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2024届河南省河南重点高中高三下学期第七次联考模拟预测英语试题
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、听力题
1．Where does the man want to go
A.Victoria. B.Bond Street. C.The Central.
2．What do we know about Jane
A.She acted as a judge.
B.She lost a good chance.
C.She gave a good performance.
3．What does the man want to do
A.Get some gas. B.Park his car. C.Draw some money.
4．Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In the restaurant. B.In the classroom. C.In the library.
5．What’s the woman trying to do
A.Ask for help. B.Give a warning. C.Offer encouragement.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the woman think of the car
A.It’s quite fashionable.
B.It’s a little too expensive.
C.It has covered quite a long distance.
7．What is the woman expected to do next
A.Have a test ride. B.Repair the car. C.Sell her car at once.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man mean
A.The dishes are in the dish-washer.
B.The dish-washer should be used.
C.He is tired of washing dishes.
9．What’s the relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife.
B.Boss and secretary.
C.Mother and son.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What’s the topic of the conversation
A.The news media.
B.The food production.
C.The economic situation.
11．What does the man think of the TV report
A.It sounds funny. B.It tells the truth. C.It’s encouraging.
12．What will probably happen this summer according to the man
A.The prices of certain goods will decline.
B.The materials will cost even more.
C.The workers will get higher wages.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．How long will the man stay in San Francisco
A.Two days. B.Four days. C.Six days.
14．Where did the man get the ticket information
A.At the airport. B.On the Internet. C.In the newspaper.
15．What does the woman think of the man’s ticket price
A.It’s low. B.It’s unreasonable. C.It’s high.
16．What’s the man’s flyer number
A.626566888. B.676966788. C.626866788.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What does August mean for the American football lovers
A.It’s time to enjoy football games.
B.It is a time when players begin training.
C.It is a time when the names of the players are released.
18．How many songs are there about baseball
A.More than one hundred.
B.About two thousand.
C.Over one thousand.
19．When was the most popular song about baseball written
A.In 1809. B.In 1908. C.In 1918.
20．What do people still do near the end of the baseball game
A.Stand up and join hands.
B.Dance to popular music together.
C.Sing the song by Jack Norworth.
二、阅读理解
The Biggest Events in the States
Mardi Gras
Mobile, Alabama
Attendance: One million
Believe it or not, the Mardi Gras celebration in Mobile is even older than the one in New Orleans since this Gulf Coast city has much of the same French and Cajun culture as the latter. The celebration dates back to 1703 and includes nearly a month of parades, running from mid-January up through Late February.
Mount Marathon Race
Seward, Alaska
Attendance: 40, 000
This 103-year old tradition is the 10th-oldest foot race in America, but it’s by far the most scenic. The short-but-dangerous competition is held every July 4, racing up the side of Seward’s Mount Marathon through cliffs, waterfalls, and breathtaking views of southeast Alaska. Once at the top, racers look back down to the finish line with top finishers completing the three-mile roundtrip in just over 40 minutes.
Little Rock Riverfest
Little Rock, Arkansas
Attendance: 100, 000—200, 000
This annual music festival held along the Arkansas River has been running for over 40 years, bringing some of the biggest names in rock music. The festival runs every Memorial Day weekend, and this year featured Peter Frampton, Young the Giant, and Highly Suspect.
St. Patrick’s Day Parade
Norwich, Connecticut
Attendance: 300,000
In just five short years, little Norwich, Connecticut, has developed one of the biggest St. Patrick’s Day celebrations in the country, with an estimated 300, 000 people coming to this town of 40, 000 for bagpipes, beer, and plenty of Irish food. The mile-long parade is held on March 4, the early date giving people with other St. Patrick’s plans the chance to have two holidays, which might be a big reason for its popularity.
21．What do Mobile and New Orleans have in common
A.They are coastal cities.
B.They have large populations.
C.They are related to French culture.
D.They enjoy a history of about 300 years.
22．What’s special about the event held in Seward
A.It has the most participants of all.
B.Racers see striking scenery along the way.
C.Racers run great risks on the mountaintop.
D.It is the oldest marathon event in America.
23．Which event will be most attractive to food lovers
A.Mardi Gras. B.Little Rock Riverfest.
C.Mount Marathon Race. D.St. Patrick’s Day Parade.
In 2008, when National Geographic Explorer and photojournalist Martin Edstrom learned about the discovery of Hang Son Doong in Vietnam, he realized the cave’s vast “room”—as large as a city block—would be a perfect showcase for the 360-degree and virtual reality(VR) technologies he was using. And while he loves heading to remote places, he doesn’t regard this part of his work as “exploration”. “I find that going to these remote and challenging places brings out the best in me creatively,” he says.
Edstrom traveled with a small team deep into the jungle to reach the remote entrance to the cave. There, they used robotic camera heads, a single DSLR and several smaller camera rigs to build immersive(沉浸的), 360-degree environments that viewers could “inhabit” via VR headsets. This technology was beginning to go mainstream, with Facebook launching their 360-video service in 2015.
The media that Edstrom and his team created allows people to have an intimate (亲密的)—though digital—experience of a natural wonder that few will ever witness firsthand. “The joy of this is really that I get to step out of these restrictions of the frame. I can put people inside the experience,” Edstrom explains. “They get to see what I see.”
Inspiring wonder of the natural world can also help catalyze positive action. The discovery of Hang Son Doong prompted great interest from investors looking to capitalize on the site’s heritage value, including one company that proposed running a cable car through a section of the cave. By drawing international attention to the cave, Edstrom’s 360-degree interactive videos may have played a part in ensuring its preservation: for now, just one tour operator is licensed by the Vietnam government to conduct expeditions to Hang Son Doong, and these are limited to four days. For Edstrom, this is exactly the kind of outcome he’s looking for.
