资源简介

益阳市2024届高三4月教学质量检测
英语
(全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What are the speakers doing now
A. Discussing a painting. B. Admiring a view. C. Doing a breath exercise.
2. Where are the speakers most probably
A. In a restaurant. B. On the plane. C. In the classroom.
3. What does the man think of the woman
A. She looks so pretty. B. She is a little lazy. C. She is too nervous.
4. What does the man intend to do
A. Start a new job. B. Build up his vocabulary. C. Finish a practice book.
5. In which country is it OK to show up late
A. Italy. B. Switzerland. C. Germany.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the fiction Another Reality about
A. Kids’ discovery. B. A respectful scientist. C. Space travel.
7. What is the author famous for
A. Humorous language. B. Complex ideas. C. Moving stories.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the matter with the car
A. It is making a noise. B. It is running out of gas. C. Its radio doesn’t work.
9. Why did the man suggest stopping at the gas station
A. To refuel the car. B. To ask for directions. C. To check his car.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. What interests the man most
A. Chinese history. B. Chinese opera. C. Chinese music.
11. Why does the man learn Chinese poetry and novels
A. To develop a new interest.
B. To take part in a competition.
C. To get a better understanding.
12. What impresses the man about Chinese literature
A. Imagination. B. Language. C. Development.
听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。
13. How does the man feel about playing a game
A. Stressed. B. Curious. C. Relaxed.
14. What sport does the woman most like to watch
A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Ice hockey.
15. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Do some sports. B. Watch more matches. C. Make new friends.
16. Why does the man suggest joining a gym
A. It is easier to start. B. It needs more skills. C. It is competitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker most probably
A. A doctor. B. An engineer. C. A guide.
18. What feels pain if one has a headache
A. The muscle. B. The blood. C. The brain.
19. How much of the energy does the brain often need to support a kid’s growth
A. About 3%. B. Less than 30%. C. Nearly 50%.
20. Why can some blind people “see” through their ears
A. Their brain can change eyes into ears.
B. Their brain can rewire itself for sounds.
C. Their brain can help ears to get simple images.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spain is a country that continues to surprise and let us tell you it’s not all sunbathing and shopping! We’re outlining our top 3 reasons to discover Spain along with our holiday suggestions to help you make up your mind.
Stunning scenery
From the dramatic, imposing mountains to the countless glistening beaches that dot its coastlines, Spain is a country full of natural beauty and inspiring landscapes. If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures your attention then our top suggestion is to experience a holiday to Tenerife where you can enjoy the inspiring its volcanic views and panoramic scenery. The largest of the Canary Islands, just south of Spain, Tenerife has a rugged, volcanic landscape as well as over 200 miles of coastline boasting a huge variety of flora and fauna.
Beautiful beaches
Did you know that Spain has over 5,000 miles of coastline and thousands of beaches Wherever you go, you are never far from a beach. From undiscovered, hidden alcoves to popular tourist resorts, there’s a beach for everyone and with over 300 days of sunshine each year you’re guaranteed the weather to enjoy them! This beautiful country also has the most blue flag beaches in the world so now you’ve no excuse! With thousands of beaches to choose from, where will you go
Fabulous food
For many people, one of the highlights of Spain is, of course, the amazing food on offer. The country’s vibrant cities offer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-town cafés and restaurants offer up traditional dishes such as paella, seafood stew, and chorizo, made with love from family recipes.
Spanish cuisine is known for being delicious, healthy, and full of flavour, so there are many unique dishes available that will tempt your taste buds. If we’ve made you hungry, then you should take a holiday to Costa Brava, a Spanish foodie destination that should not be missed!
1. What is the top suggestion for experiencing stunning scenery in Spain
A. The beaches of Costa Brava.
B. The mountains in the northern region.
C. A holiday to Tenerife.
D. The hidden alcoves along the coastline.
2. Which of the following is NOT the specialty in Spain
A. Conventional cuisines and trendy bars.
B. Volcanic views and countless coastlines.
C. Sufficient sunshine and striking beaches.
D. Marine creatures and mouthwatering seafood.
3. What purpose does the author write the passage for
A. To inform. B. To report. C. To review. D. To entertain.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures your attention then our top suggestion is to experience a holiday to Tenerife where you can enjoy the inspiring its volcanic views and panoramic scenery.(如果令人屏息的美景和独特的风景能吸引您的注意，那么我们的顶级推荐是去体验一次特内里费岛的假期，在那里您可以欣赏到令人振奋的火山景观和全景风光。)”可知，在西班牙欣赏壮丽风景的最佳建议是前往特内里费度假，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For many people, one of the highlights of Spain is, of course, the amazing food on offer. The country’s vibrant cities offer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-town cafés and restaurants offer up traditional dishes such as paella, seafood stew, and chorizo, made with love from family recipes.(对许多人来说，西班牙的亮点之一当然是提供的令人惊叹的食物。这个国家充满活力的城市提供米其林星级餐厅和热闹的小吃吧，而小城镇的咖啡馆和餐馆提供传统的菜肴，如海鲜饭，海鲜炖菜和西班牙辣香肠，用家庭食谱的爱制作)”及上文内容可知，文章提到了海鲜，但是没有提到海洋生物是西班牙的特产。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Spain is a country that continues to surprise and let us tell you it’s not all sunbathing and shopping! We’re outlining our top 3 reasons to discover Spain along with our holiday suggestions to help you make up your mind(西班牙是一个不断带来惊喜的国家，让我们告诉你，这里不仅仅是晒太阳和购物！我们将列出发现西班牙的前三个理由，并提供我们的假期建议，帮助你做出决定)”可知本文介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由，可推理出本文的写作目的是要告知读者关于西班牙旅行的信息，故选A。
B
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. “This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR. As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program, she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students. “The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning, and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester, she found her footing, tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
4. What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A. Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B. Limited resources for·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate support from the university.
D. Lack of interest from students.
5. What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A. Encouraging students to use social media.
B Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C. Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D. Promoting weekly teaching program.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in Paragraph 4
A. To review her teaching plans.
B. To show an application of her idea.
C. To highlight the differences of teaching.
D To erase doubts about her approaches.
