资源简介

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
（第二次模拟考试）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 考生答卷前，务必将自己的姓名、座位号写在答题卡上。将条形码粘贴在规定区域。本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 做选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的规定区域内，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
※ Brown Girl Dreaming
By Jacqueline Woodson
As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book, in her book, Brown Girl Dreaming, the author uses poetry to tell her true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s and 1970s. Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family, her growing awareness of race and the civil rights movement, and her life in South Carolina and New York City.
※ When You Were Everything
By Ashley Woodfolk
Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes. Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school.
※ The Hound of the Baskervilles
By Arthur Conan Doyle
The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor, England. A man is dead, with many dog paw prints leading to his body. Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to find several unexplainable events and clues. Together, they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fiction ever since.
※ The Hobbit
By J. R. R. Tolkien
This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world. With dwarves (小矮人), hobbits, sword fights, wizards and dragons, the book’s plot and humor have stood the test of time.
1. How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books
A. It focuses on city life. B. It uses clear language.
C. It has won many awards. D. It tells humorous stories.
2. What is When You Were Everything mainly about
A. Friendship and growth. B. Lost love and gained hope.
C. Learning to be more independent. D. Dealing with pressure from schoolwork.
3. Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures
A. The Hobbit B. Brown Girl Dreaming
C. When You Were Everything D. The Hound of the Baskervilles
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Brown Girl Dreaming部分“As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book (作为国家图书奖、科瑞塔·斯科特·金奖和纽伯里荣誉书的得主)”可知，Brown Girl Dreaming赢了很多的奖项。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据When You Were Everything部分“Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes. Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school. (克莱奥和蕾拉是多年来最好的朋友。但到了中学二年级，一切都变了。蕾拉开始和她的新朋友们一起玩，两个女孩的友谊慢慢结束了。克莱奥在努力结交新朋友的同时，仍在努力理解所发生的事情。跨越两个时间线讲述，克莱奥关于失去友谊的悲伤故事将与许多试图处理过去的中学朋友戏剧并期待高中的八年级学生有关。)”可知，这本书讲述的是关于友谊和成长的故事。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Hobbit部分“This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world. (这个故事开启了更长、更具挑战性的《指环王》三部曲。这是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事。)”可知，The Hobbit是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事，适合想要阅读冒险故事的人。故选A。
B
It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes. The trip seemed simple enough. 10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more about less. Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
4. What inspired the author to join the surf trip
A. Her love for seashore surfing. B. Her desire to make new friends.
C. Her need to take a break from work. D. Her passion for exploring something new.
5. What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field
A. It hurts one’s pride. B. It narrows one’s potential.
C. It promotes one’s career success. D. It broadens one’s view of the world.
6. Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience
A. Relaxing but dangerous. B. Tough and uninteresting.
C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Surprising and unforgettable.
7. What can be inferred about the author
A. She used to lack confidence in herself.
B. She determined to become an expert surfer.
C. She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip.
D. She was more willing to try new experiences in life.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过葡萄牙的冲浪之旅，感悟到了突破极限和尝试新事物的价值。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. (10名年龄在30到45岁之间、素不相识的女性将在葡萄牙海岸见面，尝试一项新事物：在大西洋冲浪。)”和文章最后一段“Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new(学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑)”可知，对探索新事物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.(现在，从理论上讲，这是一个很好的策略，因为它可以让你变得非常擅长某一件事，但最终也会让你缺乏一些技能。)”可推知，作者认为，成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. (在我们出色的教练的带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。)”和文章最后一段“Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.(学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)”可知，作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的，但却是值得的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.(虽然冲浪可能不是我一生的爱好，但尝试它激励我在生活中承担更多的风险。如果你不去尝试，你永远不知道你能做什么。)”可推知，作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。故选D。
C
You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts, and we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays with me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