24．Why did Edstrom travel to Hang Son Doong
A.To attend a photo exhibition. B.To test a new VR technology.
C.To photograph for a magazine. D.To explore further into the cave.
25．What can we learn about Facebook’s 360-video service
A.It is supported by simple equipment.
B.It is similar to Edstrom’s technology.
C.It is still leading the world in VR technology.
D.It is designed for Hang Son Doong tourists.
26．What does the underlined word “catalyze” in the last paragraph mean
A.Deal with. B.Figure out. C.Keep up. D.Bring about.
27．How does Edstrom feel about the impact of his technology on Hang Son Doong
A.Satisfied. B.Confused. C.Guilty. D.Worried.
Reason for a minute about how you change the considerations inside your mind into comprehensible words. Where did we get this ability Though a lot of people think that we learn sentence structure in class, our understanding of it begins from the instant of birth!
Truly, teenage kids possess an in born knowledge of grammatical structures that these kids could not probably have learned. The idea that principles of grammar are fixed into people’s minds was initially mentioned by Noam Chomsky, a popular linguist. He said, kids do not grasp the way to talk from mothers or fathers or from anybody else; instead they learn by using their inherent(固有的) skills of grammar. As a result, Chomsky thought, every learning has the exact basic fundamental construction.
A key opinion of Chomsky for that has been the stimulus’ poverty(贫乏), which shows that kids grasp noun and verb constructions they could not have grasped by learning. For instance, to change the sentence “the unicorn(独角兽) was inside the garden” to an inquiry, you need to just shit the “was” to the top of the question. But, for the sentence “the unicorn which was eating the flower was inside the garden,” people need to restructure further than only the initial “was” to change the sentence to an inquiry. For making a correct sentence in terms of grammar, you need to shit the 2nd “was”. Chomsky rightly stated that kids would not have the error of misusing the first method for forming an inquiry to the 2nd, more difficult sentence. In later trials, no children shifted the in correct “was” although there were phrases they possibly did not hear before.
Additionally, deaf children use the right grammatical structure with signs even though they have not studied that before. Psychologists observed a deaf child called Simon. The child’s deaf mother and father just grasped signs in adulthood, hence made numerous grammatical mistakes. In contrast, Simon did not have those mistakes, despite just being exposed to his parents’ pattern of sign language. The only approach to explaining that has been that Simon possessed an inherent grammatical understanding that excluded him from having the same errors as his parents.
28．Which of the following statements may Noam Chomsky agree with
A.It’s better to learn grammar at an earlier age.
B.Teachers impact their students’ language skills most.
C.All people are naturally gifted language learners.
D.It’s necessary to grasp language skills in class.
29．The stimulus’ poverty theory probably deals with the relations ________.
A.between nouns and verbs in a sentence
B.between simple and complex sentence structures
C.between descriptive sentences and inquiry sentences
D.between acquired language and inherent language abilities
30．How did the children perform in Chomsky’s later trials
A.They all misplaced the first “was”.
B.They didn’t misuse the first method.
C.They all put the second “was” back ward.
D.They were confused by the unfamiliar phrases.
31．How does the author support his view
A.By listing some figures. B.By providing some examples.
C.By giving the exact definition. D.By explaining his former study.
As the Earth turns, its rotational axis (自转轴) naturally move a bit. Anything from ocean currents, to shifting molten rock under the crust, to the melting (融化) of glaciers caused by climate change can cause the axis to drift (飘移). Water stored in artificial lakes and seasonal changes in atmospheric winds can play a role as well.
But global warming isn’t the only human-caused factor moving the planet’s axis as some of us believe. A new study estimates that between 1993 and 2010, the pumping of groundwater and the resulting sea-level rise caused the axis lo drift by about 2.6 feet. “Every mass moving around on the surface of the Earth can change the rotational axis,” said Ki-Weon Seo, a geophysicist at Seoul National University.
In the study, the researchers used a computer model to look at the effects of different factors on the shift of the axis. When they didn’t include groundwater removal in their model, their predictions did not match the level of shift that scientists have observed. But when they look into account the massive amount of pumped water — which totaled more than two trillion tons between 1993 and 2010 ― their model fit the real-world observations. From this analysis, the researchers estimate that the axis is moving 1.7 inches per year due to groundwater removal. Of the factors the study looked at, pumping groundwater was the second-largest contributor to the axis drifting, behind the melting Greenland ice sheet.
The paper calls attention to just how much water humans have pumped, as Clark Wilson, a geoscientist at the University of Texas, tells Science. “The precise number doesn’t matter really. What matters is that the volume is so huge that it can impact the polar drift of the Earth,” he says. “Groundwater removed from sites at the Earth’s midlatitudes (中纬度), such as in the U.S. and India, has a large impact on polar drift, compared with extraction at the equator or the poles. However, most of the pumping has occurred in these high-impact zones, causing the water removal to have a bigger effect on the axis,” says Wilson.
32．What does the author aim to do with the second paragraph
A.To correct a wrong belief. B.To describe a phenomenon.
C.To provide related data. D.To test a new theory.
33．The researchers used the computer model in their research mainly by ________.
A.putting it to field tests B.storing related information in it
C.comparing it with real-world facts D.doing real-world observations with it
34．Which factor has contributed the most to the axis drift
A.The melting of ice sheet. B.The atmospheric winds.
C.The artificial lakes. D.The groundwater pumping.
35．What could be a suitable title for the text
A.Factors That Affect the Earth’s Rotation
B.Challenges of Groundwater Our World Faces
C.Climate Change Has Shifted the Earth’s Axis
D.Groundwater Pumping Has Changed the Earth’s Axis
三、七选五
36． It’s common to assume that friendships just happen or develop automatically, but that isn’t always the case. While certain people do “click”, and there’s even some support for friendship at first sight, or “friendship chemistry” all relationships require time, effort, and follow-up. ① _______, but thinking about the expectations we have of our friends can help guide your behavior.