7. What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshman
A. The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B. The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C. The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D. The need for advanced teaching materials.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Enukhimova通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情，强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑的刺激竞争。)”可知，大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. (她将自己在社交媒体上的成功归功于大学营销团队的课程视频。)”可知，她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break. (很明显，她知道如何让年轻人对一门困难的科学感到兴奋。但事实并非总是如此。她说，大约20年前，当她第一次开始教授大学新生时，她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。在那之前的几年里，她一直习惯于教大三学生。但当谈到在一个由100多名一年级学生组成的大型演讲厅教学时，第一印象是成败攸关的。)”可推知，作者在第四段中提到Erukhimova的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning and then it took me a while to find my voice. (我从一开始就错过了与他们建立联系的机会，后来我花了一段时间才找到自己的声音。)”可推知，Tatiana Erukhimova刚开始教大学新生时，她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。故选A。
C
The oil and gas industry may be emitting about three-times the amount of climate-warming methane than government estimates show, according to a new study from Stanford University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and other organizations in Nature. Methane (甲烷) is the main component of natural gas and among the greenhouse gases heating the planet, which is produced when extracting crude oil.
Specific measurements varied from a low of less than 1%, or about what the Environmental Protection Agency estimates, at a site in Pennsylvania to a high of nearly 10% in New Mexico. Researchers found the higher percentages of methane released generally had something in common. “These are places where production is mostly focusing on oil,” says Evan Sherwin, a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory who conducted the research as a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University. But oil and gas often come out of the ground together, and if there wasn’t a way to transport the less-valuable gas to where it could be sold, leaks were higher.
In Pennsylvania, by contrast, drillers are focused on producing natural gas, and there, very little of the methane was wasted. That complicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in opposition to tighter government regulations on methane. They say drillers have the incentive to capture gas leaks so they can sell the fossil fuel. But that’s not always possible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and other infrastructure to get the gas to consumers. In this study, researchers estimate the industry releases about 6.2 million tons of methane a year, valued at $1.08 billion.
“Emissions of methane from fossil fuel operations remain unacceptably high,” said Tim Gould, chief economist at the International Energy Agency, during a Tuesday call with reporters. The organization’s Global Methane Tracker shows methane from the energy sector was near the record high level in 2023.
Despite that, the IEA concludes that if countries fully implement existing pledges on methane reductions, that would make significant progress toward achieving global climate goals. “2024 could mark a turning point and policies are starting to be put into place. Greater transparency is coming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability to track large leaks and act quickly to shut them down,” Gould said. Gould said he hopes to have good news to share, about a reduction in methane emissions, next year.
8. What can we infer from paragraph 2
A. Various measures are taken to restrict the release of methane.
B. The low value of the gas in part leads to the high leak of the methane.
C. The more focused on the production of the gas, the higher the methane release
D. The percentage of methane in developing countries is higher than in developed countries
9. What does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Equipment. B. Productivity. C. Drive. D. Assessment.
10. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Caution: Methane emission gives rise to serious global warming.
B. Methane emissions: Oil and gas industry’s hidden impact.
C. Measures taken to cut back on methane emissions.
D. Methane is to blame for the climate change.
11. What is Tim Gould’s attitude toward emissions of methane at present
A. Critical. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了甲烷气体的泄露及采取应对措施的迫切性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But oil and gas often come out of the ground together, and if there wasn’t a way to transport the less-valuable gas to where it could be sold, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，天然气的低价值导致甲烷的高泄漏。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“That complicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in opposition to tighter government regulations on methane. They say drillers have the incentive to capture gas leaks so they can sell the fossil fuel. But that’s not always possible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and other infrastructure to get the gas to consumers. (这使许多业内人士提出的论点变得复杂，他们普遍反对政府对甲烷的更严格监管。他们说，钻井商有incentive捕获天然气泄漏，以便出售化石燃料。但如果工业界没有建造管道和其他基础设施将天然气输送给消费者，这并不总是可能的)”可知，如果政府监管不那么严格的话，钻井商可以出售化石燃料来卖钱，所以他们是有动机来捕获天然气泄漏的。所以，incentive的意思应该是“动机”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The oil and gas industry may be emitting about three-times the amount of climate-warming methane than government estimates show, according to a new study from Stanford University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and other organizations in Nature. (根据斯坦福大学、劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室和《自然》杂志其他组织的一项新研究，石油和天然气行业排放的甲烷量可能是政府估计的气候变暖甲烷量的三倍)”和第二段“But oil and gas often come out of the ground together, and if there wasn’t a way to transport the less-valuable gas to where it could be sold, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，文章主要讲述的是石油和天然气的开采带来的甲烷泄露问题，所以“甲烷排放：石油和天然气行业的隐性影响。”适合作为文章标题。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““2024 could mark a turning point and policies are starting to be put into place. Greater transparency is coming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability to track large leaks and act quickly to shut them down,” Gould said. Gould said he hopes to have good news to share, about a reduction in methane emissions, next year. (古尔德说：“2024年可能标志着一个转折点，政策开始实施。更大的透明度即将到来。人们的意识正在传播，我们已经增强了追踪大规模泄漏并迅速采取行动关闭泄漏的能力。”。古尔德说，他希望明年能分享减少甲烷排放的好消息)”可知，Tim Gould对甲烷排放问题是持乐观态度的。故选D。
D
Crossing paths with a wild boar (野猪) can pose fear and joy in equal measure. Despite 700 years of extinction in Britain, the species’ own tenacity and illegal releases from the 1980s have now led to several populations emerging. However, with impacts on both people and the countryside, their right to exist in Britain is heavily debated.
However, the boar’s habitat-regenerating actions that benefit other wildlife, even if they are unloved by many. The few boar in England are threatened again by poaching and culling. Why is more not being done to prevent their re-extinction
Naturalist, writer and science communicator Chantal Lyons addresses all these complex issues and explains what it might take for us to coexist with wild boar in her new book, Groundbreakers: The Return of Britain’s Wild Boar. In this extract, she explains the history of the wild boar in Britain.
Most of the last millennium was not kind to the wild boar of Europe. But they endured when so many other large animals did not, and their star is ascendant once more. Their population status is rated as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which reports that the species now has one of the vastest geographical distributions of all land animals, partly thanks to humans.
And so, with hindsight, the return of wild boar to Britain was inevitable. If not intentional. There’d been mutterings among environmentalists for decades that the species should be reintroduced. The market got a taste for them.
More farms sprung up, buying in animals from the Continent, where they had never been extinct and the farming of them was already long established. By the early 1990s there were 40 registered breeders in the UK.
Despite thousands of years of trying, one of the qualities that has proven most challenging to breed out of the farmed pig is escapology. Life, as a certain fictional mathematician once said, finds a way. Our woodlands had been waiting for nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sounding in their brains, wild boar began to escape from the farms. Or, in some cases, seem to have been variously helped out by storm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up owners and shooters. Each freed individual was a spark. Something new, something hot and bright with potential. Not all those sparks took. But enough did.
