资源简介

2023学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语　试卷　　　　　2024.4
（满分140）
考生注意：
考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
A. Early morning B. Midday C. Afternoon D. Late at night
A. Improved flexibility B. Stress relief C. Weight loss D. Muscle building
A. Change in meeting venue B. Frequent rescheduling
C. Long meeting duration D. Lack of agenda
A. Humor and love stories
B. Thrilling and suspense
C. Creative fantasy and futuristic visions
D. Documentaries for learning about real-world events
A. Filled with exciting challenges and projects B. Surprisingly relaxed and stress-free
C. Productive but a bit overwhelming D. Unpredictable and full of surprises
A. If it offers any unique or signature drinks
B. Whether the coffee is freshly brewed
C. If it has a cozy atmosphere and comfortable seating
D. If it has free Wi-Fi and a quiet environment
A. Exploring the latest movies at the cinema B. Going on an adventurous hiking trip
C. Taking a leisurely stroll in the park D. Attending a live music performance
A. Nervous but satisfied with the change B. Regretful and uncertain about the style
C. Uninterested and indifferent to his appearance D. Excited and confident with the new look
A. Boring and uninteresting B. Dull and slow-paced
C. A real page-turner D. Too complex to follow
A. Whether it helps with focus and concentration
B. If it’s a time-consuming practice
C. If it involves meditation or other techniques
D. How it affects sleep patterns and overall well-being
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A. The invention of the Intelligent Rail Transit (IRT) in China.
B. The development of public transportation systems in urban areas.
C. The innovative transportation solution to traffic congestion.
D. The benefits of electric-powered vehicles in reducing pollution.
A. Lower pollution. B. Higher passenger capacity.
C. 5G communications system. D. Automated driving system.
A. Identifying virtual track routes. B. Prioritizing passage at traffic lights.
C. Controlling movement with sensors. D. Ensuring safety through machine vision.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. The history of Chinese New Year celebrations.
B. The debate over banning fireworks during Chinese New Year.
C. The environmental impact of fireworks.
D. The cultural significance of the Spring Festival.
A. Over 80 percent of people support fireworks.
B. Most people believe fireworks bans are necessary.
C. There are few objections to fireworks bans.
D. The majority of people prefer quiet celebrations during the festival.
A. Limited enforcement resources.
B. Public resistance leading to unrest.
C. Economic concerns from manufacturers.
D. Environmental activism pressures lawmakers.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
A. Staying at home and relaxing. B. Traveling to European countries.
C. Taking extra courses. D. Doing part-time jobs.
A. To relax and unwind. B. To explore new countries.
C. To get ahead on credits. D. To do volunteer work.
A. To relax and get ready for more experiences.
B. To explore new countries in a totally fresh way.
C. to contribute and have a positive impact.
D. To save up for tuition fees as well as expectations.
A. He thinks it's a smart move. B. He believes she should relax instead.
C. He is indifferent. D. He thinks she should join him for volunteer work.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A French bakery has become a tourist attraction in Nanping township, which is part of Zhuhai, a coastal city in Guangdong province.
Papa Romantic, located in Beishan community, attracts a large number of Chinese and foreigners alike. After (21) _______ (taste)the bakery's bread, some Chinese students who have returned from abroad have expressed admiration, while foreigners who lived in Zhuhai but moved to other Chinese cities such as Beijing (22) _______ (continue) to have bread and pastries from the shop (23) _______ (ship) to them.
The bakery is a welcoming environment for those who want to sit and enjoy authentic French cuisine.
On one side is a well-preserved old ancestral hall, and on the other side are lush trees that provide shade (24) _______ the sun. The shop has a bright storefront, and the aroma of the bread, the aluminum tables and the chairs under sun umbrellas display a peaceful atmosphere away from the hustle and bustle.
At Papa Romantic, the best-selling items include baguettes, croissants, sandwiches, crepes and cookies. In addition, some unique treats such as fig bread and colorful macrons are also popular among young customers.
Owner and baker Ronan Salaun, (25) _______ comes from the Brittany region of France, said the ingredients at his bakery (26) ______ (import), and he refuses to use chemicals or additives in his food.
(27) _______ his friends return to France, they know they need to bring him some crystal salt from a natural salt pond in France. The black pepper he uses comes from Madagascar.
"Simple things are important, and the quality of salt and pepper makes a big difference," Salaun said.
