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2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模
英语试卷
(完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分)
考生注意：
1. 试卷满分140分，完卷时间120分钟。
2. 本调研设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共12页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
第I卷(共100分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a grocery store. B. At a florist’s stand.
C. At a bank counter. D. At an electronic shop.
2. A. Sign up for a fitness class. B. Shop for fitness equipment.
C. Have a fitness test. D. Watch a fitness video.
3. A. Pay the ticket right away. B. Challenge the ticket.
C. Ignore the ticket. D. Apologize to the parking officer.
4. A. She is available on Saturday. B. She will cancel her dentist appointment.
C. She can not cover the man’s shift. D. She forgot about the shift.
5. A. The woman had better give him an extension on the deadline.
B. The woman had better draft the proposal by herself.
C. The woman had better approve the proposal.
D. The woman had better give insights on the budget section.
6. A. She doesn’t like animals from the shelter.
B. She prefers buying pets from breeders.
C. She thinks adopting a pet is a bad idea.
D. She supports the idea of adopting a pet.
7. A. Either of them is an experienced chef.
B. Both of them have experienced failures in the kitchen.
C. Neither of them are fond of cooking.
D. Both of them are concerned about the new recipe.
8. A. Bungee jumping is safe.
B. Bungee jumping is thrilling.
C. Bungee jumping might have risks.
D. Bungee jumping is sure to be regrettable.
9. A. The man should borrow the book several days later.
B. The woman urgently needs the book back.
C. The man does not need to return the book quickly.
D. The woman is unwilling to lend the man the book.
10. A. The woman’s parents will not appreciate a surprise party.
B. The woman should prioritize her parents’ preferences for the party.
C. The man dislikes the idea of a surprise party.
D. The woman should plan a party based on her own preferences.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.
11. A. A pupil in need of help. B. A person promising to donate money.
C A member from a charity. D. A teacher in the Semira Region.
12. A. 10%. B. 35%. C. 50%. D. 65%.
13. A. To train teachers for the disabled. B. To help a pupil with special needs.
C. To pay for a walking holiday. D. To organize a charity club for the disabled.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. To distract other students from doing well.
B. To impress his friends with the shining ring.
C. To improve his chances in the exam.
D. To honor his grandfather by wearing a ring.
15. A. By having enough time for breaks.
B. By breaking down learning into portions.
C. By informing teachers of the study habits.
D. By wearing lucky objects.
16. A. Start revision ahead of time.
B. Reward oneself during revision.
C. Consider different learning styles.
D. Stay up late for the exam.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To inquire about travel recommendations.
B. To discuss cultural festivals in Southeast Asia.
C. To plan a solo travel adventure to Thailand.
D. To learn about Mr. Patel’s travel experiences.
18. A. Europe and Africa. B. Thailand and Vietnam.
C. South America and Australia. D. Japan and China.
19. A. Solely cultural exploration.
B. Primarily outdoor adventures.
C. A mix of cultural and outdoor experiences.
D. Luxurious and private accommodations.
20. A. It is ideal for meeting fellow travelers.
B. It offers exclusive travel experiences.
C. It is a more comfortable and secure stay.
D. It offers authentic cultural immersion.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Beethov-hen’s first symphony
On a grey Friday morning at a Hawke’s Bay farm, members of New Zealand’s symphony orchestra dressed in black to perform their latest composition in front of a large crowd.
The music contained many marks of traditional classical music, but as it began, the instruments started to make loud, rough sounds more commonly ___1___ (hear) in chicken coops than in an auditorium.
However, no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition, ___2___ the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.
The piece of music – Chook Symphony No1 – ___3___ (create) specifically for the birds out of an unlikely partnership between the orchestra and an organic free-range chicken farm which wanted a piece of chicken-friendly music to enrich its flocks’ lives.
“We’ve been playing classical music for the chickens for some years now because ___4___ is well researched that the music can calm the chickens down,” says Ben Bostock, one of the two brothers who ___5___ (own) the Bostock Brothers farm.
Research has shown animals can respond positively to classical music, and chickens are particularly responsive to baroque (巴洛克风格), according to some studies.
The composer, Hamish Oliver, ___6___ used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from composers such as Corelli, Bach, and Schnittke, wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s world. “The trumpet imitates the chicken… the woodwind instruments are the cluckiest, especially if you take the reeds off.”
The early stages of composition were spent ___7___ (test) out which instruments and sounds the chickens responded to best.
“They didn’t like any big banging,” Bostock said, adding that when the birds respond positively to the music, they tend ___8___ (wander) farther among the trees. Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use the piece of music to calm their own birds.
For Oliver, having input from the farmers about ___9___ the chickens were responding to particular sounds and instruments was a highlight of the project.
The symphony has searched exhaustively ___10___ any other examples of orchestras making music specifically for chickens and believes this to be a world-first, says Peter Biggs, the orchestra’s chief executive.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. army B. available C. displayed D. reserves E. straight F. inserted G. additional H. advocates I. initiative J. proven K. existing
A new way to reduce poaching
Researchers are working on a pilot program backed by Russia’s Rosatom Corp to inject rhino horns (犀牛角) with radioactive material, a strategy that could discourage consumption and make it easier to detect illegal trade.
Poachers (偷猎者) killed 394 rhinos in South Africa for their horns last year, government data shows, with public and private game ___11___ lacking the resources needed to monitor vast tracts of land and protect the animals that live there. While the toll was a third lower than in 2019 and the sixth ___12___ drop, illegal hunting remains the biggest threat to about 20,000 of the animals in the country — the world’s biggest population.
Thousands of ___13___ sensors along international borders could be used to detect a small quantity of radioactive material ___14___ into the horns, according to James Larkin, a professor at the University of Witswatersrand in Johannesburg, who has a background in radiation protection and nuclear security. “A whole new ___15___ of people could be able to detect the illegal movement of rhino horn,” he said. Some alternate methods of discouraging poaching, including poisoning, dyeing and removing the horns, have raised a variety of opinions as to their virtue and efficacy.
Known as The Rhisotope Project, the new anti-poaching ___16___ started earlier this month with the injection of an amino acid (氨基酸) into two rhinos’ horns in order to detect whether the compound will move into the animals’ bodies. Also, ___17___ studies using computer modeling and a replica rhino head will be done to determine a safe dose of radioactive material. Rhino horn is used in traditional medicine, as it is believed to cure disease such as cancer, ___18___ as a show of wealth and given as gifts.
“If we make it radioactive, these people will be hesitant to buy it,” Larkin said. “We’re pushing on the whole supply chain.”
Besides Russia’s state-owned nuclear company, the University of Witwatersrand, scientists and private rhino owners are involved in the project. If the method is ___19___ feasible, it could also be used to curb illegal trade in elephant ivory.
“Once we have developed the whole project and got to the point where we completed the proof of concept, then we will be making this whole idea ____20____ to whoever wants to use it,” Larkin said.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
City air is in a sorry state. It is dirty and hot. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2m people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac, meanwhile, absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also ___21___ plants which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration (蒸腾作用). The never-ceasing ___22___ of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.
A possible answer to the twin problems of pollution and heat is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants and they certainly ___23___ tiny particles floating in the air, which are then washed to the ground by rain. Besides transpiration, they provide ___24___.
To cool an area effectively, trees must be planted in quantity. Two years ago, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree ___25___ to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities — and especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries — are ___26___ with parks, private gardens or a sufficient number of street trees. And the problem is likely to get worse. At the moment, 55% of people live in cities. By 2050 that share is expected to reach 68%.
One group of botanists believe they have at least a partial ___27___ to this lack of urban vegetation. It is to plant miniature simulacra (模拟物) of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth. Over the course of a career that began in the 1950s, their leader, Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yokohama National University in Japan, has developed a way to do this starting with even the most ___28___ deserted areas. And the Miyawaki method is finding increasing ___29___ around the world.
Dr Miyawaki’s insight was to deconstruct and rebuild the process of ecological succession, by which ___30___ land develops naturally into mature forest. Usually, the first arrival is grass, followed by small trees and, finally, larger ones. The Miyawaki method ___31___ some of the early phases and jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.
