资源简介

英语试卷
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
PUBLIC SPEAKING
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Elise Morrison
OBJECTIVES:
Public Speaking is designed to improve your understanding of the communication process and to develop your skills as a public speaker and as a critic of public speech.
ASSIGNMENTS:
Throughout the course you will deliver four prepared speeches of increasing length and complexity. You will prepare outlines for each speech. You will also write two short papers that analyze various aspects of oral presentation and rhetoric.
Speaking:
Speech of Introduction: Introduce yourself in 2 minutes. The goal is for your audience to remember your name and learn something about you.
Speech to Teach: The 4-minute speech will teach us about an idea or how to do something. The emphasis is on organization as well as on establishing common ground and credibility.
Speech to Initiate an Action: You have 6 minutes to persuade the audience to take a specific action. The focus is on motivation and follow-through.
Speech to Change an Attitude: You have 8-10 minutes to change your audience’s attitudes on a topic that you will have pre-tested for agreement/disagreement. The emphasis is on argumentation, credibility, and persuasion.
Interviews: You will receive in-class coaching on how to persuasively communicate your skills in a job interview.
Written:
Rhetorical Analysis of a Famous Speech: Write an essay that analyzes the rhetorical strategies used in a famous speech of your choosing.
Self-Assessment/Course Evaluation: The purpose of this assignment is to assess your work in the course and the course itself.
GRADING
Oral Presentations and Written Components 90%
Speech of Introduction (5%)
Speech to Teach (10%)
Rhetorical Analysis of Famous Speech (20%)
Speech to Initiate an Action (20%)
Outline (10%)
Speech (10%)
Speech to Change an Attitude (30%)
Outline (15%)
Speech (15%)
Self-evaluation (5%)
Class Participation 10%
21. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A speech announcement. B. A lesson design.
C. An academic article. D. A course guide.
22. Which speech focuses on the structure
A. Speech to Teach. B. Speech of Introduction.
C. Speech to Initiate an Action. D. Speech to Change an Attitude.
23. How much does written work account for
A. 15%. B. 25%. C. 30%. D. 35%.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“公共演讲”这门课程的相关内容，包括概念、类型以及评估方式等等。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍公共演讲的课程目标和作业，属于课程指南性质，因此文章很可能来自课程指南。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Speech to Teach”中“The 4-minute speech will teach us about an idea or how to do something. The emphasis is on organization as well as on establishing common ground and credibility.(4分钟的演讲将教会我们一个想法或如何做某事。重点在于组织以及建立共同基础和信誉。)”可知，“Speech to Teach”强调组织和建立共同点和可信度，也就是说重点在于结构。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Written: Rhetorical Analysis of a Famous Speech: Write an essay that analyzes the rhetorical strategies used in a famous speech of your choosing.(一篇著名演讲的修辞分析：写一篇文章，分析你选择的一篇著名演讲中使用的修辞策略。)”以及“Self-Assessment/Course Evaluation: The purpose of this assignment is to assess your work in the course and the course itself.(自我评估/课程评估：这项作业的目的是评估你在课程中的工作和课程本身。)”可知，这两项是书面任务；再根据“Rhetorical Analysis of Famous Speech (20%)(著名演讲修辞分析(20%))”和“Self-evaluation (5%)(自我评价(5%))”可知，这两项书面任务占比为20%+5%=25%。故选B。
B
Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. I feel an unusual sensation and all of a sudden: panic! My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough.
Let me go back a few decades, back to when anxiety wasn’t part of my life. When I was a child, I loved art. I drew and I colored because that’s what I enjoyed. I went to college to become an art teacher. When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside.
Luckily, after the birth of my daughter in 2014, the desire to create came back. At first, I was using a tiny corner of a bedroom in our rental house to paint. Eventually we bought a house, and I had the space to spread out, ready to paint whenever the urge struck. That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practice (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet.
I think the reason why painting is so helpful for my anxiety is that, in order for me to be anxious, I have to be worrying about the future and what it holds. When I’m doing an activity that requires my full concentration, I have to be in the moment. It doesn’t matter if you’re artistic. The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future.