While remaining true to his French roots, he has also taken into consideration the dietary habits of Chinese people. "Chinese locals prefer soft crust bread, while French like the crusty one. I sell both kinds. I can't just maintain the original characteristics; I must adapt to locals' preferences," he said.
A former mechanical engineer, Salaun, was sent by a Hong Kong company to work at a furniture factory in Wanzai township, Zhuhai, in November 2000. He said he couldn't have imagined how much his life would change with that move.
At that time, Wanzai was a tiny town (28) _______ (border) Macao known for its flower trade.
For Salaun, life in Wanzai seemed simple and rustic. He remembers (29) _______ when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub.
Although the living and working conditions were not as favorable as (30) ______ abroad, Salaun grew to love Zhuhai, which is located at the mouth of the Pearl River.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. conservation B. relocate C. momentarily D. program E. critical F. initiative G. ensure H. permanently I. additional J. reserve K. unexpected
A team of scientists led by Alejandro Arteaga, grantee of The Explorers Club Discovery Expeditions and researcher at Khamai Foundation, discovered three new cryptozoic (living underground) snakes dwelling under graveyards (墓地) and churches in remote towns in the Andes region of Ecuador.
It was an exploration that led to the most (31) _______ of places.
First published in the journal, Zookeys, Arteaga and his team named the small brown color-patterned snakes in honor of institutions or people supporting the exploration and (32) _______ of remote cloud forests in the tropics.
The Discovery Ground Snake (Atractus discovery) was found underground in a small graveyard. Two (33) _______ new species were found near an old church and inside a small school. Destruction of the snake's native forest habitat may have forced them to (34) _______ to these people-less areas according to Arteaga's findings.
Atractus discovery was named to honor The Explorers Club Discovery Expedition Grants (35) _______, a program seeking to foster scientific understanding for the betterment of humanity and all life on Earth and beyond. The grant program supports researchers and explorers from around the world in their quest to ease the climate change crisis, prevent the extinction of species and cultures, and (36) _______ the health of the Earth and its inhabitants.
Atractus zgap was named in honor of the Zoological Society for the Conservation of Species and Populations (ZGAP), a(n) (37) _______ seeking to conserve unknown but highly endangered species and their natural environment.
Atractus michaelsabini was named in honor of Michael Sabin, grandson of American philanthropist and conservationist Andrew Sabin. Through conservation organization Re:wild, the Sabin family has supported field research of threatened reptiles and has protected thousands of acres of (38) _______ habitat throughout the world.
“The discovery of these new snakes is only the first step towards a much larger conservation project,” says Arteaga. “We have already started the process of establishing a nature (39) _______ to protect the ground snakes. This action would not have been possible without first unveiling the existence of these unique and cryptic reptiles, even if it meant (40) _______ disturbing the peace of the dead in the graveyard where they lived.”
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group, is allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China can use mobile payments without any hurdles.
Alipay's move comes amid China's intensified efforts to further improve foreigners' payment (41) _______ in the country.
Alipay has allowed foreigners in China to link their (42) _______ bank cards, including Visa and Mastercard, to its mobile payment tool, greatly streamlining (精简) the payment processes, said Zhu Xugang, director of the cross-border business at Ant Group.
Users of 10 overseas e-wallets are also able to use their familiar home e-wallets on their own phones by (43) _______ Alipay QR codes, to enjoy seamless mobile payment experiences across Alipay's vast merchant network.
According to Alipay, foreigners can use the app to complete payments at restaurants, hotels, scenic spots, convenience stores and supermarkets, as well as for ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses and other public (44) _______ services in China. The newly (45) _______ multilingual app includes English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian and Japanese.
The mobile payment app has also (46) _______ the single transaction(交易)limit for overseas travelers using mobile payments from $1,000 to $5,000 and lifted the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to $50,000.
The State Council, China's Cabinet, published a guideline on improving payment services and (47) _______ payment convenience in early March, a move to better meet the (48) _______ payment needs of the elderly and foreign visitors.
Last week, the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, (49) _______ a payment guide that provides foreigners with text and graphic (50) _______ on using bank cards, cash, mobile payments and e-CNY in China, the latest step in the country's push to optimize the payment experience for foreigners.
Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst at market consultancy Botong Analysys, said the intensified efforts to provide convenient payment services will not only (51) _______ improve the living and consumption experience of foreigners in China and attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable development of the payment (52) _______.
Wang said the move demonstrates the country's resolve to expand high-standard opening-up, (53) _______ the online payment scenarios of Alipay are wide enough, with high usage frequency. So, what it should do now is to expand the scope of foreign bank card binding and improve and simplify authentication of new users, to provide more convenient payment services to foreigners.
