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专题08 阅读理解（1）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
(A)
（2023·山东潍坊·小升初真题）在科幻电影里，机器人是不可或缺的存在。在现实社会里，真的有一些超酷的高科技机器人呦。下面我们来一睹它们的风采。
Atlas(双足机器人) is a humanoid robot. It has a head, a body, two arms and two legs. It is agile and it can do many things. It can carry things, run on the road, walk in the snow, even jump onto and jump down from the table easily.
Mantis (六足机器人) is 2. 8 m tall and weighs 2000 kg. It has six long legs. These legs help it cross different terrains. It can walk in the mountains. It can walk in the water too.
Prosthesis (机甲竞速机器人) is a big robot. It is good at running and jumping. It can run 30 kilometers per hour. And it can jump over a car easily. Amazing!
Method-2 (大型机器人) looks like a Transformer. It is a big humanoid robot. People can sit in its”chest”and control it. So cool!Do you want to have a try
生词本：humanoid 有人的特点的 agile 灵活的 weigh重 terrain 地形 Transformer变形金刚 chest 胸膛
1．How many kinds (种) of robots are there in the passage (短文) ( )
A．2 B．4 C．6
2．_______ are humanoid robots. ( )
A．Mantis and Atlas B．Atlas and Method-2 C．Prosthesis and Method-2
3．It can walk in the mountains and water. It is _______. ( )
A．Mantis B．Atlas C．Prosthesis
4．_______ can run very fast. And it can jump over a car easily. ( )
A．Atlas B．Method-2 C．Prosthesis
5．You can sit in its ”chest” and control it. It is _______. ( )
A．Mantis B．Method-2 C．Atlas
(B)
（2023·山东潍坊·小升初真题）They are happy because they’re on holiday.
Mary is visiting her aunt in Paris. She is very excited. It’s a very famous city. Tom is fishing by the lake. There’re so many fish in the lake. Simon and Bill are good friends. They like riding bikes. They are riding bikes together in the beautiful countryside. Jesse is drawing a picture in the park. The park is very beautiful in autumn, and it’s a good place to draw a picture.
Name Place Things they are doing
Mary in Paris 1
2 by the lake fishing
Simon and Bill in the countryside 3
Jesse 4 5
(C)
（2023·山东潍坊·小升初真题） is a great website. It’s great because you can learn English when you listen to your favourite songs. You listen to the song and look at the lyrics. You can also watch the video of the song.
There are good things. You can listen to lots of new songs. You can listen to a line of the song again and again to know the words. You can listen to songs in different languages. You can choose the level, too.
There are not good things, either. Some songs aren’t on the website. Also, there are lots of ads on the website.
To sum up, I think it’s a great website if you like music and you want to learn English.
生词本：website 网站 lyrics歌词 level水平 ads广告
1．What’s the passage(文章) about ( )
A．A place. B．A game. C．A website.
2．Why is great ( )
A．Because it’s a big website. B．Because you can learn English when listening to songs.
C．Because you can sing songs on it.
3．When you are on the , you _____. ( )
A．can’t see any lyrics B．can listen to a line of the songs for many times
C．can only listen to English songs
4．There are _____ bad things about . ( )
A．one B．two C．three
5．The underlined “To sum up” means _____. ( )
A．相反 B．如果 C．总之
(D)
（2023·山东滨州·小升初真题）Tom was very sad last weekend, because he had a cold. His mother asked him to stay in bed. So he stayed at home for two days. He felt very bored. On Sunday morning, his good friends Jack and David came to see him. They bought some fruit and flowers for Tom. Tom was very happy. Next Saturday, Tom will go hiking with his friends. They will fly kites, take pictures and play football. And next Sunday, they will go to visit the museum.
1．Tom had a cold last weekend. ( )
2．The doctor asked Tom to stay in bed. ( )
3．Tom’s friends came to see him on Sunday afternoon. ( )
4．Tom will go hiking with his friends next Saturday. ( )
5．They will go to the library next Sunday. ( )
(E)
（2023·山东潍坊·小升初真题）Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu province(省). When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up.
Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and explored over 350 caves(山洞).
Xu was the first person to find the highest peak(山峰) of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find the karst caves(喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he discovered the Yangtze River’s headwater. Xu traveled mostly on foot. He slept and ate in the wild. He was robbed(被抢劫) three times. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But Xu was brave and enjoyed his journey. Xu kept a diary while traveling. It is still popular today.
