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2024年江苏中考英语总复习——宾语从句
一、知识点复习
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：
He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
1. 宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。
2. 宾语从句的语序;
A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：
I want to know if he can come tomorrow
B.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：
She asked me who had helped him.
3. 宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现”
A.主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种，如：
He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)
B.主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。
如：
He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
如：
He says the moon goes around the earth.
二、趁热打铁
综合练习
一、单项选择
1．I believe _____________ the Spring Festival will be fun.
A．that B．how C．whether D．if
2．Do you know ________ Hangzhou or not tomorrow
A．whether are they leaving for B．whether they are leaving for
C．if they are leaving for D．if are they leaving for
3．—I wonder ________ Michael will play basketball with us.
—Perhaps not. He always goes to the library after school.
A．when B．whether C．where D．why
4．I don’t know ________ book this is.
A．who B．whom C．who’s D．whose
5．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________
—OK. Walk along the street and you will find it on your right.
A．why you go to the bookstore B．who is the owner of this bookstore
C．how can I get to the bookstore D．where the nearest bookstore is
6．—Do you know _________ the “city walk” around China these days
—Yes, I do. To get a deeper understanding of their living places.
A．why many people liked B．why many people like
C．why do many people like D．why did many people like
7．I wondered if Jerry ________ his parents about his anxiety and worries of school life.
A．tells B．is telling C．has told D．would tell
8．Our teacher told us yesterday that ________.
A．the Earth went around the Sun B．the Earth was going around the Sun
C．the Earth is going around the Sun D．the Earth goes around the Sun
9．The teacher asked the little girl ________.
A．where she went B．where did she go
C．where she will go D．how did she go
10．I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________
A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I
11．Could you tell me where ________ the bank
A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find
12．—You must have had a great time in China in the past National Day.
—Of course we e and have a look! These photos will show you ________.
A．what did we do there B．why we go there for a trip
C．what the trip was like D．whether we have fun there or not
13．It’s not your talents but your efforts that decide ________ you are, guys.
A．how B．who C．which D．when
14．They have promised to do ________ everything back to normal.
A．all they can bring B．all which they can to bring
C．whatever they can to bring D．no matter what they can bring
15．Mr. Martin ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday.
A．whom; which B．who; what C．that; who D．which; where
二、单词拼写
16．He told me that he never (see) such a good film before.
17．Jenny promised that she (share) something interesting with me as soon as she finished reading the book Alice in Wonderland.
18．The teacher told us that light (travel) much faster than sound.
19．He told me his brother (fly) to Beijing the next day.
20．He didn’t tell me where he (stay)those days.
21．Our headmaster said we (make) our school one of the most famous ones in the next few years.
22．She said she (be) sorry for being late for class.
23．He told us that the sunlight (break) into different colours
24．My grandfather told us that the early bird (catch) the worm.
25．It is said that this kind of sweater (wash) well by hand in water.
26．They told me that they （visit）the Great Wall next month.
27．Have you considered how (get) to the right place
28．At that time I was not sure whether he (pick) me up on time the next day.
29．She wondered whether he (accept) the plan or refuse it.
30．I don’t know (who) he has in mind for the job.
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：我相信春节会很有趣。
考查宾语从句的引导词。that引导宾语从句时无意义；how怎样；whether/if是否。分析题干可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，从句不缺成分，且引导词无意义，只起连接作用，故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：你知道他们明天是否动身去杭州吗？
考查宾语从句。根据“or not”可知，此处应用whether“是否”引导宾语从句，排除C和D选项；宾语从句应用陈述语序，排除A选项，故选B。
3．B
【详解】句意：——我想知道迈克尔是否会和我们一起打篮球。——或许不会。他放学后总是去图书馆。
考查宾语从句引导词。when什么时候；whether是否；where在哪里；why为什么。根据“Perhaps not.”可知，此处询问是否会一起去打篮球。故选B。
