资源简介

北师大版选择性必修一课文（Unit 3)
Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 教学设计
第三课 毁灭之路
Part 1
“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10!”
“Oh really It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.”
How often have you heard these conversations How often do we get stuck in traffic jams How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. Here are some figures about Britain:
● In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars.
● Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
● Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.
● Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
● Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
Part 2
We know that cars are bad for us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”; “The trains are always late”; “I haven’t got time to walk”. I’m talking about myself, too. To be frank, I’m addicted to my car. When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for advice about how to give up, she told me five things:
● Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometers. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
● Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows
● Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town What about the shops around the corner Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.
● Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
● Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbors about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain!
All quite simple, isn’t it Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm. Then I’ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do
确定主题
本篇是说明文，但是它又不是一篇常见的说明文，首先它的不同寻常之处在于语篇主题不像一般常规说明文出现在语篇开篇，往往采用直白法、反衬法、提问法、事例法引出主题，而这篇文章则采取非常罕见的隐藏法，只是在标题The Road to Destruction中隐约影射主题The Traffic Problems，而在正文中却没有直接涉及。
分析结构
Part One语篇开端使用事例法引出主题：the traffic problems, 然后采用一系列数据阐述交通问题的具体存在形式。Part Two语篇一开始讲述造成这些交通问题的背后原因，然后再聚焦具体的解决这些交通问题的方法，在语篇最后又使用幽默的表达方式来呼应前文，暗示解决这些交通问题任重而道远。
语篇特色
仔细阅读这一篇北师大版选择性必修一课文（Unit 3) Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction语篇素材，我们还是不难发现在具体的谋篇布局上，这篇课文还是存在着一些精彩之处, 具体来说主要体现在以下三个方面：
1. 语篇主题（the traffic problems）引而不发，常规语篇通常会在语篇开端使用直白法、反衬法、事例法、提问法或综合法引出主题，而这篇文章则别出心裁使用对话事例“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10!”“Oh really It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.”和接连三个提问How often have you heard these conversations How often do we get stuck in traffic jams How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry 再加反衬法 For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. 来开篇，主题the traffic problems始终犹抱琵琶半遮面，千呼万唤不出来。
2. 语篇中段说明文采用应用文样式提供数据和事例，这在一般性的说明文中也比较少见。
● In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars.
● Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
● Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.
● Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
● Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
这五项并列的数据是为了表现the traffic problems的具体表现形式。
● Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometers. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
● Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows
● Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town What about the shops around the corner Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.
● Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
● Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbors about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain!
这五项并列的数据是为了表现解决the traffic problems的具体有效方法。
无论是表现形式和解决方法，作者采用这种并列具体的表现形式只是为了使自己表达内容更加具有可信性(convincing)。
3. 语篇结尾采用了记叙文的写作形式，用非常幽默的表达来点出解决the traffic problems还是不容乐观的事实。
Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm. Then I’ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do
这样的写法似曾相识，与2017年11月浙江省高考英语试卷阅读理解B篇的最后一段写法异曲同工：
It's surprising how much simple movement of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟).
So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear We're all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive(认知) performance or is it just a feeling
Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people's powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren't. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test(one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect "enclothed cognition," suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.
This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful Does a chef's hat make the restaurant food taste better
From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(学位服).
这两篇都是用个人具体的经历来概括前面抽象广泛的现象，让读者在阅读的时候非常轻松和快乐
教师处理
Leo老师对于这篇语篇有娴熟的驾驭，他的课从分析语篇结构和文本内容到挖掘文本内涵，整个过程紧紧围绕“problem-effect-solutions”,也通过开展一些学习理解、应用实践和迁移创新类活动来深化语篇的解读。
1. 结合学生实际使用提问法引出话题
使用如下两个问题：
How do you go to school
How do your parents pick you up on weekends
2. 针对语篇话题进行追踪提问
Do you have any other ideas to help solve problems
How do you understand the title
Will you change the way you go to school
3. 要求学生理出语篇结构，使用思维导图深化主题
图片
4. 最后使用提问呼应开篇话题，也与语篇结构相配合
Do you think I drive my car or ride my bike to work this morning
整堂课在纯真自然的师生、生生互动中，实现了“以学定教、学以致用、知行合一”的动态课堂目标，也为如何在日常教学中开发这一类特别语篇提供了可供借鉴的有效范式。

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