8. What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Enjoy. B. Fear. C. Expect. D. Avoid.
9. Why does the author think some callers treat her badly
A. They get angry too easily. B. They blame her for their debts.
C. They do not see her as a real person. D. They accuse her of taking their money.
10. Why does the author think she is good at her job
A. She can offer callers best advice. B. She is always respected by callers.
C. She can put herself in others’ shoes. D. She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text
A. To call for understanding of her job. B. To explain why she is good at her job.
C. To introduce what she is responsible for. D. To complain about her being treated badly.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人们理解她的工作。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.(你恨我。你根本不了解我，还恨我。我们还没说话，你就烦我了。至少这是我作为一个呼叫中心的女催收员在电话里的感觉。)”和下文“... because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.(因为我永远不知道电话的另一端是谁。)”可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，划线词所在的句子意思是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为“害怕”。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible.(有人冲我大喊大叫，用难听的名字骂我，指责我拿了他们的钱，还威胁我。为什么？我想那是因为我是看不见的人。)”可推知，作者认为一些打电话的人对她不友好，因为他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.(在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技能就是同理心。我能理解打电话的人的处境，因为我也经历过。这就是我擅长这份工作的原因——我理解你的感受，我是来帮你的。)”可推知，作者认为她很擅长自己的工作，是因为她能设身处地地为别人着想。故选C。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.(我们都是人类，只是想努力生活，这让你我平等。所以，下次我们谈话的时候，请记住这一点。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们理解她的工作。故选A。
D
Waterways are important for every country around the world. They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport. However, due to industrial activity, many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand. The 15-year-old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house. However, the river has become littered with plastic bags, bottles and cups. Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May, Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia, US, and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly. She planned to create a curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地). The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore. Once there, a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish, Perry found that it worked better than expected. Next, she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
12. What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system
A. Her father’s encouragement.
B. Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C. A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D. An invention of a Dutch high school student.
13. What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system
A. It was designed by Perry alone.
B. It makes power to run the air compressor.
C. It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D. It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
14. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A. Advantages of the system. B. The way of testing the system.
C. The improvement on the system. D. Challenges in the design process.
15. What kind of person is Perry
A. Efficient and ambitious. B. Helpful and hardworking.
C. Responsible and creative. D. Professional and adventurous.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自美国的达科塔·佩里设计垃圾收集系统来清理河流里的垃圾，文章介绍了系统的工作方式以及是如何接受测试的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove trash in waterways.(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)”可知，保护附近河流的愿望促使佩里设计了一个垃圾收集系统。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system.(据“学生科学新闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统)”可知，垃圾收集系统产生一个气泡幕来阻挡垃圾。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”(在她家后院的游泳池里，佩里用一台空气压缩机将空气通过一根满是孔的管道输送出去，形成一股气泡流。她试验了不同的压力，以确保有足够的气泡形成一个完整的帘子。“为了让气泡系统真正工作并收集垃圾，”她向学生科学新闻解释说，“我必须知道空气压缩机应该推出多大的压力。”)”可知，倒数第二段的主要内容是佩里测试她的系统的方式。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove trash in waterways.(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)”以及第四段“According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly.(据“学生科学新闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统。但佩里试图挑战自己，让她的系统更环保)”可推知，佩里有责任心，有创造力。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all want to know what happiness means and try to find ways to help make our life better. Happiness—you know it when you see it, but it’s hard to define. You might call it a sense of well-being, optimism or meaningfulness in life, although those could also be treated separately. ____16____ we know that we want it, and that is just somehow good.
We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness. Research suggests that genetics may play a big role in our level of happiness, so some of us may start out at a disadvantage. On top of that, environmental factors can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living. ____17____. Many studies have found a connection between psychological and physical well-being.
A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features, such as happiness, optimism and life satisfaction, and a lowered risk of heart disease.
____18____. If you have a good sense of well-being, it’s easier to maintain good habits: exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep.
____19____, and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect. But some researchers believe that positive mental states do have a direct effect on the body, perhaps by reducing damaging physical processes. For instance, they found that optimism is associated with lower levels of inflammation (炎症).
If what you mean by happiness is specifically “enjoyment of life”, there’s newer evidence to support that, too. A study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people aged 60 and over who said they enjoyed life less were more likely to develop disability over an 8-year period. ____20____. This study does not prove that physical problems are caused by less enjoyment of life, but suggests a relationship.