Dr Miyawaki has ___32___ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Wherever they are planting, though, gardeners are not restricted to ___33___ nature’s recipe book to the letter. Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements. A popular choice, ___34___, is to include more fruit trees than a natural forest might support, thus creating an orchard that requires no maintenance.
If your goal is to better your ___35___ surroundings, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr Miyawaki might well be your man.
21.
A. thrive B. nourish C. displace D. raise
22.
A. assessment B. maintenance C. spread D. replacement
23.
A. release B. trap C. reflect D. dissolve
24.
A. attraction B. shadow C. interaction D. shade
25.
A. consumption B. coverage C. interval D. conservation
26.
A. blessed B. lined C. piled D. fascinated
27.
A. treatment B. obstacle C. warning D. solution
28.
A. unnoticed B. unpromising C. untested D. unfading
29.
A. criticism B. favor C. sponsor D. anxiety
30.
A. bare B. graceful C. faint D. mysterious
31.
A. highlights B. skips C. improves D. pushes
32.
A. accessed B. spotted C. supervised D. ranked
33.
A. disturbing B. balancing C. following D. reducing
34.
A for example B. in essence C. on the other hand D. after all
35.
A. suburban B. leisure C. scenic D. immediate
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
From Marie Tussaud’s Chamber of Horrors to Disneyland’s Haunted Mansion (鬼屋) to horror-themed escape rooms, haunted house attractions have terrified and delighted audiences around the world for more than 200 years.
These attractions turn out to be good places to study fear. They help scientists understand the body’s response to fright and how we perceive some situations as enjoyably thrilling and others as truly terrible. One surprising finding: having friends close at hand in a haunted house might make you more jumpy, not less so.
Psychologist and study co-author Sarah Tashjian, who is now at the University of Melbourne, and her team conducted their research with 156 adults, who each wore a wireless wrist sensor during their visit. The sensor measured skin responses linked to the body’s reactions to stress and other situations. When the sensor picked up, for example, greater skin conductance — that is, the degree to which the skin can transmit an electric current — that was a sign that the body was more aroused and ready for fight or flight. In addition to this measure, people reported their expected fear (on a scale of 1 to 10) before entering the haunted house and their experienced fear (on the same scale) after completing the haunt.
The scientists found that people who reported greater fear also showed heightened skin responses. Being with friends, Tashjian and her colleagues further found, increased physiological arousal during the experience, which was linked to stronger feelings of fright. In fact, the fear response was actually weaker when people went through the house in the presence of strangers.
Other investigators have used haunted houses to understand how fear and enjoyment can coexist. In a 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen, a member of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark, scientists joined forces with Dystopia Haunted House. The Danish attraction includes such terrifying experiences as being chased by “Mr. Piggy”, a large, chain-saw-wielding man wearing a bloody butcher’s apron and pig mask. People between the ages of 12 and 57 were video recorded at peak moments during the attraction, wore heart-rate monitors throughout and reported on their experience. People’s fright was tied to large-scale heart-rate fluctuations; their enjoyment was linked to small-scale ones. The results suggest that fear and enjoyment can happen together when physiological arousal is balanced “just right”.
36. Studying haunted house attractions helps scientists to learn about ________.
A. the psychological effects of fear on individuals
B. the history of horror-themed entertainment
C. the body’s response to material rewards
D. the impact of technology on people’s enjoyment
37. How did Sarah Tashjian and her team conduct their research on haunted house experiences
A. By surveying participants. B. By analyzing historical records.
C. By employing wireless wrist sensors. D. By using virtual reality simulations.
38. What did Tashjian and her colleagues discover in their study
A. Being with friends elevated level of physiological arousal.
B. The fear reaction was stronger in the company of strangers.
C. Psychological effect was unrelated to intensified feelings of fright.
D. Those reporting lightened fear showed increased skin responses.
39. It can be concluded from the 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen that ________.
A fear and enjoyment can not happen at the same time
B. large-scale heart-rate fluctuations were linked to enjoyment
C. the age of the participants was not related to the study’s findings
D. fear and enjoyment can coexist under certain conditions
(B)
Is an electric vehicle right for you
Many people will ask themselves that question for the first time this year. Prices are falling, battery range is rising and mainstream brands are adding new EVs at a breakneck pace.
Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know:
1. The price to install a 240v charger
Anybody who owns an electric vehicle needs a 240-volt charger at home. With one, you can recharge overnight, so you start every day with the equivalent of a full tank.
Just a few years ago, home 240v EV chargers cost $2,500-$3,000, including installation, but prices have declined as competition grows with the number of EVs on the road.
2. The time it takes to charge
About 80% of miles driven in EVs are powered by electricity charged at home, but you’ll need to charge elsewhere occasionally. That’s when charging time becomes a big deal, but how long it takes depends on a couple of factors.
First, voltage from the charger. Getting 250 miles of range in seven hours from a 240v charger is fine when you’re charging overnight at home, but it’s a deal breaker if you’re going 300 miles for a weekend getaway. In that case, you’ll want to look for a 400v DC fast charger. They’re not as common as 240v public chargers yet, but they’re becoming more widespread.
There’s another factor: the on-board charger. It regulates how fast the battery can accept electricity. A vehicle with a higher-capacity on-board charger accepts electricity faster.
3. Where to charge
Good route-planning apps will help you find chargers on a road trip.
“Most people have no idea how many public charging stations are within, say, a 10-or 15-mile radius(半径) because they’re small, people don’t look for them or even don’t know what to look for, and they’re rarely signposted,” said journalist John Voelcker, who has studied EVs and charging exhaustively.
4. On the horizon
If an EV doesn’t meet your needs now, watch this space. They’re coming closer, but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years. Beyond that, companies will keep making spare parts for oil-burners for decades.
40. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The price of installing a home EV charger has remained stable in the past few years.
B. It’s quite easy to identify the public charging stations with the help of striking signposts.
C. Popular brands are introducing new EVs at an incredibly fast rate.
D. An electric vehicle can’t provide the same amount of energy as a completely filled fuel tank.
41. The underlined phrase “watch this space” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A. give up the plan to purchase an EV
B. make space for an EV
C. find an alternative to EV
D. keep an eye out for future developments
42. This passage is mainly intended to ________.
A. illustrate the factors charging time depends on
B. offer advice on purchasing an electric vehicle
C. look forward to the future of electric vehicles
D. explain the reason for the falling prices of electric vehicles
(C)
Flinging brightly coloured objects around a screen at high speed is not what computers’ central processing units were designed for. So manufacturers of arcade machines invented the graphics-processing unit (GPU), a set of circuits to handle video games’ visuals in parallel to the work done by the central processor. The GPU’s ability to speed up complex tasks has since found wider uses: video editing, cryptocurrency mining and most recently, the training of artificial intelligence.
AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most, argues Andreessen Horowitz, a venture-capital (VC) firm. Games interactivity requires them to be stuffed with laboriously designed content: consider the 30 square miles of landscape or 60 hours of music in “Red Dead Redemption 2”, a recent cowboy adventure. Enlisting AI assistants to churn it out could drastically shrink timescales and budgets.
AI represents an “explosion of opportunity” and could drastically change the landscape of game development. Making a game is already easier than it was: nearly 13,000 titles were published last year on Steam, a games platform, almost double the number in 2017. Gaming may soon resemble the music and video industries in which most new content on Spotify or YouTube is user-generated. One games executive predicts that small firms will be the quickest to work out what new genres are made possible by AI. Last month Raja Koduri, an executive at Intel, left the chip maker to found an AI-gaming startup.
Don’t count the big studios out, though. If they can release half a dozen high-quality titles a year instead of a couple, it might chip away at the hit-driven nature of their business, says Josh Chapman of Konvoy, a gaming focused VC firm. A world of more choices also favors those with big marketing budgets. And the giants may have better answers to the mounting copyright questions around AI. If generative models have to be trained on data to which the developer has the rights, those with big back-catalogues will be better placed than startups. Trent Kaniuga, an artist who has worked on games like “Fortnite”, said last month that several clients had updated their contracts to ban AI-generated art.
