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(共13张PPT)
B2U6 Grammar:
-ing & -ed as complement
Observing
Read “Sharks: Dangerous or Endangered ” and find all the sentences with complement (补语).
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.(para.1)
…, but Jaws made things worse. (para. 2)
It made people frightened of sharks, … (para.2)
People just wanted them killed. (para.2)
Benchley saw sharks being killed ... (para.4)
He came to see people as a danger to sharks,… (para.4)
Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food,… (para.5)
Complement (补语): words/phrases that give information about the subject/object and complete the meaning of the predicate (谓语).
补语：主语补足语、宾语补足语（更常见）。
Object complement （宾语补语）
好的习惯让你成为优秀的学习者。
警察发现他是无辜的。
走得时候别把灯开着。
我的朋友叫我去打篮球。
我听到有人正在敲门。
我发现你的文章被别人发到了网上。
请把书留在桌子上。
Good habits make you a good learner.
The police found him innocent.
Don’t leave the lights on when you leave.
I hear someone knocking on the door.
I saw your article posted on the internet by others.
Please leave the book on the desk.
My friend asked me to play basketball.
v-ing as object complement
现在分词做宾语补足语时，doing表主动进行；being done表被动进行。
Exercises
We saw the teacher ______________________ (正在做实验)。
I saw her __________________________ (正在被警察盘问)。
doing the experiment
being questioned by the police
常用结构：
感官动词(see, hear, feel, smell, watch, notice)
使役动词(make, have, get, keep, leave)
with 的复合结构
v-ed as object complement
过去分词（done）做宾语补足时，表被动或完成。
Exercises
I want the letter posted. 表_____
I found my necklace gone on my way home. 表_____
They considered the matter settled.表_____
When I came in, I saw a girl dressed in blue. 表______
被动
完成
被动和完成
状态
*seated, dressed, lost 等一般表状态。
常用结构：
感官动词
使役动词
with的复合结构
心理状态动词（think, suppose, consider）
“希望、要求”(like, want, wish, expect）
to do as object complement
不定式（to do）做宾语补足语：感官动词后强调动作发生的全过程，with的复合结构中表将要发生。
I heard her sing an English song just now.
= She was heard to sing an English song just now.
With only 700 metres to go, Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the burning heat.
Exercises
Read the passage and choose the correct form of the verbs. (P86, A2)
Attracted / Attracting by mermaids since she was a child, Hannah Fraser created her first tail when she was only nine years old. Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted / devoting to ocean conservation. She can be seen worn / wearing mermaid clothing and dived / diving up to 50 feet underwater to swim with dolphins, sharks and whales. She appeared in The Cove, a documentary aiming at highlighting the cruelty of dolphin hunting. Besides performing and modelling, Hannah travels the world given / giving presentations and talks, getting more people involved / involving in the conservation of ocean life.
Decide the function of each chosen word.
Exercises
Rewrite the underlined sentences in the interview, using the -ing and -ed forms to make it more compact and coherent. (P87, A3)
Here, you can see dramatic landscapes. They change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers.
In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.
This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, …
→Here, you can see dramatic landscapes changing from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers.
→In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland damaged by human activity.
→This includes keeping the original environment untouched, …
Reporter: Lin Feng: Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve (SNNR). With me today is Lin Feng, a staff member working here. Lin Feng, can you tell us a bit about SNNR
Well, SNNR was established in 2000 and is the highest and second largest nature reserve in China. Here, you can see dramatic landscapes. They change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers. Most importantly, it contains the headwaters of the Yellow River, the Changjiang River and the Lancang River.
Reporter: Lin Feng: Reporter: Lin Feng: What’s the biggest problem faced by SNNR
In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity. This has had a negative impact on the unique plants and animals living there. We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the
water supply downstream. It is an integrated system, you see.
And what sort of work are you doing to help solve these problems
Our job is to protect and restore the natural environment. This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.
Exercises (《课时学案》p.137-138 二、三)
rising
heard
playing
going
tied
running
looked
taken
examined
calling
Exercises (《课时学案》p.137-138 二、三)
heard the song sung
find his hometown greatly changed
smell something burning
kept us waiting
Exercises (《课时学案》p.137-138 二、三)
had his leg broken
saw the young professor talking
caught him taking away something valuable

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