1．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。
Which book did Xu Xiake write ( )
A． B． C．
2．阅读短文，用单词或短语完成表格。
What’s his name Xu Xiake
Where was he born province
What kind of books did Xu Xiake enjoy He enjoyed reading books about Chinese and rivers.
Where did he travel He traveled to 21 provinces and over cities in China.
How did he travel
(F)
（2023·山东潍坊·小升初真题）A virus(病毒) called COVID-19 is spreading(传播) fast how. Lots of people in the world get sick. People usually show symptoms(症状), such as(例如) runny nose, cough, breathlessness(呼吸困难) and fever.
There are some things we can do to protect(保护) ourselves, family and friends:
Often wash our hands;
Do not get together;
Do not go to crowded(拥挤的) places;
Do not eat wild(野生的) animals;
Always wear a mask(口罩) when you go out;
Drink more water and eat more fruit and vegetables.
If we feel ill at school, don’t be afraid. Just let teachers know and they will help us. Now many doctors and nurses are working hard to help sick people get well. We believe(相信) we can finally drive COVID-19 away.
1．People with COVID-19 usually have runny nose, cough, breathlessness and fever. ( )
2．We should often wash our hands and get together with friends. ( )
3．Wearing a mask when you go out is not useful. ( )
4．You can ask teachers for help when you feel ill at school. ( )
5．The sick people can get well because many doctors and nurses help them. ( )
(G)
（2023·山东滨州·小升初真题）Life was very different in Wu Li’ s grandparents’ hometown (家乡) many years ago. In the past, Wu Li’s grandparents cooked on a fire. They didn’t have a television or a radio. They didn’t have a telephone. There were no buses. They had to live in a small house. They didn’t have enough food. Now great changes have come to the hometown. There are lots of buses and cars. They live in a big house. They cook with natural gas (天然气) and have lots of food. They can watch TV every day. They even have a computer and use the Internet. They don’t need to always stay at home. They can go out to see the outside world.
They are rich and happy now.
before now
house lived in a small house 1
television 2 can watch TV
cooking cooked on a fire 3
food didn’t have enough food 4
transportation (交通工具) 5 lots of buses and cars
(H)
（2023·山东青岛·小升初真题）In 2003, China sent its first taikonaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, fourteen taikonauts have “reached for the stars”. Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe are three of them. They are carrying out the latest(最近的) Shenzhou XIV mission(任务). Have you ever dreamed of becoming a taikonaut like them How did they get there
Health is important
To be a taikonaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs(肺) are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, you can’t have a decayed tooth or scars(伤疤).
Become stronger with hard training(训练)
In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be a taikonaut. You must fly more than 600 hours. You’ll start training hard. For example, you will also wear a 200—kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks during a spacewalk.
Learn science
Knowledge is important as well. Taikonauts take 60 courses(课程) to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics, spacecraft design and many more. They can also do experiments(实验) in space.
1．(1) Which sentence is NOT TRUE according to the passage ( )
A．Yang Liwei is China’s first taikonaut in space.
B．The latest space mission in China was Shenzhou XIII.
C． To be a taikonaut, you can’t have any scars.
(2) How many taikonauts flew into space in China altogether(总共) ( )
A．3. B．40. C． 14.
2．在横线上填上合适的词语。
(1) To be a taikonaut, you need to have a body.
(2) Before you can be a taikonauts, you must first be a .
(3) Which courses do the taikonauts take for the space mission Please write at least(至少)3 courses. (请完整回答)
(I)
（2023·山东济宁·小升初真题）I have a friend. His name is Sam. He is 13 years old. He is 170 cm tall. Before he wasn’t so tall. He couldn’t play basketball well. But now he is good at playing basketball. He often plays basketball on weekends. But he was ill last weekend. He had a bad cold. He stayed at home all weekend and slept. It was bad. Today he feels better. He is reading a book now. He will have a basketball game this weekend.
1．Sam could play basketball well before. ( )
2．Sam played basketball last weekend. ( )
3．Sam likes playing basketball. ( )
4．Sam feels better now. ( )
5．Sam will have a basketball game next weekend. ( )
(J)
（2023·山东济宁·小升初真题）Tom is a quiet boy. There is a lot of money(钱) in his family. His parents don’t have much time to stay with him. They often buy many toys for him. But he is not happy.