Meanwhile, Chinese banks are taking measures to expand the (54) _______ of overseas bank cards and facilitate their use of cash in the country.
Dong said more efforts are needed to expand the scenarios of various types of payment methods at tourist attractions, sporting events, transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers and other daily (55) _______ sites.
A. expectations B. memorizations C. experiences D. durations
A. international B. domestic C. interior D. commercial
A. copying B. photographing C. sharing D. scanning
A. transportation B. security C. education D. maintenance
A. evolved B. launched C. specialized D. simplified
A. decreased B. restricted C. suspended D. raised
A. implementing B. enhancing C. administrating D. subscribing
A. diversified B. facilitated C. digitalized D. conflicted
A. purchased B. authorized C. released D. commercialized
A. designs B. illustrations C. instructions D. imagery
A. significantly B. artificially C. individually D. frequently
A. gateway B. industry C. deadline D. term
A. developing B. monitoring C. securing D. adding
A. recognition B. acceptance C. regulation D. policy
A. construction B. application C. production D. consumption
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Growing up in the 80s as a child with lots of siblings, I played in the street until dark or until we were called for dinner. We had an amazing community of neighbours. However, one elderly neighbour hated us. Every time the football went into her garden, she would confiscate it – and then pop the ball. When she collected over 20 deflated footballs, she would take them down to the police station and complain. To her, at least, free and active children were a pest and a disgrace.
Actually, at that time, nothing but one stopped us playing: the shattering of a window and the scream of a parent coming outside to tell us off. On reflection, I was probably part of the last generation of children to play outside regularly. Now in London, the estate I live in is covered with historic signs saying: “No ball games”.
The signs function as a play ban for children. Even during the summer, there are only a couple of rebels who dare to play football on the street. They get my nod and a kick of the ball back when it comes in my direction.
The problem is, many people don’t know that these signs are not enforceable by law: they are simply a request from local housing associations.
Of course, if people are kicking the ball against someone’s house or out on the streets making noise late at night, it would be considered criminal damage and antisocial behaviour – and quite right. But most of the time the signs are just preventing children from playing.
The London Sport charity has recommended that these signs are removed. I agree - let’s burn them all. But I do think it is simplistic to imagine banning the signs will combat a national obesity epidemic.
The Active Lives Survey shows that just 47% of children in England are getting the recommended 60 minutes or more of sport and physical activity a day. Removing “No ball games” signs doesn’t mean that the other 53% of children will feel motivated to venture outside and play.
The Active Lives Survey also suggests that boys are more likely to be active than girls. Perhaps boys are still given more activity opportunities. The Lionesses（英格兰女足）win at the Euros football tournament highlighted the lack of opportunities for girls in football and inequitable sports curriculums in schools.
Children and young people of black, Asian and other minority ethnicities are least likely to be active. Perhaps because racism in sport is alive and kicking
In addition, access to sport and physical activity is a social justice issue that depends on location and financial circumstances. For a child from an economically disadvantaged background, who lives in a high-rise flat with little green space around, the costs and practicalities of participating in sport are prohibitive. For example, a weekend tennis court costs anywhere between 10 and 27, without travel or equipment.
So, while we can burn all the “No ball games” signs in the country, the real barrier to combating low activity levels in children is social inequality. What really needs to happen to get our children moving
What does the underlined word “confiscate” in Paragraph 1 mean in the context
A. Collect something as a hobby B. Take something away as a punishment
C. Destroy something due to being annoyed D. Remove and make something disappear
Why does the author believe that removing "No ball games" signs may not effectively combat low activity levels in children
A. Because children prefer indoor activities.
B. Because boys are more active than girls.
C. Because access to physical activity is influenced by social inequality.
D. Because of the lack of interest in sports among children.
What conclusion does the author draw regarding the relationship between "No ball games" signs and low activity levels in children
A. Removing the signs will directly address the issue of low activity levels.
B. Social inequality is the primary barrier to increasing children's activity levels.
C. Boys are more likely to play sports than girls due to cultural biases.
D. Racism in sports is a significant factor in preventing children from being active.
What is the main idea of the passage
A. The author reminisces about their childhood and the changes in outdoor play.
B. The ineffectiveness of "No ball games" signs in encouraging physical activity among children.
C. The impact of social inequality on children's access to physical activity.
D. The author's support for removing "No ball games" signs but recognition of deeper issues.
B
From a distance, the grey cement bridge looks unremarkable. Two tunnels on either side of the Trans-Canada Highway are in semi-circles that end bluntly on the pavement below. But on top, away from passing motorists’ eyes, lies a grassy oasis. Against the odds, pine trees and wildflowers have taken root here, giving the overpass a fringe of greenery. On the edges, wire fencing provides safe passage for wandering animals.
