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Unit 5 What do they do
语法梳理：一般现在时的陈述句精讲精练 (含答案)
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或表示现在的特征或状态，也可表示客观事实或普遍真理。
一、第三人称单数的具体情况总结
我们已经了解当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要相应地使用第三人称单数形式。那么如何判定主语是否是第三人称单数呢 具体有以下分类：
人称代词 he, she, it 作主语。
单个的人名、地名或称呼作主语。例如:
My sister works here.我的姐姐/妹妹在这里工作。
可数名词单数或“this/that/the/a等+可数名词单数”作主语。例如:
This boy looks happy. 这个男孩看上去很高兴。
The rabbit jumps high.这只兔子跳得高。
不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等以及指示代词this和that作主语。
例如:Someone talks in class.有人在课堂上说话。
不可数名词作主语。例如:
The soup is too hot. 汤太烫了。
数字或者字母作主语。例如:
Thirteen and seven is twenty.十三加七等于二十。
特殊疑问句中，what，who等疑问代词作主语。例如：
Who lives here 谁住在这儿
What makes you happy 什么让你高兴
二、一般现在时的肯定句
基本结构为“主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他.”。例如：
He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
I go to school every day.我每天去上学。
This giraffe is so tall.这只长颈鹿是如此的高。
Miss Li teaches English. 李老师教英语。
三、一般现在时的否定句
1.含有 be动词的句子，改为否定句时，在 be动词后加 not，句中如有some则改为 any。例如：
I'm a student. → I'm not a student. There is some milk. → There isn't any milk.
2.含有情态动词(can, should, would等)的句子,改为否定句时,在情态动词后加 not。例如:
I can sing well. → I can’t/cannot sing well.
3.含有行为动词的句子，改为否定句时，需要使用助动词 do 或 does，后加 not，然后再接动词原形。
do not 常缩写为 don’t, does not 常缩写为 doesn’t,后接动词原形。例如:
My teacher buys some toys. → My teacher doesn't buy any toys.
We make a fruit salad together. → We don't make a fruit salad together.
注意：此处do 和 does作为助动词，本身没有实际意义。do/does 作为实义动词时，意思是“做，干(某事)”。例如:
He does homework in the evening. → He doesn't do homework in the evening.
四、动词第三人称单数
一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，在一般现在时中，由于主语不同，动词会发生相应的变化。
主语为第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数时，动词为原形。例如：
I eat lunch at twelve o’clock. 我在12 点吃午餐。
You look very nice. 你看上去很好看。
They often go to school together. 他们经常一起去上学。
Su Hai and Su Yang usually fly kites on Sundays. 苏海和苏洋通常在星期天放风筝。
主语为第三人称单数(能用 he，she，it代替)时，动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：
He helps sick people. 他帮助病人。 Miss Li speaks English well. 李老师英语说得好。
在一般现在时中，动词的第三人称单数变化规则如下：
分类 例词 读音
一般情况下，在动词词尾直接s cook—cooks swim—swims write—writes read—reads s在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音和元音后读/z/;与/t/和/d/连 起来时读/ts/和/dz/
以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接在词尾加s play—plays say—says buy—buys s读/z/(因为一般以“元音字 母+y”结尾的读音是元音)
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加es fly—flies study—studies carry—carries cry—cries y变i后读音不变, es读/z/
以“辅音字母+o”结尾的动词，一般在词尾加es go—goes do—does es读/z/
以“s,x,sh,ch”结尾的动词,一般在词尾加es guess—guesses fix—fixes(修理) push—pushes watch—watches es读/ z/
不规则变化:have 和 be动词 have—has be—is has/h z; h z/ is/ z/
注：部分动词变为第三人称单数时，原词的元音部分发音会发生变化，如：do—does，say—says。
【考题精练】
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。
1. find ________ 2. stop ________ 3. push ________ 4. give ________
5. have ________ 6. dance ________ 7. read ________ 8. skate ________
9. fly ________ 10. work ________ 11. play ________ 12. live ________
13. do ________ 14. sit ________ 15. wait ________ 16. visit ________
17. buy ________ 18. go ________ 19. study ________ e ________
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Jim ________(like) his new sweater.
2. Let Helen ________(have) a look at the book.
3. Julia ________(want)________(sing) an English song.
4. Miss Wu ________(teach) us English this term.
5. Su Hai and Su Yang ________(sleep) for 8 hours a day.
6.—Who ________(live) in Nanjing in your family
—My brothers ________(live) there.
7. Mike often ________(go) ________(swim) in summer.
8.—________(be) your sister a ________(cook) —No, she ________(be).
9. Liu Tao often ________(play) table tennis with Wang Bing. They ________(be) happy.
10.—What ________(do) your uncle ________(do) —He ________(be) a doctor.
11. This child ________(do) not have breakfast in the morning. It's not good for him.
12. ________(not do) eat anything in the library.
13. Tina ________(do) not play table tennis after class.
14. The twins ________(not do) like tigers. But they like lions.
15. The boy ________(do) his homework at home.
16. He sometimes ________(go) to the park and ________(draw) pictures in it.
17. My father and mother often ________(watch) TV in the evening.
18. My uncle is a ________ cook. He can cook ________.(good)
19. It's very cold. The water ________(turn) into ice. Let's go ________(skate).
20. Helen always ________(have) ________(dance) lessons on Sundays.
21. The girl sometimes ________(chat) with her e-friend on the Internet.
22. Tina ________(not go) to school on Sundays. She ________(sleep) at home.
23. The teachers in Class One ________(be) friendly.
24. My aunt ________(not look)happy,because(因为)my cousin ________(not do)his homework.
按要求改写句子。
1. They can sing and dance.(改为否定句)
They ________sing ________ dance.
2. My father goes fishing on Saturdays.(改为否定句)
My father ________ ________ ________on Saturdays.
3. Lily would like to buy some fish.(改为否定句)
Lily ________ ________to ________ ________fish.
4. Ben doesn't speak Chinese well either.(改为肯定句)
Ben ________ ________ well ________.
5. Wang Bing draws well.(改为同义句)
Wang Bing ________ ________ ________drawing.
6. Mr Brown is a music teacher.(改为同义句)
Mr Brown ________ ________.
7. Sam sends his e-friends emails.(改为同义句)
Sam sends emails ________ ________ ________.
8. My friend often goes to the cinema at weekends.(改为同义句)
My friend often ________ ________ on ________ and ________.
参考答案
一、1. finds 2. stops 3. pushes 4. gives 5. has6. dances 7. reads 8. skates 9. flies 10. works
11. plays 12. lives 13. does 14. sits 15. waits 16. visits 17. buys 18. goes 19. studies
es
二、1. likes 2. have 3. wants; to sing
4. teaches 5. sleep 6. lives; live
7. goes swimming 8. Is; cook; isn’t
9. plays; are 10. does;do; is
11. does 12. Don't 13. does 14. don't 15. does
16. goes; draws 17. watch 18. good; well
19. turns; skating 20. has dancing 21. chats
22. doesn't go; sleeps 23. are 24. doesn't look; doesn't do
三、1. can't/cannot; or 2. doesn't go fishing3. wouldn't like; buy any 4. speaks Chinese; too 5. is good at
6. teaches Music 7. to his e-friends 8. watches/sees films; Saturdays; Sundays

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