24. Which word can best describe the writer in paragraph 1
A. Cautious. B. Insecure. C. Considerate. D. Impatient.
25. When did the writer give up on art temporarily
A. After her daughter was born. B. When she studied in college.
C. When she was still a little child. D. After some big event happened.
26. How does painting relieve the writer’s anxiety
A. Painting makes her stay in a place. B. Colors of painting calm her down.
C. Painting is a very creative activity. D. Painting makes less room for worries.
27. What can we learn from the story
A. What is important is to seize the moment. B. Anxiety may sometimes be beneficial to life.
C. It is necessary to learn some art in childhood. D. Painting is the best way to ease people’s mind.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经缺乏安全感，很焦虑。直到作者重新开始绘画，慢慢找回了平静。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. I feel an unusual sensation and all of a sudden panic! My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough.(多年来，焦虑就像一只迷路的狗在找骨头一样跟着我。当我担心我的健康或我女儿的健康时，我感觉最强烈。我有一种不寻常的感觉，然后突然恐慌起来！不过，我的担忧并不局限于健康问题，它们还包括对世界未来的焦虑、对自己财务状况的担忧，以及对自己不够优秀的恐惧)”可推知，作者没有安全感。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside. (当我在2001年5月毕业的时候，我有一份兼职的设计工作，在2001年9月11日的事件之后，我知道我需要旅行，离开我在家乡的安全生活。就在那时，我的创作实践戛然而止)”可知，作者在一些重大事件发生之后暂时放弃了艺术。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practice (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet. (就在那时，我开始注意到一件重要的事情：绘画以一种其他任何东西都无法做到的方式让我平静下来。它缓解了我的恐惧和焦虑，这是其他练习（深呼吸等）所没有的，至少没有那么持续。当焦虑的想法开始时，我知道该怎么做。我走进我的工作室，抓起一些材料，开始创作。很快，烦恼消失了，取而代之的是我的头脑很安静)”可知，绘画让担忧的空闲少了，从而缓解了作者的焦虑。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future.(唯一重要的是找到一种方法，活在当下，而不是不可知的未来)”可知，故事告诉我们重要的是要抓住当下。故选A。
C
Twenty-two years ago, I won a Nobel Prize, together with Tim and Leland Hartwell, for our work on how cells control their division.
The prize changed our lives. Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things: to give lectures, quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.
A recent study suggests that in general the extra commitments that Nobel winners take on result in fewer papers after their awards. There may be some truth to this given the extra demands on one’s time, but of course prestigious awards also allow new projects and research to be undertaken.
What effects did the Nobel Prize have on my subsequent career and work It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions. Within a year of getting the prize I was offered and accepted the presidency of Rockefeller University in New York. Having the prize also helps to get things done. For example, I have been involved in the merging of two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK. And it has helped me support causes I care deeply about. I became an ambassador for Ukraine education and science to help raise money for schools in that shattered country. Moreover, having a Nobel does help attract high-quality research colleagues. I have just started three excellent new PhD students. It is a privilege for me to be able to pursue curiosity-driven research at this late stage of my career.
However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding. My rejection rates have remained essentially the same before and after the prize. And that, of course, is exactly how it should be.
28. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2
A. To share his pride in winning a Nobel.
B. To express his regret at the changing of life.
C. To show his self confidence in handling the extra jobs.
D. To display his overburdened tasks after winning a Nobel.
29. What does the underlined word “merging” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Competition. B. Comparison. C. Combination. D. Construction.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The special privileges the Nobel winner has.
B. The positive impacts the Nobel Prize generates.
C. The great contributions the Nobel winner makes.
D. The scientific leadership the Nobel Prize provides.
31. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph
A. The spirit of science lies in seeking facts and truth.
B. Winning a Nobel Prize has an impact on peer review.
C. Extra commitments make Nobel winners less productive.
D. The approval a Nobel winner receives is equal to rejection.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了诺贝尔奖对个人事业和工作的影响。通过分享个人经历，作者探讨了奖项带来的挑战和机遇，以及对科研和社会影响的看法。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things:to give lectures, quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.”（突然间，你成了一个公众人物，被要求做各种各样的事情：做讲座，通常是关于你知之甚少的主题；参加你并不总是很有资格参加的委员会和评审；访问你几乎没听说过的国家。这就像多了一份全新的工作，每年有多达 500 多份请求。）可推知作者写第二段的目的是为了表明他获得诺贝尔奖后超负荷的工作。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK”（两个独立的癌症研究慈善机构形成英国癌症研究中心）可知，这里表示合二为一、合并的意思。A.Competition比赛；B.Comparison比较；C.Combination组合；D.Construction建设。结合语境翻译可知，C项Combination“组合”符合语境。故选C项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读本段，并结合“It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions.”（它当然有助于我担任科学领导职务）可知第四段重要讲了诺贝尔奖产生的积极影响。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding.”（不过，我很高兴地说，诺贝尔奖并没有影响我的一件事，那就是同行评审，他们会评估我自己的研究是否适合发表，以及我的资助申请。）可推知作者在最后一段中传达了科学精神在于追求事实和真理的道理。故选A项。
D
Even though they may appear to be completely unrelated black holes and Las Vegas have one thing in common: Whatever happens there stays there, much to the displeasure of astrophysicists who are trying to understand how black holes grow.
The event horizon can be conceptualized as an outer ring that surrounds black holes and is the boundary beyond which nothing, including matter, light, or information, may pass. It takes in every bit of evidence about the black hole’s past and has the appearance of being “stuck” to the eyes of an observer.
“Because of these physical facts, it had been thought impossible to measure how black holes formed,” said Peter Behroozi, an associate professor at the University of Arizona Steward Observatory.
Behroozi co-led an international team to rebuild the growth histories of black holes using machine learning and supercomputers, successfully avoiding the event horizon information barrier for individual black holes to show what is beyond. Millions of artificial universes were simulated (模拟), and the results showed that supermassive black holes grew at the same pace as their host galaxies (星系). Scientists had a theory about this for 20 years, but had not been able to confirm this relationship until now. The team’s research was reported in a publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
“As the galaxy grows from small to large, its black hole, too, is growing from small to large, in exactly the same way as we see in galaxies today all across the universe,” Behroozi said.