A. But whatever happiness really is.
B. It might take more work if your mood is low.
C. For now these studies can only show associations.
D. That refers to the person, and the situation he or she is in.
E. Being able to travel around was also related to enjoyment of life.
F. To manage our emotions is important for both our body and mind.
G. It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”, though.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幸福的定义以及影响幸福的因素。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Happiness—you know it when you see it, but it’s hard to define. You might call it a sense of well-being, optimism or meaningfulness in life, although those could also be treated separately.(幸福——当你看到它的时候你知道它，但是它很难定义。你可以把它称为生活中的幸福感、乐观感或意义感，尽管这些也可以分开对待。)”和下文“we know that we want it, and that is just somehow good.(我们知道我们想要它，它在某种程度上是好的。)”可知，上文在给幸福下定义，此处说明无论真正的幸福是什么，承接上文，且与下文形成让步转折关系，下文中的“it”指代A项中的“happiness”。A项：But whatever happiness really is.(但无论真正的幸福是什么)符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“On top of that, environmental factors can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living.( 最重要的是，环境因素会降低情绪，使我们对生活的渴望干涸。)”和下文“Many studies have found a connection between psychological and physical well-being.(许多研究发现心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系。)”可知，上文提到了情绪因素，下文提到心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系，空处承上启下，说明管理情绪的重要性，F项中的“important for both our body and mind”与下文中的“psychological and physical well-being”对应。F项：To manage our emotions is important for both our body and mind(管理我们的情绪对我们的身心都很重要。)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features, such as happiness, optimism and life satisfaction, and a lowered risk of heart disease.( 2022年对200多项研究回顾发现，积极的心理特征，如幸福、乐观和生活满意度，与降低心脏病风险之间存在联系。)”可知，幸福与降低心脏病风险存在联系，结合下文“If you have a good sense of well-being, it’s easier to maintain good habits: exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep.(如果你有良好的幸福感，就更容易保持良好的习惯：锻炼，饮食均衡，睡眠充足。)”可知，除了降低心脏病的风险，良好的幸福感还有利于保持良好的生活习惯。G项：It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”, though.(不过，这并不像“你必须幸福才能预防心脏病发作”那么简单。)符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect.(它们并没有提供因果关系的确凿证据。)”可知，空处不是完整的一句话，并且有复数名词和下文的“they”对应，C项：For now these studies can only show associations(因为目前这些研究只能显示出关联)符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If what you mean by happiness is specifically “enjoyment of life”, there’s newer evidence to support that, too. A study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people aged 60 and over who said they enjoyed life less were more likely to develop disability over an 8-year period.(如果你所说的幸福指的是“享受生活”，那么也有新的证据支持这一点。《加拿大医学协会杂志》上的一项研究发现，60岁及以上的人说他们不太享受生活，在8年的时间里更有可能患上残疾。)”可知，本段内容和“享受生活”相关，E项中的“enjoyment of life”是关键词。E项：Being able to travel around was also related to enjoyment of life.(能够到处旅行也与享受生活有关。)符合语境。故选E。
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳进项。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____21____ ”
Even the tallest mountains have ____22____; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my ____23____ has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
____24____, I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and and I’m more ____25____. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can ____26____ together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a ____27____ filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____28____ for not wearing masks. Not ____29____ and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to _____30_____ this together.”
The group of young men wanted to _____31_____ about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, _____32_____, was the ability to grow from _____33_____ by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more _____34_____, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to _____35_____ and make room for others, while the latter never give an _____36_____ to accommodate others.
_____37_____, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to _____38_____ the world from someone else’s point of view.
I placed a _____39_____ stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a _____40_____ again.
21. A. goods B. boxes C. books D. rocks
22. A. piled up B. worn down C. risen up D. broken down
23. A. will B. voice C. attitude D. heart
24. A. Often B. Still C. Here D. Once
25. A. understanding B. confident C. patient D. competitive
26. A. contribute B. exist C. suffer D. develop
27. A. leader B. teacher C. human D. judge
28. A. leave B. explain C. apologize D. pay
29. A. contradictory B. confusing C. forceful D. discouraging
30. A. get through B. stick to C. deal with D. fight against
31. A. think B. care C. talk D. argue
32. A. even B. however C. anyway D. also
33. A. hardships B. struggle C. experiences D. failure
34. A. open B. cautious C. ambitious D. independent
35. A. ignore B. accept C. adjust D. change
36. A. excuse B. agreement C. entrance D. inch
37. A. Nature B. Tolerance C. Tide D. Time
38. A. reforming B. seeing C. exploring D. travelling
39. A. sharp B. rounded C. valuable D. rolling
40. A. class B. belief C. meeting D. discussion
