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牛津译林版 八年级下册 Unit 5 知识清单（四）
Integrated skills & Study skills
【知识精讲】
explain sth. to sb. = explain sb. sth.“向某人解释某事”。
keep sb. from sth.“保护某人免受……；阻止某人……”。
keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb. (from) doing sth. = prevent sb. (from) doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。
warn sb.“警告/告诫某人”。
→ warn sb. (not) to do sth.“警告某人（不要）做某事”。
→ warn sb. of/about sth.“警告某人某事；提醒某人注意某事”。
→ warn sb. against doing sth.“警告/告诫某人不要做某事”。
No parking“禁止停车”。
→ parking lot“停车场”。
→ free parking“免费停车”。
→ parking space“停车位”。
Why not do... = Why don’t/doesn’t sb. do... “为什么不……？”
in one’s life“在某人的一生中”。
be successful in doing sth.“成功做某事”。
soon after“不久以后”。
in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。
→ in order not to do sth.“为了不做某事”。
→ in order that“为了……”。
risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”。
→ the risk of...“……的风险”。
at one time“一度，同时，在过去某个时候”。
have/get a pain in...“（身体某个部位）痛”。
practice/practise doing sth.“练习做某事”。
notice：vt.“注意到”； n.“布告，通知，注意”。
→ take notice of“注意”。
→ notice sb. do sth.“注意到某人做某事”； notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事”。
→ come to sb’s notice“引起某人的注意”。
be familiar to“为……所熟悉”。
→ be familiar with“对……熟悉”。
traditional festival“传统节日”；traditional culture“传统文化”。
【词义辨析】
sometime/some time/sometimes/some times
sometime：“（在）某时”。表示一个过去或将来不确定的时间点，用when提问。
some time：“一段时间”。表示时间段，用how long提问。
sometimes：“有时”。表示频率，用how often提问。
some times：“几次，几倍”。表示次数或倍数，用how many times提问。
indeed/really/truly
indeed：“真正地，的确”，一般用于肯定或证实对方所说的话，承接前言，也可以加强或肯定语气。
really：“真正地，确实地”，主要用于强调与事实或现实不相违背，也可以表示不快、惊奇或某种含蓄的怀疑。
truly：“真正地”，强调客观存在的真实性，没有任何虚假。
【词形转换】
explain：v.“解释”。 → explanation：n.“解释，说明”。
successful：adj.“成功的”。 → success：n.“成功”。 → successfully：adv.“成功地”。
practice：n.“练习”。 → practice：（美式）v.“练习”/practise：（英式）v.“练习”。
softly：adv.“轻轻地，柔软地”。 → soft：adj.“柔和的，柔软的”。
traditional：adj.“传统的”。 → tradition：n.“传统，传说”。
【短语归纳】
public signs 公共标识
be used in public places 用于公共场所
often bright in colours 经常色彩明亮
often have pictures on them 经常有图画在它们上面
help explain things 帮助解释食物
give us useful information 给我们有用的信息
help us find our way 帮助我们找到我们的路
tell us about the places around us 告诉我们有关我们周围的地方
keep us safe from danger 保护我们安全免受危险
warn us not to do something 警告我们不要做某事
No smoking/photos/parking/littering 禁止吸烟/拍照/停车/扔垃圾
see different public signs in places like hospitals,museums, streets and parks 在像医院、博物馆、街道和公园这样的地方看到不同的公共标识
look at this famous painting by Picasso 看这幅毕加索的著名油画
take a photo of it 给它拍一张照片
look at the sign 看这个标识
notice that sign 注意到那个标识
just now 刚才
shout in the museum 在博物馆里喊叫
in a foreign country 在外国
behave in the way that the people around you should behave 按照你周围的人的举止方式去做
many traditional sayings 许多传统的谚语
in general use 经常使用
be a great help 作用很大
need some wise words to express your ideas 需要一些睿智的言语来表达你的想法
make what you say or write simple and vivid 让你的表达简单而传神
be lucky or successful sometime in their life 在人生中的某时是幸运的或成功的
happen to you 发生在你身上
other bad things 其他的坏事情
soon after 不久以后
have to do something before others 不得不在别人之前做些事情
in order to be successful 为了成功
share the work 分担工作
make a job easier to complete 使这份工作更容易完成
what other people have 别人所拥有的（东西）
seem better than your own 似乎比你自己的要好
risk losing everything all at one time 冒着同时失去一切的危险
put all your eggs in one basket 孤注一掷
on the other side 在另一边
as the saying goes 正如谚语所说
make his dream come true 梦想成真
after years of hard work 在数年艰苦工作之后
keep practising speaking English every day 每天练习说英语
be better at it 更擅长它
try to do many things at one time 一次尽力做很多事情
become tired out 筋疲力尽
give his friends help 给他的朋友帮助
be good at cooking 擅长烹饪
in fact 事实上
cook delicious meals for us 为我们做美味的饭菜
【重点句型】
Amy is talking with her cousin Shirley about signs used in public places.
埃米正在和她的表姐雪莉谈论用于公共场所的标识。
Shirley is writing a report on public signs.
雪莉正在写有关公共标识的报告。
We can see different public signs in places like hospitals, museums, streets and parks.
我们可以在像医院、博物馆、街道和公园这样的地方看到不同的公共标识。
They are often bright in colours and have pictures on them.
他们通常色彩明亮并且上面有图画。
Public signs help explain things.
公共标识帮着解释东西。
Most of them give us useful information.
他们中大多数给我们有用的信息。
They help us find our way, tell us about the places around us, keep us safe from danger and warn us not to do something.
它们帮助我们找到我们的路，告诉我们关于我们周围的地方，保护我们安全免受危险并警告我们不去做某事。
Mr Zhao, Amy’s father, is visiting an art museum with Amy and Shirley.