If the lawyers don’t intervene, unions might. Studios diplomatically refer to AI assistants as “co-pilots”, not replacements for humans.
43. The original purpose behind the invention of the graphics-processing unit (GPU) was to ________.
A. speed up complex tasks in video editing and cryptocurrency mining
B. assist in the developing and training of artificial intelligence
C. disrupt the industry and create new outputs using generative AI
D. offload game visual tasks from the central processor
44. How might the rise of AI-gaming startups affect the development of the gaming industry
A. It contributes to the growth of user-generated content.
B. It facilitates blockbuster dependency on big studios.
C. It decreases collaboration between different stakeholders in the industry.
D. It may help to consolidate the gaming market under major corporations.
45. What can be inferred about the role of artificial intelligence in gaming
A. AI favors the businesses with small marketing budgets.
B. AI is expected to simplify game development processes.
C. AI allows startups to gain an edge over big firms with authorized data.
D. AI assistants may serve as human substitutes for studios.
46. What is this passage mainly about
A. The evolution of graphics-processing units (GPUs).
B. The impact of generative AI on the gaming industry.
C. The societal significance of graphics-processing units (GPUs).
D. The challenges generative AI presents to gaming studios.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Time to end Santa’s “naughty list”
Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition
I was — and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me
___47___ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.
I guess it’s not all that surprising. ___48___ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. ___49___
The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. ___50___ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”
A. But the biggest danger is the anti-critical thinking lessons that he is teaching.
B. It’s this emphasis on belief over imagination that he sees as harmful.
C. Interestingly, belief in Santa Claus has actually promoted children’s critical thinking.
D. There are plenty of cultural evidences we create for the existence of Santa.
E. He begins to probe and question the things he has seen and heard.
F. Fascinatingly, belief in Santa Claus has remained remarkably consistent.
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Exploring the Appeal of Vintage
Today, the term “vintage” applies to almost everything. Vintage is more recent than an antique (古董) which is defined as 100 years old or more. It basically means reviving something old-fashioned or filled with memories. For an object to be considered vintage, it must be unique and genuine enough to retain at least some of its original charm.
We buy vintage because it creates a sense of personal connection for us: it speaks to our childhood memories and that feels good. We also buy vintage because we’re rebels. Vintage is a protest against modern mainstream culture. In an age of technology, buying vintage is a refuge from our fast-paced, high-tech world. We want our children to make the most of their creativity and know how to entertain themselves without electronic gadgets. Ironically, early video games are now considered vintage.
Of all the vintage objects, vintage toys are forever attractive for both adults and children. Although some toys have emotional value, others have high market value and are expensive to collect. Vintage toys that were made in small quantities often bring a higher value than those that were mass produced. That means, if you own one of the 2,000 “Peanuts” royal blue beanie baby elephants that were manufactured with a darker blue coat than originally intended, you might have something valuable on your hands. In fact, due to a manufacturer error, this is the most collectible beanie baby around — and worth about 3,000.
If you’re motivated and feeling lucky, you can find deals on vintage toys by browsing charity shops, secondhand stores, community centers, flea markets and garage sales. You never know what kind of treasures are hiding at the bottom of a mixed box in someone’s basement, garage or attic.
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第II卷(共40分)
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 他在升旗仪式上的演讲得到了高声喝彩。(greet) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
53. 尽管现代娱乐方式五花八门，我还是深深着迷于中国传统的茶文化。(although) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
54. 这个人口众多，幅员辽阔，物资丰富国家给我留下了深刻的印象。(impression) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
55. 这款高科技智能机器人可以自主学习，智能识别并适应不同环境，确保高效、准确地完成各项任务。(ensure) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学李华，你校艺术节即将举办主题为“最美瞬间”的摄影展，捕捉“热爱生活、积极向上、全面发展”等正能量的精彩瞬间。现邀请每位同学提供自己生活中的一张照片参展，并撰写摄影作品的介绍供参观者阅读。你打算提供什么样的照片？请写一篇短文作为参展摄影作品的介绍，内容包括：
1) 对该照片的简要描述；
2) 你选择该照片参展的理由。
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听力 1—5 DABCD 6—10 DBCCB 11—15 CDBCB 16—20 DABCA2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模
英语试卷
(完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分)
考生注意：
1. 试卷满分140分，完卷时间120分钟。
2. 本调研设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共12页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
第I卷(共100分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a grocery store. B. At a florist’s stand.
C. At a bank counter. D. At an electronic shop.
2. A. Sign up for a fitness class. B. Shop for fitness equipment.
C. Have a fitness test. D. Watch a fitness video.
3. A. Pay the ticket right away. B. Challenge the ticket.
C. Ignore the ticket. D. Apologize to the parking officer.
4. A. She is available on Saturday. B. She will cancel her dentist appointment.
C. She can not cover the man’s shift. D. She forgot about the shift.
5. A. The woman had better give him an extension on the deadline.
B. The woman had better draft the proposal by herself.
C. The woman had better approve the proposal.
D. The woman had better give insights on the budget section.
6. A. She doesn’t like animals from the shelter.
B. She prefers buying pets from breeders.
C. She thinks adopting a pet is a bad idea.
D. She supports the idea of adopting a pet.
7. A. Either of them is an experienced chef.
B. Both of them have experienced failures in the kitchen.
C. Neither of them are fond of cooking.
D. Both of them are concerned about the new recipe.
8. A. Bungee jumping is safe.
B. Bungee jumping is thrilling.
C. Bungee jumping might have risks.
D. Bungee jumping is sure to be regrettable.
9. A. The man should borrow the book several days later.
B. The woman urgently needs the book back.
C. The man does not need to return the book quickly.
D. The woman is unwilling to lend the man the book.
10. A. The woman’s parents will not appreciate a surprise party.
B. The woman should prioritize her parents’ preferences for the party.
C. The man dislikes the idea of a surprise party.
D. The woman should plan a party based on her own preferences.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.
11. A. A pupil in need of help. B. A person promising to donate money.
C. A member from a charity. D. A teacher in the Semira Region.
12. A. 10%. B. 35%. C. 50%. D. 65%.
13. A. To train teachers for the disabled. B. To help a pupil with special needs.
C. To pay for a walking holiday. D. To organize a charity club for the disabled.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. To distract other students from doing well.
B. To impress his friends with the shining ring.
C. To improve his chances in the exam.
D. To honor his grandfather by wearing a ring.
15. A. By having enough time for breaks.
B. By breaking down learning into portions.
C. By informing teachers of the study habits.
D By wearing lucky objects.
16. A. Start revision ahead of time.
B. Reward oneself during revision.
C. Consider different learning styles.
D. Stay up late for the exam.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To inquire about travel recommendations.
B. To discuss cultural festivals in Southeast Asia.
C. To plan a solo travel adventure to Thailand.
D. To learn about Mr. Patel’s travel experiences.
18. A. Europe and Africa. B. Thailand and Vietnam.
C. South America and Australia. D. Japan and China.
19. A. Solely cultural exploration.
B. Primarily outdoor adventures.
C. A mix of cultural and outdoor experiences.
D. Luxurious and private accommodations.
20. A. It is ideal for meeting fellow travelers.
B. It offers exclusive travel experiences.
C. It is a more comfortable and secure stay.
D. It offers authentic cultural immersion.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Beethov-hen’s first symphony
On a grey Friday morning at a Hawke’s Bay farm, members of New Zealand’s symphony orchestra dressed in black to perform their latest composition in front of a large crowd.
The music contained many marks of traditional classical music, but as it began, the instruments started to make loud, rough sounds more commonly ___1___ (hear) in chicken coops than in an auditorium.
However, no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition, ___2___ the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.
The piece of music – Chook Symphony No.1 – ___3___ (create) specifically for the birds out of an unlikely partnership between the orchestra and an organic free-range chicken farm which wanted a piece of chicken-friendly music to enrich its flocks’ lives.
“We’ve been playing classical music for the chickens for some years now because ___4___ is well researched that the music can calm the chickens down,” says Ben Bostock, one of the two brothers who ___5___ (own) the Bostock Brothers farm.