12. What were the circumstances that led to the return of wild boars to Britain
A. The role of the farmed pigs in the ecosystem.
B. Introduction al reintroduction efforts by environmentalists.
C. Capitalistic influence and the market demand for boar meat.
D. Strict enforcement of the Dangerous Wild Animals Act of 1976.
13. How did various factors contribute to the release of boars into the woodlands
A. Escapology challenge in farmed pigs and the impact on the market.
B. Animal rights activists’ efforts in facilitating boar release.
C. The influence of the farmed pigs on the behavior of wild boars.
D. Storm damage and its role in releasing boars.
14. How did Chantal Lyons explain the historical context of wild boars in Britain
A. The negative impact of capitalism on wild boar habitats.
B. The role of the farmed pigs in the resurgence of wild boars.
C. The need for stricter enforcement of wildlife protection laws.
D. The inevitability of wild boar reintroduction through human influence.
15. What does the author imply about the freed individuals among the wild boars
A. They were all successful in establishing new habitats.
B. Each of them contributed to the decline of the wild boar population.
C. The sparks symbolize the challenges faced by the wild boars in the woodlands.
D. Some of them adapted to their new environment, causing the resurgence of the boars.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了野猪在英国的现状和历史。虽然在英国已经灭绝了700年，但由于非法释放和栖息地重建行动，野猪种群再次出现，引发了人民和农村的争议。博物学家Chantal Lyons在她的新书中解释了与野猪共存的复杂问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Their population status is rated as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which reports that the species now has one of the vastest geographical distributions of all land animals, partly thanks to humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And so, with hindsight, the return of wild boar to Britain was inevitable. If not intentional. There’d been mutterings among environmentalists for decades that the species should be reintroduced. The market got a taste for them. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。如果不是故意的。几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，资本主义的影响和市场对野猪肉的需求导致野猪返回英国。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Despite thousands of years of trying, one of the qualities that has proven most challenging to breed out of the farmed pig is escapology. Life, as a certain fictional mathematician once said, finds a way. Our woodlands had been waiting for nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sounding in their brains, wild boar began to escape from the farms. Or, in some cases, seem to have been variously helped out by storm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up owners and shooters. (尽管经过数千年的尝试，养殖猪最具挑战性的品质之一是逃脱术。正如某位虚构的数学家曾经说过的那样，生活会找到一条路。我们的林地已经等了将近700年。无论它们脑子里响起什么样的叫声，野猪都开始逃离农场。)”和第五段中“There’d been mutterings among environmentalists for decades that the species should be reintroduced. The market got a taste for them. (几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，养殖猪的逃脱术导致的挑战，及其对市场的影响导致野猪被释放到林地。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their population status is rated as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which reports that the species now has one of the vastest geographical distributions of all land animals, partly thanks to humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And so, with hindsight, the return of wild boar to Britain was inevitable. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。)”可知，由于人类的影响，野猪的重新引入是必然的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each freed individual was a spark. Something new, something hot and bright with potential. Not all those sparks took. But enough did. (每一个自由的个体都是一个火花，一种新的东西，一种有潜力的炽热和光明的东西。并不是所有的火花都擦出来了。但已经够了。)”可知，作者通过把渴望被释放的野猪比作自由的火花，说明这些野猪中的一些被释放出来，适应了新环境，导致了这一种群的复兴。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to manage sleep anxiety
Aside from the main symptom of not being able to fall asleep, or constantly waking up throughout the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptoms to general anxiety disorders. ___16___ Sleep deprivation can have a huge impact on your health and wellbeing, and sleep anxiety can make it difficult, even impossible, to have get a good night’s sleep. Studies have shown that singular stressful events, like taking an exam, have little impact on your cortisol levels and they soon return to normal. ___17___ This suggests that a night of tossing and turning the day before a job interview might be a one off, but facing stress every day — like being stressed about lack of sleep — has a significant impact on your sleep cycle.
The first step is to identify what’s causing your lack of sleep. Is it stress at work, or in your relationship Is it past injury Is it bad dreams making you want to put off sleeping so they don’t keep recurring Try to understand why you find it a struggle to sleep. ___18___
If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stopping you from sleeping, you might think there’s nothing you can do to calm your subconscious — but there are things you can try that can make your dreams more positive. ___19___ Studies have shown that people with a better “peace of mind” have more positive dreams, whereas symptoms of anxiety related to negative dreams. Cognitive behavioural therapy, CBT, teaches you to change the way you think in order to change your behaviour. It could help you understand how sleep anxiety is affecting your body and brain, avoid things that trigger your anxiety and make sleep impossible, and help change the negative way you view sleep.
Sometimes, less is more, and perhaps trying too hard to force yourself to sleep with a 20-step bedtime routine could be adding to the pressure and anxiety you’re feeling, and have the opposite affect that you want. ___20___ If you usually try to sleep in a warm room with a hot water bottle, try lowering the temperature. Sleeping in a colder room prevents cortisol levels rising, and helps your body release melatonin instead, which helps you sleep — this is why it’s often so difficult to sleep during a heatwave.
A. These can be listed as follows.
B. If It’s not working, it’s time to try something new.
C. Take a comfortable sleeping position, ideally on your back.
D. This can help you deal with the anxiety surrounding it and then end the hatred cycle.
E. However, chronic stress and anxiety can make the increase in the hormone last a long time.
F. Try some mindful techniques as part of your bedtime routine as well as throughout the day.
G. These include a continual feeling of unease, increased heart rate, sweating, and tensed muscles.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缓解睡眠焦虑的四种方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Aside from the main symptom of not being able to fall asleep, or constantly waking up throughout the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptoms to general anxiety disorders. (除了无法入睡或整晚不断醒来的主要症状外，睡眠焦虑与一般焦虑症的症状非常相似)”可知，接下来需要介绍这些症状是什么样的。选项G“这些症状包括持续的不安感、心率加快、出汗和肌肉紧张。”和上文意思一致，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“This suggests that a night of tossing and turning the day before a job interview might be a one off, but facing stress every day — like being stressed about lack of sleep — has a significant impact on your sleep cycle. (这表明，在面试前一天晚上辗转反侧可能是一种解脱，但每天面对压力——比如睡眠不足带来的压力——会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响)”可知，这里介绍长期处于高压之下会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响。选项E“然而，长期的压力和焦虑会使荷尔蒙的增加持续很长时间。”引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The first step is to identify what’s causing your lack of sleep. Is it stress at work, or in your relationship Is it past injury Is it bad dreams making you want to put off sleeping so they don’t keep recurring Try to understand why you find it a struggle to sleep. (第一步是找出导致你睡眠不足的原因。这是工作中的压力，还是你们关系中的压力？是过去的伤病吗？是噩梦让你想推迟睡觉，这样它们就不会不断出现吗？试着去理解为什么你觉得难以入睡)”可知，这里建议要弄明白你觉得难以入睡的原因。选项D“这可以帮助你处理围绕它的焦虑，然后结束仇恨循环。”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stopping you from sleeping, you might think there’s nothing you can do to calm your subconscious — but there are things you can try that can make your dreams more positive. (如果噩梦和睡眠瘫痪让你无法入睡，你可能会认为你无法平静你的潜意识——但你可以尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极)”可知，这里建议尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极。选项F“试着把一些有意识的技巧作为你就寝时间的一部分，也可以贯穿一天。”进一步介绍这种方法的益处，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If you usually try to sleep in a warm room with a hot water bottle, try lowering the temperature. Sleeping in a colder room prevents cortisol levels rising, and helps your body release melatonin instead, which helps you sleep — this is why it’s often so difficult to sleep during a heatwave. (如果你通常试着睡在温暖的房间里，拿着热水瓶，试着降低温度)”可知，这里建议如果一个方法不起作用，要尝试新的方法。选项B“如果不起作用，是时候尝试新的东西了。”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a sanitation (环卫) worker, directing foreigners have gone viral online. Her ____21____ English and confident ____22____ in the clips have deeply impressed the viewers, ____23____ curiosity about how an ordinary-looking sanitation worker ____24____ such impressive English skills.