One day, his father took him to a friend’s farm. Tom was very happy. There were two boys, Jim and Tony in the family. They played with Tom happily. When Tom and his father were going to leave(离开), Tom said he wanted to stay there for another week. His father said, “OK.” The kids swam in the river. They climbed trees and mountains together. They played with animals. They had a race on the farm.
When Tom came back home, his mother asked, “Are you happy ”
“Yes. I think Jim and Tony are happier than me. They don’t have much money. But they can play with friends outside. They can have dinner and play with their parents every day.”
1．Tom’s father took him to ______. ( )
A．a farm B．a river C．a mountain
2．Tom wasn’t happy because ______. ( )
A．he doesn’t have any toys B．they don’t have a lot of money
C．his parents don’t have much time to stay with him
3．Tom didn’t ______ with Jim and Tony. ( )
A．climb mountains B．fly kites C．play with animals
4．Is there a river near the farm ( )
A．Yes, there is. B．Yes, it is. C．No, there isn’t.
5．What can we know from this story ( )
A．Tom is a clever boy. B．Tom’s parents are busy. C．Tom often plays with his parents.
参考答案：
(A)
1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些高科技机器人。
1．句意：短文中有几种机器人？根据表格信息可知共有四种机器人，包括Atlas、Mantis、Prosthesis和Method-2，故选B。
2．句意：_______是仿人机器人。A六足机器人和双足机器人，B双足机器人和大型机器人，C机甲竞速机器人和大型机器人。根据“Atlas(双足机器人) is a humanoid robot. ”和“Method-2 (大型机器人) looks like a Transformer. It is a big humanoid robot.”可知，双足机器人和大型机器人都属于仿人机器人，故选B。
3．句意：它能在森林里和水里行走。它是_____。A六足机器人，B双足机器人，C机甲竞速机器人。根据“It can walk in the mountains. It can walk in the water too.”可知六足机器人可以在森林里和水里行走，故选A。
4．句意：______跑的非常快。而且它可以很容易地跳过汽车。A双足机器人，B大型机器人，C机甲竞速机器人。根据“It is good at running and jumping. It can run 30 kilometers per hour. And it can jump over a car easily. Amazing!”可知机甲竞速机器人跑的快并且可以跳过汽车，故选C。
5．句意：你可以坐在它的“胸腔”里控制它。它是______。A六足机器人，B大型机器人，C双足机器人。根据“People can sit in its”chest”and control it.”可知人们可以在大型机器人的胸膛里控制它，故选B。
(B)
1．visiting her aunt 2．Tom 3．riding bikes 4．in the park 5．drawing a picture
【分析】本文讲述了不同的人在假期去了不同的地方做了不同的事，他（她）们都很开心。
【详解】1. 根据“Mary is visiting her aunt in Paris.” 可知，玛丽正在巴黎看望她的姑姑。故答案为visiting her aunt。
2. 根据“Tom is fishing by the lake.” 可知，汤姆正在湖边钓鱼。故答案为Tom。
3. 根据“Simon and Bill are good friends. They like riding bikes.” 可知，西蒙和比尔是好朋友。他们喜欢骑自行车。故答案为riding bikes。
4. 根据“Jesse is drawing a picture in the park.” 可知，杰西正在公园里画画。故答案为in the park。
5. 根据“Jesse is drawing a picture in the park.” 可知，杰西正在公园里画画。故答案为drawing a picture。
(C)
1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C
【分析】本文讲述了一个网站，好处是可以听音乐学习英语，不好的地方是有些歌曲不在网上，而且网站有很多广告。但总体，这个网站还是不错的。
【详解】1.句意：文章是关于什么的？ A. 一个地方，B. 一场比赛，C. 网站。由短文可知文章讲述了一个很棒的网站：。故选C。
2. 句意：为什么这个网站不错？A. 因为这是一个大网站，B. 因为你可以在听歌的时候学习英语，C. 因为你可以在上面唱歌。根据“It’s great because you can learn English when you listen to your favourite songs.”可知，它很棒，因为你可以通过听你最喜欢的歌曲来学习英语，故选B。
3.句意：当你上这个网站的时候，你____？ A. 看不到任何歌词，B. 可以听一行歌曲很多遍，C. 只能听英语歌曲。根据“You can listen to a line of the song again and again to know the words.” 可知，你可以反复听歌曲的一行来记住歌词，故选B。