Tony Clevenger has dedicated much of his life to studying the performance of Banff’s wildlife crossing structures. When the first wildlife bridges went up, Clevenger, a researcher with the Western Transportation Institute, was living in Canmore, and recalls the distinctly negative atmosphere that surrounded what many saw as a hair-brained scheme by Parks Canada. Save for a few small crossings in the eastern United States, no one had ever attempted something like this before — and no one believed it would work. Editorials in the local paper scoffed at the “waste of taxpayers’ money” and confidently stated animals would never use the $2 million to $3 million man-made bridges. Others believed wolves would herd their prey into the fence, violently killing them before shocked tourists.
“This project started in a bad spot. There was a lot of opposition and criticism,” Clevenger says. “It took several years of good data, publishing in scientific peer-reviewed journals, to change people’s minds.”
Clevenger now has 17 years-worth of data proving the efficacy of the crossings. Among large carnivores, mortality (死亡) rates are 50 to 100 per cent lower along sections of the highway where overpasses and underpasses exist. In those same sections, mortality rates for elk are almost zero, compared to 100 elk-vehicle collisions per year in the mid-1990s. Clevenger’s research has shown that 11 species of large mammals in Banff have used the structures more than 200,000 times, including unexpected species such as red fox, hoary marmot, boreal toads, wolverines, lynx, garter snakes and beavers.
In 2014, a Montana State University study found that not only are grizzly bears using the crossing structures, but the structures are also helping to maintain genetically healthy populations among the bears that use them. Grizzlies were crossing with enough frequency to ensure populations on either side of the highway weren’t genetically isolated from each other.
“This is Canada’s biggest conservation success story — it’s the largest highway mitigation complex in the world,” says Clevenger. “You won’t find anything anywhere else in the world close to what we have. We have the most overpasses in one localized area and almost half of all the overpasses in North America.”
Why did Tony Clevenger face opposition and criticism at the beginning of the wildlife crossing project
A. Because of disbelief regarding the project's feasibility and effectiveness.
B. Due to the design flaws of the crossing structures.
C. Because of concerns about the environmental impact of the structures.
D. Due to insufficient funding for the project.
Which unexpected species have been observed using the wildlife crossing structures in Banff
A. Grizzly bears and elk. B. Wolves and red foxes.
C. Garter snakes and beavers. D. Hoary marmots and wolverines.
How did a Montana State University study contribute to the understanding of wildlife crossings in Banff
A. It confirmed the disbelief surrounding the effectiveness of the crossings.
B. It identified design flaws in the crossing structures.
C. It criticized the Canadian government's conservation efforts.
D. It provided evidence of grizzly bears using the crossings and maintaining genetically healthy populations.
C
Both my parents worked for 30-plus years for their employers – they had lifelong careers at a single company. Growing up, they taught me the importance of “loyalty” and “commitment”.
But in a rapidly changing world, the concept of a job for life has become as rare as a dial-up internet connection. This shift from stable, long-term employment and single-employer careers to a world where frequent job changes are the norm comes directly from globalisation, rapid technological advancements and the changing ideas about work.
Globalisation has turned the world economy into a giant, interconnected web. This has made job markets fiercely competitive and talent and opportunities in the labour market more diverse and digitally accessible.
Jobs can be widely publicised and explored online and are no longer tied to your city of birth. Add to this the rapid technological progress. We now live in a world where the skills you learned yesterday might not be enough for today’s job market.
The job market is transforming, with new careers emerging as automation and artificial intelligence (AI) advances. Risks and price policies can be efficiently assessed using AI, making insurance underwriters redundant while advanced software in banking and finance mean data analysis can be automated.
Online booking has reduced demand for travel agents and desktop publishers are being replaced by user-friendly software, which allows people to create their own materials. These changes highlight the need for professionals to update their skills and adapt to a technologically evolving job market.
As a result, career paths have become fluid and multi-directional. It’s no longer just about climbing the corporate ladder and getting a regular paycheck; it’s about exploring different paths, switching jobs and industries and sometimes even venturing into freelancing and the gig economy.