Behind the sensation ____25____ a decade-long journey of persistence. In 2012, Zhang Jianna took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chaoyang district. A special ____26____ while working has motivated Zhang to learn English by herself, a pursuit she continues with determination to this day.
“My goal is quite simple. I just want to help whenever someone is in need, whether asking for directions, inquiring about visa ____27____, or telling them about the embassy area I am responsible for,” said Zhang.
Thus, at the age of 40, Zhang has embarked on a personal ____28____. Without a tutor, she began learning English from her children’s textbooks, starting with basic words and phrases commonly used for giving ____29____.
With no fixed study hours, she utilized every _____30_____ moment. While others rested, she memorized vocabulary and practiced speaking. Upon arriving home after work, she would write down new knowledge points and _____31_____ them until she thoroughly understood them. Over the years, she filled over a dozen notebooks with her notes. Her _____32_____ posed her biggest challenge. “_____33_____ is key to learning English. Learn step by step, learn every day,” Zhang said.
When asked about the greatest _____34_____ of learning English, Zhang emphasizes self-confidence. “Growing up in a rural area without a college education, I sometimes feared being looked down upon. But every time I help a _____35_____ in English, I feel incredibly accomplished.”
21. A. self-taught B. fluent C. acceptable D. broken
22. A. portrayal B. figure C. feature D. accent
23. A. fueling B. arising C. enriched D. fulfilled
24. A. applied B. defeated C. recognized D. acquired
25. A. set B. lies C. finds D. posed
26. A. treat B. experiment C. encounter D. substance
27. A. cards B. procedures C. adaptation D. exchange
28. A. track B. schedule C. journey D. challenge
29. A. directions B. permission C. performance D. interpretation
30. A. dieting B. exercising C. spare D. overwork
31. A. distinguish B. calculate C. consult D. review
32. A. memory B. strategies C. health D. loneliness
33. A. Ambition B. Perseverance C. Recitation D. Encouragement
34. A. struggle B. motivation C. attraction D. reward
35. A. boaster B. homelessness C. passer-by D. sick
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了环卫工人张建娜通过自学英语，成功掌握了流利的口语技能，并在工作中为外国人提供帮助的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，环卫工人张建娜为外国人指路的视频片段在网上走红。视频中她流利的英语和自信的表现给观众们留下了深刻印象，也激发了人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何掌握如此出色的英语技能的好奇心。A. self-taught自修的；B. fluent流畅的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. broken破损的。根据上文“Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a sanitation (环卫) worker, directing foreigners have gone viral online(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”以及下文“English(英语)”可推理出空白处应填表示对张建娜的英语做积极评价的表达，分析选项，B项“fluent流畅的”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. portrayal画像；B. figure数字；C. feature特征；D. accent口音。根据上文“confident(自信的)”以及下文“have deeply impressed the viewers(给观众们留下了深刻印象)”可推理出此处说的是张建娜的自信的特征，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fueling激起；B. arising出现；C. enriched充实；D. fulfilled履行。根据下文“curiosity about how an ordinary-looking sanitation worker… such impressive English skills(人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何……如此出色的英语技能的好奇心)”可推理出，此处说的是张建娜在视频中的流利的英语和自信激发了人们的好奇心，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. applied申请；B. defeated击败；C. recognized认出；D. acquired获得。根据下文“such impressive English skills(如此出色的英语技能)”可推理出空白处应填表示“获得”含义的动词，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这份引人注目的成就背后，是张建娜长达十年的坚持之路。A. set安置；B. lies存在；在于；C. finds发现；D. posed使摆姿势。根据下文“a decade-long journey of persistence(长达十年的坚持之路)”可知下文说的是上文的原因，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作中一次特殊的经历激励了张建娜自学英语，至今她仍坚定地追求着这个梦想。A. treat乐趣；B. experiment实验；C. encounter偶遇；D. substance物质。根据上文“special(特殊的)”以及下文“while working has motivated Zhang to learn English by herself(工作中的……激励了张建娜自学英语)”可推理出此处说的是一次偶然的邂逅激励了张建娜自学英语，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标其实很简单，就是每当有人需要帮助时，无论是问路、咨询签证手续，还是向他们介绍我负责的大使馆区域，我都会尽力帮忙。A. cards卡片；B. procedures手续；C. adaptation适应；D. exchange交换。根据上文“inquiring about visa, or telling them about the embassy area I am responsible for (询问有关护照……，或者告诉他们有关我负责的使馆区域)”可推理出此处说的是询问有关护照手续，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。A. track跑道；B. schedule工作计划；C. journey旅行；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“Without a tutor, she began learning English from her children’s textbooks, starting with basic words and phrases commonly used for(没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从常用的用于……的基本单词和短语开始)”可知此处说的是张建娜在没有老师的情况下，自学英语，可推理出这是对她的挑战，故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从用于指路的常用基本单词和短语开始学起。A. directions方向；B. permission准许；C. performance表演；D. interpretation解释。根据上文“I just want to help whenever someone is in need, whether asking for directions(我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路还是……)”以及“Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a sanitation (环卫) worker, directing foreigners have gone viral online(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”可知张建娜是一名清洁工，清洁工要经常为人们指路，再根据上文“basic words and phrases(基本单词和短语)”可推理出空白处应填表示“方向”含义的名词，故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有固定的学习时间，她利用了一切空闲时间。A. dieting节食；B. exercising锻炼；C. spare空闲的；D. overwork过度工作。根据下文“While others rested, she memorized vocabulary and practiced speaking(当别人休息的时候，她却在背单词和练习口语)”可知此处上下文说的是张建娜利用空闲时间学习英语，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下班后回到家，她会把新学到的知识点写下来，反复复习，直到完全理解。A. distinguish区分；B. calculate计算；C. consult咨询；D. review复习。根据下文“until she thoroughly understood them(直到完全理解)”可推理出此处说的是反复复习，直到完全理解，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的记忆力是她面临的最大挑战。A. memory记忆；B. strategies策略；C. health健康；D. loneliness孤独。根据上文“Over the years, she filled over a dozen notebooks with her notes(多年来，她记了十几本笔记)”以及下文“posed her biggest challenge(是她面临的最大挑战)”可知，她记了十几本笔记是因为记忆不好，可推理出此处说的是她的记忆是她面对的最大挑战，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习英语贵在坚持。A. Ambition雄心；B. Perseverance毅力；C. Recitation朗诵；D. Encouragement鼓励。根据下文“Learn step by step, learn every day(循序渐进，日积月累)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语贵在每天坚持，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及学习英语最大回报时，张建娜强调了自信。A. struggle奋斗；B. motivation动力；C. attraction吸引力；D. reward回报。根据下文“self-confidence(自信)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语的回报，故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每次我用英语帮助路人时，我都感到无比有成就感。A. boaster自夸的人；B. homelessness无家可归；C. passer-by过路人；D. sick病人。根据上文“My goal is quite simple. I just want to help whenever someone is in need, whether asking for directions, inquiring about(我的目标很简单。我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路、咨询，还是告诉他们关于……)”可推理出张建娜为过路人指路，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Loong Year, also known as the Spring Festival or Lunar New Year, is a vibrant and festive celebration ___36___ (mark) the beginning of the lunar calendar. This annual event is deeply ___37___ (root) in Chinese culture, symbolizing renewal, family reunions, and guiding in of good fortune.