4. 句意：关于这个网站不好的事情有？A. 一，B. 二，C. 三。根据“Some songs aren’t on the website. Also,there are lots of ads on the website.” 可知，有些歌曲没有出现在网站上，而且网站上有很多广告，有两个不好的事情。故选B。
5. 句意：划线的短语“To sum up”意思是什么？A. 相反，B. 如果，C. 总之。根据“To sum up,I think it’s a great website if you like music and you want to learn English.” 可知，总之，如果你喜欢音乐并且想学习英语，我认为它是一个很棒的网站。该词组放在文章的末尾，是对本篇文章的一个总结。故选C。
(D)
1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F
【分析】本文讲的是汤姆上周末的情况和下周末的安排。
1．句意：汤姆上周末感冒了。根据“Tom was very sad last weekend, because he had a cold. ”可知汤姆上周感冒了，故答案为T。
2．句意：医生让他卧床休息。根据“His mother asked him to stay in bed.”可知汤姆的妈妈让他卧床休息，而不是医生让他卧床休息，故答案为F。
3．句意：星期天下午汤姆的朋友来看他。根据“On Sunday morning, his good friends Jack and David came to see him. They bought some fruit and flowers for Tom.”可知星期天早上汤姆的朋友来看他，而不是星期天下午，故答案为F。
4．句意：下星期六汤姆将和他的朋友一起去远足。根据“Next Saturday, Tom will go hiking with his friends. ”可知下星期六，汤姆将和他的朋友一起去远足，故答案为T。
5．句意：下星期天他们将去图书馆。根据“And next Sunday, they will go to visit the museum.”可知下星期天，他们将去参观博物馆，而不是图书馆，故答案为F。
(E)
1．A 2． Jiangsu mountains 100 On foot.
【分析】本文讲的是徐霞客的生平。
1．句意：哪本书是徐霞客写的？图片A《徐霞客游记》是徐霞客写的，故选A。
2．(1) 根据“Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu province.”可知徐霞客出生于江苏。故答案为Jiangsu。
(2) 根据“Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers.”可知徐霞客喜欢阅读关于中国山水的书。故答案为mountains。
(3) 根据“Xu traveled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China.”可知徐霞客走遍了中国21个省份和100多个城市。故答案为100。
(4) 根据“Xu traveled mostly on foot.”可知徐霞客通过步行旅行。故答案为On foot.
(F)
1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．T
【分析】本文主要内容是介绍新冠肺炎的症状和防护措施。
1．句意：患有新冠肺炎的人通常会流鼻涕、咳嗽、呼吸困难和发热。根据原文“Lots of people in the world get sick. People usually show symptoms, such as runny nose, cough, breathlessness and fever.”可知人们通常有诸如流鼻涕、咳嗽、呼吸困难和发热的症状。句子描述正确，故答案为T。
2．句意：我们应该经常洗手，要和朋友聚集在一起。根据原文“Often wash our hands; Do not get together”可知应经常洗手，不要聚集，句子描述错误，故答案为F。
3．句意：你外出时戴口罩是没有用的。根据原文“Always wear a mask when you go out”可知外出一定要戴口罩来防护，因此口罩是有用的，句子描述错误，故答案为F。
4．句意：当你在学校感到不舒服时，你可以向老师寻求帮助。根据原文“If we feel ill at school, don’t be afraid. Just let teachers know and they will help us.”可知当你不舒服时，可以找老师，句子描述正确，故答案为T。
5．句意：生病的人可以康复因为许多医生和护士在帮助他们。根据原文“Now many doctors and nurses are working hard to help sick people get well. ”可知医生和护士在帮助病人康复，句子描述正确，故答案为T。
(G)
1．live in a big house 2．didn’t have a television 3．cook with natural gas 4．have lots of food 5．no buses
【分析】本文主要介绍了吴丽祖父母家乡的生活过去和现在的变化。
1．根据“They live in a big house. 他们住在一所大房子里。”可知现在他们住在一所大房子里。故答案为live in a big house。
2．根据“They didn’t have a television or a radio. 他们没有电视和收音机。”可知以前他们没有电视和收音机。故答案为didn’t have a television。
3．根据“They cook with natural gas and have lots of food. 他们用天然气做饭，有很多食物。”可知现在他们用天然气做饭。故答案为cook with natural gas。
4．根据“They cook with natural gas and have lots of food. 们用天然气做饭，有很多食物。”可知现在他们有很多食物。故答案为have lots of food。
5．根据“There were no buses. 没有公共汽车。”可知以前没有公共汽车。故答案为no buses。
(H)
1． B C 2． healthy great pilot Including math, English, physics, spacecraft design and many more.