●Stay true to your word and follow through on any promises made. ② _______. Being reliable and consistent with the small stuff will help you build trust so that it’s there when it counts.
●③ _______. As much as possible, it helps to say “yes” to offers or invitations. Repeated interactions are so important, especially in the early stages of a friendship. Put yourself out there, as you would when it comes to dating, and suggest getting together in a different context (e.g., outside of class or work). If you aren’t comfortable asking someone to spend time with you one-on-one, make it a group outing.
●Gradually share pieces of important or personal information. The process of self-disclosure is how we build trust in relationships. That said, when pursuing a new friendship, don’t want to go overboard and spill your deepest, darkest secrets right away. Start small with stories or insights into your thoughts and feelings. ④ _______.
●Finally, make sure you’re both putting equal effort into the friendship. Good friendships are characterized by reciprocity (互惠) and equality. Close friends don’t keep score, and things tend to balance out overtime, but it helps to work toward and establish a balance early on. ⑤ _______. And making sure you’re getting what you’re putting into your friendships will help you invest in those that really matter.
A.We only have so much to give
B.Make time for shared experiences
C.Above all, be kind to and patient with yourself
D.And be sure to show an interest in the other person
E.If you say you will call or offer to arrange plans, do so
F.There is no one-size-fits-all approach to making friends
G.Start small by greeting a familiar face and build from there
四、完形填空（15空）
After accidentally sliding down the face of a steep rock wall, two tourists found themselves trapped by the edge of a deep pool in a British park. They knew they were in a(n) 1 situation.
Fortunately for them, five Sikh hikers who happened to be on the scene and 2 the incident used not only their heads but also their hats—or more 3 , their turbans(头巾)—to begin a pretty amazing 4 .
After carefully 5 the situation, and with no cellphone service to call for outside assistance, the group of international students 6 the decision of unwinding the long turbans—their traditional headgear. They managed to fashion a 33-foot lifeline, with which they were eventually able to 7 the pair out of their situation.
Once the two hikers were pulled to 8 park officials stepped into 9 their condition. As neither required medical treatment, they were 10 with park officials’ permission and a warning to better 11 where they’re going next time.
Kinda and his four comrades, while more than pleased with their day’s work, were 12 about their heroic action. “It was simply a(n) 13 of being in the right place at the right time and having the 14 to help,” they said. “In Sikhism, we are taught to help someone in any way we can with anything we 15 ”Kinda said, “even our turbans.”
37．A.familiar B.serious C.imaginary D.impressive
38．A.recalled B.predicted C.witnessed D.recorded
39．A.generally B.completely C.briefly D.specifically
40．A.rescue B.project C.match D.celebration
41．A.describing B.following C.concluding D.examining
42．A.ruled out B.got around C.came to D.looked into
43．A.force B.invite C.scare D.fish
44．A.safety B.hospital C.balance D.normal
45．A.prove B.assess C.review D.improve
46．A.comforted B.greeted C.informed D.released
47．A.mind B.report C.mark D.remain
48．A.curious B.anxious C.humble D.ambitious
49．A.matter B.reminder C.ability D.policy
50．A.mood B.means C.energy D.prospect
51．A.require B.possess C.deserve D.design
五、短文填空
52． Fireworks are essentially rockets in their simplest form. They produce noise, light and smoke, and sometimes they even explode sending up floating materials, like confetti (五彩纸屑). They can be designed to burn in all different colors and patterns, so people often set off a number of them in an effort ① _______ (create) an interesting fireworks display or show.
Historians believe fireworks ② _______ (appear) for the first time in ancient China in the second century B.C., when they were made from bamboo stalks and gunpowder that would explode when ③ _______ (throw) into a fire. They were said to drive away evil spirits. By the 15th century, fireworks had become popular in Europe, ④ _______ (common) used for religious festivals and public entertainment. And when the U.S. settlers left Europe, they brought fireworks with them and made them a ⑤ _______ (centre) part of the first Independence Day, ⑥ _______tradition still followed today.
Fireworks are wildly popular, ⑦ _______they have been linked to air pollution increases, and ⑧ _______ (expert) are concerned about their negative effects ⑨ _______wildlife. Although they’re fleeting and infrequent, fireworks shows spray out a toxic concoction (混合物) that rains down quietly into lakes, rivers, and bays throughout the country. Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, ⑩ _______means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down.
六、书面表达
53．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Ryan得知你的家乡遭受极寒和暴雪天气，来信向你表示关切并询问相关情况。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.近期天气状况；
2.造成的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
七、读后续写
54． Our family has two dogs, Cady and Casey. We took in both the mixed breed dogs after they were abandoned in the country. We live in an area between city and country. This area is rich with farmland, woods and various animals. Both of our dogs constantly want to run and will do so at any given opportunity. I have to keep them chained, even though my yard is fenced, so that I do not have to pay any fines for recovering them from the city pound (流浪狗收留所).
This morning I made the silly mistake of waiting until the last possible minute to put the dogs out. As I was walking the first one out, the second ran past me in a surprisingly fast move and she was gone. I called for her to return, but she chose to ignore my commands and headed off for a day of joy. Having a disobedient dog really upset me. I said goodbye to the dog and went about my business. Anyway, when I picked my daughter up from school, I just happened to mention that Cady might be missing. “I’ll tell you this! If she has been caught by the K9 cops (警察), I will not be paying her fines this time,” I said.
I noticed that my daughter had her head turned away from me and was silent for over 5 minutes. I asked, “Are you mad at me ” “Yes, I am,” she replied, now looking at me calmly. “Why does this upset you so much ” I wondered out loud. “Cady obviously does not care for her living arrangements here, or she would not runoff every time she has a chance, would she ” I cleverly remarked.