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在湖边观石的时候，联想到自己之前的经历，感悟人就像岩石一样，被时间磨平棱角，在时间中变得更为开阔宽广。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，“我们能从一堆岩石中学习吗？”A. goods商品；B. boxes盒子；C. books书；D. rocks石头。根据上文“Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots.”可知，作者困惑的是是否可以从石头中学到什么东西。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使是最高的山也已磨损；没有一个像一千年前那么高。A. piled up积累；B. worn down磨损；C. risen up上升；D. broken down分解。根据下文“none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago”可知，高山的高度因为时间而降低，所以这里说它们被磨损了。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一块岩石一样，我发现我的态度变得柔和了，我想更好地理解他人的愿望也随着每一次环绕太阳的旅行而扩大了。A. will意志；B. voice声音；C. attitude态度；D. heart内心。根据下文“my desire to better understand others has expanded”可知，作者理解他人的愿望扩大了，所以是对世界的态度变得柔和了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经，我也是一块尖尖的岩石。A. Often经常； B. Still仍然；C. Here这里；D. Once曾经。根据上文“my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun”和下文“I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges”可知，现在作者发生了变化，而从前他的边缘也很锋利。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，经过几十年的生命之水在我身上流淌，我的棱角变得更加柔和，也更加善解人意。A. understanding善解人意的；B. confident自信的；C. patient耐心的；D. competitive好竞争的。根据上文“my desire to better understand others”可知，作者变得更善解人意。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太可能评判别人，我更有兴趣了解我们如何共存。A. contribute做贡献；B. exist存在；C. suffer遭受；D. develop发展。根据上文作者说自己的棱角渐渐磨平，变得善解人意，可推知作者感兴趣的是人如何共存。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个充满了我DNA中所有戏剧性的人。A. leader领导人；B. teacher教师；C. human人类；D. judge裁判。根据下文“my DNA”可知，作者是个人。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求几个年轻人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。A. leave离开；B. explain解释；C. apologize道歉；D. pay支付。根据下文“Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.”可知，进餐馆需要戴口罩，这几个年轻人没有戴口罩，所以会被要求离开。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不强势也不粗鲁。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. forceful强势的；D. discouraging使人沮丧的。根据下文“and not rude”可知，餐馆的老板态度并不粗鲁，所以forceful“强势的”符合语境，和rude并列。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关。A. get through度过；B. stick to坚持；C. deal with处理；D. fight against抗争。根据上文“Please wear a mask”可知，故事发生在疫情期间，所以是需要大家尽所能一起度过难关。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番。A. think思考；B. care关心；C. talk谈论；D. argue争论。根据上文“I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____8____ for not wearing masks.” 可知，这几个年轻人因为没有带口罩被要求离开餐馆，所以他们应该会对餐馆纸条上的要求争论一番。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. even甚至；B. however然而；C. anyway无论如何；D. also也。根据上文“I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world.”可知，曾经作者很有锋芒，现在却失去了一些能力，上下文是转折关系，需用however“然而”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. hardships困难；B. struggle奋斗；C. experiences经历；D. failure失败。根据此处“grow from ____13____ by looking through the eyes of others”可知，作者在说透过他人的眼睛从某种事物中成长，结合观察岩石、在餐馆的事情可知，experiences“经历”更符合语境，文中没有体现其他选项的含义。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学习更开放的过程中，我也找到了更多的快乐和成功。A. open开放的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，从他人的眼睛去看待事情是换位思考，是变得更加开放包容。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. ignore忽视；B. accept接受；C. adjust调整；D. change改变。根据下文“make room for others”可知，圆的石头会给其他石头腾空间，所以是调整自己。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. excuse借口；B. agreement同意；C. entrance入口；D. inch少许。根据上文“while”可知，这里强调锋利的石头和圆的石头不同，它们不会调整自己，不会让步。not give an inch是固定短语，意为“寸步不让”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. Nature自然；B. Tolerance容忍；C. Tide潮汐；D. Time时间。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，是时间磨掉人的棱角，带走了人对换位思考的抗拒。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. reforming改革；B. seeing看；C. exploring探索；D. travelling旅行。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，是从他人的角度看待世界。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把一块圆石头放进夹克口袋里。A. sharp锋利的；B. rounded圆形的；C. valuable值钱的；D. rolling起伏的。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，作者把圆石头放进口袋，提醒自己要收敛锋芒，做善解人意、可以换位思考的人。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然母亲又在上课了。A. class课；B. belief信念；C. meeting会议；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____1____ ””可知，作者从自然中学到了重要的一课，所以这里说大自然在上课。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
The 38th Qinhuai Lantern Festival Lights Up China
On the evening of February 2, the 2024 “Light Up China” event, the 38th annual China Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremony, ____41____(begin) at the Bailuzhou Park in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. The Qinhuai Lantern Festival, ____42____ is also known as the “Jinling Lantern Festival”, is a folk cultural activity spread in Nanjing in history. It is usually held during the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival every year. It is the most famous lantern festival in China and it is included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
With the Bailuzhou Park, the Confucius Temple Scenic Area and the Laomendong District serving ____43____ main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair has set up 7 exhibition areas with 330 lantern installations.
____44____(compare) to previous years’ lantern festivals, one of the major highlights this year is the remarkable “the Year of the Dragon” theme. For instance, at the front of the Linxing Gate of the Confucius Temple in Nanjing, the lantern display features twin dragons winding around pillars, blowing out dragon pearls, symbolizing auspiciousness (吉祥) and reunion. Meanwhile, the Bailuzhou Park takes ____45____(inspire) from the “Illustration of Lanterns in the Shangyuan Festival” as its creative theme, showing ____46____ total of 68 sets of lanterns in various sizes and forms, recreating the splendid scene of observing lanterns during the Ming dynasty as described in the ancient artworks.
The Lantern Festival in Nanjing this year not only celebrates the traditional customs of the Lunar New Year but also highlights the city’s cultural heritage and ____47____(innovation) spirit, drawing visitors from across the nation ____48____(participate) in the joyous celebrations.
