资源简介

形容词和副词
形容词（adj.)和副词(adv.)
形容词(adj.)
修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。
如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的)
形容词一般放在名词前面，用来修饰名词;
如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语)
形容词一般放在be动词和感官动词的后面，表示一种状态，心情和某种感觉。
如：We are happy today. (happy快乐的，表示一种心情。)
The news sounds great！（sound听起来，是感官动词，表示一种感觉。）
＊感官动词：feel，taste尝，touch摸，sound听，smell闻，look等等
副词(adv.)
通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。
如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地)
副词的分类
1) 时间副词: now, today等
2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never
2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等
3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等
4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等
5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等
形容词转化成副词
形容词变副词规律小结
规则变化
范围 变化规则 例词
大部分形容词 加ly careless----carelessly quiet----quietly/different----differently
以le结尾的形容词 变le为ly possible----possibly terrible----terribly comfortable----comfortably gentle----gently、simple----simply
以y结尾的形容词 变y为ily easy----easily、angry----angrily noisy----noisily、happy----happily heavy----heavily、healthy----healthily
不规则变化
本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变 fast----fast、early----early high----high、hard----hard late----late、far----far wide----wide、alone----alone
形容词和副词为完全不同的单词 good----well
初中阶段唯一一个需要去掉字母e的单词 true----truly
虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词 Friendly/ively/lovely/lonely Likely很有可能的/monthly
有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加ly的副词形式。但加不加ly意思不一样，使用时需注意 wide(形容词，宽阔的，睁大的)----wide(副词，睁大地)/widely(副词，广泛地),late(形容词，晚的)-----late(副词，晚地)，lately（最近）high(形容词，高的)----high(副词，高地)/highly(副词，高度地)
特别容易犯错的副词
形容词 副词 备注
hard hard hard副词容易写成hardly, hardly意思为“几乎不”，与hard无任何关系
friendly 无 不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成in a friendly way“用一种友好的方式”。如： He smiled at me in a friendly way.
excited excitedly 容易拼错
healthy healthily 容易拼错
polite politely 不用去掉字母e。类似的词还有：widely, nicely, closely,
形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成
比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better
最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 long-longest
比较级和最高级的变化规则：
规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）：
在词尾直接加-er/est, 如：short-shorter-shortest
词尾是e，只加-r/st, 如：nice-nicer-nicest
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i 再加-er/est, 如：happy-happier-happiest
重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est,
如：big-bigger-biggest
其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加more/most, 如：more/most delicious
不规则变化：如下表（简记为：两好、三坏、两多、一少、一远）
五．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：
词义 原级 比较级 最高级
好 good/well better best
坏 bad/badly/ill worse worst
多 many/much more most
少 little less least
远 far farther/further farthest/furthest
1. 原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”相当于the same as…
肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B
Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter.
否定句：A+动词.+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B
This tree is not as/so tall as that one.
2. 比较级的用法:
1）A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B
Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary
注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little，far, a lot, a bit来修饰。
2）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”
The earth is getting warmer and warmer.
3）the +比较级，the +比较级，表示“越……, 就越……”
The more, the better. 越多越好。（多多益善）
3. 最高级用法：
用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。
1）one of the +最高级
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
（四）拓展训练
一．根据句意填入单词的正确形式
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t_____(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
二．选词填空
（ ）1. Which subject do you like_______, maths or English
A.good B.better C.well D.best
（ ）2.This red rose is _______of all flowers.
A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful
（ ）3.My book is newer than________.
A.he B.his C.our D.we
（ ）4.He is________student in his class.
A.good B.better C.the best D.best
（ ）5.Look! The bee________than the bird.
A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher
（ ）6.His hens are ________and fat.
A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest
（ ）7.She knows________about history than most people.
A.more B.much C.most D.many
（ ）8.It was really an________story.
A.afraid B.excited C.exciting D.worried
（ ）9.Which city is __________from here, Beijing or Shanghai
A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest
（ ）10.This building is __________that tree.
A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as
三、选择正确的词填空。
Sarah is 12 years ________ (old,older).She is one year ________ (older,oldest) than me.But I am 0.1 meter ________ (taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Guangzhou international School.She studies the________ (harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels ________ (good,better) now.

展开更多......

收起↑