I have never noticed my daughter spending much time with this dog, so I could not imagine that the thought of losing her would be so painful. In my mind I have given Cady a nice home. If she is silly enough to leave all that behind to chase some neighbor’s cows, then “goodbye” is my attitude.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I saw tear swelling up in my daughter’s eyes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After along and stressful night, we finally got a call from the city pound.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：M: Can you tell me the best way to Bond Street, please
W: You get from Victoria to Oxford Circus and then you change on to the Central.
2．答案：C
解析：W: Too bad you missed Jane’s performance.
M: How’s it
W: It was so perfect that the judges gave her full marks.
3．答案：A
解析：M: Excuse me, where’s the closest gas station
W: It’s not far. Do you see that yellow building over there
M: The big one or the small one
W: The big one.
4．答案：A
解析：M: Waiter, can you come here
W: Yes, is there something wrong
M: I’m afraid you’ve made a mistake. The drinks are not what I ordered.
W: So sorry, I must have confused the orders. I’ll check it.
5．答案：B
解析：W: You’re going to get into a lot of trouble if you do that.
M: What makes you say that I don’t see anything wrong with what we’re doing.
W: That’s just the problem. In these kinds of things the trouble doesn’t always appear at first.
M: But everything has been so easy!
W: That may be true. But I warn you. There’s trouble on the horizon.
6．答案：C
解析：M: Oh. Hi there. A Bentley, isn’t it
W: Well...
M: Do you want to take it for a test ride
W: Well...Um. How old is it
M: Well, it’s only three years old.
W: And what’s the total distance
M: Uh, let me check. Oh yes, 85, 000 miles.
W: 85, 000 miles That’s quite a bit for a car that’s only three years old.
M: Well, once you’re in the driver’s seat, you’ll fall in love with it. Get in.
7．答案：A
解析：
8．答案：B
解析：W: Jack, can you do the dishes tonight I’m very tired.
M: Can’t we just put them in the dish-washer I’ve had a very bad day, too! I just want to kick back and relax.
W: Hey! Just because you had a bad day today doesn’t give you permission to take it out on me!
M: Just leave me alone, OK
W: Why are you being so rude to me I wish I hadn’t gotten married!
9．答案：A
解析：
10．答案：C
解析：M: The economic news doesn’t look good, does it
W: Not according to the newspaper yesterday. I saw a similar report last night on TV.
M: I saw that, too. The analysis seemed to be quite realistic.
W: I hope they’re wrong. We really need to get the rising price structure under control.
M: Well, costs seem to be rising in so many fields that it appears to defeat any efforts at controlling them.
W: That’s my feeling, too. Raw materials now cost more. Labor is demanding higher wages and production costs continue to rise.
M: There may be some relief this summer. I understand the price of some goods will decrease.
11．答案：B
解析：
12．答案：A
解析：
13．答案：C
解析：W: Hello, Northwest Airlines, this is Linda. How can I help you
M: Hi, Linda, this is Andy. I want to book a ticket from New York to San Francisco.
W: When do you want to go
M: The 15th of next month. I have checked it on the web, and the price is $158 for around trip if I leave early in the morning.
W: When do you want to come back
M: The 21st of next month.
W: Yes, you can get that price if you leave at 7: 00 a.m., and come back at 9: 00 p.m.
M: It would be next morning by the time I get back to New York.
W: Right, three-hour time difference plus five-hour flight. You will get back to New York at 5: 00 a.m. That is why the price is low.
M: That is fine. My frequent flyer number is 626866788.
W: Got it.
14．答案：B
解析：
15．答案：A
解析：
16．答案：C
解析：
17．答案：B
解析：M: Welcome to VOA Special English. I’m Barbara Klein. For sports fans, August means different things. For those who follow American football, August is traditionally when players begin training. For tennis lovers, the United States Open begins on August 28th in New York City. For basketball fans, well, they have a little time. The National Basketball Association just released its full list of games for the coming season. Opening night is October 31st. So what have we left out Oh, yes, the boys and girls of summer — Little League Baseball. Their World Series is on August 27th in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. As for the major league, their World Series is not until October 21st.
There are probably more than one thousand songs about baseball. The most popular one is “Take Me Out to the Ball Game.” It was written in 1908 by Jack Norworth. He wrote it after seeing a sign about baseball in an underground train in New York City. Jack Norworth reportedly had never seen a Major League Baseball game. He didn’t see one until thirty-three years after he wrote the song. People still sing “Take Me Out to the Ball Game” during baseball games. In the game, near the end, everyone stands up and stretches their arms and legs. Most often, they sing the song together.