A local elderly person said to a news reporter ____49____(proud), “It has the reputation of No. 1 Lantern Festival in the world and the Qinhuai Lantern Festival _____50_____(be) the best in the world. It is the only large-scale comprehensive lantern festival in China that integrates lantern exhibitions, lantern festivals and lantern markets.”
【答案】41. began
42. which 43. as
pared
45. inspiration
46. a 47. innovative
48. to participate
49. proudly
50. is
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍第38届中国秦淮灯会的亮灯仪式情况。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：2月2日晚，2024“点亮中国”活动，即一年一度的第38届中国秦淮灯会亮灯仪式，在江苏省南京市白鹿洲公园拉开帷幕。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有作时间状语，描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填began 。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：秦淮灯会，又称“金陵灯会”，是南京历史上流传的民间文化活动。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Qinhuai Lantern Festival在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：今年的秦淮灯会以白鹿洲公园、孔庙景区和老门洞区为主要展示场所，设置了7个展区，共330个灯具装置。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语，意为“起……作用”。故填as。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与往年相比，今年的一大亮点是引人注目的“龙年”主题。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词compare和句子主语one of the major highlights是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared 。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：白鹿洲公园以“上元节彩灯图说”为创作主题，共展出68套大小各异的彩灯，再现了明代古代艺术品中观灯的灿烂景象。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语。故填inspiration。
【46题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语a total of，意为“总数为”。故填a。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今年南京的元宵节不仅庆祝了农历新年的传统习俗，还突出了这座城市的文化遗产和创新精神，吸引了来自全国各地的游客参与到欢乐的庆祝活动中来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作定语，修饰后面的名词spirit。故填innovative 。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：见第7题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语，意为“吸引某人做某事”,用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to participate。
49题详解】
考查副词。句意：当地一位老人自豪地对新闻记者说：“这里有世界第一灯会的美誉，秦淮灯会是世界上最好的。它是中国唯一一个集灯展、灯会和灯市为一体的大型综合性灯会。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，作状语，修饰动词said。故填proudly。
【50题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的情况，谓语用一般现在时，主语是the Qinhuai Lantern Festival，be动词用is。故填is。
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起)）不计分。
Last Sunday I participated in the exciting outdoor activity with my friends. We go hiking in the mountains nearby, and it was a pleasant experience. We got up early than usual to pack our backpacks with water, food and other necessary thing. When we got there, we started with our hike. The path was challenging, but the scenery was amazed. As we hiked, we chatted, laughed, and encouraging each other. We also had breaks and took photos. When they finally completed the hike, we were tired out but happy. I was extreme delighted to spend time with my friends in nature and enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. It was an unforgettable walk indeed, I can’t wait to have another chance to hike with them.
【答案】1. exciting前面的the→an
2. go→went
3. early→earlier
4. thing→things
5. 删除started后面的with
6. amazed→amazing
7. encouraging→encouraged
8. they→we
9. extreme→extremely
10. 在I can’t前面增加and或so
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了上周日和朋友参加的令人兴奋的户外活动。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：上周日我和我的朋友参加了一个令人兴奋的户外活动。此处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且exciting以元音音素开头，应用an。故将exciting前面的the改为an。
2. 考查时态。句意：我们去附近的山上远足，那是一次愉快的经历。此处在叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，和后面的was保持一致，应用went。故将go改为went。
3. 考查副词比较级。句意：我们比平时起得早，把水、食物和其他必要的东西装在背包里。根据than可知，此处需用副词比较级，表示“比平常早”，应用earlier。故将early改为earlier。
4. 考查名词复数。句意：我们比平时起得早，把水、食物和其他必要的东西装在背包里。thing是可数名词，前面有other，表示“其他的必要的东西”，是复数概念，应用things。故将thing改为things。
5. 考查动词。句意：当我们到达那里，我们开始了我们的徒步旅行。此处start是及物动词，意为“使开始发生”，不需要介词with。故删除started后面的with。
6. 考查形容词。句意：这条路很有挑战性，但风景令人惊叹。此处作表语，表示“风景令人惊叹”，形容风景的特征，应用amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。故将amazed改为amazing。
7. 考查时态。句意：一路上，我们谈笑风生，互相鼓励。此处encourage和前面的chatted、laughed并列作谓语动词，时态是一般过去时，应用encouraged。故将encouraging改为encouraged。
8. 考查代词。句意：当我们终于完成徒步旅行时，我们很累，但很高兴。此处表达“我们”而非“他们”，应用人称代词we。故将they改为we。
9. 考查副词。句意：我非常高兴和我的朋友在大自然中享受新鲜的空气和阳光。此处作状语，修饰形容词delighted，应用副词extremely，意为“极其，非常”。故将extreme改为extremely。
10. 考查连词。句意：这确实是一次难忘的徒步旅行，所以我迫不及待地想再和他们一起徒步旅行。根据句子前后两部分的语义可知，此处需用表示结果的连词连接，应用and表示“那么，因此”，或so表示“因此，所以”。故在I can’t前面增加and或so。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你们学校最近组织了一次植树活动，请以“An Interesting Tree-planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点及参与者；
2. 植树的过程；
3. 你的体验和感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
Last Sunday our school organized an interesting tree-planting activity on campus. Almost all students joined it positively.