Research has shown animals can respond positively to classical music, and chickens are particularly responsive to baroque (巴洛克风格), according to some studies.
The composer, Hamish Oliver, ___6___ used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from composers such as Corelli, Bach, and Schnittke, wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s world. “The trumpet imitates the chicken… the woodwind instruments are the cluckiest, especially if you take the reeds off.”
The early stages of composition were spent ___7___ (test) out which instruments and sounds the chickens responded to best.
“They didn’t like any big banging,” Bostock said, adding that when the birds respond positively to the music, they tend ___8___ (wander) farther among the trees. Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use the piece of music to calm their own birds.
For Oliver, having input from the farmers about ___9___ the chickens were responding to particular sounds and instruments was a highlight of the project.
The symphony has searched exhaustively ___10___ any other examples of orchestras making music specifically for chickens and believes this to be a world-first, says Peter Biggs, the orchestra’s chief executive.
【答案】1. heard
2. as##because
3. was created
4. it 5. own
6. who 7. testing
8. to wander
9. how 10. for
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了为鸡演奏古典音乐的研究和实践。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐中包含了许多传统古典音乐的痕迹，但随着音乐的开始，乐器开始发出响亮而粗糙的声音，这种声音更常见于鸡舍而不是礼堂。分析句子可知，sounds为名词，空处修饰名词作定语，sounds与hear构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填heard。
【2题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，没有人对这种与传统的背离感到愤怒，因为上周聚集在一起听音乐会的观众实际上是几千只鸡。根据no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition（没有人对这种与传统的背离感到愤怒）及the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.（因为上周聚集在一起听音乐会的观众实际上是几千只鸡）可知，后面说明前文没有观众愤怒的原因，为原因状语从句，用从属连词as/because引导。故填as/because。
【3题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：这首名为《Chook Symphony No.1》的音乐是专门为鸡创作的，这是管弦乐队和一家有机自由养鸡场之间不太可能的合作关系，这家养鸡场想要一首对鸡友好的音乐来丰富鸡群的生活。分析句子可知，空处缺少该句的谓语，主语The piece of music与create为被动关系，且创造曲子这件事发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填was created。
【4题详解】
考查it的用法。句意：博斯托克兄弟农场的两兄弟之一本·博斯托克说：“我们给鸡放古典音乐已经有几年了，因为有充分的研究表明，音乐可以让鸡安静下来。”分析句子可知，that the music can calm the chickens down为句子的真正主语，后置，空处用it充当形式主语。故填it。
【5题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，who引导限制性定语从句，先行词为brothers，复数，作从句的主语，结合句意可知，“拥有鸡舍”是客观事实，用一般现在时，动词用原形。故填own。
【6题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作曲家哈米什·奥利弗(Hamish Oliver)以巴洛克传统为出发点，从科雷利(Corelli)、巴赫(Bach)和施尼特克(Schnittke)等作曲家那里汲取灵感，他希望这首曲子能通过加入鸡的世界的声音而变得有趣。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hamish Oliver，表示人，关系词作从句主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作曲的早期阶段是用来测试鸡对哪种乐器和声音反应最好。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，空处应用动名词。故填testing。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博斯托克说：“它们不喜欢大的撞击声。”他补充说，当鸟儿对音乐做出积极反应时，它们往往会在树林里飞得更远。tend to do意思为：往往，倾向于做，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to wander。
【9题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：对奥利弗来说，从农民那里了解鸡对特定声音和乐器的反应是这个项目的一大亮点。分析句子可知，空处前面为介词about，其后为宾语从句，从句主要成分完整，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何作出反应”，用how引导。故填how。
【10题详解】
考查介词。句意：交响乐团首席执行官彼得 比格斯(Peter Biggs)说，交响乐团已经竭尽全力寻找其他乐团专门为鸡创作音乐的例子，并相信这是世界上第一次。search for为固定短语，意思为：寻找。故填for。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. army B. available C. displayed D. reserves E. straight F. inserted G. additional H. advocates I. initiative J. proven K. existing
A new way to reduce poaching
Researchers are working on a pilot program backed by Russia’s Rosatom Corp to inject rhino horns (犀牛角) with radioactive material, a strategy that could discourage consumption and make it easier to detect illegal trade.
Poachers (偷猎者) killed 394 rhinos in South Africa for their horns last year, government data shows, with public and private game ___11___ lacking the resources needed to monitor vast tracts of land and protect the animals that live there. While the toll was a third lower than in 2019 and the sixth ___12___ drop, illegal hunting remains the biggest threat to about 20,000 of the animals in the country — the world’s biggest population.
Thousands of ___13___ sensors along international borders could be used to detect a small quantity of radioactive material ___14___ into the horns, according to James Larkin, a professor at the University of Witswatersrand in Johannesburg, who has a background in radiation protection and nuclear security. “A whole new ___15___ of people could be able to detect the illegal movement of rhino horn,” he said. Some alternate methods of discouraging poaching, including poisoning, dyeing and removing the horns, have raised a variety of opinions as to their virtue and efficacy.
Known as The Rhisotope Project, the new anti-poaching ___16___ started earlier this month with the injection of an amino acid (氨基酸) into two rhinos’ horns in order to detect whether the compound will move into the animals’ bodies. Also, ___17___ studies using computer modeling and a replica rhino head will be done to determine a safe dose of radioactive material. Rhino horn is used in traditional medicine, as it is believed to cure disease such as cancer, ___18___ as a show of wealth and given as gifts.
“If we make it radioactive, these people will be hesitant to buy it,” Larkin said. “We’re pushing on the whole supply chain.”
Besides Russia’s state-owned nuclear company, the University of Witwatersrand, scientists and private rhino owners are involved in the project. If the method is ___19___ feasible, it could also be used to curb illegal trade in elephant ivory.
“Once we have developed the whole project and got to the point where we completed the proof of concept, then we will be making this whole idea ____20____ to whoever wants to use it,” Larkin said.
【答案】11. D 12. E
13. K 14. F
15 A 16. I
17. G 18. C
19. J 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍减少偷猎的新方法。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：政府数据显示，去年，偷猎者在南非杀死了394头犀牛，因为公共和私人狩猎保护区缺乏监测大片土地和保护生活在那里的动物所需的资源。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词reserves，意为“保护区”，作宾语。故选D。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管死亡人数比2019年减少了三分之一，连续第六次下降，但非法狩猎仍然是该国约2万只动物的最大威胁，该国是世界上人口最多的国家。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词straight，意为“连续的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词drop。故选E。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：约翰内斯堡Witswatersrand大学教授詹姆斯·拉金（James Larkin）具有辐射防护和核安全背景，他表示，国际边境上数千个现有的传感器可以用来检测插入喇叭的少量放射性物质。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词existing，意为“现存的”，作作定语，修饰后面的名词sensors。故选K。
【14题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要过去分词inserted，意为“被插入的”，表示被动，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词短语a small quantity of radioactive material。故选F。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说：“一支全新的队伍能够发现犀牛角的非法活动。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词army，意为“队伍”，作主语。故选A。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：这项名为Rh同位素项目的新反偷猎倡议于本月早些时候开始，向两头犀牛的角注射一种氨基酸，以检测这种化合物是否会进入犀牛的体内。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词initiative，意为“倡议”，作主语。故选I。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，还将使用计算机建模和犀牛头复制品进行额外的研究，以确定放射性物质的安全剂量。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词additional，意为“额外的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词studies。故选G。
【18题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：犀牛角被用于传统医学，因为它被认为可以治愈癌症等疾病，作为财富的象征和礼物。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要过去分词displayed，意为“被展示”，作后置定语。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：如果这种方法被证明是可行的，它也可以用来遏制象牙的非法贸易。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要过去分词proven，意为“被证明”，作表语。故选J。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：拉金说：“一旦我们开发了整个项目，并完成了概念验证，那么我们将向任何想使用它的人提供整个想法。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词available，意为“可用的”，作补语。故选B。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
City air is in a sorry state. It is dirty and hot. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2m people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac, meanwhile, absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also ___21___ plants which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration (蒸腾作用). The never-ceasing ___22___ of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.