Loyalty is defined as an employee’s commitment to their organisation and its goals. It means a willingness to put in extra effort and to uphold the company’s values and objectives. Loyal workers often identify strongly with their workplace, are reliable and view the organisation positively, even during tough times.
When long-term employees change workplaces, it does not mean they are disloyal. It signifies a change in priorities and a redefined loyalty bond. Employees are loyal to their employer and its interests while working there. But they also seek mutual growth and expect to be recognised and rewarded.
Career paths are now a kaleidoscope (万花筒) of experiences and opportunities. Instead of a career identity being about a company brand, it is about skills, experiences and the meaningfulness of the work. This transformation means career decision-making is more intricate, considering personal aspirations, market trends and family considerations.
What factors have contributed to the shift in job market dynamics
A. Increased reliance on desktop publishing software.
B. Changing ideas about loyalty and commitment.
C. The decreasing demand for travel agents due to online booking systems.
D. Globalization, rapid technological advancements, and evolving work concepts.
What skills are highlighted as essential for professionals in the evolving job market
A. Skills related to desktop publishing.
B. Skills that were relevant yesterday.
C. Skills in data analysis and adaptability.
D. Skills in insurance underwriting.
How does the passage suggest employees should approach loyalty in the modern workplace
A. By remaining with a single employer for their entire career.
B. By prioritizing personal growth and recognition.
C. By relying on traditional definitions of loyalty.
D. By avoiding job changes to maintain loyalty.
The best title for the passage is _______.
A. Forget About a Job for Life.
B. Learn More as Much as You Can
C. Benefit from Long-term Employment.
D. The Impact of Globalization.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
This recurrent nature provides astronomers with some predictability regarding its eruptions, aiding in their monitoring and preparation for the upcoming event. The mechanism driving these eruptions is the transfer of matter from the red giant to the white dwarf. It consists of a white dwarf and an aging red giant star. This heightened visibility will last for a few days without the need for any equipment and slightly over a week with the aid of binoculars. Astronomers plan to utilize various instruments, including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, to observe and study the nova in different wavelengths of light. However, during its peak brightness, it is expected to shine as brightly as Polaris, or the North Star, making it visible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.
Astronomers are eagerly anticipating a celestial (天体的) event that promises to be a once-in-a-lifetime sight: the appearance of a "new star" in the night sky, expected to occur sometime between now and September, as reported by NASA. This event, known as a nova (新星), is projected to take place within the T Coronae Borealis system, nestled in the constellation (星座) Corona Borealis, situated between the Bo tes and Hercules constellations.
In contrast to the explosive demise of a massive star seen in a supernova, a nova is characterized by a sudden, brief explosion originating from a collapsed star, specifically a white dwarf. The T Coronae Borealis system is affectionately called the "Blaze Star." (67) _______________________ These stars orbit closely enough to interact violently, leading to periodic explosive events, with the last eruption observed in 1946.
(68) _______________________ Over time, the red giant becomes increasingly unstable, shedding its outer layers onto the white dwarf. This exchange of matter eventually triggers a "runaway thermonuclear reaction," resulting in the nova phenomenon, according to NASA.
While the precise timing of the upcoming nova event remains uncertain, astronomers are closely monitoring the T Coronae Borealis system, which has been dimming since March of the previous year. William J. Cooke, lead of NASA's Meteoroid Environments Office, notes that while most novae occur unexpectedly, T Coronae Borealis is one of the 10 recurring novae in the galaxy, offering some predictability to its eruptions.
Located approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth, the T Coronae Borealis system is typically too faint to be seen with the naked eye. (69) _______________________
Once the nova reaches its peak brightness, it will appear as if a new star has emerged in the night sky, remaining visible for a few days without any equipment and slightly over a week with binoculars before gradually fading from view over the course of about 80 years.
(70) _______________________ As an effective observing approach, they provide valuable insights into the dynamics of recurrent novae and the processes occurring within these stellar systems.
The NASA Universe account on X will provide regular updates on the nova event, allowing enthusiasts and researchers alike to stay informed about this captivating astronomical phenomenon. Reflecting on past experiences, including witnessing the 1975 Nova Cygni, which inspired his career in astronomy, Cooke underscores the significance of these celestial events in shaping our understanding of the cosmos.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Evolution of Robotics: A Journey from Imagination to Reality
The development of robots represents a fascinating journey from mere imagination to practical reality. Over the years, advancements in technology and engineering have pushed the evolution of robots, transforming them from simple mechanical devices to complicated machines capable of copying human behavior and performing complex tasks.