Trinity is a platform developed by the researchers that uses a novel type of machine learning to generate millions of different universes on a supercomputer. The goal of Trinity is to find answers. The project’s three main research areas are galaxies, their supermassive black holes, and their dark matter halo (晕). The same Trinity is in inference to these three areas. Millions of galaxies and their dark matter halo were simulated using the researchers’ older University Machine in past investigations.
The researchers found that galaxies expanding in their dark matter halo have a very particular relationship between the galaxy’s mass and that of the halo
32. Which of the following is one of the physical facts according to Behroozi
A. The event horizon can allow matter and light to pass.
B. Black holes and Las Vegas are completely different.
C. The event horizon absorbs the black hole’s past.
D. Observers can see the event horizon clearly.
33. What have the researchers prove about black holes
A. Their exact locations in the universe.
B. Their influence on artificial universe.
C. Their links with their dark matter halo.
D. Their relationship with their host galaxies.
34. What can be learned about Trinity
A. It refers to the University Machine.
B. It creates millions of artificial universes.
C. It shows how galaxies form in the real universe.
D. It is a platform to study the development of machine learning.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Trinity Finds Answers to Machine Learning
B. Machine Learning Could Reveal How Black Holes Grow
C. Supermassive Black Holes Are Beneficial to Their Host Galaxies
D. Astrophysicists Have Confirmed the Significance of the Event Horizon
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对于黑洞的研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It takes in every bit of evidence about the black hole’s past and has the appearance of being “stuck” to the eyes of an observer.(事界吸收了关于黑洞过去的每一点证据，看起来就像被“粘”在了观察者的眼睛里。)”可知，事界吸收了黑洞的过去，故选择C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“the results showed that supermassive black holes grew at the same pace as their host galaxies (星系). Scientists had a theory about this for 20 years, but had not been able to confirm this relationship until now.(结果表明，超大质量黑洞的成长速度与宿主星系的成长速度相同。 科学家们对此有了20年的理论，但直到现在才能够证实这种关系。)”可知，研究证明了黑洞与宿主星系之间的关系，故选择D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“Trinity is a platform developed by the researchers that uses a novel type of machine learning to generate millions of different universes on a supercomputer.(Trinity是研究人员开发的一个平台，它使用一种新型的机器学习在超级计算机上生成数百万个不同的宇宙。)”可知，Trinity在超级计算机上创造了数百万个人造的宇宙，故选择B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通过最初的认为无法测量黑洞是如何形成的到后来利用机器学习创造人造宇宙，了解黑洞与宿主星系之间的关系，可知，本文主要讲述的就是机器学习对于揭示黑洞如何形成的作用，B项“机器学习可以揭示黑洞是如何生长的”适合作标题，故选择B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Even if you can finally fall asleep, taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether. ____36____ So people having trouble falling asleep always wonder how they can sleep well.
Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that children of all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately, children aren’t the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime. ____37____
Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能). ____38____ Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit. Many people can’t fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night. By listening to music, the mind has something else to focus on. With time, the practice of listening to music at bedtime becomes more effective as the brain positively associates music with sleep.
____39____ Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for sleep. What we do know is that researchers have typically used either a self-made playlist or one that has been designed especially with sleep in mind. One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences. ____40____ For those who don’t want to design their own playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for sleep or relaxation.
A. It can guarantee sufficient sleep.
B. It’s natural to wonder about the best type of music for sleep.
C. The quality and quantity of our sleep become poor as we age.
D. Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings.