埃米的父亲赵先生正在和埃米及雪莉参观艺术博物馆。
They are talking softly in the museum.
他们正在博物馆里轻声交谈。
Work in groups and warn your group members not to do something.
分组练习，提醒你的组员不要做某事。
Look at this famous painting by Picasso.
看这幅毕加索的注明油画。
Let me take a photo of it.
让我给它拍一张照片。
Please don’t take photos, Amy.
埃米，请不要拍照。
Why not
为什么不要？
Look at the sign. It says “No photos”.
看这个标识。它上面写着“禁止拍照”。
We shouldn’t take photos here.
我们不应该在这里拍照。
Sorry, I didn’t notice that sign just now.
对不起，我刚才没有注意到那个标识。
Come and see, Amy!
过来看，埃米！
I’ve seen this painting before.
我以前见过这张油画。
I’m coming, but we shouldn’t shout in the museum, Shirley.
我来了，但是雪莉，我们不应该在博物馆里喊叫。
A saying is a short wise statement that usually gives advice or expresses some truth about life.
谚语是一种短而智慧的陈述，通常提供建议或者表达一些关于生活的真理。
When you are in a foreign country or a situation you are not familiar with, you should behave in the way that the people around you behave.
当你在外国或你不熟悉的地方时，你应该按你周围的人的举止方式去做。
Many traditional sayings are still in general use today.
许多传统的谚语现在仍然经常使用。
Sometimes they are a great help if you need some wise words to express your ideas.
有时如果你需要一些睿智的谚语来表达你的想法，那么它们的作用很大。
They make what you say or write simple and vivid.
它们让你的表达简单而传神。
Sandy collected some sayings.
桑迪收集了一些谚语。
Help her match the sayings with their meanings.
帮助她把谚语和意思搭配起来。
Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life.
每个人在人生中的某时都会是幸运的或成功的。
When one bad thing happens to you, other bad things happen soon after.
当一件不好的事情发生在你身上时，不久以后另外的不好的事情也会发生。
You have to do something before others in order to be successful.
为了成功，你不得不在别人之前做些事情。
If lots of people share the work, it will make a job easier to complete.
如果很多人分担工作，它会使这份工作更容易完成。
What other people have always seems better than your own.
别人所拥有的（东西）似乎总比你自己的要好。
The early bird catches the worm.
冒着同时失去一切的危险。
The early bird catches the worm.
早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
It never rains but it pours.
祸不单行。
Many hands make light work.
众人拾柴火焰多。
Every dog has its day.
人人皆有得意时。
Put all your eggs in one basket.
孤注一掷。
The grass is always greener on the other side.
邻家芳草绿。
Mr Wu has prepared some sayings for the students.
吴老师为学生们准备了一些谚语。
Just as the saying goes, “No pain, no gain.”
正如这则谚语说的：“一分耕耘，一分收获”。
My cousin has made his dream come true after years of hard work.
我的表格在数年艰苦工作之后，梦想成真。
Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
If you keep practising speaking English every day, you will be better at it.
如果你一直每天练习说英语，你会更擅长它。
Do not try to do many things at one time.
一次不要尽力做很多事。
Otherwise, you will become tired out.
否则，你会很累。
Remember, you cannot burn the candle at both ends.
记住，你不能过度疲劳。
He always gives his friends help when they need it because he knows that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
他总是当朋友需要时给他们帮助，因为他知道患难见真情。
Dad never says that he is good at cooking, but in fact he is.
爸爸从不说他擅长做饭，但事实上他擅长。
He always cooks delicious meals for us, that is, actions speak louder than words.
他总是为我们做美味的饭菜，那是行动胜过语言。
【针对训练】
根据汉语提示完成句子。
Mother’s Day became a __________（公开的）holiday. public
Will you __________（解释）the maths problem to me explain
It’s dangerous to cross the road. Please __________（警告）the students. warn
Look at the sign. It says “No __________（停车）”. parking
Don’t __________（乱丢垃圾）everywhere. litter
It’s a __________（成功的）computer game. successful
I will visit the Great Wall __________（某时）this year. sometime
Can you __________（冒险做）your life to save people risk
Just as the saying goes that, “The early bid catches the w__________.” worm
No p__________, no g__________. pain; gain
I was __________（真正地）glad to hear the news. indeed
Enough __________（练习）can help improve your English. practice
There are some __________（蜡烛）on the table. candles
单项选择。
Why not __________ your friends for help when you are in trouble
A.ask B.to ask C.asks D.asking
The traffic signs warn people __________ after drinking.
A.to drive B.not to drive C.driving D.don’t drive
Simon practices __________ basketball every day so that he can be a better player.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.to playing
—Millie got an “A” in the maths test.
—__________. She works the hardest in our class.
A.Many hands make light work B.It never rains but it pours
C.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket D.No pain, no gain
The story sounded quite familiar __________ me, and I got a little bored.
A.from B.for C.to D.with
He said he would come to see us __________ the next afternoon.
A.sometime B.some time C.sometimes D.some times
翻译句子。
妈妈总是告诫我不要在网上和陌生人交朋友。
Mother always ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ strangers online. warns me not to make friends with
我没有注意他说了什么。
________ ________ ________ what he said. I didn’t notice
这个女孩还在房间里练习弹钢琴。
The girl is still ________ ________ ________ ________ in the room. practice/practise playing the piano
你能向我解释一下这道数学题吗？
Will you ________ the maths problem ________ me explain; to
我打电话交了计程车，不一会儿车就到了。
I rang for a taxi and it arrived ________ ________. soon after
他冒着生命危险救了我的生命。
He saved my life at the ________ of ________ his own. risk; losing

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