The history of robotics dates back centuries, with early concepts of mechanical beings found in ancient stories and legends. However, it was not until the 20th century that significant progress was made in the field of robotics. The appearance of industrial robots in the mid-20th century revolutionized manufacturing processes, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in factories around the world.
One of the most significant milestones in the development of robots was the invention of the programmable robot arm by George Devol and Joseph Engelberger in the 1950s. This innovation paved the way for the widespread adoption of robots in industrial settings, where they could perform repetitive tasks with correctness and accuracy.
Another milestone was the introduction of the first autonomous mobile robot, Shakey, developed by researchers at Stanford Research Institute in the 1960s. Shakey demonstrated the potential of robots to navigate and interact with their environment autonomously, laying the foundation for future advancements in robotics.
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has been instrumental in pushing the boundaries of robotics. AI-powered robots are capable of learning from their experiences, making decisions, and adapting to new situations. This has enabled the creation of social robots, such as Pepper and Sophia, which can interact with humans in meaningful ways.
In recent years, there have been significant advancements in robotics, particularly in areas such as medical robotics, autonomous vehicles, and humanoid robots. Medical robots, for example, are being used for minimally invasive surgeries, precision medication delivery, and patient care. Autonomous vehicles are revolutionizing transportation, with companies like Tesla and Waymo developing self-driving cars. Meanwhile, humanoid robots like Boston Dynamics' Atlas are pushing the boundaries of what robots can achieve, with capabilities such as dynamic movement and dexterity.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
我们为他人撑伞正是因为我们曾经淋过雨。 ( It … )
人工智能使我们得以见证一个日新月异的新时代。 （witness）
作为年轻人，我们具有极强的创造力，可以大胆设想、勇敢探索。(As …)
“新中式”服装既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭，正受到年轻一代追捧。(combine)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
在一堂写作课上，老师给出了以下三个题目供学生选择。
题目一：
以“盛年不重来,一日难再晨。”（Prime years do not return; a day's morning is hard to come by again.）为题，结合你的生活体验，写一篇文章。 题目二：
针对目前因为了升学考试而导致的学生知识结构很不平衡（unbalanced knowledge structures）的现象，你觉得有什么好的方法或手段能够改变这种情况，谈谈你的想法。 题目三：
续写“当最后一个地球人（earthling）坐在房间里时，传来了敲门声……”
如果你是这个班级的学生，你会怎么选择呢？
写一篇短文，说明你选择的题目，简述理由并介绍你的写作思路。
文章必须包括以下内容：
你选择的作文题目及理由。
你的写作思路。
听力文稿及答案
Tape script and keys
Woman: Do you prefer mornings or evenings I find mornings so peaceful.
Man: I’m definitely a night owl. I find that I’m more productive and creative late at night.
Question: When does the man feel most productive and creative
Woman: Do you do weight training at the gym I’ve been thinking of trying it out.
Man: Yeah, I mix it with some aerobic exercises. Keeps me in shape and it’s a great stress reliever.
Question: How does the man benefit from his workout routine
Woman: The meeting got rescheduled again. It’s becoming quite inconvenient.
Man: That’s the third time this month. Frustrating! It messes up everyone’s schedules.
Question: What aspect of the rescheduled meeting is bothering the woman and the man
Woman: What’s your favorite movie style I’m a fan of romantic comedies.
Man: I’m into sci-fi and fantasy. Love the imagination and futuristic concepts.
Question: What fascinates the man about his preferred movie style
M: Hey, how’s your day going
W: It’s been quite busy, dealing with back-to-back meetings and deadlines. How about yours
Question: How would the woman describe her day
W: Have you had the chance to check out the new coffee shop around the corner
M: Not yet, but I’ve heard good things about it. What do you recommend
Question: What does the man want to know about the coffee shop
M: Any plans for the upcoming weekend
W: I’m thinking of taking a break from the usual routine and going on a hike. Would you be interested in joining
Question: What activity is the woman considering for the weekend
W: Your new haircut looks fantastic!
M: Thanks, I decided to try something different this time, and I’m pleasantly surprised with how it turned out. What do you think
Question: How did the man feel about getting his new haircut
W: Did you manage to finish reading that book you started last week
M: Yes, it was quite a fascinating read, kept me hooked from the beginning to the end. Have you read anything interesting lately
Question: How did the man feel about the book
M: Lately, I’ve been integrating mindfulness into my daily routine.