A possible answer to the twin problems of pollution and heat is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants and they certainly ___23___ tiny particles floating in the air, which are then washed to the ground by rain. Besides transpiration, they provide ___24___.
To cool an area effectively, trees must be planted in quantity. Two years ago, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree ___25___ to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities — and especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries — are ___26___ with parks, private gardens or a sufficient number of street trees. And the problem is likely to get worse. At the moment, 55% of people live in cities. By 2050 that share is expected to reach 68%.
One group of botanists believe they have at least a partial ___27___ to this lack of urban vegetation. It is to plant miniature simulacra (模拟物) of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth. Over the course of a career that began in the 1950s, their leader, Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yokohama National University in Japan, has developed a way to do this starting with even the most ___28___ deserted areas. And the Miyawaki method is finding increasing ___29___ around the world.
Dr Miyawaki’s insight was to deconstruct and rebuild the process of ecological succession, by which ___30___ land develops naturally into mature forest. Usually, the first arrival is grass, followed by small trees and, finally, larger ones. The Miyawaki method ___31___ some of the early phases and jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.
Dr Miyawaki has ___32___ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Wherever they are planting, though, gardeners are not restricted to ___33___ nature’s recipe book to the letter. Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements. A popular choice, ___34___, is to include more fruit trees than a natural forest might support, thus creating an orchard that requires no maintenance.
If your goal is to better your ___35___ surroundings, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr Miyawaki might well be your man.
21.
A. thrive B. nourish C. displace D. raise
22.
A. assessment B. maintenance C. spread D. replacement
23.
A. release B. trap C. reflect D. dissolve
24.
A. attraction B. shadow C. interaction D. shade
25.
A. consumption B. coverage C. interval D. conservation
26.
A. blessed B. lined C. piled D. fascinated
27.
A. treatment B. obstacle C. warning D. solution
28.
A. unnoticed B. unpromising C. untested D. unfading
29.
A. criticism B. favor C. sponsor D. anxiety
30.
A. bare B. graceful C. faint D. mysterious
31.
A. highlights B. skips C. improves D. pushes
32.
A. accessed B. spotted C. supervised D. ranked
33.
A. disturbing B. balancing C. following D. reducing
34.
A. for example B. in essence C. on the other hand D. after all
35.
A. suburban B. leisure C. scenic D. immediate
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于城市的空气质量不好，而且建筑物和道路无休止扩建将城区变成热岛，居民感到不适并加剧热浪，从而指出增加植被覆盖率是解决城市空气污染和缓解城市热岛效应的答案。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，混凝土和柏油路面会吸收太阳光而非将其反射回太空，并且取代了原本可以通过蒸发蒸腾来降温的植物。A. thrive繁荣；B. nourish滋养；C. displace取代；D. raise提出。根据下文“which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration”可知，混凝土和柏油路面取代了原本可以通过蒸发蒸腾来降温的植物。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，建筑物和道路的无休止扩张将城市变成了热岛，给居民带来不适，并加剧了危险的热浪。A. assessment评估；B. maintenance维修；C. spread扩展；D. replacement取代。根据下文“thus turns urban areas into heat islands,”可知，建筑物和道路的无休止扩张将城市变成了热岛。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：树叶或许可以消除至少一部分化学污染物，而且确实能捕获空气中漂浮的微粒，随后这些微粒随雨水降落到地面。A. release释放；B. trap捕捉；C. reflect反映；D. dissolve溶解。根据空后“tiny particles floating in the air”可知，树叶能捕获空气中漂浮的微粒。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了蒸腾作用，它们还能提供阴凉。A. attraction吸引；B. shadow影子；C. interaction相互作用；D. shade阴凉处。根据空前“Besides transpiration, they provide”可知，树木除了蒸腾作用，还能提供阴凉。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年前，威斯康星大学的研究人员发现，美国城市需要达到40%的树木覆盖率才能显著减少城市高温。A. consumption消耗；B. coverage覆盖率；C. interval间隔；D. conservation保护。根据空后“to cut urban heat back meaningfully.”可知，美国城市需要达到40% 的树木覆盖率才能显著减少城市高温。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，并非所有城市——尤其是那些在世界低收入和中等收入国家崭露头角的城市——都有幸有公园、私人花园或足够数量的行道树。A. blessed使有幸得到；B. lined沿……形成行(或列、排)；C. piled堆放；D. fascinated使入迷。根据上文“especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries ”可知，并非所有城市都有幸享有公园、私人花园或足够数量的行道树，be blessed with“有幸得到；幸运地享有”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一组植物学家认为他们找到了至少部分解决城市植被匮乏问题的办法。A. treatment治疗；B. obstacle障碍；C. warning警告；D. solution解决办法。根据下文“It is to plant miniature simulacra of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth.”可知，植物学家认为他们找到了办法至少可以部分解决城市植被匮乏问题。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪50年代开始职业生涯中，他们的领导者，日本横滨国立大学的植物生态学家Miyawaki Akira，已经找到了一种方法来做到这一点，甚至从最没有希望的荒芜地区开始。A. unnoticed未被注意到的；B. unpromising没有希望的；C. untested未经测试的；D. unfading永不褪色的。根据空后“deserted areas.”可知，他们从最没有希望的荒芜地区开始。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：宫胁法在全球范围内日益受到喜爱。A. criticism批判主义；B. favor喜爱；C. sponsor资助；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“Dr Miyawaki has ___12___ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world.”可知，宫胁法在全球范围内日益受到喜爱。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梅耶瓦基博士的见解是解构和重建生态演替过程，通过这个过程，光秃的的土地自然发展成成熟的森林。A. bare光秃的；B. graceful优雅的；C. faint微弱的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据空后“land develops naturally into mature forest.”可知，光秃的的土地自然发展成成熟的森林。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅耶瓦基方法跳过了某些早期阶段，直接种植成熟林中所见的物种类型。A. highlights强调；B. skips跳过；C. improves提高；D. pushes推。根据下文“jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.”可知，梅耶瓦基方法跳过了某些早期阶段。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅耶瓦基博士已指导种植超过1500座这类微型森林，起先在日本，然后推广到世界其他地区。A. accessed使用；B. spotted发现；C. supervised指导；D. ranked排名。根据空后“the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world.”可知，梅耶瓦基博士推广自己的方法，已指导种植超过1500座这类微型森林。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不论在哪里植树造林，园丁们不必拘泥于完全遵照大自然的法则。A. disturbing打扰；B. balancing平衡；C. following遵循；D. reducing减少。根据下文“Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements.”可知，梅耶瓦基森林可以依当地需求量身打造，园丁们不必拘泥于完全遵照大自然的法则。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，一项热门选择是栽植比天然林所能负荷更多的果树，从而创造出一座无需维护的果园。A. for example例如；B. in essence本质上；C. on the other hand另一方面；D. after all毕竟。根据上文“Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements.”可知，空处需要一个短语来引导例子，以说明梅耶瓦基森林如何根据当地需求进行定制。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：若你的目标是改善附近环境而非从全球暖化中拯救地球，那么梅耶瓦基博士或许正是你需要的人物。A. suburban郊区的；B. leisure闲暇的；C. scenic风景优美的；D. immediate附近的。根据下文“rather than to save the planet from global warming”可知，你的目标是改善附近环境而非从全球暖化中拯救地球。故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
From Marie Tussaud’s Chamber of Horrors to Disneyland’s Haunted Mansion (鬼屋) to horror-themed escape rooms, haunted house attractions have terrified and delighted audiences around the world for more than 200 years.
These attractions turn out to be good places to study fear. They help scientists understand the body’s response to fright and how we perceive some situations as enjoyably thrilling and others as truly terrible. One surprising finding: having friends close at hand in a haunted house might make you more jumpy, not less so.