18．答案：C
解析：
19．答案：B
解析：
20．答案：C
解析：
21．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Mardi Gras中的“Believe it or not, the Mardi Gras celebration in Mobile is even older than the one in New Orleans since this Gulf Coast city has much of the same French and Cajun culture as the latter.(信不信由你，Mobile的Mardi Gras狂欢节庆祝活动甚至比New Orleans的还要古老，因为这个海湾沿岸的城市和New Orleans有着很多相同的法国和卡津文化。)”可知，Mobile和New Orleans这两个城市都有丰富的法国和卡津文化。故选C。
22．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Mount Marathon Race中的“This 103-year old tradition is the 10th-oldest foot race in America, but it’s by far the most scenic. The short-but-dangerous competition is held every July 4, racing up the side of Seward’s Mount Marathon through cliffs, waterfalls, and breathtaking views of southeast Alaska.(这个有103年历史的传统是美国第10古老的徒步比赛，但它是迄今为止风景最美的。该短而险的赛事每年7月4日举行，通过悬崖，瀑布和阿拉斯加东南部的壮丽景色，在苏厄德山马拉松的一边比赛)”可知，这个只有3英里的高山马拉松沿途经过了悬崖峭壁和瀑布，一路都有让人惊叹的自然风光。故选B。
23．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据St. Patrick’s Day Parade中的“In just five short years, little Norwich, Connecticut, has developed one of the biggest St. Patrick’s Day celebrations in the country, with an estimated 300, 000 people coming to this town of 40, 000 for bagpipes, beer, and plenty of Irish food.(在短短5年的时间里，康涅狄格的小诺里奇已经发展出全国最大的圣帕特里克节庆祝活动之一，估计有30万人来到这个4万人口的小镇，品尝风笛、啤酒和大量的爱尔兰食物。)”可知，盛大的St. Patrick’s Day节日游行活动中的特色有风笛、啤酒和爱尔兰美食。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的In 2008, when National Geographic Explorer and photojournalist Martin Edstrom learned about the discovery of Hang Son Doong in Vietnam, he realized the cave’s vast “room”—as large as a city block—would be a perfect showcase for the 360-degree and virtual reality(VR) technologies he was using.( 2008年，当国家地理探险家和摄影记者Martin Edstrom得知在越南发现了Hang Son Doong时，他意识到这个洞穴的巨大“房间”—有一个城市街区那么大—将是他使用的360度和虚拟现实(VR)技术的完美展示。)可知， Edstrom把这个Hang Son Doong看成是验证测试自己正在使用的360度全景虚拟现实技术的理想场地。故选B。
25．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的There, they used robotic camera heads, a single DSLR and several smaller camera rigs to build immersive(沉浸的), 360-degree environments that viewers could “inhabit” via VR headsets.(他们在洞穴内使用了机器人相机云台、一台单反相机和几个较小的摄像机设备，创建了可供观众通过虚拟现实头盔“进入”并沉浸其中的全景360度环境。)以及本段中“This technology was beginning to go mainstream, with Facebook launching their 360-video service in 2015.(随着Facebook在2015年推出360度视频服务，这项技术开始成为主流。)”可知，Facebook的360度视频服务与Edstrom团队研发的360度全景虚拟现实技术类似，随着Facebook在2015年推出360度视频服务，这项技术开始成为主流。故选B。
26．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“ The discovery of Hang Son Doong prompted great interest from investors looking to capitalize on the site’s heritage value, including one company that proposed running a cable car through a section of the cave. (Hang Son Doong的发现引起了许多投资者的浓厚兴趣，他们希望利用该地的文化遗产价值。其中一家公司甚至提出在洞穴的一部分区域建设缆车。)”可知，由于Hang Son Doong 的发现激发了投资者们的兴趣并且采取投资行为。由此推断Hang Son Doong 即鼓舞人心的自然奇观也有助于催化积极的行动。因此划线词与“bring about(催化，促进)”为同义词。故选D。
27．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“By drawing international attention to the cave, Edstrom’s 360-degree interactive videos may have played a part in ensuring its preservation: for now, just one tour operator is licensed by the Vietnam government to conduct expeditions to Hang Son Doong, and these are limited to four days. (通过将这个洞穴引起国际关注，Edstrom的360度互动视频可能在确保其保存方面起到了一定的作用：目前，只有一个旅行社得到越南政府的许可，以进行杭山洞的探险，而且限定为四天。)”以及“For Edstrom, this is exactly the kind of outcome he’s looking for.( 对于Edstrom来说，这正是他想要的结果。)”可知，360度全景虚拟现实技术使韩松洞这一自然景观得到了很好的开发和利用，并保证了后续对其的保护，这正符合Edstrom 研发这一技术的初衷。因此Edstrom认为他的技术对Hang Son Doong的影响是使其满意的。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“He said, kids do not grasp the way to talk from mothers or fathers or from anybody else; instead they learn by using their inherent(固有的) skills of grammar. (他说，孩子们不会从父母或其他人那里掌握说话的方式；相反，他们通过使用他们固有的语法技能来学习。)” 可知，语言学家Noam Chomsky认为，人们大脑中都有固有的掌握语法技能。故选C。
29．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“A key opinion of Chomsky for that has been the stimulus’ poverty(贫乏), which shows that kids grasp noun and verb constructions they could not have grasped by learning.(乔姆斯基对此的一个关键观点是刺激贫乏说，这表明孩子们掌握了他们通过学习无法掌握的名词和动词结构。)” 可知，刺激贫乏说的理论表明：儿童掌握了母语中名词和动词的构成规则，然而这种能力并不是他们通过语言习得而掌握的。因此可推知，关于刺激贫乏说这一语言理论很可能涉及儿童的固有语言能力和习得语言的关系。故选D。
30．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中Chomsky rightly stated that kids would not have the error of misusing the first method for forming an inquiry to the 2nd, more difficult sentence. In later trials, no children shifted the in correct “was” although there were phrases they possibly did not hear before.( 乔姆斯基正确地指出，孩子们不会犯错误将第一种构成疑问句的方法错误地转化为第二种更难的句子。在后续的实验中，没有一个孩子把错误的“was”转化成正确的形式，尽管有一些他们可能以前没有听过的短语。)可知，在乔姆斯基后来进行的问句转换测试中，所有的儿童都没有错误使用第一种变疑问句的方法即他们没有误用第一种方法。故选B。
