It is/was+not until...that+其余部分It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it 直到下公共汽车后我才意识到它。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览