At the beginning, our teachers explained how to plant trees and then gave us a demonstration. Afterwards, we got involved and cooperated with pleasure. Some dug holes, some planted trees while others watered them. We worked hard, talking and laughing happily all the time, during which our teachers took many photos for us.
We truly enjoyed the activity. Not only did it help us cooperate better and beautify our campus, but also it raised our awareness of protecting the environment.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生以“An Interesting Tree-planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英语报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解释：explain→account for
高兴地：happily→cheerfully
帮助：help→assist
喜欢：enjoy→be fond of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Sunday our school organized an interesting tree-planting activity on campus.
拓展句：Last Sunday our school organized an interesting tree-planting activity on campus, which was really meaningful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We worked hard, talking and laughing happily all the time, during which our teachers took many photos for us. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语，“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Not only did it help us cooperate better and beautify our campus, but also it raised our awareness of protecting the environment. (运用了部分倒装)
听力部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Mike plan to do tonight
A. Watch a movie. B. Attend a meeting. C. Work on his presentation.
2. How will the woman contact John
A. By phone. B. By email. C. In person.
3. When will the speakers meet on Thursday
A. At 3:30 p.m. B. At 4:00 p.m. C. At 4:10 p.m.
4. Why will Kathy call Anne
A. To express thanks. B. To look for a helper. C. To give some information.
5. Where will the conference probably be held
A. In Pittsburgh. B. In Atlanta. C. In Kansas City.
第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are they probably doing
A. Taking a driving test. B. Doing some shopping. C. Playing a computer game.
7. What did the woman think of what the man did
A. It was useless. B. It was not correct. C. It was unimportant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the woman decided to do
A. Try film making. B. Learn a language. C. Study photography.
9. Why does the woman want to develop a new skill
A. To travel. B. To find a job. C. To get promoted.
10. What are the speakers going to do first
A. Buy some coffee. B. Eat dinner. C. Watch a performance.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman probably do
A. A host. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
12. What does Bob say about life administration
A. It is pleasing. B. It is tiring. C. It is boring.
13. What did Elizabeth advise the “administration avoiders” to do
A. Make a to-do list. B. Do necessary tasks first. C. Avoid meaningless.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What keeps the group going
A. The love for creating artworks.
B The pleasure of helping others.
C. The wish to improve the community.
15. How has the local government helped the group
A. By renting a room. B. By providing money. C. By building a webs.
16. Where can people buy the bottles now
A. From the town hall. B. In the shops. C. On the Internet.
17. How many members does the group have at present
A. Three. B. Five. C. Eight.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why will the shopping mall make a change to the cafe
A. To offer more dishes.
B. To make it more comfortable.
C. To provide room for more customers.
19. How should shoppers book the “personal shopper” service
A. By filling in a form online.
B. By going and visiting the store.
C. By calling the information desk.
20. What is the second cooking class about
A. Keeping food fresh. B. Making instant meals. C. Learning about safety rules.2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
（第二次模拟考试）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 考生答卷前，务必将自己的姓名、座位号写在答题卡上。将条形码粘贴在规定区域。本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 做选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的规定区域内，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
※ Brown Girl Dreaming
By Jacqueline Woodson
As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book, in her book, Brown Girl Dreaming, the author uses poetry to tell her true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s and 1970s. Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family, her growing awareness of race and the civil rights movement, and her life in South Carolina and New York City.
※ When You Were Everything
By Ashley Woodfolk
Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes. Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school.
※ The Hound of the Baskervilles
By Arthur Conan Doyle
The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor, England. A man is dead, with many dog paw prints leading to his body. Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to find several unexplainable events and clues. Together, they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fiction ever since.
※ The Hobbit
By J. R. R. Tolkien
This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world. With dwarves (小矮人), hobbits, sword fights, wizards and dragons, the book’s plot and humor have stood the test of time.
1. How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books
A. It focuses on city life. B. It uses clear language.
C. It has won many awards. D. It tells humorous stories.
2. What is When You Were Everything mainly about
A. Friendship and growth. B. Lost love and gained hope.
C. Learning to be more independent. D. Dealing with pressure from schoolwork.
3. Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures
A. The Hobbit B. Brown Girl Dreaming
C. When You Were Everything D. The Hound of the Baskervilles
B
It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes. The trip seemed simple enough. 10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more about less. Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
4. What inspired the author to join the surf trip
A. Her love for seashore surfing. B. Her desire to make new friends.
C. Her need to take a break from work. D. Her passion for exploring something new.
5 What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field
A. It hurts one’s pride. B. It narrows one’s potential.
C. It promotes one’s career success. D. It broadens one’s view of the world.
6. Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience
A. Relaxing but dangerous. B. Tough and uninteresting.
C Challenging but rewarding. D. Surprising and unforgettable.