31．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Reason for a minute about how you change the considerations inside your mind into comprehensible words. Where did we get this ability Though a lot of people think that we learn sentence structure in class, our understanding of it begins from the instant of birth!(用一分钟的时间来解释一下你是如何把你脑子里的想法变成可理解的语言的。我们从哪里得到这种能力的？虽然很多人认为我们是在课堂上学习句型的，但我们对句型的理解从出生的那一刻就开始了！)”可知，第一段介绍了文章的主旨即在语法方面的理解能力是人类天生具备的，而不是通过学习获得的；同时根据第二段“Truly, teenage kids possess an in born knowledge of grammatical structures that these kids could not probably have learned.(确实，十几岁的孩子天生就拥有语法结构的知识，这些知识是这些孩子可能学不到的。)”以及最后一段中“Additionally, deaf children use the right grammatical structure with signs even though they have not studied that before. (此外，聋哑儿童即使在之前没有学习过的情况下，也能正确使用手语的语法结构。)”可知，文章从十几岁孩子和聋哑儿童的两个群体举例子说明文章的主旨。故文章的写作方式是通过举例子来支持作者的观点的。故选B。
32．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“But global warming isn’t the only human-caused factor moving the planet’s axis as some of us believe.(但全球变暖并非像我们中的一些人所认为的那样，是人类造成的地球轴移动的唯一人为因素。)”可知，该段中作者主要纠正了一些人的一个错误观点，即“人类活动因素导致的全球变暖是地球自转轴偏移的唯一原因”。因此本段的目的是纠正错误的信念。故选A。
33．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When they didn’t include groundwater removal in their model, their predictions did not match the level of shift that scientists have observed. But when they look into account the massive amount of pumped water — which totaled more than two trillion tons between 1993 and 2010 — their model fit the real-world observations.(当他们的模型中没有包括地下水的移除时，他们的预测与科学家观察到的移动水平不符。但当他们考虑到大量的抽水时—1993年至2010年间总计超过两万亿吨—他们的模型符合现实世界的观察结果。)”可知，研究人员所使用的研究方法是：把电脑模型模拟的结果与现实世界中测得的实际数据作对比。故选C。
34．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“ Of the factors the study looked at, pumping groundwater was the second-largest contributor to the axis drifting, behind the melting Greenland ice sheet.(在研究的因素中，抽取地下水是导致地轴漂移的第二大因素，仅次于格陵兰冰盖融化。)”可知，导致地球自转轴偏移的最重要的因素是近年来格陵兰冰盖的融化。故选A。
35．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anything from ocean currents, to shifting molten rock under the crust, to the melting(融化) of glaciers caused by climate change can cause the axis to drift (飘移). Water stored in artificial lakes and seasonal changes in atmospheric winds can play a role as well.(从洋流到地壳下熔岩的移动，再到气候变化引起的冰川融化，任何事情都可能导致地轴漂移。储存在人工湖中的水和大气风的季节性变化也可以发挥作用。)”以及通读文章可知，本文主要讲述人们无限制抽取地下水资源导致地球自转轴偏移的事实。D选项“Groundwater Pumping Has Changed the Earth’s Axis(抽取地下水改变了地轴)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选D。
36．答案：FEBDA
解析：①根据后文“but thinking about the expectations we have of our friends can help guide your behavior.( 但首先考虑我们对朋友的期望有助于引导你的举止行为)”可知，此处强调的是交朋友有助于引导自己的行为。F选项“There is no one-size-fits-all approach to making friends(交朋友没有放之四海而皆准的方法)”与后文构成转折关系，指出虽然交朋友没有统一的方法即交朋友是有难处的，但是交朋友有助于引导自己的行为，该选项符合语境。故选F。
②根据前文“Stay true to your word and follow through on any promises made(遵守你的诺言，兑现你做出的任何承诺)”可知，本段强调的是“信守诺言”。E选项“If you say you will call or offer to arrange plans, do so(如果你说你会打电话或提出安排计划，那就这样做)”承接前文，指出如果自己说了要打电话或者提出安排计划，那么就要信守承诺，这样去做，符合语境。故选E。
③根据后文As much as possible, it helps to say “yes” to offers or invitations. Repeated interactions are so important, especially in the early stages of a friendship. Put yourself out there, as you would when it comes to dating, and suggest getting together in a different context (e.g., outside of class or work).(尽可能多地对邀请说“是”会有帮助。反复的互动非常重要，尤其是在友谊的早期阶段。把自己放出来，就像约会一样，建议在不同的环境下见面(例如，在课堂或工作之外)。)可知，本段主要介绍的是可以通过参加一些共同活动来维持友谊。B选项“Make time for shared experiences(腾出时间参加一些共同的活动。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。
④根据本段段旨“Gradually share pieces of important or personal information.(逐渐分享一些重要的或个人的信息。)”以及设空处前文的信息“Start small with stories or insights into your thoughts and feelings.(从小的故事或对你的想法和感受的见解开始。)”可知，从一些小的故事或者想法开始来分享自己的思想和情感，从而来维持友谊。D选项“And be sure to show an interest in the other person(一定要对对方表现出兴趣)”承接前文，构成并列关系，在分享自己经历的基础上也要对他人的分享表现出兴趣，符合语境。故选D。
⑤根据本段段旨“Finally, make sure you’re both putting equal effort into the friendship.(最后，确保你们在这段友谊中付出了同样的努力。)”可知，本段强调的是好的友谊是以互惠和平等为特征的。A选项“We only have so much to give(我们能给予的只有这么多)”承接前文，指出在维持友谊中，我们付出的只能这么多，即在付出友谊的同时，也要学会关注自己的精力和时间，不要过度投入，该选项符合语境。故选A。
37．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道自己的情况很严重。A. familiar熟悉的；B. serious严重的；C. imaginary虚构的；D. impressive令人赞叹的。根据上文“After accidentally sliding down the face of a steep rock wall, two tourists found themselves trapped by the edge of a deep pool in a British park.( 两名游客意外从陡峭的岩壁上滑下后，发现自己被困在英国公园的一个深水池边缘。)”可知，两名有课知道自己的情况很严重，故选择B项。