The festivities typically span 15 days, ___38___ colorful parades, dragon and lion dances, and dazzling fireworks shining the streets. Families come together for plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ___39___ (respect) to ancestors. The air is filled with the sounds of joyous laughter and traditional music.
One of the ___40___ (much) iconic features of Chinese New Year is the red decorations brightening homes and streets. Red symbolizes good luck and ___41___ (prosper) in Chinese culture. People also participate in the tradition of giving and receiving red envelopes containing lucky money, known as “hongbao,” as ___42___ gesture of good wish and well-being.
As the Year of the Dragon, Loong Year is particularly auspicious, believed to bring strength, vitality, and success. People across the globe join in the festivities, creating a sense of unity and ___43___ (share) celebration.
Chinese Loong Year is a time-honored tradition that ___44___ (exceed) borders emphasizing the importance of family, cultural heritage, ____45____ the hopeful anticipation of a prosperous year ahead.
【答案】36. marking
37. rooted 38. with
39. respects
40. most 41. prosperity
42. a 43. shared
44. exceeds
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国龙年的历史文化内涵。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国龙年，也被称为春节或农历新年，是一个充满活力和节日的庆祝活动，标志着农历的开始。分析句子结构可知mark与逻辑主语Chinese Loong Year构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
【37题详解】
考查语态。句意：这个一年一度的节日深深植根于中国文化，象征着新生、家庭团聚和好运的到来。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文is可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填rooted。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：庆祝活动通常持续15天，有五彩缤纷的游行，舞龙舞狮，以及耀眼的烟花照亮街道。后跟名词作宾语，作伴随状语，应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：家人聚在一起享用丰盛的盛宴，交换礼物，并向祖先致敬。短语pay respects to表示“向……致敬”。故填respects。
【40题详解】
考查最高级。句意：中国新年最具标志性的特征之一就是家家户户和街道上的红色装饰。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知为最高级，应用most。故填most。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，红色象征着好运和繁荣。作动词的宾语，应用名词prosperity，不可数。故填prosperity。
42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们也有发红包和收红包的传统，里面装着压岁钱，被称为“红包”，象征着美好的愿望和幸福。此处gesture为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：世界各地的人们都参加了庆祝活动，创造了一种团结和共同庆祝的感觉。修饰名词celebration应用形容词shared。故填shared。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词tradition保持一致，用三单形式。故填exceeds。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校计划定于6月 10 日在体育馆举办高三毕业典礼，请写封邮件邀请你校外教 David 参加，内容包括：
1.典礼时间与地点；
2.典礼内容；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
How is everything going With great excitement and delight, I am writing to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony, which is scheduled to be held at 9:00 am on June 10, 2024 in the school gym.
There are many significant activities, which will never fail to impress you. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech to express his sincere congratulations on our graduation. After that, to recall our unforgettable experiences in high school, some elaborate shows will be performed. Besides, don’t miss the golden moment when we will gather together to take photos.
We would be particularly honored by your distinguished presence at the ceremony and we are looking forward to your coming. Please reply to me at your convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校外教 David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校于6月10日在体育馆举办的高三毕业典礼。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜悦：delight →joy
表达：express →convey
此外：besides → what’s more
特别：particularly →in particular
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony, which is scheduled to be held at 9:00 am on June 10, 2024 in the school gym.
拓展句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony, scheduled to be held at 9:00 am on June 10, 2024 in the school gym.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are many significant activities, which will never fail to impress you.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】After that, to recall our unforgettable experiences in high school, some elaborate shows will be performed.（运用了不定式短语作目的状语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gonsalves could barely contain his excitement as he sped downhill. It was the first day of his holiday in the Romanian ski resort of Poiana Brasov and he was 6,000 feet up one of its highest mountains, breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snow conditions were perfect. An experienced skier, he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease, knees gently bent to meet the uneven surface of the snow.
Rudi, a part-time youth worker from Epsom Downs, Surrey, regularly booked a winter holiday with his wife Sue. But Sue was scared of heights and could not overcome her sense of foreboding as the skiing season approached.
So this time Rudi, a keen sportsman and fit for his 57 years, had come alone.
As he snaked his way down the mountain on that March afternoon last year, snowflakes began to fall—lightly at first, then more heavily until the clouds blotted out the sun entirely, transforming everything into a ghostly whiteness.
He could just make out other skiers descending the slopes as fast as they could. I’d better stay close to them for safety, he decided. This could be tricky.
Straining to see ahead, Rudi was only vaguely aware of a looming outline lumbering up the mountain.
“Did anyone see me fall Where am I ”
He looked around him, trying to get his bearings, but in every direction there was only the same vast whiteness.
Then he took out his gold watch, a treasured present from his wife. It not only told him the time, 1.54pm, it also seemed to give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt to scale the mountain and decided to head downhill instead. He knew it would mean moving away from the best route back to his hotel, but there seemed to be no alternative.