【分析】本文主要介绍了要成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件。
1．(1)句意：根据短文，哪个句子不正确？A杨利伟是中国第一个进入太空的宇航员。B中国最近一次太空任务是神舟十三号。C作为一名宇航员，你不能有任何伤痕。根据In 2003, China sent its first taikonaut, Yang Liwei, into space.“2003年，中国将第一名宇航员杨利伟送入太空。”所以选项A正确。根据They are carrying out the latest (最近的) Shenzhou XIV mission (任务).“他们正在执行最新的神舟十四任务。”可知中国最近一次太空任务是神舟十四号，而不是神舟十三号，所以选项B描述不正确。根据For example, you can’t have a decayed tooth or scars(伤疤).“例如，你不能有蛀牙或伤疤。”所以选项C正确。故选B。
(2) 句意：中国总共有多少名宇航员飞上太空？A 3，B 40，C 14。由Since then，fourteen taikonauts have “reached for the stars”. 从那时起，14名宇航员“伸手摘星”。可知中国总共有十四名宇航员进入太空。故选C。
2．(1) 句意：要成为一名宇航员，你需要有一个______身体。根据To be a taikonaut, you need to be very healthy. “要成为一名宇航员，你需要非常健康。”可知要成为一名宇航员，你需要有一个健康的身体。故答案为healthy。
(2) 句意：在你成为一名宇航员之前，你必须先成为一名______。根据 In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be a taikonaut. “在中国，你必须先成为一名伟大的飞行员，然后才能成为一名宇航员。”可知在你能成为一名宇航员之前，你必须是一名伟大的飞行员。故答案为great pilot。
(3) 句意：宇航员在太空任务中参加了哪些课程？请至少写3门课程。根据Taikonauts take 60 courses(课程) to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics, spacecraft design and many more. “宇航员要上60门课程为任务做好准备，包括数学、英语、物理、航天器设计等等。”可知为太空任务，宇航员需要上60门课程，包括数学、英语、物理、航天器设计等等。故答案为：Including math, English, physics, spacecraft design and many more.
(I)
1．F 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．F
【分析】本文讲述了作者的好朋友萨姆今夕的对比，以及他对篮球的热爱。
1．句意：萨姆以前篮球打得很好。 根据“Before he wasn’t so tall. He couldn’t play basketball well.”可知以前他打得不好。故答案为F。
2．句意：萨姆上周末打篮球了。 根据“ But he was ill last weekend. He had a bad cold. He stayed at home all weekend and slept.”可知上周末他呆在家里睡觉了。故答案为F。
3．句意：萨姆喜欢打篮球。 根据“But now he is good at playing basketball. He often plays basketball on weekends.”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。
4．句意：萨姆现在感觉好多了。 根据“Today he feels better. ”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。
5．句意：萨姆下周末将有一场篮球比赛。根据“ He will have a basketball game this weekend.”可知是这个周末。故答案为F。
(J)
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B
【分析】本文讲述了汤姆的爸爸带他去一个农场和朋友们玩的故事。
1．句意：汤姆的父亲带他去了______。A一个农场，B一条河，C一座山，根据“One day, his father took him to a friend’s farm.”可知是去了农场。故选A。
2．句意：汤姆不高兴是因为______。A他没有任何玩具，B他们没有很多钱，C他的父母没有很多时间陪他，根据“His parents don’t have much time to stay with him. They often buy many toys for him. But he is not happy.”可知是因为他的父母没有很多时间陪他。故选C。
3．句意：汤姆没有和吉姆和托尼在一起______。A爬山，B放风筝，C和动物玩耍，根据“The kids swam in the river. They climbed trees and mountains together. They played with animals. ”可知没有爬山。故选A。
4．句意：农场附近有一条河吗？根据“The kids swam in the river. ”可知有，作肯定回答，故选A。
5．句意：从这个故事中我们可以知道什么？A汤姆是个聪明的男孩。B汤姆的父母很忙。C汤姆经常和他的父母一起玩。根据短文内容可知他的父母很忙。故选B。

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