E. This can have a serious effect on a person’s quality of life if it continues.
F. People across age groups report better sleep quality after listening to soft music.
G. Useful personal playlists may include relaxing songs that have helped with sleep in the past.
【答案】36. E 37. F 38. D 39. B 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐可以改善睡眠，解释了背后的原因。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Even if you can finally fall asleep, taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether.(即使你最终能睡着，花太长时间入睡也会导致睡眠时间太少)”以及后文“So people having trouble falling asleep always wonder how they can sleep well.(所以入睡困难的人总是想知道他们如何才能睡得好)”可知，本句承接上文，说明花太长时间入睡的情况对人们的影响，后文给出解决方案。故E选项“如果这种情况持续下去，会对一个人的生活质量产生严重的影响”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that children of all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately, children aren’t the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime.(父母从经验中知道轻柔的音乐可以帮助婴儿入睡。科学支持这一点，表明所有年龄段的孩子，从婴儿到小学生，在听了舒适的音乐后睡得更好。幸运的是，孩子并不是唯一能从睡前轻柔的音乐中受益的人)”可知，上文提到“孩子并不是唯一能从睡前轻柔的音乐中受益的人”，说明其他年龄段的人也可以从中受益。故F选项“各年龄段的人都说听轻音乐后睡眠质量更好”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能).(听音乐可能改善睡眠的原因不止一个。音乐可以通过影响你的生理机能直接促进睡眠)”可知，本句具体说明音乐是如何影响生理机能促进睡眠的。故D选项“听音乐可以减轻你的压力，激发积极的情绪”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for sleep.(研究考察了许多类型的音乐和播放列表，但对于最适合睡眠的音乐，还没有一个明确的答案)”可知，本句与最适合睡觉的音乐类型有关，B选项type对应后文types。故B选项“想知道最适合睡觉的音乐类型是很自然的”符合语境，故选B。
【40题详解】
根据上文“One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences.(关于音乐如何影响一个人的身体，最重要的一点是他们自己的音乐偏好)”以及后文“For those who don’t want to design their own playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for sleep or relaxation.(对于那些不想设计自己的播放列表的人来说，在线音乐服务已经介入，通常提供睡眠或放松的播放列表)”可知，本句主要说明设计个人播放列表来促进睡眠。故G选项“有用的个人播放列表可能包括过去帮助睡眠的放松歌曲”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We’d trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands ___41___ from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. “You are ___42___, aren’t you ”
Just before the count down started, Blake shot me a ___43___ grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, “Go!”___44___ I could yell “Hike!”, Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs ___45___ after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we ___46___ a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake’s team before I did. His tail flew up, and he ___47___ . Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the ___48___. A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.
___49___ our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my ___50___ and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I ___51___. His shoulder was bleeding.
“Kenai! No!” My voice came out a howl. Kenai ___52___ to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes___53___ to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy (奖杯). But no. I bent and gently ___54___ Kenai in a blanket.
The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the ___55___ that really counted.
41.
A. softened B. shook C. withdrew D. extended
42.
A. clever B. thirsty C. helpful D. ready
43.
A. broad B. satisfied C. tight D. slight
44.
A. As B. Beyond C. Before D. After
45.
A. pulled B. charged C. jumped D. barked
46.
A. cut B. missed C. kept D. rounded
47.
A. took off B. flew away C. turned around D. bent forward
48.
A. race B. difference C. gap D. goal
49.
A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Gradually D. Occasionally
50.
A. way B. hold C. temper D. sight
51.
A. quitted B. insisted C. sighed D. froze
52.
A. struggled B. decided C. refused D. pretended
53.
A. forcing B. begging C. ordering D. persuading
54.
A. took up B. put up C. brought up D. wrapped up
55.
A. achievement B. companion C. prize D. friendship
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一场雪橇狗锦标赛中的情景。主人公希望击败对手Blake，但比赛中发生了意外。最终他们虽未获胜，但体验到了真正的奖励——与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪下来给Kenai喂食，紧张和激动让我的手都在颤抖。A. softened软化；B. shook颤抖；C. withdrew抽出；D. extended延伸，伸出。根据后文“from nerves and excitement”可知“我”的手是颤抖的。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kenai仰起脸舔我的下巴。“你准备好了，是吧？”A. clever聪明的；B. thirsty渴的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. ready准备的。根据后文“Just before the count down started, Blake shot me a grin, hands trembling too.”可知在倒计时之前，做起跑准备。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在倒计时开始之前，Blake对我露出了一个紧张的笑容，手也在颤抖。A. broad宽的；B. satisfied满意的；C. tight紧的，紧张的；D. slight轻微的。根据“hands trembling too”可知Blake此刻也是紧张的，因此笑容是紧张的。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然后我听到“出发！”还没等我喊 “出发！”，Kenai就向前蹿了出去。A. As当……的时候；B. Beyond超越；C. Before在……之前。D. After在……之后。根据前文“Go!”可知在“我”喊出发之前，Kenai听到别人的“出发”后就蹿了出去。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其余的狗紧随其后。A. pulled拉；B. charged猛冲；C. jumped跳；D. barked狗叫。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.”可知很多狗紧随其后一起向前猛冲。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们转过了一个弯。A. cut切；B. missed错过；C. kept保持；D. rounded绕过，环绕。分析语境可知，前文表示飞快地跑下了长长的山坡之后，到转弯处附近转弯。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的尾巴翘了起来，飞快地跑开了。A. took off起飞；B. flew away飞走；C. turned around转身；D. bent forward向前弯。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.”可知Kenai速度飞快很快超过了Blake。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拉近了差距。A. race赛跑；B. difference不同；C. gap差距；D. goal目标。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.”可知Kenai速度飞快，拉近了差距，很快超过了Blake。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们的雪撬撞上了树枝。A. Suddenly突然；B. Finally最终；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Occasionally偶然。根据后文“The runners caught.”可知此刻出现了突发状况，我们的雪撬突然撞上了树枝。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。A. way方式；B. hold抓住；C. temper脾气；D. sight视线。根据后文“fell off the sled”可知“我”没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我愣住了，他的肩膀在流血。A. quitted退出；B. insisted坚持说；C. sighed叹气；D. froze愣住。根据后文“His shoulder was bleeding.”可知看到Kenai肩膀流血，“我”很紧张，“我”的反应是愣在原地。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kenai挣扎着站了起来。A. struggled挣扎；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据前文“Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai.”可知Kenai也挣扎地努力站起来想继续比赛。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，蓝色的眼睛乞求我继续下去。A. forcing迫使；B. begging乞求；C. ordering命令；D. persuading劝说。根据后文“He would do it, too.”可知Kenai想继续下去，但因为受伤，乞求我继续下去。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我弯下腰，用毯子轻轻地把Kenai裹了起来。A. took up占据；B. put up张贴；C. brought up抚养；D. wrapped up包、裹。根据语境可知，我们没有赢得比赛，比赛结束后，我用毯子把它包裹起来去看兽医。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我得到了真正有价值的奖品。A. achievement成就；B. companion陪伴；C. prize奖；D. friendship友谊。根据前文“For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy( 奖杯 ). But no.”可知我们没有赢得比赛，但是最后“我”收获了与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带，这对“我”而言是真正重要的奖品。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese character zhen(振), meaning “vitalize”, ____56____(name) the nation’s most popular character related to domestic affairs this year, while the character wei, ____57____ meaning is “risk” or “crisis”, was chosen as ____58____(hot) for international topics. The characters are among a list of popular words, as well as phrases, ___59___(collect) in an annual assessment organized by agencies including the Ministry of Education’s National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center and the Commercial Press publishing house.