W: That’s fascinating! Have you noticed any specific benefits or changes since you started
Question: What is the woman interested in regarding mindfulness
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Have you ever seen a train running on a road without tracks It sounds like a fantasy, but it has actually happened in China. It’s called The Intelligent Rail Transit aka IRT, a new type of public transportation that operates on electricity with zero pollution and emissions. It doesn’t require track construction or overhead wires. The entire vehicle seems to float above the ground, designed with a maximum speed of 60 miles per hour. Furthermore, the IRT adopts the flexible grouping mode of high-speed trains with each section capable of carrying 100 passengers, which is ten times the capacity of a regular bus. With the introduction of the IRT, the persistent issue of traffic congestion during peak hours in cities is no longer a problem. If you are wondering about the difference between this and a bus besides the increased passenger capacity, the most notable feature of the IRT is its ground communications signal system. As the train approaches a traffic light intersection, it sends a priority command to the traffic light base station. The red light immediately turns green, ensuring the train’s priority passage. Equipped with a fully automated driving system and utilizing virtual track following control technology, the IRT identifies virtual track routes on the road through onboard sensors, resembling surface traffic lines. Through active safety control, onboard signal control, machine vision and other systems, the train is electronically constrained, precisely controlling its movement along the virtual tracks to achieve intelligent operation. Traffic congestion will soon become a thing of the past. Soon enough cities all across China will be hopping on the IRT train, delivering a hefty dose of convenience to urban dwellers. Buckle up! The future’s just got a whole lot more interesting.
Questions:
What is the main idea of the passage
How does the IRT differ from traditional buses
What is the key feature of the IRT's communication system
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Chinese lawmakers recently entered a fierce online debate on whether fireworks should be used to celebrate the Chinese New Year this February. They said a total ban on fireworks in hundreds of city centers credited with inventing the noisemakers would be hard to enforce.
Lawmakers said air pollution prevention and fire safety laws have led to "differences in understanding" of the ban on fireworks. However, it was never a total ban.
In 2017, official data showed 444 cities had banned fireworks. Since then, some of the cities have loosened the bans. They permit fireworks at certain times of the year and at special places.
This month, however, many counties made announcements banning fireworks, restarting discussion on the ban.
"We've the right to fireworks," wrote a user of Weibo, a popular Chinese online discussion service.
Chinese legends say the earliest fireworks were invented 2,000 years ago to drive away the "nian." The nian, the story goes, was a monster that hunted people and animals before the Chinese New Year, or Spring Festival.
Since then, fireworks came to be used to celebrate other events. This January, after three years of COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, some people ignored bans and set off firecrackers.
Some Chinese say the fireworks bans were necessary to protect the environment, while an online opinion study by the official Beijing Youth Daily found that over 80 percent of people supported fireworks during Spring Festival. The festival is the most important holiday on the Chinese calendar.
Some also said the ban was ironic after the United Nations recently named the Spring Festival an official holiday, a move supported by Chinese officials.
"The Spring Festival belongs to the world, and we Chinese are supposed to stick to it as well as its traditions and customs," wrote another Weibo user.
Questions：
What is the main topic of the passage
What is the dominant public opinion regarding the use of fireworks during the Spring Festival
What potential challenges might arise in enforcing a total ban on fireworks in city centers
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Hey, Emily! Can you believe spring break is almost here
W: I know, right I've been counting down the days! Do you have any plans for the break
M: Well, I've been thinking about traveling to some European countries. It's been on my bucket list for ages, and I figure now's the perfect time to finally do it. How about you
W: That sounds amazing! I've always wanted to explore Europe too. But I think I'll be staying put this break. I've decided to take some extra courses to get ahead on credits.
M: Wow, that's impressive! Getting ahead on your studies is always a good idea. But don't you want to take a break and relax a bit
W: I do, but I also want to graduate early if possible. Plus, I'm planning to do some part-time jobs to save up for tuition fees.
M: That's a smart move. College tuition fees can really add up. Maybe you could balance work and relaxation during the break somehow.
W: Yeah, I'll try to find a good balance. But enough about me, what about you Any other plans besides traveling
M: Well, besides exploring Europe, I'm also thinking about doing some volunteer work while I'm there. It's a great way to give back and make a difference, you know
W: Absolutely! That's such a noble idea. I'm sure you'll have an amazing experience. And who knows, maybe I'll join you on your next adventure!
M: That would be awesome! We could explore new countries and make memories together.