7. What can be inferred about the author
A. She used to lack confidence in herself.
B. She determined to become an expert surfer.
C. She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip.
D. She was more willing to try new experiences in life.
C
You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts and we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays with me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
8. What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Enjoy. B. Fear. C. Expect. D. Avoid.
9. Why does the author think some callers treat her badly
A. They get angry too easily. B. They blame her for their debts.
C. They do not see her as a real person. D. They accuse her of taking their money.
10. Why does the author think she is good at her job
A. She can offer callers best advice. B. She is always respected by callers.
C. She can put herself in others’ shoes. D. She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text
A. To call for understanding of her job. B. To explain why she is good at her job.
C. To introduce what she is responsible for. D. To complain about her being treated badly.
D
Waterways are important for every country around the world. They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport. However, due to industrial activity, many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand. The 15-year-old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house. However, the river has become littered with plastic bags, bottles and cups. Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May, Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia, US, and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly. She planned to create a curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地). The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore. Once there, a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish, Perry found that it worked better than expected. Next, she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
12. What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system
A. Her father’s encouragement.
B. Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C. A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D. An invention of a Dutch high school student.
13. What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system
A. It was designed by Perry alone.
B. It makes power to run the air compressor.
C. It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D. It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
14. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A. Advantages of the system. B. The way of testing the system.
C. The improvement on the system. D. Challenges in the design process.
15. What kind of person is Perry
A. Efficient and ambitious. B. Helpful and hardworking.
C. Responsible and creative. D. Professional and adventurous.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all want to know what happiness means and try to find ways to help make our life better. Happiness—you know it when you see it, but it’s hard to define. You might call it a sense of well-being, optimism or meaningfulness in life, although those could also be treated separately. ____16____ we know that we want it, and that is just somehow good.
We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness. Research suggests that genetics may play a big role in our level of happiness, so some of us may start out at a disadvantage. On top of that, environmental factors can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living. ____17____. Many studies have found a connection between psychological and physical well-being.
A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features, such as happiness, optimism and life satisfaction, and a lowered risk of heart disease.
____18____. If you have a good sense of well-being, it’s easier to maintain good habits: exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep.
____19____, and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect. But some researchers believe that positive mental states do have a direct effect on the body, perhaps by reducing damaging physical processes. For instance, they found that optimism is associated with lower levels of inflammation (炎症).
If what you mean by happiness is specifically “enjoyment of life”, there’s newer evidence to support that, too. A study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people aged 60 and over who said they enjoyed life less were more likely to develop disability over an 8-year period. ____20____. This study does not prove that physical problems are caused by less enjoyment of life, but suggests a relationship.
A. But whatever happiness really is.
B It might take more work if your mood is low.
C. For now these studies can only show associations.
D. That refers to the person, and the situation he or she is in.
E. Being able to travel around was also related to enjoyment of life.
F. To manage our emotions is important for both our body and mind.
G. It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”, though.
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳进项。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of ____21____ ”
Even the tallest mountains have ____22____; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my ____23____ has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
____24____, I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and and I’m more ____25____. I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can ____26____ together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a ____27____ filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to ____28____ for not wearing masks. Not ____29____ and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to _____30_____ this together.”
The group of young men wanted to _____31_____ about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, _____32_____, was the ability to grow from _____33_____ by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more _____34_____, I’ve also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to _____35_____ and make room for others, while the latter never give an _____36_____ to accommodate others.
_____37_____, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to _____38_____ the world from someone else’s point of view.
I placed a _____39_____ stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a _____40_____ again.