Organizers explained that “vitalize” represents ____60____ upward trend and a gesture of trying to make an effort, and that’s the spirit one should have ____61____ the face of challenges and obstacles, ____62____ it’s a country or an individual. Meanwhile, it pointed out that internationally, the world’s path has come to a crossroads amid wars and conflicts, sluggish economies, a ____63____(wide) gap of development and a worsening environment. Organizers called for looking for opportunities hidden in these ____64____ (crisis) and using dialogue and cooperation to handle differences in order to build a fair, better world.
In addition to characters, gaozhiliang fazhan, or high-quality development, was chosen ____65____(be) the key domestic phrase of the year, while ChatGPT was named the annual phrase in international topics.
【答案】56. was named
57. whose 58. the hottest
59. collected
60. an 61. in
62. whether
63. widening
64. crises 65. to be
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2023年中国国内和国际上最受欢迎的汉字和词汇。
【56题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：“振兴”的汉字“振”被评为今年国内最受欢迎的汉字，而“危”的汉字则被选为最热门的国际话题。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，主语The character zhen与name之间为被动关系，结合下文时态可知，这里要使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数谓语使用相应的第三人称单数，故填was named。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“振兴”的汉字“振”被评为今年国内最受欢迎的汉字，而“危”的汉字则被选为最热门的国际话题。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了非限制性定语从句先行词the character wei与从句主语meaning之间为所属关系，使用关系代词whose作定语，故填whose。
【58题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：“振兴”的汉字“振”被评为今年国内最受欢迎的汉字，而“危”的汉字则被选为最热门的国际话题。结合上文语境可知，此处要使用形容词最高级作，故填the hottest。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些字符是由教育部国家语言资源监测与研究中心和商务印书馆等机构组织的年度评估中收集的流行单词和短语列表之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词，且没有连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，a list of popular words, as well as phrases与collect之间为被动关系，此处使用过去分词作后置定语，故填collected。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：组织者解释说，“振兴”代表着一种上升趋势和努力的姿态，这是一个人在面对挑战和障碍时应该具备的精神，无论它是一个国家还是个人。分析句子结构可知，trend“趋势”可数名词表泛指，前缺少不定冠词，upward以元音音素开头，要用an，故填an。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：组织者解释说，“振兴”代表着一种上升趋势和努力的姿态，这是一个人在面对挑战和障碍时应该具备的精神，无论它是一个国家还是个人。短语in the face of“面对”符合句意，故填in。
【62题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：组织者解释说，“振兴”代表着一种上升趋势和努力的姿态，这是一个人在面对挑战和障碍时应该具备的精神，无论它是一个国家还是个人。结合句意可知，此处使用whether …or….“无论…还是…”引导让步状语从句，故填whether。
【63题详解】
考查形容词（现在分词）。句意：同时，报告指出，在国际上，世界道路已在战争和冲突、经济低迷、发展差距扩大和环境恶化中走到十字路口。分析句子结构可知，此处使用形容词（也可理解成现在分词）作定语修饰名词 gap，widening“不断加宽的”符合句意，故填widening。
【64题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：组织者呼吁寻找隐藏在这些危机中的机会，并利用对话与合作来处理分歧，以建设一个公平、更美好的世界。根据设空前的these可知这里要使用可数名词的复数形式，故填crises。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了文字，“高质量发展”被选为年度国内重点短语，而ChatGPT被评为年度国际主题短语。短语 be chosen to be“被选作…”，故填to be。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，打算参加你校即将举办的主题为“用英语讲中国故事”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿。
1.介绍你要讲的中国故事；
2.你喜欢它的原因。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning everyone!
Today, I’m honored to
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone!
Today, I’m honored to share with you the classic tale of the Monkey King.