Psychologist and study co-author Sarah Tashjian, who is now at the University of Melbourne, and her team conducted their research with 156 adults, who each wore a wireless wrist sensor during their visit. The sensor measured skin responses linked to the body’s reactions to stress and other situations. When the sensor picked up, for example, greater skin conductance — that is, the degree to which the skin can transmit an electric current — that was a sign that the body was more aroused and ready for fight or flight. In addition to this measure, people reported their expected fear (on a scale of 1 to 10) before entering the haunted house and their experienced fear (on the same scale) after completing the haunt.
The scientists found that people who reported greater fear also showed heightened skin responses. Being with friends, Tashjian and her colleagues further found, increased physiological arousal during the experience, which was linked to stronger feelings of fright. In fact, the fear response was actually weaker when people went through the house in the presence of strangers.
Other investigators have used haunted houses to understand how fear and enjoyment can coexist. In a 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen, a member of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark, scientists joined forces with Dystopia Haunted House. The Danish attraction includes such terrifying experiences as being chased by “Mr. Piggy”, a large, chain-saw-wielding man wearing a bloody butcher’s apron and pig mask. People between the ages of 12 and 57 were video recorded at peak moments during the attraction, wore heart-rate monitors throughout and reported on their experience. People’s fright was tied to large-scale heart-rate fluctuations; their enjoyment was linked to small-scale ones. The results suggest that fear and enjoyment can happen together when physiological arousal is balanced “just right”.
36. Studying haunted house attractions helps scientists to learn about ________.
A. the psychological effects of fear on individuals
B. the history of horror-themed entertainment
C. the body’s response to material rewards
D. the impact of technology on people’s enjoyment
37. How did Sarah Tashjian and her team conduct their research on haunted house experiences
A. By surveying participants. B. By analyzing historical records.
C. By employing wireless wrist sensors. D. By using virtual reality simulations.
38. What did Tashjian and her colleagues discover in their study
A. Being with friends elevated level of physiological arousal.
B. The fear reaction was stronger in the company of strangers.
C. Psychological effect was unrelated to intensified feelings of fright.
D. Those reporting lightened fear showed increased skin responses.
39. It can be concluded from the 2020 study led by Marc Malmdorf Andersen that ________.
A. fear and enjoyment can not happen at the same time
B. large-scale heart-rate fluctuations were linked to enjoyment
C. the age of the participants was not related to the study’s findings
D. fear and enjoyment can coexist under certain conditions
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鬼屋景点帮助科学家了解恐惧对个体的心理影响，一项研究发现，在鬼屋景点里，身边有朋友可能会导致人更加紧张。另一项研究发现，当生理刺激“恰到好处”地平衡时，恐惧和快乐可以同时发生。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“These attractions turn out to be good places to study fear. They help scientists understand the body’s response to fright and how we perceive some situations as enjoyably thrilling and others as truly terrible. (事实证明，这些景点是研究恐惧的好地方。它们帮助科学家了解身体对恐惧的反应，以及我们如何将某些情况视为令人愉快的刺激，而另一些情况则是真正可怕的)”可知，研究鬼屋景点帮助科学家了解恐惧对个体的心理影响。故选A项。
37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Psychologist and study co-author Sarah Tashjian, who is now at the University of Melbourne, and her team conducted their research with 156 adults, who each wore a wireless wrist sensor during their visit. The sensor measured skin responses linked to the body’s reactions to stress and other situations. (目前在墨尔本大学工作的心理学家、研究报告的合著者Sarah Tashjian和她的团队对156名成年人进行了研究，在参观期间他们每人都戴上了无线手腕传感器。传感器测量皮肤对压力和其他情况的反应)”可知，Sarah Tashjian和她的团队通过使用无线手腕传感器对鬼屋体验进行了研究。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Being with friends, Tashjian and her colleagues further found, increased physiological arousal during the experience, which was linked to stronger feelings of fright. (Tashjian和她的同事进一步发现，与朋友在一起时，生理上的刺激水平会增加，这与更强烈的恐惧感有关)”可知，Tashjian和她的同事发现和朋友在一起会提高生理刺激水平。故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The results suggest that fear and enjoyment can happen together when physiological arousal is balanced “just right”. (结果表明，当生理刺激“恰到好处”地平衡时，恐惧和快乐可以同时发生)”可知，这项2020年的研究表明恐惧和快乐在一定条件下可以共存。故选D项。
(B)
Is an electric vehicle right for you
Many people will ask themselves that question for the first time this year. Prices are falling, battery range is rising and mainstream brands are adding new EVs at a breakneck pace.
Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know:
1. The price to install a 240v charger
Anybody who owns an electric vehicle needs a 240-volt charger at home. With one, you can recharge overnight, so you start every day with the equivalent of a full tank.
Just a few years ago, home 240v EV chargers cost $2,500-$3,000, including installation, but prices have declined as competition grows with the number of EVs on the road.
2. The time it takes to charge
About 80% of miles driven in EVs are powered by electricity charged at home, but you’ll need to charge elsewhere occasionally. That’s when charging time becomes a big deal, but how long it takes depends on a couple of factors.
First, voltage from the charger. Getting 250 miles of range in seven hours from a 240v charger is fine when you’re charging overnight at home, but it’s a deal breaker if you’re going 300 miles for a weekend getaway. In that case, you’ll want to look for a 400v DC fast charger. They’re not as common as 240v public chargers yet, but they’re becoming more widespread.
There’s another factor: the on-board charger. It regulates how fast the battery can accept electricity. A vehicle with a higher-capacity on-board charger accepts electricity faster.
3. Where to charge
Good route-planning apps will help you find chargers on a road trip.
“Most people have no idea how many public charging stations are within, say, a 10-or 15-mile radius(半径) because they’re small, people don’t look for them or even don’t know what to look for, and they’re rarely signposted,” said journalist John Voelcker, who has studied EVs and charging exhaustively.
4. On the horizon
If an EV doesn’t meet your needs now, watch this space. They’re coming closer, but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years. Beyond that, companies will keep making spare parts for oil-burners for decades.
40. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The price of installing a home EV charger has remained stable in the past few years.
B. It’s quite easy to identify the public charging stations with the help of striking signposts.
C. Popular brands are introducing new EVs at an incredibly fast rate.
D. An electric vehicle can’t provide the same amount of energy as a completely filled fuel tank.
41. The underlined phrase “watch this space” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A. give up the plan to purchase an EV
B. make space for an EV
C. find an alternative to EV
D. keep an eye out for future developments
42. This passage is mainly intended to ________.
A. illustrate the factors charging time depends on
B. offer advice on purchasing an electric vehicle
C. look forward to the future of electric vehicles
D. explain the reason for the falling prices of electric vehicles
【答案】40. C 41. D 42. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。旨在为读者提供购买电动汽车前需要了解的三个重要知识点。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Many people will ask themselves that question for the first time this year. Prices are falling, battery range is rising and mainstream brands are adding new EVs at a breakneck pace.(今年，很多人会第一次问自己这个问题。价格在下降，电池续航里程在增加，主流品牌正在以惊人的速度增加新的电动汽车)”可知，热门品牌正以令人难以置信的速度推出新的电动汽车。故选C项。
【41题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“If an EV doesn’t meet your needs now(如果电动汽车现在还不能满足你的需求)”以及后文“They’re coming closer, but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years.(他们离目标越来越近了，但大量的汽油车仍将持续生产多年)”可知，电车离目标越来越近了，所以如果电动汽车现在还不能满足你的需求，就持续关注它的未来，直到达到目标，推知watch this space意为“关注未来的发展”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know:(任何认真考虑购买电动汽车的人都应该知道以下三点)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了购买电动汽车前需要了解的三个重要知识点，也就是提供购买电动汽车的建议。故选B项。
(C)
Flinging brightly coloured objects around a screen at high speed is not what computers’ central processing units were designed for. So manufacturers of arcade machines invented the graphics-processing unit (GPU), a set of circuits to handle video games’ visuals in parallel to the work done by the central processor. The GPU’s ability to speed up complex tasks has since found wider uses: video editing, cryptocurrency mining and most recently, the training of artificial intelligence.
AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most, argues Andreessen Horowitz, a venture-capital (VC) firm. Games interactivity requires them to be stuffed with laboriously designed content: consider the 30 square miles of landscape or 60 hours of music in “Red Dead Redemption 2”, a recent cowboy adventure. Enlisting AI assistants to churn it out could drastically shrink timescales and budgets.
AI represents an “explosion of opportunity” and could drastically change the landscape of game development. Making a game is already easier than it was: nearly 13,000 titles were published last year on Steam, a games platform, almost double the number in 2017. Gaming may soon resemble the music and video industries in which most new content on Spotify or YouTube is user-generated. One games executive predicts that small firms will be the quickest to work out what new genres are made possible by AI. Last month Raja Koduri, an executive at Intel, left the chip maker to found an AI-gaming startup.
Don’t count the big studios out, though. If they can release half a dozen high-quality titles a year instead of a couple, it might chip away at the hit-driven nature of their business, says Josh Chapman of Konvoy, a gaming focused VC firm. A world of more choices also favors those with big marketing budgets. And the giants may have better answers to the mounting copyright questions around AI. If generative models have to be trained on data to which the developer has the rights, those with big back-catalogues will be better placed than startups. Trent Kaniuga, an artist who has worked on games like “Fortnite”, said last month that several clients had updated their contracts to ban AI-generated art.
If the lawyers don’t intervene, unions might. Studios diplomatically refer to AI assistants as “co-pilots”, not replacements for humans.
43. The original purpose behind the invention of the graphics-processing unit (GPU) was to ________.
A. speed up complex tasks in video editing and cryptocurrency mining
B. assist in the developing and training of artificial intelligence
C. disrupt the industry and create new outputs using generative AI
D. offload game visual tasks from the central processor
44. How might the rise of AI-gaming startups affect the development of the gaming industry
A. It contributes to the growth of user-generated content.
B. It facilitates blockbuster dependency on big studios.
C. It decreases collaboration between different stakeholders in the industry.
D. It may help to consolidate the gaming market under major corporations.
45. What can be inferred about the role of artificial intelligence in gaming
A. AI favors the businesses with small marketing budgets.
B. AI is expected to simplify game development processes.
C. AI allows startups to gain an edge over big firms with authorized data.
D. AI assistants may serve as human substitutes for studios.
46. What is this passage mainly about
A. The evolution of graphics-processing units (GPUs).
B. The impact of generative AI on the gaming industry.
C. The societal significance of graphics-processing units (GPUs).
D. The challenges generative AI presents to gaming studios.
【答案】43. D 44. A 45. B 46. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能对游戏产业带来的影响，人工智能有望简化游戏开发过程，可以被用来创造新的游戏内容，并且可能改变游戏开发的格局。小型公司可能会更快地意识到人工智能可能带来的新机遇，但大型工作室也能够利用人工智能技术来增强他们的业务。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Flinging brightly coloured objects around a screen at high speed is not what computers’ central processing units were designed for. So manufacturers of arcade machines invented the graphics-processing unit (GPU), a set of circuits to handle video games’ visuals in parallel to the work done by the central processor. (在屏幕上高速抛出色彩鲜艳的物体并不是计算机中央处理器的设计目的。因此，大型机台制造商发明了图形处理器(GPU)，这是一组电路，可以在中央处理器完成工作的同时处理视频游戏的视觉效果)”可知，发明图形处理器最初的目的是将游戏视觉任务从中央处理器中转移出来。故选D项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Gaming may soon resemble the music and video industries in which most new content on Spotify or YouTube is user-generated. One games executive predicts that small firms will be the quickest to work out what new genres are made possible by AI. (游戏行业可能很快就会像音乐和视频行业一样，Spotify或YouTube上的大多数新内容都是用户生成的。一位游戏行业高管预测，小型公司将最快发现人工智能可能带来的新类型)”可知，人工智能游戏初创公司的崛起可能会促进用户生成内容的增长。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. (娱乐的每个部分都将受到生成式人工智能的影响，它可以消化文本、图像、音频或视频的输入，以创造相同的新输出)”和“Games interactivity requires them to be stuffed with laboriously designed content: consider the 30 square miles of landscape or 60 hours of music in “Red Dead Redemption 2”, a recent cowboy adventure. Enlisting AI assistants to churn it out could drastically shrink timescales and budgets. (游戏的互动性要求它们充满精心设计的内容：想想最近的牛仔冒险游戏《荒野大镖客2》中30平方英里的风景或60小时的音乐。招募人工智能助手来制作它可以大大缩短时间和预算)”可推知，游戏领域的人工智能有望简化游戏开发过程，节省大量的的时间和投入。故选B项。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“AI is now disrupting the industry that helped bring it into being. Every part of entertainment stands to be affected by generative AI, which digests inputs of text, image, audio or video to create new outputs of the same. But the games business will change the most (人工智能现在正在颠覆帮助它诞生的行业。娱乐的每个部分都将受到生成式人工智能的影响，它可以消化文本、图像、音频或视频的输入，以创造相同的新输出。但变化最大的将是游戏行业)”可知，文章主要围绕生成式人工智能对游戏行业的影响展开，介绍了人工智能有望简化游戏开发过程，可以被用来创造新的游戏内容，并且可能改变游戏开发的格局。小型公司可能会更快地意识到人工智能可能带来的新机遇，但大型工作室也能够利用人工智能技术来增强他们的业务。故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Time to end Santa’s “naughty list”
Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition
I was — and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me
___47___ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.
I guess it’s not all that surprising. ___48___ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. ___49___
The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. ___50___ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”
A. But the biggest danger is the anti-critical thinking lessons that he is teaching.
B. It’s this emphasis on belief over imagination that he sees as harmful.
C. Interestingly, belief in Santa Claus has actually promoted children’s critical thinking.
D. There are plenty of cultural evidences we create for the existence of Santa.
E. He begins to probe and question the things he has seen and heard.
F. Fascinatingly, belief in Santa Claus has remained remarkably consistent.
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“圣诞老人谎言”是否会对孩子造成不良影响的问题。
【47题详解】
根据后文“Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers. (早在1978年，《美国矫形精神病学杂志》上发表的一项研究发现，85%的四岁孩子说他们相信圣诞老人的存在。2011年，发表在《认知与发展杂志》上的一项研究发现，83%的5岁儿童声称自己是真正的信徒。)”可知，后文的两项研究表明，儿童都一致相信圣诞老人的存在。故F选项“有趣的是，对圣诞老人的信仰一直保持着惊人的一致性”符合语境，故选F。
【48题详解】
根据上文“I guess it’s not all that surprising. (我想这没什么好惊讶的。)”以及后文“He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. (他出现在每一部圣诞电视节目和电影中。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释“这没什么好惊讶的”的原因是圣诞老人频繁出现在电视节目和电影中。故D选项“我们为圣诞老人的存在创造了大量的文化证据”符合语境，故选D。
【49题详解】
根据上文“And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. (宾夕法尼亚州国王学院的哲学教授David Kyle Johnson在他的《偷走圣诞节的神话》一书中，将这种努力描述为“圣诞老人的谎言”。这种努力代表父母和整个社会，为圣诞老人的存在创造了看似压倒性的证据。他强调，我们不能简单地让孩子们想象圣诞老人，而是要他们真的相信他。)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续说明David Kyle Johnson对认为圣诞老人真的存在的信念的看法。故B选项“他认为这种强调信念而非想象是有害的。”符合语境，故选B。
【50题详解】
根据上文“The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. (“圣诞老人的谎言”会减少父母和孩子之间的信任。)”以及后文“It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. (制造虚假的证据，让孩子们相信坏的证据实际上是好的证据，这阻碍了我们在这个时代应该鼓励孩子们的批判性思维。)”可知，“圣诞老人的谎言”阻碍了鼓励孩子们进行批判性思维，A选项中the anti-critical thinking对应后文critical thinking。故A选项“但最大的危险是他教授的反批判性思维课程。”符合语境，故选A。
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Exploring the Appeal of Vintage
Today, the term “vintage” applies to almost everything. Vintage is more recent than an antique (古董) which is defined as 100 years old or more. It basically means reviving something old-fashioned or filled with memories. For an object to be considered vintage, it must be unique and genuine enough to retain at least some of its original charm.