38．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，五名碰巧在现场目睹了这一事件的锡克教徒步旅行者不仅用他们的头，还用他们的帽子—或者更特别的是，他们的头巾—开始了一场相当惊人的救援。A. recalled回忆；B. predicted预测；C. witnessed目睹；D. recorded记录。根据上文“Fortunately for them, five Sikh hikers who happened to be on the scene(幸运的是，五名锡克教徒步旅行者碰巧在现场)”可知，这五位徒步旅行者在现场目睹了这次事故，故选择C项。
39．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，五名碰巧在现场目睹了这一事件的锡克教徒步旅行者不仅用他们的头，还用他们的帽子—或者更特别的是，他们的头巾—开始了一场相当惊人的救援。A. generally通常；B. completely完全地；C. briefly简要地；D. specifically特别地。根据下文“to begin a pretty amazing rescue(开始了一场相当惊人的救援)”可知，这里说的是他们用到的特别的工具—头巾，故选择D项。
40．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，五名碰巧在现场目睹了这一事件的锡克教徒步旅行者不仅用他们的头，还用他们的帽子—或者更特别的是，他们的头巾—开始了一场相当惊人的救援。A. rescue营救；B. project项目；C. match比赛；D. celebration庆祝。根据上文“Fortunately for them, five Sikh hikers who happened to be on the scene and 2 the incident(幸运的是，五名锡克教徒步旅行者碰巧在现场目睹了这一事故)”可知，这里是说他们展开了救援故选择A项。
41．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在仔细检查了情况后，由于没有手机服务可以呼叫外部援助，这群国际学生决定解开他们的传统头饰—长头巾。A. describing描述；B. following跟随；C. concluding推断；D. examining检查。根据下文的“with no cellphone service to call for outside assistance, the group of international students 6 the decision of unwinding the long turbans—their traditional headgear.(由于没有手机服务可以呼叫外部援助，这群国际学生决定解开他们的传统头饰—长头巾。)”可知，这里要说的是在营救前先检查情况，故选择D项。
42．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在仔细检查了情况后，由于没有手机服务可以呼叫外部援助，这群国际学生决定解开他们的传统头饰—长头巾。A. ruled out排除；B. got around传开；C. came to做出决定；D. looked into观察。根据上文“and with no cellphone service to call for outside assistance(由于没有手机服务可以呼叫外部援助)”可知，因为没法呼叫外部救援他们决定利用长头巾进行救援，故选择C项。
43．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们设法制作了一条33英尺长的救生索，最终将这两个人从困境中解救出来。A. force强迫；B. invite邀请；C. scare害怕；D. fish(从……中)取出，拿出，拖出。根据上文“the group of international students 6 the decision of unwinding the long turbans—their traditional headgear. They managed to fashion a 33-foot lifeline(这群国际学生决定解开他们的传统头饰—长头巾。他们设法制作了一条33英尺长的救生索)”可知，用这条头巾制成的长绳索救出了两人，fish...out of“救出，拖出”。故选择D项。
44．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名徒步旅行者被拉到安全地带后，公园官员开始评估他们的情况。A. safety安全；B. hospital医院；C. balance平衡；D. normal常态。根据上文“They managed to fashion a 33-foot lifeline, with which they were eventually able to 7 the pair out of their situation.(他们设法制作了一条33英尺长的救生索，最终将这两个人从困境中解救出来。)”可知，这里说的是被救出后他们带到了安全地带，故选择A项。
45．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：两名徒步旅行者被拉到安全地带后，公园官员开始评估他们的情况。A. prove证明；B. assess评估；C. review复习；D. improve提升。根据下文“As neither required medical treatment(因为两个人都不需要医治)”可知，这里说的是对他们的情况进行了评估，故选择B项。
46．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于两人都不需要治疗，他们在公园官员的许可下被释放，并得到警告，让他们更好地考虑下一次要去哪里。A. comforted安慰；B. greeted问候；C. informed告知；D. released放走。根据下文“with park officials’ permission(在公园官员的许可下)”可知，这里说的是他们被放走了，故选择D项。
47．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于两人都不需要治疗，他们在公园官员的许可下被释放，并得到警告，让他们更好地考虑下一次要去哪里。A. mind当心，注意；B. report报道；C. mark标记；D. remain剩余。根据下文“where they’re going next time.( 下一次要去哪里)”可知，这里说的是下次要注意想好去哪里，故选择A项。
48．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：金达和他的四位同伴虽然对他们一天的工作非常满意，但对他们的英勇行为感到谦卑。A. curious好奇的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. humble谦虚的；D. ambitious有野心的。根据下文“It was simply a(n) 13 of being in the right place at the right time and having the 14 to help,” they said.(他们说：“这只是一个在正确的时间出现在正确的地点并有办法提供帮助的问题。”)可知，他们对于自己的英勇行为很谦虚，故选择C项。
49．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“这只是一个在正确的时间出现在正确的地点并有办法提供帮助的问题。”A. matter问题，事情；B. reminder提醒；C. ability能力；D. policy政策。根据上文“Kinda and his four comrades, while more than pleased with their day’s work, were 12 about their heroic action. (金达和他的四位同伴虽然对他们一天的工作非常满意，但对他们的英勇行为感到谦卑。)”可知，他们认为这只是一个正确的时间出现在正确的地点并刚好有办法提供帮助的问题，故选择A项。
50．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“这只是一个在正确的时间出现在正确的地点并有办法提供帮助的问题。”A. mood情绪；B. means方式；C. energy能量；D. prospect前景。根据上文“They managed to fashion a 33-foot lifeline, with which they were eventually able to 7 the pair out of their situation.(他们设法制作了一条33英尺长的救生索，最终将这两个人从困境中解救出来。)”可知，这里说的是他们刚好有办法提供帮助，故选择B项。
51．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：金达说：“在锡克教中，我们被教导用我们所拥有的任何东西，甚至我们的头巾，尽我们所能帮助别人。”A. requir要求；B. possess拥有；C. deserve值得；D. design设计。根据下文“even our turbans(甚至我们的头巾)”可知，上文说的是我们所拥有的任何东西，故选择B项。
52．答案：to create; appeared; thrown; commonly; central; a; but/yet; experts; on/upon; which
解析：①考查动词不定式。句意：它们可以被设计成各种不同的颜色和图案，所以人们经常点燃一些烟花以创造一个有趣的烟花表演。in an effort to do sth意为“试图做某事”，故填to create。
②考查时态。句意：历史学家认为，烟花最早出现在公元前2世纪的中国古代，当时烟花是用竹竿和火药制成的，扔进火里就会爆炸。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，由“in the second century B.C.”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时态，appear是不及物动词，用主动语态，故填appeared。