The Monkey King is a well-known character from the Chinese literary masterpiece, Journey to the West. This story portrays the adventurous journey of the mischievous but courageous Monkey King, Sun Wukong. With his incredible strength and intelligence, he helps the Tang Monk on his quest to obtain Buddhist scriptures.
I’m drawn to this story because the Monkey King represents the spirit of perseverance and self-discovery. His pursuit of knowledge and self-improvement serve as a reminder never to stop exploring and challenging ourselves.
Thank you for your attention.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，用英语介绍要讲的中国故事，并陈述喜欢它的原因。
详解】1. 词汇积累
名著：masterpiece→masterwork/classic
描写：portray→describe
顽皮的：mischievous→naughty
勇敢的：courageous→brave
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为强调句
原句：With his incredible strength and intelligence, he helps the Tang Monk on his quest to obtain Buddhist scriptures.
拓展句：It is with his incredible strength and intelligence that he helps the Tang Monk on his quest to obtain Buddhist scriptures.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m drawn to this story because the Monkey King represents the spirit of perseverance and self-discovery.(使用了because引导原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】His pursuit of knowledge and self-improvement serve as a reminder never to stop exploring and challenging ourselves. (使用了不定式作后置定语和动名词作宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me. His eyes were shining with kindness and empathy. Without a second thought, he turned to the cashier and said, “I’ll cover her groceries.” I was surprised by his generosity and struggled to find words to express my gratitude. As he swiped his credit card, a wave of relief washed over me. It was a small act of kindness, but it meant the world to me in that moment. With tears welling up in my eyes, I thanked him heartily feeling overwhelmed by the goodness of strangers.
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door. We wanted to personally express our gratitude for his selflessness and repay his kindness. As he opened the door, we handed him a bouquet of flowers and a heartfelt thank-you note. He was visibly touched and invited us inside for a cup of tea. Sitting in his cozy living room, we shared stories and laughter, realizing that this chance encounter had brought us together. At that moment, I realized that sometimes the greatest blessings come in the form of unexpected friendships.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和两个女儿在超市购物的时候，因为东西多，所以让后面的人先结账。结果到了作者结账的时候发现自己忘了带银行卡。作者正在苦恼时，前面的人好心为作者结了账，作者十分感动和感激。第二天作者和家人亲自上门表示感谢，对方也邀请作者一家进屋喝茶。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，我前面的那位先生对我笑了笑”可知，第一段可描写前面的人好心帮作者结了账，作者十分感动。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，我的家人敲了这位先生的门”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人上门道谢并在对方家里喝茶。
2.续写线索：前面的人帮忙付账——感到惊讶——感动和感激——上门道谢——请喝茶——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/be aware of
②寻找：find/search for
③表达：express/extend
情绪类
①同情：empathy/sympathy
②使惊讶：surprise/astonish
【点睛】[高分句型1] Sitting in his cozy living room, we shared stories and laughter, realizing that this chance encounter had brought us together. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As he opened the door, we handed him a bouquet of flowers and a heartfelt thank-you note. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)英语试卷
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
PUBLIC SPEAKING
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Elise Morrison
OBJECTIVES:
Public Speaking is designed to improve your understanding of the communication process and to develop your skills as a public speaker and as a critic of public speech.
ASSIGNMENTS:
Throughout the course you will deliver four prepared speeches of increasing length and complexity. You will prepare outlines for each speech. You will also write two short papers that analyze various aspects of oral presentation and rhetoric.
Speaking:
Speech of Introduction: Introduce yourself in 2 minutes. The goal is for your audience to remember your name and learn something about you.
Speech to Teach: The 4-minute speech will teach us about an idea or how to do something. The emphasis is on organization as well as on establishing common ground and credibility.
Speech to Initiate an Action: You have 6 minutes to persuade the audience to take a specific action. The focus is on motivation and follow-through.
Speech to Change an Attitude: You have 8-10 minutes to change your audience’s attitudes on a topic that you will have pre-tested for agreement/disagreement. The emphasis is on argumentation, credibility, and persuasion.
Interviews: You will receive in-class coaching on how to persuasively communicate your skills in a job interview.
Written:
Rhetorical Analysis of a Famous Speech: Write an essay that analyzes the rhetorical strategies used in a famous speech of your choosing.
Self-Assessment/Course Evaluation: The purpose of this assignment is to assess your work in the course and the course itself.
GRADING
Oral Presentations and Written Components 90%
Speech of Introduction (5%)
Speech to Teach (10%)
Rhetorical Analysis of Famous Speech (20%)
Speech to Initiate an Action (20%)
Outline (10%)
Speech (10%)
Speech to Change an Attitude (30%)
Outline (15%)
Speech (15%)
Self-evaluation (5%)
Class Participation 10%
21. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A speech announcement. B. A lesson design.
C. An academic article. D. A course guide.
22. Which speech focuses on the structure
A. Speech to Teach. B. Speech of Introduction.
C. Speech to Initiate an Action. D. Speech to Change an Attitude.
23. How much does written work account for
A. 15%. B. 25%. C. 30%. D. 35%.
B
Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. I feel an unusual sensation and all of a sudden: panic! My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough.