W: Definitely! Here's to a fantastic spring break, whatever we end up doing!
M: Cheers to that, Emily! Let's make it one to remember!
Questions：
What are the man's plans for spring break
Why does Emily want to take extra courses during spring break
What is the man's reason for doing volunteer work during spring break
How does the man feel about Emily's decision to take extra courses during spring break
Keys:
I. Listening comprehension
Section A
1-5 DBBCC 6-10 ABDCA
Section B
11-13 CBB 14-16 BAA 17-20 BCCA
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
21. tasting 22. continue 23. shipped 24. from 25. who
26. are imported 27. Whenever/When 28. bordering 29. that 30. those
Section B
31-35 KAIBF 36-40 GDEJC
III. Reading comprehension
Section A
41-45 CADAB 46-50 DBACC 51-55 ABDBD
Section B
56-59 BCBC 60-62 ACD 63-66 DCBA
Section C
67-70 CBFE
IV. Summary Writing
Robotics development has been driven by technology and engineering advancements. Robotics has made significant progress from industrial robots to programmable robot arms and autonomous mobile robots, thus increasing efficiency, productivity, correctness, accuracy, and laying foundation for future. AI has enabled the creation of social robots to interact with humans. Recent advancements include medical robotics, self-driving cars, and humanoid robots.
V. Translation
It is because we have once been caught in the rain that we hold umbrellas for others.
Artificial intelligence is enabling us to witness an ever-evolving/constantly-changing new era.
/a new era which changes with each passing day/a new era which changes quickly/rapidly.
As young individuals, we possess immense creativity, allowing us to imagine boldly and explore fearlessly. /As young individuals, we are very creative, full of imagination and brave/courageous to explore.
Combining the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with everyday wearability, 'New Chinese-style' clothing is currently being embraced by the younger generation.
The 'New Chinese-style' clothing combines the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with daily wear, and is being embraced by the younger generation.
VI. Guided writing
Sample 1
If I were a student in this class, I would choose topic one: "Prime years do not return; a day's morning is hard to come by again."
I am drawn to this topic because it speaks to the essence of seizing the moment and cherishing the present. It prompts reflection on the fleeting nature of time and the importance of making the most of our youth and opportunities.
My approach to this topic would be to draw from personal experiences and observations to illustrate the significance of embracing each day and living with purpose. I would share anecdotes of moments where I felt the weight of time passing, inspiring me to take action and pursue my passions.
I would explore themes of ambition, resilience, and gratitude, emphasizing the value of perseverance in the face of challenges and the importance of cultivating meaningful relationships.
Ultimately, I would aim to convey a message of empowerment and motivation, encouraging others to embrace the present moment, seize opportunities, and live with intention. By recognizing the fleeting nature of time and the preciousness of each day, we can strive to make a positive impact and create lasting memories.
Sample 2
If I were a student in this class, I would choose topic two: addressing the unbalanced knowledge structures caused by the current emphasis on entrance exams. My choice stems from the relevance and importance of this issue in the educational landscape today.
My approach to this topic would involve first acknowledging the root causes of the problem, such as excessive focus on exam-oriented learning and neglect of holistic education. Then, I would propose practical solutions like curriculum reforms to encourage interdisciplinary learning, promoting critical thinking skills over rote memorization, and incorporating project-based assessments to gauge a student's true understanding.
I believe this topic offers a chance to explore innovative educational strategies that can lead to more well-rounded and adaptable learners, better equipped to navigate the complexities of the modern world. By addressing the issue of unbalanced knowledge structures, we can foster a learning environment that values both academic achievement and personal growth.
Sample 3
If I were a student in this class, I would choose topic three: continuing the story of "When the last earthling sat in the room, there came a knock on the door..."
I am drawn to this topic because of its open-ended nature, which allows for creativity and imagination to take flight. It presents an opportunity to explore themes of loneliness, curiosity, and the unknown, offering a canvas for storytelling that can captivate both the writer and the reader.
My approach to this topic would involve delving into the emotions and thoughts of the last earthling as they hear the knock on the door. I would consider various possibilities for who or what could be on the other side of the door – perhaps it's another survivor, an alien visitor, or even a symbolic representation of hope or redemption.
I would aim to create a narrative that builds suspense and intrigue, keeping the reader engaged as they eagerly await the revelation behind the mysterious knock. Through descriptive language and vivid imagery, I would seek to evoke a sense of wonder and anticipation, leaving the reader with a lingering sense of curiosity and a desire for more.

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