21. A. goods B. boxes C. books D. rocks
22. A. piled up B. worn down C. risen up D. broken down
23. A. will B. voice C. attitude D. heart
24. A. Often B. Still C. Here D. Once
25. A. understanding B. confident C. patient D. competitive
26. A. contribute B. exist C. suffer D. develop
27. A. leader B. teacher C. human D. judge
28. A. leave B. explain C. apologize D. pay
29. A. contradictory B. confusing C. forceful D. discouraging
30. A. get through B. stick to C. deal with D. fight against
31. A. think B. care C. talk D. argue
32. A. even B. however C. anyway D. also
33. A. hardships B. struggle C. experiences D. failure
34. A. open B. cautious C. ambitious D. independent
35. A. ignore B. accept C. adjust D. change
36. A. excuse B. agreement C. entrance D. inch
37. A. Nature B. Tolerance C. Tide D. Time
38. A. reforming B. seeing C. exploring D. travelling
39. A. sharp B. rounded C. valuable D. rolling
40. A. class B. belief C. meeting D. discussion
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
The 38th Qinhuai Lantern Festival Lights Up China
On the evening of February 2, the 2024 “Light Up China” event, the 38th annual China Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremony, ____41____(begin) at the Bailuzhou Park in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. The Qinhuai Lantern Festival, ____42____ is also known as the “Jinling Lantern Festival”, is a folk cultural activity spread in Nanjing in history. It is usually held during the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival every year. It is the most famous lantern festival in China and it is included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
With the Bailuzhou Park the Confucius Temple Scenic Area and the Laomendong District serving ____43____ main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair has set up 7 exhibition areas with 330 lantern installations.
____44____(compare) to previous years’ lantern festivals, one of the major highlights this year is the remarkable “the Year of the Dragon” theme. For instance, at the front of the Linxing Gate of the Confucius Temple in Nanjing, the lantern display features twin dragons winding around pillars, blowing out dragon pearls, symbolizing auspiciousness (吉祥) and reunion. Meanwhile, the Bailuzhou Park takes ____45____(inspire) from the “Illustration of Lanterns in the Shangyuan Festival” as its creative theme, showing ____46____ total of 68 sets of lanterns in various sizes and forms, recreating the splendid scene of observing lanterns during the Ming dynasty as described in the ancient artworks.
The Lantern Festival in Nanjing this year not only celebrates the traditional customs of the Lunar New Year but also highlights the city’s cultural heritage and ____47____(innovation) spirit, drawing visitors from across the nation ____48____(participate) in the joyous celebrations.
A local elderly person said to a news reporter ____49____(proud), “It has the reputation of No. 1 Lantern Festival in the world and the Qinhuai Lantern Festival _____50_____(be) the best in the world. It is the only large-scale comprehensive lantern festival in China that integrates lantern exhibitions, lantern festivals and lantern markets.”
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起)）不计分。
Last Sunday I participated in the exciting outdoor activity with my friends. We go hiking in the mountains nearby, and it was a pleasant experience. We got up early than usual to pack our backpacks with water, food and other necessary thing. When we got there, we started with our hike. The path was challenging, but the scenery was amazed. As we hiked, we chatted, laughed, and encouraging each other. We also had breaks and took photos. When they finally completed the hike, we were tired out but happy. I was extreme delighted to spend time with my friends in nature and enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. It was an unforgettable walk indeed, I can’t wait to have another chance to hike with them.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你们学校最近组织了一次植树活动，请以“An Interesting Tree-planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点及参与者；
2. 植树的过程；
3. 你的体验和感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
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听力部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Mike plan to do tonight
A. Watch a movie. B. Attend a meeting. C. Work on his presentation.
2. How will the woman contact John
A. By phone. B. By email. C. In person.
3. When will the speakers meet on Thursday
A. At 3:30 p.m. B. At 4:00 p.m. C. At 4:10 p.m.
4. Why will Kathy call Anne
A. To express thanks. B. To look for a helper. C. To give some information.
5. Where will the conference probably be held
A. In Pittsburgh. B. In Atlanta. C. In Kansas City.
第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are they probably doing
A. Taking a driving test. B. Doing some shopping. C. Playing a computer game.
7. What did the woman think of what the man did
A. It was useless. B. It was not correct. C. It was unimportant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the woman decided to do
A. Try film making. B. Learn a language. C. Study photography.
9. Why does the woman want to develop a new skill
A. To travel. B. To find a job. C. To get promoted.
10. What are the speakers going to do first
A. Buy some coffee. B. Eat dinner. C. Watch a performance.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman probably do
A. A host. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
12. What does Bob say about life administration
A. It is pleasing. B. It is tiring. C. It is boring.
13. What did Elizabeth advise the “administration avoiders” to do
A. Make a to-do list. B. Do necessary tasks first. C. Avoid meaningless.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What keeps the group going
A. The love for creating artworks.
B. The pleasure of helping others.
C. The wish to improve the community.
15. How has the local government helped the group
A. By renting a room. B. By providing money. C. By building a webs.
16. Where can people buy the bottles now
A. From the town hall. B. In the shops. C. On the Internet.
17. How many members does the group have at present
A. Three. B. Five. C. Eight.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why will the shopping mall make a change to the cafe
A. To offer more dishes.
B. To make it more comfortable.
C. To provide room for more customers.
19. How should shoppers book the “personal shopper” service
A. By filling in a form online.
B. By going and visiting the store.
C. By calling the information desk.
20. What is the second cooking class about
A. Keeping food fresh. B. Making instant meals. C. Learning about safety rules.

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