Despair began to dog Rudi as he faced up to the reality of spending a night in the open. It was 5.30 pm and the temperature was dropping fast. He began to shiver, his teeth chattering uncontrollably. He felt very alone.
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After three hours he was very tired, colder than he had ever felt.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
After three hours he was very tired, colder than he had ever felt. Hunger and thirst wore away his stomach. Using a ski as a spade, he spent half an hour scraping away the snow beneath the branch until he reached the drier soil below. To protect himself further, he used the dislodged snow to build walls for his new home. Then he stabbed around with his ski pole, collecting fallen branches for a fire and burning his two spare hats and all his Romanian paper money to kindle the flames. He didn’t dare fall asleep for fear that he might never wake up. For six hours he sat listening, hoping to hear someone calling him or to see some lights, until, dizzy and exhausted, he collapsed on to a well-used country lane.
He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him. A weather-beaten driver loaded him into the cart and took him to his farmhouse. There Rudi, drifting in and out of consciousness, felt himself being lifted out by farm workers. But even when someone cut away his ski boots and socks, he could not feel his hands or feet. The Romanians could see that his toes and fingers were black from frost-bite. His rescuers revived him with three bowls of milk. “You saved my life,” he managed to say, his speech slow and painful. The farmer, who understood more English than he could speak, nodded and grinned, before driving him to his hotel, which was about 45 miles away. Rudi knew it was more than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive through the dilemma.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rudi Gonsalves在滑雪的时候迷了路，不得不在户外过夜。下午5点半，气温下降得很快。他开始发抖，牙齿控制不住地打颤。他感到非常孤独。正当他感到绝望的时候，一个饱经风霜的车夫发现了他，救了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“三个小时后，他感到非常疲倦，感到前所未有的寒冷”可知，第一段可描写Rudi在户外求生的过程以及Rudi的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“他几乎没有意识到两匹马拉着一辆马车沿着小路向他走来”可知，第二段可描写Rudi被农夫搭救，最终回到了酒店。
2.续写线索：感到寒冷——采取措施保护自己——生火保暖——车夫发现Rudi——Rudi被救——Rudi感谢——Rudi感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建造：build/construct
②保护：protect/guard
③醒来：wake up /awake
情绪类
①疲惫：exhausted/tired
②失去意识：out of consciousness / unconscious
点睛】[高分句型1] But even when someone cut away his ski boots and socks, he could not feel his hands or feet. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Rudi knew it was more than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive through the dilemma. (运用了省略that的宾语从句和强调句)
听力答案：1—5 BACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 CBCBA 16—20 ACACB益阳市2024届高三4月教学质量检测
英语
(全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What are the speakers doing now
A. Discussing a painting. B. Admiring a view. C. Doing a breath exercise.
2. Where are the speakers most probably
A. In a restaurant. B. On the plane. C. In the classroom.
3. What does the man think of the woman
A. She looks so pretty. B. She is a little lazy. C. She is too nervous.
4. What does the man intend to do
A. Start a new job. B. Build up his vocabulary. C. Finish a practice book.
5. In which country is it OK to show up late
A. Italy. B. Switzerland. C. Germany.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What is the fiction Another Reality about
A. Kids’ discovery. B. A respectful scientist. C. Space travel.
7. What is the author famous for
A. Humorous language. B. Complex ideas. C. Moving stories.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the matter with the car
A. It is making a noise. B. It is running out of gas. C. Its radio doesn’t work.
9. Why did the man suggest stopping at the gas station
A. To refuel the car. B. To ask for directions. C. To check his car.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. What interests the man most
A Chinese history. B. Chinese opera. C. Chinese music.
11. Why does the man learn Chinese poetry and novels
A. To develop a new interest.
B. To take part in a competition.
C. To get a better understanding.
12. What impresses the man about Chinese literature
A. Imagination. B. Language. C. Development.
听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。
13. How does the man feel about playing a game
A. Stressed. B. Curious. C. Relaxed.
14 What sport does the woman most like to watch
A Football. B. Basketball. C. Ice hockey.
15. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Do some sports. B. Watch more matches. C. Make new friends.
16. Why does the man suggest joining a gym
A. It is easier to start. B. It needs more skills. C. It is competitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker most probably
A. A doctor. B. An engineer. C. A guide.
18. What feels pain if one has a headache
A. The muscle. B. The blood. C. The brain.
19. How much of the energy does the brain often need to support a kid’s growth
A. About 3%. B. Less than 30%. C. Nearly 50%.
20. Why can some blind people “see” through their ears
A. Their brain can change eyes into ears.
B. Their brain can rewire itself for sounds.
C. Their brain can help ears to get simple images.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spain is a country that continues to surprise and let us tell you it’s not all sunbathing and shopping! We’re outlining our top 3 reasons to discover Spain along with our holiday suggestions to help you make up your mind.
Stunning scenery
From the dramatic, imposing mountains to the countless glistening beaches that dot its coastlines, Spain is a country full of natural beauty and inspiring landscapes. If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures your attention then our top suggestion is to experience a holiday to Tenerife where you can enjoy the inspiring its volcanic views and panoramic scenery. The largest of the Canary Islands, just south of Spain, Tenerife has a rugged, volcanic landscape as well as over 200 miles of coastline boasting a huge variety of flora and fauna.
Beautiful beaches
Did you know that Spain has over 5,000 miles of coastline and thousands of beaches Wherever you go, you are never far from a beach. From undiscovered, hidden alcoves to popular tourist resorts, there’s a beach for everyone and with over 300 days of sunshine each year you’re guaranteed the weather to enjoy them! This beautiful country also has the most blue flag beaches in the world so now you’ve no excuse! With thousands of beaches to choose from, where will you go
Fabulous food
For many people, one of the highlights of Spain is, of course, the amazing food on offer. The country’s vibrant cities offer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-town cafés and restaurants offer up traditional dishes such as paella, seafood stew, and chorizo, made with love from family recipes.
Spanish cuisine is known for being delicious, healthy, and full of flavour, so there are many unique dishes available that will tempt your taste buds. If we’ve made you hungry, then you should take a holiday to Costa Brava, a Spanish foodie destination that should not be missed!
1. What is the top suggestion for experiencing stunning scenery in Spain
A. The beaches of Costa Brava.
B. The mountains in the northern region.
C. A holiday to Tenerife.
D. The hidden alcoves along the coastline.
2. Which of the following is NOT the specialty in Spain
A. Conventional cuisines and trendy bars.
B. Volcanic views and countless coastlines.
C. Sufficient sunshine and striking beaches.
D. Marine creatures and mouthwatering seafood.
3. What purpose does the author write the passage for
A. To inform. B. To report. C. To review. D. To entertain.
B
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. “This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR. As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program, she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students. “The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning, and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester, she found her footing, tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
4. What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A. Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B. Limited resources for·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate support from the university.