Let me go back a few decades, back to when anxiety wasn’t part of my life. When I was a child, I loved art. I drew and I colored because that’s what I enjoyed. I went to college to become an art teacher. When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside.
Luckily, after the birth of my daughter in 2014, the desire to create came back. At first, I was using a tiny corner of a bedroom in our rental house to paint. Eventually we bought a house, and I had the space to spread out, ready to paint whenever the urge struck. That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practice (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet.
I think the reason why painting is so helpful for my anxiety is that, in order for me to be anxious, I have to be worrying about the future and what it holds. When I’m doing an activity that requires my full concentration, I have to be in the moment. It doesn’t matter if you’re artistic. The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future.
24. Which word can best describe the writer in paragraph 1
A. Cautious. B. Insecure. C. Considerate. D. Impatient.
25. When did the writer give up on art temporarily
A. After her daughter was born. B. When she studied in college.
C. When she was still a little child. D. After some big event happened.
26. How does painting relieve the writer’s anxiety
A. Painting makes her stay in a place. B. Colors of painting calm her down.
C. Painting is a very creative activity. D. Painting makes less room for worries.
27. What can we learn from the story
A. What is important is to seize the moment. B. Anxiety may sometimes be beneficial to life.
C. It is necessary to learn some art in childhood. D. Painting is the best way to ease people’s mind.
C
Twenty-two years ago, I won a Nobel Prize, together with Tim and Leland Hartwell, for our work on how cells control their division.
The prize changed our lives. Suddenly you become a public figure being asked to do all sorts of things: to give lectures quite often on topics you know little about; to sit on committees and reviews you are not always well qualified to be on; to visit countries you have barely heard of. It is like having a whole new extra job, with upwards of 500 requests a year.
A recent study suggests that in general the extra commitments that Nobel winners take on result in fewer papers after their awards. There may be some truth to this given the extra demands on one’s time, but of course prestigious awards also allow new projects and research to be undertaken.
What effects did the Nobel Prize have on my subsequent career and work It has certainly helped me to get scientific leadership positions. Within a year of getting the prize I was offered and accepted the presidency of Rockefeller University in New York. Having the prize also helps to get things done. For example, I have been involved in the merging of two separate cancer research charities to form Cancer Research UK. And it has helped me support causes I care deeply about. I became an ambassador for Ukraine education and science to help raise money for schools in that shattered country. Moreover, having a Nobel does help attract high-quality research colleagues. I have just started three excellent new PhD students. It is a privilege for me to be able to pursue curiosity-driven research at this late stage of my career.
However, one thing I am glad to say that the Nobel Prize did not influence was peer review from my fellow scientists, assessing the suitability of my own research for publication, and my grant applications for funding. My rejection rates have remained essentially the same before and after the prize. And that, of course, is exactly how it should be.
28. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2
A. To share his pride in winning a Nobel.
B. To express his regret at the changing of life.
C. To show his self confidence in handling the extra jobs.
D. To display his overburdened tasks after winning a Nobel.
29. What does the underlined word “merging” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Competition. B. Comparison. C. Combination. D. Construction.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The special privileges the Nobel winner has.
B The positive impacts the Nobel Prize generates.
C. The great contributions the Nobel winner makes.
D. The scientific leadership the Nobel Prize provides.
31. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the last paragraph
A. The spirit of science lies in seeking facts and truth.
B. Winning a Nobel Prize has an impact on peer review.
C. Extra commitments make Nobel winners less productive.
D. The approval a Nobel winner receives is equal to rejection.
D
Even though they may appear to be completely unrelated, black holes and Las Vegas have one thing in common: Whatever happens there stays there, much to the displeasure of astrophysicists who are trying to understand how black holes grow.
The event horizon can be conceptualized as an outer ring that surrounds black holes and is the boundary beyond which nothing, including matter, light, or information, may pass. It takes in every bit of evidence about the black hole’s past and has the appearance of being “stuck” to the eyes of an observer.
“Because of these physical facts, it had been thought impossible to measure how black holes formed,” said Peter Behroozi, an associate professor at the University of Arizona Steward Observatory.
Behroozi co-led an international team to rebuild the growth histories of black holes using machine learning and supercomputers, successfully avoiding the event horizon information barrier for individual black holes to show what is beyond. Millions of artificial universes were simulated (模拟), and the results showed that supermassive black holes grew at the same pace as their host galaxies (星系). Scientists had a theory about this for 20 years, but had not been able to confirm this relationship until now. The team’s research was reported in a publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
“As the galaxy grows from small to large, its black hole, too, is growing from small to large, in exactly the same way as we see in galaxies today all across the universe,” Behroozi said.
Trinity is a platform developed by the researchers that uses a novel type of machine learning to generate millions of different universes on a supercomputer. The goal of Trinity is to find answers. The project’s three main research areas are galaxies, their supermassive black holes, and their dark matter halo (晕). The same Trinity is in inference to these three areas. Millions of galaxies and their dark matter halo were simulated using the researchers’ older University Machine in past investigations.