4．D
【详解】句意：我不知道这是谁的书。
考查宾语从句的引导词。who谁，作主语/宾语；whom谁，作宾语；who’s谁是；whose谁的，作定语。空处在句中作定语修饰名词book，故选D。
5．D
【详解】句意：——打扰一下。你能告诉我最近的书店在哪里吗？——好的。沿着这条街走，你会发现它在你的右边。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me”可知，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C选项；根据“Walk along the street and you will find it on your right.”可知，此处是问地点，用where引导宾语从句。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——你知道为什么现在很多人喜欢中国的“城市漫步”吗？——是的，我知道。为了更深入地了解他们的居住地。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD；根据“these days”可知此处描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，排除A。故选B。
7．D
【详解】句意：我想知道杰瑞是否会告诉他的父母他对学校生活的焦虑和担忧。
考查动词时态。主句时态是过去时态，从句应是过去的时态，排除ABC，故选D。
8．D
【详解】句意：昨天我们老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
考查宾语从句。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，当宾语从句是客观真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。故选D。
9．A
【详解】句意：老师问小女孩她去哪儿了。
考查宾语从句。在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，从句要用过去范围内的某种时态，因此可以排除选项C，另外，宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除B和D。故选A。
10．C
【详解】句意：我认为他从没去过猴岛，对吧？
考查反意疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”。陈述句是宾语从句，且是“否定前移”的结构，所以从句是否定句。反意疑问句和宾语从句保持一致，反问部分用肯定，排除AB选项；从句是现在完成时，所以应用助动词has，故选C。
11．A
【详解】句意：你能告诉我在哪里可以找到银行吗？
考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，此处考查宾语从句。从句应用陈述句语序，所以此处应是“where I can find”，或者可以简化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即“where to find”。故选A。
12．C
【详解】句意：——在刚刚过去的国庆节，你们一定在中国玩得很开心。——当然了。快来看看！这些照片将向你展示这次旅行是什么样的。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处是宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除选项A；又根据“These photos will show you”可知，此处指照片展示旅行是什么样的，故选C。
13．B
【详解】句意：伙计们，不是你们的天赋而是你们的努力决定了你们是谁。
考查宾语从句。how怎么；who谁；which哪一个；when什么时候。根据“It’s not your talents but your efforts”可知应是努力决定了你们是谁，who引导了一个宾语从句，故选B。
14．C
【详解】句意：他们已承诺尽一切努力使一切恢复正常。
考查宾语从句和不定式。由句中“everything back to normal”知，此句是说他们承诺做他们能做的一切事情让一切恢复正常，应用whatever引导的从句作宾语，且用动词不定式作目的状语，B项中“all”后应跟that引导定语从句，故排除，故选C。
15．B
【详解】句意：吸烟的马丁先生正在寻找昨天丢失的东西。
考查定语从句和宾语从句的引导词。第一个空考查定语从句的引导词，先行词Mr. Martin指人，应用关系代词who在定语从句中做主语；第二个空考查宾语从句，设空处的引导词在宾语从句中作动词lost的宾语，应用what来指代马丁先生丢失的东西。故选B。
16． had seen
【详解】句意：他告诉我他之前从没有看过如此好的电影。通过分析句子可知，句中“that”后引导宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，则从句时态为过去的某种时态，且从句中含时间状语“before”，故从句需用过去完成时。故填had；seen。
17．would share
【详解】句意：珍妮答应我，她一读完《爱丽丝梦游仙境》就会和我分享一些有趣的事情。此处是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也要用过去的时态，答应的事还没做，所以用过去将来时，故填would share。
18．travels
【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。根据“light ... much faster than sound.”可知，此处是描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是light，动词用三单。故填travels。
19．would fly
【详解】句意：他告诉我他哥哥第二天将飞往北京。分析句子可知，本句是宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句也用过去的某个时态，结合“the next day”可知，从句应用过去将来时would do。故填would fly。
20．was staying
【详解】句意：他没告诉我那些天他一直待在哪里。根据“didn’t”以及“those days”可知，此处应用过去进行时，所以用was staying，表示“那些天一直待在哪”。故填was staying。
21．would make
【详解】句意：我们的校长说，我们将使我们的学校成为最著名的学校之一在未来几年。此句是宾语从句，主句中“said”是一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”原则，从句也用过去某个时态，结合“in the next few years”可知，从句应用过去将来时，故填would make。
22．was
【详解】句意：她说她因为上课迟到而感到抱歉。分析句子可知，该句为宾语从句；根据主句“She said ”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，故从句也要用相应的过去时态。从句主语“she”为第三人称单数，故be动词用was；be sorry for表示“为……感到抱歉”。故填was。
23．breaks
【详解】句意：他告诉我们阳光可分成不同的颜色。根据句意和所给词汇可知，本句是宾语从句，时态遵循“客观真理仍用现”的原则，即宾语从句表示客观真理或普遍真理，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时，主语是“the sunlight”，谓语动词break“打破”应用第三人称单数形式，即breaks。故填breaks。
24．catches
【详解】句意：我的爷爷告诉我们早起的鸟儿有虫吃。宾语从句是谚语，所以依然用一般现在时，主语the early bird是第三人称单数，所以应填catch的第三人称单数形式。故填catches。
25．washes
【详解】句意：据说这种毛衣在水中很好洗。根据“It is said that this kind of sweater…(wash) well by hand in water.”可知，本句是宾语从句，从句“毛衣在水中很好洗”，它表示的客观事实，需用一般现在时。“wash”洗，是动词，主语“this kind of sweater”是单数，动词需用单数形式。故填washes。
26．would visit
【详解】句意：他们告诉我他们下个月要去参观长城。根据“next month”可知，从句应用将来时，结合“told”以及“主过从必过”可知，从句用过去将来时would do的结构，故填would visit。
27．to get
【详解】句意：你有考虑过怎样去到正确的地方吗？该句中，considered后接的是how引导的宾语从句，主从句主语都是you，从句可简化为疑问词+不定式的形式。故填to get。
28．would pick
【详解】句意：那时我不确定他第二天是否会准时来接我。pick sb up“（开车）接某人”，句子含whether引导的宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也用过去的时态，结合“the next day”可知，从句用过去将来时would do。故填would pick。
29．would accept
【详解】句意：她想知道他是会接受这个计划还是拒绝它。accept“接受”，是动词，根据主句谓语wondered可知，此处表示想知道将要发生的事，因此用过去将来时，故填would accept。
30．who/whom
【详解】句意：我不知道对于这份工作他脑海中想的是谁。I don’t know后面加的是宾语从句，这里是补充连接词，表示的是“不知道是谁”，可以用who，又因为这里的who“谁”做从句中has的宾语，所以也可以用whom，故填who/whom。

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