D. Lack of interest from students.
5. What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A. Encouraging students to use social media.
B. Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C. Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D. Promoting weekly teaching program.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in Paragraph 4
A. To review her teaching plans.
B. To show an application of her idea.
C. To highlight the differences of teaching.
D. To erase doubts about her approaches.
7. What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshman
A. The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B. The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C. The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D. The need for advanced teaching materials.
C
The oil and gas industry may be emitting about three-times the amount of climate-warming methane than government estimates show, according to a new study from Stanford University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and other organizations in Nature. Methane (甲烷) is the main component of natural gas and among the greenhouse gases heating the planet, which is produced when extracting crude oil.
Specific measurements varied from a low of less than 1%, or about what the Environmental Protection Agency estimates, at a site in Pennsylvania to a high of nearly 10% in New Mexico. Researchers found the higher percentages of methane released generally had something in common. “These are places where production is mostly focusing on oil,” says Evan Sherwin, a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory who conducted the research as a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University. But oil and gas often come out of the ground together, and if there wasn’t a way to transport the less-valuable gas to where it could be sold, leaks were higher.
In Pennsylvania, by contrast, drillers are focused on producing natural gas, and there, very little of the methane was wasted. That complicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in opposition to tighter government regulations on methane. They say drillers have the incentive to capture gas leaks so they can sell the fossil fuel. But that’s not always possible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and other infrastructure to get the gas to consumers. In this study, researchers estimate the industry releases about 6.2 million tons of methane a year, valued at $1.08 billion.
“Emissions of methane from fossil fuel operations remain unacceptably high,” said Tim Gould, chief economist at the International Energy Agency, during a Tuesday call with reporters. The organization’s Global Methane Tracker shows methane from the energy sector was near the record high level in 2023.
Despite that, the IEA concludes that if countries fully implement existing pledges on methane reductions, that would make significant progress toward achieving global climate goals. “2024 could mark a turning point and policies are starting to be put into place. Greater transparency is coming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability to track large leaks and act quickly to shut them down,” Gould said. Gould said he hopes to have good news to share, about a reduction in methane emissions, next year.
8 What can we infer from paragraph 2
A. Various measures are taken to restrict the release of methane.
B. The low value of the gas in part leads to the high leak of the methane.
C. The more focused on the production of the gas, the higher the methane release
D. The percentage of methane in developing countries is higher than in developed countries
9. What does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Equipment. B. Productivity. C. Drive. D. Assessment.
10. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Caution: Methane emission gives rise to serious global warming.
B. Methane emissions: Oil and gas industry’s hidden impact.
C. Measures taken to cut back on methane emissions.
D. Methane is to blame for the climate change.
11. What is Tim Gould’s attitude toward emissions of methane at present
A. Critical. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
D
Crossing paths with a wild boar (野猪) can pose fear and joy in equal measure. Despite 700 years of extinction in Britain, the species’ own tenacity and illegal releases from the 1980s have now led to several populations emerging. However, with impacts on both people and the countryside, their right to exist in Britain is heavily debated.
However, the boar’s habitat-regenerating actions that benefit other wildlife, even if they are unloved by many. The few boar in England are threatened again by poaching and culling. Why is more not being done to prevent their re-extinction
Naturalist, writer and science communicator Chantal Lyons addresses all these complex issues and explains what it might take for us to coexist with wild boar in her new book, Groundbreakers: The Return of Britain’s Wild Boar. In this extract, she explains the history of the wild boar in Britain.
Most of the last millennium was not kind to the wild boar of Europe. But they endured when so many other large animals did not, and their star is ascendant once more. Their population status is rated as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which reports that the species now has one of the vastest geographical distributions of all land animals, partly thanks to humans.
And so, with hindsight, the return of wild boar to Britain was inevitable. If not intentional. There’d been mutterings among environmentalists for decades that the species should be reintroduced. The market got a taste for them.
More farms sprung up, buying in animals from the Continent, where they had never been extinct and the farming of them was already long established. By the early 1990s there were 40 registered breeders in the UK.
Despite thousands of years of trying, one of the qualities that has proven most challenging to breed out of the farmed pig is escapology. Life, as a certain fictional mathematician once said, finds a way. Our woodlands had been waiting for nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sounding in their brains, wild boar began to escape from the farms. Or, in some cases, seem to have been variously helped out by storm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up owners and shooters. Each freed individual was a spark. Something new, something hot and bright with potential. Not all those sparks took. But enough did.
12. What were the circumstances that led to the return of wild boars to Britain
A. The role of the farmed pigs in the ecosystem.
B. Introduction al reintroduction efforts by environmentalists.
C. Capitalistic influence and the market demand for boar meat.
D. Strict enforcement of the Dangerous Wild Animals Act of 1976.
13. How did various factors contribute to the release of boars into the woodlands
A. Escapology challenge in farmed pigs and the impact on the market.
B. Animal rights activists’ efforts in facilitating boar release.
C. The influence of the farmed pigs on the behavior of wild boars.
D. Storm damage and its role in releasing boars.
14. How did Chantal Lyons explain the historical context of wild boars in Britain
A. The negative impact of capitalism on wild boar habitats.
B. The role of the farmed pigs in the resurgence of wild boars.
C. The need for stricter enforcement of wildlife protection laws.
D. The inevitability of wild boar reintroduction through human influence.
15. What does the author imply about the freed individuals among the wild boars
A. They were all successful in establishing new habitats.
B. Each of them contributed to the decline of the wild boar population.
C. The sparks symbolize the challenges faced by the wild boars in the woodlands.
D. Some of them adapted to their new environment, causing the resurgence of the boars.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to manage sleep anxiety
Aside from the main symptom of not being able to fall asleep, or constantly waking up throughout the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptoms to general anxiety disorders. ___16___ Sleep deprivation can have a huge impact on your health and wellbeing, and sleep anxiety can make it difficult, even impossible, to have get a good night’s sleep. Studies have shown that singular stressful events, like taking an exam, have little impact on your cortisol levels and they soon return to normal. ___17___ This suggests that a night of tossing and turning the day before a job interview might be a one off, but facing stress every day — like being stressed about lack of sleep — has a significant impact on your sleep cycle.