③考查过去分词。句意：历史学家认为，烟花最早出现在公元前2世纪的中国古代，当时烟花是用竹竿和火药制成的，扔进火里就会爆炸。这里when引导的从句使用了省略结构，完整的从句为：when they were thrown into a fire，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，故填thrown。
④考查副词。句意：到了15世纪，烟花已经在欧洲流行起来，通常用于宗教节日和公共娱乐活动。此处用副词作状语修饰动词used，需要的词义为“通常地”，故填commonly。
⑤考查形容词。句意：当美国移民离开欧洲时，他们带来了烟花，并使它们成为第一个独立日的核心部分，这一传统一直延续到今天。根据空前后的冠词和名词可知，此处用形容词作定语，需要的词义为“中心的”，故填central。
⑥考查冠词。句意：当美国移民离开欧洲时，他们带来了烟花，并使它们成为第一个独立日的核心部分，这一传统一直延续到今天。该部分属于同位语，对前面的内容进行补充说明，表示泛指一个传统，用不定冠词，tradition是以辅音音素开头，故填a。
⑦考查并列连词。句意：烟花非常受欢迎，但它们与空气污染增加有关，专家们担心它们对野生动物的负面影响。根据语意，前后两个分句“Fireworks are wildly popular”与“they have been linked to air pollution increases”之间是转折关系，使用并列连词but或yet，故填but或yet。
⑧考查名词的数。句意：烟花非常受欢迎，但它们与空气污染增加有关，专家们担心它们对野生动物的负面影响。expert为可数名词，此处为泛指意义，用复数形式，故填experts。
⑨考查固定短语。句意：烟花非常受欢迎，但它们与空气污染增加有关，专家们担心它们对野生动物的负面影响。固定短语effect on/upon意为“对……的影响”，故填on或upon。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：烟花中的许多化学物质也会在环境中持续存在，这意味着它们顽固地停留在那里，而不是分解。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前文整个句子“Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment”，故填which。
53．答案：Dear Ryan,
I am happy to have received your letter enquiring about the recent extreme weather in our area. Thanks for your being so considerate.
The snowstorm first hit our area on December 12th, and it went on and off for about 3 days, covering the ground with a snowfall of about 20 centimeters. The temperature fell well below the freezing point. The public traffic in our city was badly affected by the deep snow. As a result, all the schools were forced to close and we were told to stay at home and study online. Fortunately, we can still enjoy ourselves by having a snowball fight and building a snowman outside. All the best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：
1.词汇积累
愉快的：happy→delighted
侵袭：hit → strike
严重地：badly→seriously
幸运地：fortunately→ luckily
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thanks for your being so considerate.
拓展句：Thanks for your being so considerate, which makes me feel touched.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The snowstorm first hit our area on December 12th, and it went on and off for about 3 days, covering the ground with a snowfall of about 20 centimeters. （运用了现在分词作状语的结构）
【高分句型2】The public traffic in our city was badly affected by the deep snow（运用了一般过去时被动语态结构）
54．答案： I saw tear swelling up in my daughter’s eyes. She explained that Cady was not only a pet to her, but also a friend. She talked about how Cady would greet her everyday afterschool and even how she would comfort her when she was feeling sad. I had never realized that Cady had such a deep connection with my daughter. Then she said, “Dad, you just don’t understand. If Cady is at the pound, no one will adopt her. Who would pick her She is three years old and not even house-trained. She is not even pretty like Casey. No one would pick her and that means they will kill her.” My heart softened on hearing my daughter’s words. So we decided to look for Cady, but in vain.
After along and stressful night, we finally got a call from the city pound. Cady had been found wandering in a nearby neighborhood. We rushed to the city pound and were reunited with her. As we walked out of the pound with Cady, my daughter hugged me tightly and thanked me for not giving up her friend. That day, as we sat on the porch with Cady curled up at our feet, I realized the true value of pets in our lives. I am glad that we found Cady and that my daughter was able to keep her friend. I resolved to repair my fence in an effort to prevent any future escapes. Mostly, however, I was determined to consider my daughter’s feelings with a little more compassion before making some anger-based remarks.
解析：
1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我看到我女儿的眼里充满了泪水。”可知，第一段可描写女儿跟作者描述自己与Cady的友谊并表示对Cady的担忧，作者决定和女儿一起出去寻找Cady。
②由第二段首句内容“经过漫长而紧张的一夜，我们终于接到了城市收容所的电话。”可知，第二段可描写找到Cady的过程以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：女儿解释和Cady的友谊—表示担忧—决定找Cady—找到Cady—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
解释：explain/account for
意识到：realize/be aware of
决定做某事：decide to do sth./be determined to do sth.
拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
难过的：sad/sorrowful
高兴的：glad/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]
She talked about how Cady would greet her everyday afterschool and even how she would comfort her when she was feeling sad.（运用了how引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]
I am glad that we found Cady and that my daughter was able to keep her friend.（运用了that引导宾语从句）

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