We buy vintage because it creates a sense of personal connection for us: it speaks to our childhood memories and that feels good. We also buy vintage because we’re rebels. Vintage is a protest against modern mainstream culture. In an age of technology, buying vintage is a refuge from our fast-paced, high-tech world. We want our children to make the most of their creativity and know how to entertain themselves without electronic gadgets. Ironically, early video games are now considered vintage.
Of all the vintage objects, vintage toys are forever attractive for both adults and children. Although some toys have emotional value, others have high market value and are expensive to collect. Vintage toys that were made in small quantities often bring a higher value than those that were mass produced. That means, if you own one of the 2,000 “Peanuts” royal blue beanie baby elephants that were manufactured with a darker blue coat than originally intended, you might have something valuable on your hands. In fact, due to a manufacturer error, this is the most collectible beanie baby around — and worth about 3,000.
If you’re motivated and feeling lucky, you can find deals on vintage toys by browsing charity shops, secondhand stores, community centers, flea markets and garage sales. You never know what kind of treasures are hiding at the bottom of a mixed box in someone’s basement, garage or attic.
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【答案】One possible version:
Vintage items, newer than antiques, rejuvenate old-fashioned or nostalgic items, necessitating uniqueness and genuine charm. Buying vintage can foster personal connections and reflect rebellion against mainstream culture. Vintage toys hold enduring appeal for both adults and children due to their emotional and market value. Vintage toys can be discovered in various loacations, offering opportunities for treasure hunting.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。它详细地解释了“复古（vintage）”这个概念，包括其定义、人们为什么喜欢复古物品，以及复古玩具的价值和收藏方式。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Vintage is more recent than an antique (古董) which is defined as 100 years old or more.
②For an object to be considered vintage, it must be unique and genuine enough to retain at least some of its original charm.
③We buy vintage because it creates a sense of personal connection for us: it speaks to our childhood memories and that feels good.
④We also buy vintage because we’re rebels.
⑤Of all the vintage objects, vintage toys are forever attractive for both adults and children.
⑥If you’re motivated and feeling lucky, you can find deals on vintage toys by browsing charity shops, secondhand stores, community centers, flea markets and garage sales. You never know what kind of treasures are hiding at the bottom of a mixed box in someone’s basement, garage or attic.
2. 缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，3、4两个要点进行整合，将5、6两个要点进行重组。
3. 遣词造句
Vintage items, newer than antiques, rejuvenate old-fashioned or nostalgic items, necessitating uniqueness and genuine charm.
Vintage toys hold enduring appeal for both adults and children due to their emotional and market value.
Vintage toys can be discovered in various loacations, offering opportunities for treasure hunting.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Buying vintage can foster personal connections and reflect rebellion against mainstream culture. (动名词作主语)
[高分句型2] Vintage toys can be discovered in various loacations, offering opportunities for treasure hunting. (现在分词作结果状语)
第II卷(共40分)
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 他在升旗仪式上的演讲得到了高声喝彩。(greet) (汉译英)
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【答案】His speech at the flag-raising ceremony was greeted with/by loud cheers/applause.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为his speech；表示“在升旗仪式上”短语为at the flag-raising ceremony；表示“受到……”短语为be greeted with/by；表示“高声喝彩”可知短语为loud cheers/applause。为一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为His speech at the flag-raising ceremony was greeted with/by loud cheers/applause.
53. 尽管现代娱乐方式五花八门，我还是深深着迷于中国传统的茶文化。(although) (汉译英)
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【答案】Although there are various modern entertainment options, I am still deeply fascinated by traditional Chinese tea culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句为although引导的让步状语从句，主从句都为一般现在时。娱乐方式五花八门翻译为“various modern entertainment options”，作主语，句子为there be 句型。深深着迷于为be deeply fascinated by，中国传统的茶文化为traditional Chinese tea culture。结合主谓一致，故翻译为：Although there are various modern entertainment options, I am still deeply fascinated by traditional Chinese tea culture.
54. 这个人口众多，幅员辽阔，物资丰富的国家给我留下了深刻的印象。(impression) (汉译英)
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【答案】This country, with its large population, vast territory, and abundant/rich resources, has left a deep impression on me. /This densely populated, vast, and resource-rich country left a deep impression on me.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态，形容词和名词。表示“这个国家”用this country，修饰country用“人口众多，幅员辽阔，物资丰富的”可以用形容词短语densely populated（人口密集的，densely副词修饰populated）, vast（广阔的）, and resource-rich（且物资丰富的）修饰，也可以用with短语后置，译为：with its large population（有大的人口数）, vast territory（广袤的土地）, and abundant/rich resources（和丰富的资源），作定语；表示“给我留下深刻的印象”用leave a deep impression on me，句子描述过去的事情对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，也可以描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为This country, with its large population, vast territory, and abundant/rich resources, has left a deep impression on me. /This densely populated, vast, and resource-rich country left a deep impression on me.
55. 这款高科技智能机器人可以自主学习，智能识别并适应不同环境，确保高效、准确地完成各项任务。(ensure) (汉译英)
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【答案】This high-tech intelligent robot can self-learn/autonomously learn, intelligently recognize, and adapt to different environments, ensuring efficient and accurate completion of various tasks.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词（短语）、副词、非谓语动词以及时态。此句介绍目前机器人的功能，用一般现在时；主语“这款高科技智能机器人”可用名词短语this high-tech intelligent robot；“可以”应用情态动词can；“自主学习”可用动词self-learn，或副词autonomously和动词learn搭配；“智能识别”可用副词intelligently和动词recognize搭配，“适应”可用动词短语adapt to，“不同环境”可用名词短语different environments；“确保高效、准确地完成各项任务”可看作是随着前面谓语行为自然产生的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，“确保”可用动词ensure，“高效、准确地完成各项任务”可理解为“各项任务的高效、准确的完成”，可用名词短语efficient and accurate completion of various tasks。故可译为：This high-tech intelligent robot can self-learn/autonomously learn, intelligently recognize, and adapt to different environments, ensuring efficient and accurate completion of various tasks.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学李华，你校艺术节即将举办主题为“最美瞬间”的摄影展，捕捉“热爱生活、积极向上、全面发展”等正能量的精彩瞬间。现邀请每位同学提供自己生活中的一张照片参展，并撰写摄影作品的介绍供参观者阅读。你打算提供什么样的照片？请写一篇短文作为参展摄影作品的介绍，内容包括：
1) 对该照片的简要描述；
2) 你选择该照片参展的理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
This is a photo depicting a sunrise over a misty mountain peak. In the image, the sun is just peeking over the horizon, casting a warm golden glow across the sky and illuminating the rolling clouds that cling to the mountain slopes.
I chose this photo for the exhibition because it captures a breathtaking moment of natural beauty and serenity. The vibrant colors of the sunrise symbolize hope and new beginnings, reflecting the theme that the art festival seeks to promote. Additionally, the tranquil atmosphere of the scene encourages viewers to pause and appreciate the wonders of nature, fostering a sense of mindfulness and gratitude. The photo invites viewers to connect with their surroundings and find inspiration in the simple joys of everyday life. It serves as a reminder to embrace each moment with enthusiasm and a positive outlook.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，参与学校艺术节即将举办的“最美瞬间”摄影展，为参展摄影作品写一篇介绍，需涵盖简要描述和选择的理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
描绘：depict→portrary
捕捉：capture→catch, seize
象征：symbolize→represent signify
激励某人做某事：encourage sb. to do→motivate sb. to do, inspire sb. to do
培养：foster→cultivate, develop
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This is a photo depicting a sunrise over a misty mountain peak.
拓展句：This is a photo that depicts a sunrise over a misty mountain peak.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In the image, the sun is just peeking over the horizon, casting a warm golden glow across the sky and illuminating the rolling clouds that cling to the mountain slopes (运用了现在分词短语作状语、that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I chose this photo for the exhibition because it captures a breathtaking moment of natural beauty and serenity. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
听力 1—5 DABCD 6—10 DBCCB 11—15 CDBCB 16—20 DABCA

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