The first step is to identify what’s causing your lack of sleep. Is it stress at work, or in your relationship Is it past injury Is it bad dreams making you want to put off sleeping so they don’t keep recurring Try to understand why you find it a struggle to sleep. ___18___
If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stopping you from sleeping, you might think there’s nothing you can do to calm your subconscious — but there are things you can try that can make your dreams more positive. ___19___ Studies have shown that people with a better “peace of mind” have more positive dreams, whereas symptoms of anxiety related to negative dreams. Cognitive behavioural therapy, CBT, teaches you to change the way you think in order to change your behaviour. It could help you understand how sleep anxiety is affecting your body and brain, avoid things that trigger your anxiety and make sleep impossible, and help change the negative way you view sleep.
Sometimes, less is more, and perhaps trying too hard to force yourself to sleep with a 20-step bedtime routine could be adding to the pressure and anxiety you’re feeling, and have the opposite affect that you want. ___20___ If you usually try to sleep in a warm room with a hot water bottle, try lowering the temperature. Sleeping in a colder room prevents cortisol levels rising, and helps your body release melatonin instead, which helps you sleep — this is why it’s often so difficult to sleep during a heatwave.
A. These can be listed as follows.
B. If It’s not working, it’s time to try something new.
C. Take a comfortable sleeping position, ideally on your back.
D. This can help you deal with the anxiety surrounding it and then end the hatred cycle.
E. However, chronic stress and anxiety can make the increase in the hormone last a long time.
F. Try some mindful techniques as part of your bedtime routine as well as throughout the day.
G. These include a continual feeling of unease, increased heart rate, sweating, and tensed muscles.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a sanitation (环卫) worker, directing foreigners have gone viral online. Her ____21____ English and confident ____22____ in the clips have deeply impressed the viewers, ____23____ curiosity about how an ordinary-looking sanitation worker ____24____ such impressive English skills.
Behind the sensation ____25____ a decade-long journey of persistence. In 2012, Zhang Jianna took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chaoyang district. A special ____26____ while working has motivated Zhang to learn English by herself, a pursuit she continues with determination to this day.
“My goal is quite simple. I just want to help whenever someone is in need, whether asking for directions, inquiring about visa ____27____, or telling them about the embassy area I am responsible for,” said Zhang.
Thus, at the age of 40, Zhang has embarked on a personal ____28____. Without a tutor, she began learning English from her children’s textbooks, starting with basic words and phrases commonly used for giving ____29____.
With no fixed study hours, she utilized every _____30_____ moment. While others rested, she memorized vocabulary and practiced speaking. Upon arriving home after work, she would write down new knowledge points and _____31_____ them until she thoroughly understood them. Over the years, she filled over a dozen notebooks with her notes. Her _____32_____ posed her biggest challenge. “_____33_____ is key to learning English. Learn step by step, learn every day,” Zhang said.
When asked about the greatest _____34_____ of learning English, Zhang emphasizes self-confidence. “Growing up in a rural area without a college education, I sometimes feared being looked down upon. But every time I help a _____35_____ in English, I feel incredibly accomplished.”
21. A. self-taught B. fluent C. acceptable D. broken
22. A. portrayal B. figure C. feature D. accent
23. A. fueling B. arising C. enriched D. fulfilled
24. A. applied B. defeated C. recognized D. acquired
25. A. set B. lies C. finds D. posed
26. A. treat B. experiment C. encounter D. substance
27. A. cards B. procedures C. adaptation D. exchange
28. A. track B. schedule C. journey D. challenge
29. A. directions B. permission C. performance D. interpretation
30. A. dieting B. exercising C. spare D. overwork
31. A. distinguish B. calculate C. consult D. review
32. A. memory B. strategies C. health D. loneliness
33. A. Ambition B. Perseverance C. Recitation D. Encouragement
34. A. struggle B. motivation C. attraction D. reward
35. A. boaster B. homelessness C. passer-by D. sick
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Loong Year, also known as the Spring Festival or Lunar New Year, is a vibrant and festive celebration ___36___ (mark) the beginning of the lunar calendar. This annual event is deeply ___37___ (root) in Chinese culture, symbolizing renewal, family reunions, and guiding in of good fortune.
The festivities typically span 15 days, ___38___ colorful parades, dragon and lion dances, and dazzling fireworks shining the streets. Families come together for plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ___39___ (respect) to ancestors. The air is filled with the sounds of joyous laughter and traditional music.
One of the ___40___ (much) iconic features of Chinese New Year is the red decorations brightening homes and streets. Red symbolizes good luck and ___41___ (prosper) in Chinese culture. People also participate in the tradition of giving and receiving red envelopes containing lucky money, known as “hongbao,” as ___42___ gesture of good wish and well-being.
As the Year of the Dragon, Loong Year is particularly auspicious, believed to bring strength, vitality, and success. People across the globe join in the festivities, creating a sense of unity and ___43___ (share) celebration.
Chinese Loong Year is a time-honored tradition that ___44___ (exceed) borders emphasizing the importance of family, cultural heritage, ____45____ the hopeful anticipation of a prosperous year ahead.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校计划定于6月 10 日在体育馆举办高三毕业典礼，请写封邮件邀请你校外教 David 参加，内容包括：
1.典礼时间与地点；
2.典礼内容；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gonsalves could barely contain his excitement as he sped downhill. It was the first day of his holiday in the Romanian ski resort of Poiana Brasov and he was 6,000 feet up one of its highest mountains, breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snow conditions were perfect. An experienced skier, he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease, knees gently bent to meet the uneven surface of the snow.
Rudi, a part-time youth worker from Epsom Downs, Surrey, regularly booked a winter holiday with his wife Sue. But Sue was scared of heights and could not overcome her sense of foreboding as the skiing season approached.
So this time Rudi, a keen sportsman and fit for his 57 years, had come alone.
As he snaked his way down the mountain on that March afternoon last year, snowflakes began to fall—lightly at first, then more heavily until the clouds blotted out the sun entirely, transforming everything into a ghostly whiteness.
He could just make out other skiers descending the slopes as fast as they could. I’d better stay close to them for safety, he decided. This could be tricky.
Straining to see ahead, Rudi was only vaguely aware of a looming outline lumbering up the mountain.
“Did anyone see me fall Where am I ”
He looked around him, trying to get his bearings, but in every direction there was only the same vast whiteness.
Then he took out his gold watch, a treasured present from his wife. It not only told him the time, 1.54pm, it also seemed to give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt to scale the mountain and decided to head downhill instead. He knew it would mean moving away from the best route back to his hotel, but there seemed to be no alternative.
Despair began to dog Rudi as he faced up to the reality of spending a night in the open. It was 5.30 pm and the temperature was dropping fast. He began to shiver, his teeth chattering uncontrollably. He felt very alone.
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After three hours he was very tired, colder than he had ever felt.
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He was barely aware of two horses drawing a wagon along the lane towards him.
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听力答案：1—5 BACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 CBCBA 16—20 ACACB

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