The researchers found that galaxies expanding in their dark matter halo have a very particular relationship between the galaxy’s mass and that of the halo.
32. Which of the following is one of the physical facts according to Behroozi
A. The event horizon can allow matter and light to pass.
B. Black holes and Las Vegas are completely different.
C. The event horizon absorbs the black hole’s past.
D. Observers can see the event horizon clearly.
33. What have the researchers prove about black holes
A. Their exact locations in the universe.
B. Their influence on artificial universe.
C. Their links with their dark matter halo.
D. Their relationship with their host galaxies.
34. What can be learned about Trinity
A. It refers to the University Machine.
B. It creates millions of artificial universes.
C. It shows how galaxies form in the real universe.
D. It is a platform to study the development of machine learning.
35. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Trinity Finds Answers to Machine Learning
B. Machine Learning Could Reveal How Black Holes Grow
C. Supermassive Black Holes Are Beneficial to Their Host Galaxies
D. Astrophysicists Have Confirmed the Significance of the Event Horizon
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Even if you can finally fall asleep taking too long to fall asleep can lead to too few hours of sleep altogether. ____36____ So people having trouble falling asleep always wonder how they can sleep well.
Parents know from experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supports this, showing that children of all ages, from babies to elementary school children, sleep better after listening to comfortable music. Fortunately, children aren’t the only ones who can benefit from gentle music before bedtime. ____37____
Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能). ____38____ Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit. Many people can’t fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night. By listening to music, the mind has something else to focus on. With time, the practice of listening to music at bedtime becomes more effective as the brain positively associates music with sleep.
____39____ Studies have looked at many types of music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer about the best music for sleep. What we do know is that researchers have typically used either a self-made playlist or one that has been designed especially with sleep in mind. One of the most important things on how music affects a person’s body is their own musical preferences. ____40____ For those who don’t want to design their own playlist, online music services have stepped in and usually offer playlists for sleep or relaxation.
A. It can guarantee sufficient sleep.
B. It’s natural to wonder about the best type of music for sleep.
C. The quality and quantity of our sleep become poor as we age.
D. Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings.
E. This can have a serious effect on a person’s quality of life if it continues.
F. People across age groups report better sleep quality after listening to soft music.
G. Useful personal playlists may include relaxing songs that have helped with sleep in the past.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We’d trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands ___41___ from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. “You are ___42___, aren’t you ”
Just before the count down started, Blake shot me a ___43___ grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, “Go!”___44___ I could yell “Hike!”, Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs ___45___ after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we ___46___ a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake’s team before I did. His tail flew up, and he ___47___ . Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the ___48___. A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.
___49___ our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my ___50___ and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I ___51___. His shoulder was bleeding.
“Kenai! No!” My voice came out a howl. Kenai ___52___ to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes___53___ to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy (奖杯). But no. I bent and gently ___54___ Kenai in a blanket.
The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the ___55___ that really counted.
41.
A. softened B. shook C. withdrew D. extended
42.
A. clever B. thirsty C. helpful D. ready
43.
A. broad B. satisfied C. tight D. slight
44.
A. As B. Beyond C. Before D. After
45.
A. pulled B. charged C. jumped D. barked
46.
A. cut B. missed C. kept D. rounded
47.
A. took off B. flew away C. turned around D. bent forward
48.
A. race B. difference C. gap D. goal
49.
A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Gradually D. Occasionally
50.
A. way B. hold C. temper D. sight
51.
A. quitted B. insisted C. sighed D. froze
52.
A. struggled B. decided C. refused D. pretended
53.
A forcing B. begging C. ordering D. persuading
54.
A. took up B. put up C. brought up D. wrapped up
55.
A. achievement B. companion C. prize D. friendship
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese character zhen(振), meaning “vitalize”, ____56____(name) the nation’s most popular character related to domestic affairs this year, while the character wei, ____57____ meaning is “risk” or “crisis”, was chosen as ____58____(hot) for international topics. The characters are among a list of popular words, as well as phrases, ___59___(collect) in an annual assessment organized by agencies including the Ministry of Education’s National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center and the Commercial Press publishing house.
Organizers explained that “vitalize” represents ____60____ upward trend and a gesture of trying to make an effort, and that’s the spirit one should have ____61____ the face of challenges and obstacles, ____62____ it’s a country or an individual. Meanwhile, it pointed out that internationally, the world’s path has come to a crossroads amid wars and conflicts, sluggish economies, a ____63____(wide) gap of development and a worsening environment. Organizers called for looking for opportunities hidden in these ____64____ (crisis) and using dialogue and cooperation to handle differences in order to build a fair, better world.
In addition to characters, gaozhiliang fazhan, or high-quality development, was chosen ____65____(be) the key domestic phrase of the year, while ChatGPT was named the annual phrase in international topics.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，打算参加你校即将举办的主题为“用英语讲中国故事”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿。
1.介绍你要讲的中国故事；
2.你喜欢它的原因。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone!
Today, I’m honored to
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第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
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The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
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