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Lesson3 Please send me a card
Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
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Listen and answer
How many cards did the writer send
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Comprehension
单项选择
1. The writer____________________________.
(a)doesn't like buying postcards (b)doesn't like receiving postcards
(c)doesn't like writing postcards (d)doesn't like postcards
2. What was the writer's big decision
He decided to write postcards to his friends. (b)He decided to spend the whole day in his room.
(c)He decided to buy a lot of postcards. (d)He decided not to write a single card.
回答问题
1 Do postcards always spoil the writer's holidays or not
2 Where did he spend his holidays last summer
3 What did he think about every day
4 Did he send any cards to his friends or not
5 How many cards did he buy on the last day
6 Where did he stay all day
7 Did he write any cards or not
Vocabulary
A waiter usually works in a_______________.
(a)public garden (b)shop (c)restaurant (d)private house
2. The waiter lent him a book. He __________ a book from the waiter.
(a)lent (b)borrowed (c)took (d)stole
3. On the last day he made a big decision. It was the____________day of his holiday.
(a)final (b)end (c)latest (d)bottom
4. He made a big decision. He___________________.
(a)thought about it (b)made up his mind (c)changed his mind (d)made a wish
5. He didn't write a single card. So he______________.
(a)wrote only one (b)didn't write even one (c)wrote just one (d)wrote all the cards except one
Structure
双宾语
英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，这些动词大多具有“给与”的含义。
He lent me a book 表示动作lend结果的直接宾语(a book)
表示动作lend目标的间接宾语(me)
间接宾语在大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾语前必须加“to”(表示动作对什么人而做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做), 因此，课文中的句子也可以改写成：
He lent a book to me.
He lent me a book. == He lent a book to me.
He sent me a card. == He sent a card to me.
He passed me the salt. == He passed the salt to me.
She bought me a tie. == She bought a tie for me.
She made me a cake. == She made a cake for me.
小试牛刀1：改写下列句子
1 He paid the shopkeeper some money.
2 He handed me the prize.
3 The waiter brought a bottle of beer to the man.
4 He sold all his books to me.
5 The shop assistant found some curtain material for me.
6 He did me a big favour.
7 She showed her husband her new hat.
8 She promised a reward to the finder.
9 He gave his son some advice.
10 His uncle left him some money.
11 He is teaching English to us.
12 I bought this bunch of flowers for you.
13 Bring that book to me please.
14 He offered me a cigarette.
15 Read me the first paragraph.
16 I've ordered some soup for you.
17 I owe him a lot of money.
18 Pass the mustard to your father.
一般过去时
<1> 基本概念： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；或者过去时间里，习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
<2>常用时间状语：
①yesterday及相关短语：yesterday昨天/ the day before yesterday前天/ yesterday morning昨天早上
②“last+时间状语”：last night/week/month/spring/year…昨晚/上周/上个月/去年春天/去年
③ “一段时间+ago”：three days ago三天前 four years ago四年前
④“介词+时间名字”：in 1997 在1997年 on the morning of September 1st 在九月一号的早上
⑤其他：just now刚刚 a moment ago 刚才 long long ago很久以前 once upon a time 曾经…
<3>动词过去式的变化：
①一般直接在动词词尾+ed: help –helped clean—cleaned
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词+d: live—lived move—moved
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i再+ed: study—studied cry—cried
④重读闭音节动词，双写末尾字母+ed: plan—planned stop—stopped
⑤其他不规则变化：am/is—was are—were go—went meet—met see—saw do—did get—got read—read
<4> 句子构成
1.主语+be动词过去式（was/were）+其它
She was at home just now. 她刚刚还在家的。
2.主语+实义动词过去式+其它
They usually went to the park three months ago. 三个月前，他们经常去公园。
<5>注意事项
(1)表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。
(2)表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always，never等连用。　
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。　
（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她是否常带着伞。）　
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。　
（说明这是她的习惯，表明她仍然还习惯总带着一把伞，使用的是一般现在时）　
Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。　
（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦，使用的是现在进行时）
（3）如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do（过去常常做，而不那样做了）　
I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着不再早晨散步了）
I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作）　
（4）有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！
I didn't know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）　
I thought you were ill.我以为你病了！（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是我知道你没病）
小试牛刀1: 用正确的时态填空
My friend Roy,_________(die) last year. He____________(leave) me his CD player and his collection of CDs. Roy__________(spend) a lot of money on CDs. He________(buy) one or two new CDs every week. He never_________(go) to the cinema or to the theatre. He___________(stay) at home every evening and ___________ (listen) to music. He often__________(lend) CDs to his friends. Sometimes they______ (keep) them. He___________(lose) many CDs in this way.
小试牛刀2: 单项选择
Last summer he went to Italy. He was __________ Italy last summer.
(a)at (b)to (c)in (d)on
_______________him a few words of Italian The waiter.
(a)Who taught (b)Who did teach (c)What did he teach (d)Whom did he teach
He was a friendly waiter.He spoke to the writer.
(a)friend (b)as friends (c)like friends (d)in a friendly way
The writer ________ a few lines, but he didn't understand a word.
(a)reads (b)read (c)red (d)reading
5. He spent the whole day in his room.He was in his room.day.
(a)the hole (b)the all (c)all (d)all of

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